{"title":"Jean-Marc Gabaude (1928-2020)","authors":"Patricia Verdeau","doi":"10.3917/RPHI.211.0149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/RPHI.211.0149","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44338,"journal":{"name":"REVUE PHILOSOPHIQUE DE LA FRANCE ET DE L ETRANGER","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70534124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Jean-Marc Gabaude (1928-2020). Notice universitaire","authors":"","doi":"10.3917/rphi.211.0147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/rphi.211.0147","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44338,"journal":{"name":"REVUE PHILOSOPHIQUE DE LA FRANCE ET DE L ETRANGER","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70534112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sept ouvrages recents presentant des portraits contrastes de l’œuvre de Pierre Bourdieu sont mis en dialogue a travers les themes du sujet, des rapports des sciences humaines a la philosophie, de la critique du neoliberalisme, de la race, l’identite et le genre, des perspectives de l’emancipation sociale.
{"title":"Bourdieu chez les philosophes","authors":"S. Deprez","doi":"10.3917/RPHI.211.0095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/RPHI.211.0095","url":null,"abstract":"Sept ouvrages recents presentant des portraits contrastes de l’œuvre de Pierre Bourdieu sont mis en dialogue a travers les themes du sujet, des rapports des sciences humaines a la philosophie, de la critique du neoliberalisme, de la race, l’identite et le genre, des perspectives de l’emancipation sociale.","PeriodicalId":44338,"journal":{"name":"REVUE PHILOSOPHIQUE DE LA FRANCE ET DE L ETRANGER","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70534464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I discuss the role of translatability in philosophical justification. I begin by discussing and defending Thomas Reid’s account of the role that facts about comparative linguistics can play in philosophical justification. Reid believes that common sense offers a reliable but defeasible form of justification. We cannot know by introspection, however, which of our judgments belong to common sense. Judgments of common sense are universal, and so he argues that the strongest evidence that a judgment is a part of common sense is that it is to be found in all languages. For Reid, then, evidence that a certain distinction is to be found in all languages is evidence that the distinction is part of common sense rather than being a common local prejudice. From such a perspective, empirical work in comparative linguistics can play a defeasible justificatory role in philosophical arguments. I contrast Reid’s position with the more radical position of defenders of the Natural Semantic Metalanguage approach, such as Anna Wierzbicka, who argues that only judgments that are translatable into all natural languages are justifiable. I show how such a position is rooted in an implausible view, although one common among cognitive scientists and linguistics, about the nature of concepts, which does not allow for novel concepts.
{"title":"Common Sense and Comparative Linguistics","authors":"Lucas Thorpe","doi":"10.3917/RPHI.211.0071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/RPHI.211.0071","url":null,"abstract":"I discuss the role of translatability in philosophical justification. I begin by discussing and defending Thomas Reid’s account of the role that facts about comparative linguistics can play in philosophical justification. Reid believes that common sense offers a reliable but defeasible form of justification. We cannot know by introspection, however, which of our judgments belong to common sense. Judgments of common sense are universal, and so he argues that the strongest evidence that a judgment is a part of common sense is that it is to be found in all languages. For Reid, then, evidence that a certain distinction is to be found in all languages is evidence that the distinction is part of common sense rather than being a common local prejudice. From such a perspective, empirical work in comparative linguistics can play a defeasible justificatory role in philosophical arguments. I contrast Reid’s position with the more radical position of defenders of the Natural Semantic Metalanguage approach, such as Anna Wierzbicka, who argues that only judgments that are translatable into all natural languages are justifiable. I show how such a position is rooted in an implausible view, although one common among cognitive scientists and linguistics, about the nature of concepts, which does not allow for novel concepts.","PeriodicalId":44338,"journal":{"name":"REVUE PHILOSOPHIQUE DE LA FRANCE ET DE L ETRANGER","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70533783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ole Hansen-Løve (1948-2020)","authors":"Eric Blondel","doi":"10.3917/RPHI.211.0151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/RPHI.211.0151","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44338,"journal":{"name":"REVUE PHILOSOPHIQUE DE LA FRANCE ET DE L ETRANGER","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70534204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
francaisComme nombre de ses contemporains, Buffier concoit la metaphysique comme une theorie des principes generaux de la connaissance humaine, principes sur lesquels se fondent les sciences. Dans ce cadre, il est necessaire de considerer les verites generales premieres et leur origine, ainsi que de mettre en evidence le critere de leur certitude. Dans cette perspective, le sens commun est compris comme la source premiere de notre connaissance. Buffier apparait ainsi etre le premier penseur du sens commun, qu’il eleve au statut de faculte cognitive pleine et entiere. Le sens commun n’est plus oppose a la metaphysique abstraite mais devient son premier operateur. EnglishLike many of his contemporaries, Buffier conceives metaphysics as a theory of the general principles of human knowledge, on which sciences are grounded. For this purpose, it is necessary to examine the first general truths and their origin, and to highlight the criterion of their certainty. In this perspective, common sense is understood as the first source of our knowledge. Buffier thus appears as the first thinker of common sense, which he promotes as a full cognitive faculty. Common sense is no longer opposed to abstract metaphysics, but becomes its first operator.
和他同时代的许多人一样，Buffier认为形而上学是关于人类知识的一般原则的理论，这些原则是科学的基础。在这方面，有必要首先考虑一般真理及其起源，并强调确定它们的标准。从这个角度来看，常识被理解为我们知识的主要来源。因此，Buffier似乎是常识的第一个思想家，并将其提升为一种完整的认知能力。常识不再与抽象形而上学对立，而是成为它的第一个操作者。EnglishLike many of his contemporaries、Buffier conceives metaphysics as a theory of the general科学原理of human knowledge, on which are grounded。For this to the first考察目的,it is faut general truths and their origin and to the criterion of their highlight确信。在这方面，常识被理解为我们知识的第一来源。Buffier thus水彩画as the first思想家promotes as a full of common sense,好让我认知学院。Common sense is no longer反对to文摘metaphysics,男子为了阴险狡诈its first接线生。
{"title":"Sens commun et métaphysique selon Claude Buffier","authors":"Jean-Christophe Bardout","doi":"10.3917/RPHI.211.0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/RPHI.211.0013","url":null,"abstract":"francaisComme nombre de ses contemporains, Buffier concoit la metaphysique comme une theorie des principes generaux de la connaissance humaine, principes sur lesquels se fondent les sciences. Dans ce cadre, il est necessaire de considerer les verites generales premieres et leur origine, ainsi que de mettre en evidence le critere de leur certitude. Dans cette perspective, le sens commun est compris comme la source premiere de notre connaissance. Buffier apparait ainsi etre le premier penseur du sens commun, qu’il eleve au statut de faculte cognitive pleine et entiere. Le sens commun n’est plus oppose a la metaphysique abstraite mais devient son premier operateur. EnglishLike many of his contemporaries, Buffier conceives metaphysics as a theory of the general principles of human knowledge, on which sciences are grounded. For this purpose, it is necessary to examine the first general truths and their origin, and to highlight the criterion of their certainty. In this perspective, common sense is understood as the first source of our knowledge. Buffier thus appears as the first thinker of common sense, which he promotes as a full cognitive faculty. Common sense is no longer opposed to abstract metaphysics, but becomes its first operator.","PeriodicalId":44338,"journal":{"name":"REVUE PHILOSOPHIQUE DE LA FRANCE ET DE L ETRANGER","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70533947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
On analyse deux tableaux fameux de Poussin – Paysage avec un homme tue par un serpent (National Gallery) et Apollon amoureux de Daphne (Louvre) – avant de confronter Poussin au Caravage. La these defendue est que les deux tableaux analyses illustrent la destitution de Narcisse, et que ce theme a, dans l’œuvre de Poussin, une signification non seulement psychologique et morale, mais encore proprement esthetique. C’est en effectuant une minutieuse et savante enquete qu’on resout de maniere inedite l’element enigmatique contenu dans les deux tableaux et que, en suivant Louis Marin, on approfondit la comparaison de deux conceptions antagonistes de la representation picturale.
{"title":"Nicolas Poussin, ou la destitution de Narcisse","authors":"H. Bouchilloux","doi":"10.3917/rphi.202.0139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/rphi.202.0139","url":null,"abstract":"On analyse deux tableaux fameux de Poussin – Paysage avec un homme tue par un serpent (National Gallery) et Apollon amoureux de Daphne (Louvre) – avant de confronter Poussin au Caravage. La these defendue est que les deux tableaux analyses illustrent la destitution de Narcisse, et que ce theme a, dans l’œuvre de Poussin, une signification non seulement psychologique et morale, mais encore proprement esthetique. C’est en effectuant une minutieuse et savante enquete qu’on resout de maniere inedite l’element enigmatique contenu dans les deux tableaux et que, en suivant Louis Marin, on approfondit la comparaison de deux conceptions antagonistes de la representation picturale.","PeriodicalId":44338,"journal":{"name":"REVUE PHILOSOPHIQUE DE LA FRANCE ET DE L ETRANGER","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70533123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mill n’a pas pense la secularisation comme un simple affaiblissement des religions traditionnelles, mais s’est preoccupe de leur remplacement comme fondement de la stabilite sociale. La Religion de l’Humanite doit reorienter sur le progres humain les aspirations religieuses. Liee a la neutralisation de la portee morale des religions theistes et surnaturelles sur le plan metaphysique, en coherence avec l’engagement pour une education nationale seculiere, la dimension religieuse de l’utilitarisme eloigne aussi Mill de Bentham. La comparaison avec la version comtienne de la religion de l’humanite permet d’aborder quelques difficultes soulevees par ce projet.
{"title":"Religion de l’Humanité et révolution séculière chez John Stuart Mill","authors":"Steven Le Breton","doi":"10.3917/rphi.203.0291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/rphi.203.0291","url":null,"abstract":"Mill n’a pas pense la secularisation comme un simple affaiblissement des religions traditionnelles, mais s’est preoccupe de leur remplacement comme fondement de la stabilite sociale. La Religion de l’Humanite doit reorienter sur le progres humain les aspirations religieuses. Liee a la neutralisation de la portee morale des religions theistes et surnaturelles sur le plan metaphysique, en coherence avec l’engagement pour une education nationale seculiere, la dimension religieuse de l’utilitarisme eloigne aussi Mill de Bentham. La comparaison avec la version comtienne de la religion de l’humanite permet d’aborder quelques difficultes soulevees par ce projet.","PeriodicalId":44338,"journal":{"name":"REVUE PHILOSOPHIQUE DE LA FRANCE ET DE L ETRANGER","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70533201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Louis Vax (1924-2020)","authors":"Jacques Carbou","doi":"10.3917/rphi.203.0429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/rphi.203.0429","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44338,"journal":{"name":"REVUE PHILOSOPHIQUE DE LA FRANCE ET DE L ETRANGER","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70533532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Michel Serres (1930-2019)","authors":"Bernadette Bensaude-Vincent","doi":"10.3917/rphi.201.0127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/rphi.201.0127","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44338,"journal":{"name":"REVUE PHILOSOPHIQUE DE LA FRANCE ET DE L ETRANGER","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70533539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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