Abstract A 9-year-old, intact male, German wirehaired pointer was referred for suspected Achilles tendon rupture 3 weeks after an injury. A three-loop pulley suture pattern combined with a locking loop suture reduced the gap between the tendon ends to 7 mm and a central gastrocnemius turnover aponeurotic flap was used to cover the remaining gap. A type II free-form methyl methacrylate transarticular external skeletal fixator was used to keep the tarsocrural joint in extension until 45 days postoperatively. Short- and long-term clinical and ultrasonographic evaluations showed gradual improvement in weight-bearing and progressive tendon healing. At 6 months after surgery, the dog had normal limb function and had returned to the previous activity level. To the authors' knowledge, this tendon repair technique has been described in humans and in one cat but has not yet been reported in dogs.
{"title":"Treatment of Common Calcaneal Tendon Rupture Using a Central Gastrocnemius Turnover Aponeurotic Flap Technique in a Dog","authors":"S. Minei, F. Cinti, B. Pompei, P. Abrescia","doi":"10.1055/s-0040-1715135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1715135","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A 9-year-old, intact male, German wirehaired pointer was referred for suspected Achilles tendon rupture 3 weeks after an injury. A three-loop pulley suture pattern combined with a locking loop suture reduced the gap between the tendon ends to 7 mm and a central gastrocnemius turnover aponeurotic flap was used to cover the remaining gap. A type II free-form methyl methacrylate transarticular external skeletal fixator was used to keep the tarsocrural joint in extension until 45 days postoperatively. Short- and long-term clinical and ultrasonographic evaluations showed gradual improvement in weight-bearing and progressive tendon healing. At 6 months after surgery, the dog had normal limb function and had returned to the previous activity level. To the authors' knowledge, this tendon repair technique has been described in humans and in one cat but has not yet been reported in dogs.","PeriodicalId":443672,"journal":{"name":"VCOT Open","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131386706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Objective This study is a case description of the clinical application of locking plates to repair fractures in the radius and ulna of a 9-month-old, male domestic rabbit. Study Design This study is a case report. Results Double-threaded locking adaptation plates of 1.5 mm were fixated to the radius and ulna of the rabbit using the principles of orthogonal plating. Radiographs of the left radius and ulna were obtained at 8 weeks postoperatively depicting complete osseous union of the fracture and no implant complications were observed. Clinical Significance The authors describe the first clinical report of 1.5 mm locking adaptation plates having been used in repairing radius and ulna fractures in a domestic rabbit.
{"title":"Application of Double-Threaded Locking Adaptation Plates used to Repair a Radius and Ulna Fracture in a Domestic Rabbit (Oryctolagus Cuniculus)","authors":"Anthony Malak, A. Levien","doi":"10.1055/s-0040-1721662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1721662","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective This study is a case description of the clinical application of locking plates to repair fractures in the radius and ulna of a 9-month-old, male domestic rabbit. Study Design This study is a case report. Results Double-threaded locking adaptation plates of 1.5 mm were fixated to the radius and ulna of the rabbit using the principles of orthogonal plating. Radiographs of the left radius and ulna were obtained at 8 weeks postoperatively depicting complete osseous union of the fracture and no implant complications were observed. Clinical Significance The authors describe the first clinical report of 1.5 mm locking adaptation plates having been used in repairing radius and ulna fractures in a domestic rabbit.","PeriodicalId":443672,"journal":{"name":"VCOT Open","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122537906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The aim of this study was to describe a case of a Salter-Harris type II fracture of the humeral head in a goat repaired with Kirshner wire fixation. A 3-year-old, 52 kg, male, non-domesticated goat was referred for evaluation. Approximately 11 days prior, the goat sustained suspected vehicular trauma, and was found on the side of the road with a non-weight bearing lameness of the right thoracic limb. Orthogonal radiographic assessment identified a Salter-Harris type II fracture of the humeral head with proximolateral displacement of the humerus. The fracture was repaired with multiple Kirschner wire fixation. Orthogonal radiographic assessment of the right humerus at 8 weeks postoperatively revealed implant quiescence with radiographic union of the fracture site. Long-term telephone follow-up at 3 and 6 months postoperatively found the patient was no longer restricted in activity, with free access to the field, and was not displaying an overt lameness. The authors describe a novel fracture configuration in the goat successfully repaired with multiple Kirschner wire fixation.
{"title":"Salter-Harris Type II Humeral Head Fracture with Kirschner Wire Fixation in a Goat","authors":"D. Walmsley, T. Shaw, S. Kudnig","doi":"10.1055/s-0040-1718377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1718377","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The aim of this study was to describe a case of a Salter-Harris type II fracture of the humeral head in a goat repaired with Kirshner wire fixation. A 3-year-old, 52 kg, male, non-domesticated goat was referred for evaluation. Approximately 11 days prior, the goat sustained suspected vehicular trauma, and was found on the side of the road with a non-weight bearing lameness of the right thoracic limb. Orthogonal radiographic assessment identified a Salter-Harris type II fracture of the humeral head with proximolateral displacement of the humerus. The fracture was repaired with multiple Kirschner wire fixation. Orthogonal radiographic assessment of the right humerus at 8 weeks postoperatively revealed implant quiescence with radiographic union of the fracture site. Long-term telephone follow-up at 3 and 6 months postoperatively found the patient was no longer restricted in activity, with free access to the field, and was not displaying an overt lameness. The authors describe a novel fracture configuration in the goat successfully repaired with multiple Kirschner wire fixation.","PeriodicalId":443672,"journal":{"name":"VCOT Open","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115493083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Chou, D. Robinson, A. Kapatkin, S. Epstein, M. Giuffrida, B. Byrne
Abstract Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the susceptibility pattern of the incisional site Staphylococcus spp. to three commonly used perioperative antimicrobials in dogs. Materials and Methods A cohort of client-owned dogs was included in this prospective observational study. After induction of general anaesthesia and hair clipping, culture samples were collected from the incisional site of healthy dogs before orthopaedic surgery. The isolated colonies were identified. The susceptibility pattern of staphylococcal isolates was determined using Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute standards. The staphylococcal susceptibilities to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and cefpodoxime were compared with cefazolin using two-sided equality of proportions test. Results A total of 391 bacterial isolates were identified in 115 dogs. Bacillus spp. (n = 200) and Staphylococcus spp. (n = 95) were the most common bacteria isolated. Coagulase- positive and -negative staphylococci were isolated in 44 and 38% of dogs respectively. Cefazolin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and cefpodoxime staphylococcal susceptibilities were 68, 77 and 76% respectively. There were no significant differences in Staphylococcus spp. susceptibility between amoxicillin/clavulanic acid or cefpodoxime and cefazolin (p = 0.19, p = 0.25). Thirty-six per cent of coagulase-negative staphylococci and 6% of coagulase-positive staphylococci isolated were methicillin resistant. Conclusion Cefazolin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and cefpodoxime had similar susceptibilities for staphylococcal isolates. Routine use of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid or cefpodoxime in replace of cefazolin should be practiced with caution.
摘要目的探讨犬切口部位葡萄球菌对三种常用围手术期抗菌药物的敏感性。材料和方法在这项前瞻性观察研究中纳入了一组客户拥有的狗。全麻诱导、剪毛后，于健康犬矫形术前切口处采集培养标本。鉴定出孤立的菌落。采用临床和实验室标准学会的标准确定葡萄球菌分离物的药敏型。采用双侧比例相等检验比较葡萄球菌对阿莫西林/克拉维酸、头孢多肟和头孢唑林的敏感性。结果115只犬共检出细菌391株。芽孢杆菌(200株)和葡萄球菌(95株)是最常见的细菌。检出凝固酶阳性和阴性葡萄球菌的犬只比例分别为44%和38%。头孢唑林、阿莫西林/克拉维酸和头孢多肟葡萄球菌的敏感性分别为68%、77%和76%。阿莫西林/克拉维酸、头孢多肟与头孢唑林对葡萄球菌的敏感性差异无统计学意义(p = 0.19, p = 0.25)。分离的36%的凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌和6%的凝固酶阳性葡萄球菌耐甲氧西林。结论头孢唑林、阿莫西林/克拉维酸和头孢多肟对葡萄球菌的敏感性相似。应谨慎常规使用阿莫西林/克拉维酸或头孢多肟代替头孢唑林。
{"title":"Susceptibility of Incisional Site Staphylococcus spp. to Three Common Perioperative Antimicrobials in Dogs Undergoing Clean Orthopaedic Procedures","authors":"P. Chou, D. Robinson, A. Kapatkin, S. Epstein, M. Giuffrida, B. Byrne","doi":"10.1055/s-0040-1716847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1716847","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the susceptibility pattern of the incisional site Staphylococcus spp. to three commonly used perioperative antimicrobials in dogs. Materials and Methods A cohort of client-owned dogs was included in this prospective observational study. After induction of general anaesthesia and hair clipping, culture samples were collected from the incisional site of healthy dogs before orthopaedic surgery. The isolated colonies were identified. The susceptibility pattern of staphylococcal isolates was determined using Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute standards. The staphylococcal susceptibilities to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and cefpodoxime were compared with cefazolin using two-sided equality of proportions test. Results A total of 391 bacterial isolates were identified in 115 dogs. Bacillus spp. (n = 200) and Staphylococcus spp. (n = 95) were the most common bacteria isolated. Coagulase- positive and -negative staphylococci were isolated in 44 and 38% of dogs respectively. Cefazolin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and cefpodoxime staphylococcal susceptibilities were 68, 77 and 76% respectively. There were no significant differences in Staphylococcus spp. susceptibility between amoxicillin/clavulanic acid or cefpodoxime and cefazolin (p = 0.19, p = 0.25). Thirty-six per cent of coagulase-negative staphylococci and 6% of coagulase-positive staphylococci isolated were methicillin resistant. Conclusion Cefazolin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and cefpodoxime had similar susceptibilities for staphylococcal isolates. Routine use of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid or cefpodoxime in replace of cefazolin should be practiced with caution.","PeriodicalId":443672,"journal":{"name":"VCOT Open","volume":"03 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129671655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Chou, Jin Yoon, R. Hersh-Boyle, D. Marcellin-Little
Abstract Objective This study aimed to report the adverse drug events and treatment outcome of systemic linezolid therapy to manage multi-drug resistant orthopaedic surgical site infection in dogs. Materials and Methods Retrospective case review of four dogs that received linezolid to treat surgical site infections after orthopaedic surgery. Reevaluations consisted of a clinical examination or a telephone interview. Results Serum drug concentrations varied. All dogs showed a temporary resolution of clinical signs of surgical site infection. Two dogs that received linezolid at the previously reported dose developed drug-associated side effects. The side effects were anorexia, nausea, vomiting and regenerative anaemia. All side effects resolved after the discontinuation of linezolid. Surgical site infection recurred in two dogs 52 and 177 days after discontinuing linezolid respectively. Clinical significance Adverse drug events occurred in dogs receiving oral linezolid at the dosage of 10 to 20 mg/kg. Oral linezolid therapy failed to resolve deep orthopaedic surgical site infections in two out of four dogs. As a tertiary antimicrobial, linezolid should only be used in carefully selected cases while monitoring for drug-associated side effects.
{"title":"Multidrug-Resistant Orthopaedic Surgical Site Infections Treated with Linezolid in Four Dogs","authors":"P. Chou, Jin Yoon, R. Hersh-Boyle, D. Marcellin-Little","doi":"10.1055/s-0040-1714141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1714141","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective This study aimed to report the adverse drug events and treatment outcome of systemic linezolid therapy to manage multi-drug resistant orthopaedic surgical site infection in dogs. Materials and Methods Retrospective case review of four dogs that received linezolid to treat surgical site infections after orthopaedic surgery. Reevaluations consisted of a clinical examination or a telephone interview. Results Serum drug concentrations varied. All dogs showed a temporary resolution of clinical signs of surgical site infection. Two dogs that received linezolid at the previously reported dose developed drug-associated side effects. The side effects were anorexia, nausea, vomiting and regenerative anaemia. All side effects resolved after the discontinuation of linezolid. Surgical site infection recurred in two dogs 52 and 177 days after discontinuing linezolid respectively. Clinical significance Adverse drug events occurred in dogs receiving oral linezolid at the dosage of 10 to 20 mg/kg. Oral linezolid therapy failed to resolve deep orthopaedic surgical site infections in two out of four dogs. As a tertiary antimicrobial, linezolid should only be used in carefully selected cases while monitoring for drug-associated side effects.","PeriodicalId":443672,"journal":{"name":"VCOT Open","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126624832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Objective This investigation compared the biomechanical properties of a 2.0 mm locking compression notched head T-plate (NHTP) and 2.0 mm straight locking compression plate (LCP), in a compressed, short, juxta-articular fragment fracture model. Methods Two different screw configurations were compared for the NHTP and LCP, modelling short (configuration 1) and long working length (configuration 2). Constructs were tested in compression, perpendicular and tension four-point bending and torsion. Plate surface strain was measured at 12 regions of interest using three-dimensional digital image correlation. Stiffness and strain were compared. Results The LCP was stiffer than the NHTP in all three planes of bending (p < 0.05). The NHTP was stiffer than the LCP in torsion (p < 0.05). The NHTP had greater strain than the LCP during compression bending and torsion (p < 0.0005). The short working length NHTP was stiffer in all three planes of bending and in torsion (p < 0.05) than the longer working length. The short working length LCP was stiffer in compression bending and in torsion (p < 0.05) than the longer working length. The long working length showed greater strain than the short working length at multiple regions of interest. Conclusion In this experimental model of a compressed transverse fracture with a juxta-articular 9 mm fragment, a 2.0 mm LCP with two hybrid screws in the short fragment was stiffer than a 2.0 mm NHTP with three locking screws in the short fragment in three planes of bending but not torsion. Extending the working length of each construct reduced construct stiffness and increased plate strain.
摘要目的比较2.0 mm锁定压缩缺口头t型钢板(NHTP)和2.0 mm直锁定压缩钢板(LCP)在压缩短关节旁碎片骨折模型中的生物力学性能。方法比较NHTP和LCP两种不同的螺钉配置，即造型短(配置1)和工作长(配置2)，并对结构体进行压缩、垂直和拉伸四点弯曲和扭转试验。利用三维数字图像相关技术测量了12个感兴趣区域的板表面应变。比较了刚度和应变。结果LCP在三个弯曲面均比NHTP更硬(p < 0.05)。NHTP比LCP扭转刚度大(p < 0.05)。NHTP在压缩弯曲和扭转过程中的应变大于LCP (p < 0.0005)。短工作长度NHTP在弯曲和扭转三个平面上的刚度均高于长工作长度NHTP (p < 0.05)。短工作长度的LCP在压缩弯曲和扭转方面比长工作长度的LCP更硬(p < 0.05)。在多个感兴趣的区域，长工作长度比短工作长度表现出更大的应变。结论在本实验模型中，2枚混合螺钉固定短碎片的2.0 mm LCP比3枚锁定螺钉固定短碎片的2.0 mm NHTP在3个弯曲面而非扭转面具有更强的刚度。延长每个结构的工作长度降低了结构刚度，增加了板应变。
{"title":"Effect of Plate Type and Working Length on a Synthetic Compressed Juxta-Articular Fracture Model","authors":"Guy Bird, M. Glyde, G. Hosgood, A. Hayes, R. Day","doi":"10.1055/s-0040-1716722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1716722","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective This investigation compared the biomechanical properties of a 2.0 mm locking compression notched head T-plate (NHTP) and 2.0 mm straight locking compression plate (LCP), in a compressed, short, juxta-articular fragment fracture model. Methods Two different screw configurations were compared for the NHTP and LCP, modelling short (configuration 1) and long working length (configuration 2). Constructs were tested in compression, perpendicular and tension four-point bending and torsion. Plate surface strain was measured at 12 regions of interest using three-dimensional digital image correlation. Stiffness and strain were compared. Results The LCP was stiffer than the NHTP in all three planes of bending (p < 0.05). The NHTP was stiffer than the LCP in torsion (p < 0.05). The NHTP had greater strain than the LCP during compression bending and torsion (p < 0.0005). The short working length NHTP was stiffer in all three planes of bending and in torsion (p < 0.05) than the longer working length. The short working length LCP was stiffer in compression bending and in torsion (p < 0.05) than the longer working length. The long working length showed greater strain than the short working length at multiple regions of interest. Conclusion In this experimental model of a compressed transverse fracture with a juxta-articular 9 mm fragment, a 2.0 mm LCP with two hybrid screws in the short fragment was stiffer than a 2.0 mm NHTP with three locking screws in the short fragment in three planes of bending but not torsion. Extending the working length of each construct reduced construct stiffness and increased plate strain.","PeriodicalId":443672,"journal":{"name":"VCOT Open","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134354809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Objective This study aimed to evaluate angle values in maximal flexion and extension; the passive range of motion (PROM) of the shoulder, elbow, carpal, hip, stifle and tarsus; and the carpal abduction and adduction of chondrodystrophic (CD) and non-chondrodystrophic (NCD) dogs of different sizes. Study Design Goniometric evaluation was performed in triplicate using a universal goniometer. CD dogs were categorized into miniature, small, medium, large and giant sizes, whereas NCD dogs were allocated to small- and medium-size groups. Hence, each of the seven subgroups comprised 11 clinically healthy dogs. For data analysis, the Levene test was used to evaluate homoscedasticity. The means of each joint angle with the means in each group as well as the PROM between the CD and NCD groups was compared by the Student's t-test; meanwhile, the means of the joint angles and ROM among the sizes were compared by analysis of variance, followed by the Tukey test. In those cases, when no homogeneity variance was observed, the Bonferroni test was used. In every case, p ≤ 0.05 was considered significant. Results The articular angles and PROM differed according to the dog size and type, that is, CD or NCD. Conclusion The goniometric values and PROM of dogs depend on the joint type, dog size and chondrodystrophy status. Further studies are necessary to increase the accuracy of the results and to establish the predominant factors governing the differences discovered.
{"title":"Goniometric Evaluation and Passive Range of Joint Motion in Chondrodystrophic and Non-Chondrodystrophic Dogs of Different Sizes","authors":"M. Reusing, M. Brocardo, S. Weber, J. Villanova","doi":"10.1055/s-0040-1713825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1713825","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective This study aimed to evaluate angle values in maximal flexion and extension; the passive range of motion (PROM) of the shoulder, elbow, carpal, hip, stifle and tarsus; and the carpal abduction and adduction of chondrodystrophic (CD) and non-chondrodystrophic (NCD) dogs of different sizes. Study Design Goniometric evaluation was performed in triplicate using a universal goniometer. CD dogs were categorized into miniature, small, medium, large and giant sizes, whereas NCD dogs were allocated to small- and medium-size groups. Hence, each of the seven subgroups comprised 11 clinically healthy dogs. For data analysis, the Levene test was used to evaluate homoscedasticity. The means of each joint angle with the means in each group as well as the PROM between the CD and NCD groups was compared by the Student's t-test; meanwhile, the means of the joint angles and ROM among the sizes were compared by analysis of variance, followed by the Tukey test. In those cases, when no homogeneity variance was observed, the Bonferroni test was used. In every case, p ≤ 0.05 was considered significant. Results The articular angles and PROM differed according to the dog size and type, that is, CD or NCD. Conclusion The goniometric values and PROM of dogs depend on the joint type, dog size and chondrodystrophy status. Further studies are necessary to increase the accuracy of the results and to establish the predominant factors governing the differences discovered.","PeriodicalId":443672,"journal":{"name":"VCOT Open","volume":"183 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114146599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to report outcomes after combined internal repair and transarticular external skeletal fixation (TESF) for the treatment of tarsocrural joint instabilities (TCI) in cats. Materials and Methods Open reduction of the tarsal joint was performed followed by combined (1) internal repair (tibial/ fibular malleolar osteosynthesis or primary ligament suture and/or prosthetic ligament repair) and (2) temporary TESF. Stability of the tarsus was determined at short-term follow-up (4–8 weeks postoperatively). Short-term complications were evaluated and midterm outcome assessed by an owner telephone questionnaire. Results Fourteen cats were included of which nine had open TCI. Median time for frame removal was 47 days. Eleven patients had satisfactory stability of the tarsus at short-term follow-up. Catastrophic complications occurred in three cats consisting of extensive skin necrosis of the paw with subsequent hindlimb amputation in two and multiple digit amputations in one cat. Major complications occurred in one cat with persistent TCI requiring pantarsal arthrodesis. Nine cat owners indicated a ‘full or acceptable’ outcome at midterm (median, 1.5 years). Conclusion Close monitoring in the postoperative period until TESF removal is important for early identification of complications. Despite good joint stability at short-term, persistent or recurrent lameness at midterm can occur.
{"title":"Tarsocrural Instability in Cats: Combined Internal Repair and Transarticular External Skeletal Fixation","authors":"M. Hammer, I. Irubetagoyena, J. Grand","doi":"10.1055/s-0040-1716350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1716350","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to report outcomes after combined internal repair and transarticular external skeletal fixation (TESF) for the treatment of tarsocrural joint instabilities (TCI) in cats. Materials and Methods Open reduction of the tarsal joint was performed followed by combined (1) internal repair (tibial/ fibular malleolar osteosynthesis or primary ligament suture and/or prosthetic ligament repair) and (2) temporary TESF. Stability of the tarsus was determined at short-term follow-up (4–8 weeks postoperatively). Short-term complications were evaluated and midterm outcome assessed by an owner telephone questionnaire. Results Fourteen cats were included of which nine had open TCI. Median time for frame removal was 47 days. Eleven patients had satisfactory stability of the tarsus at short-term follow-up. Catastrophic complications occurred in three cats consisting of extensive skin necrosis of the paw with subsequent hindlimb amputation in two and multiple digit amputations in one cat. Major complications occurred in one cat with persistent TCI requiring pantarsal arthrodesis. Nine cat owners indicated a ‘full or acceptable’ outcome at midterm (median, 1.5 years). Conclusion Close monitoring in the postoperative period until TESF removal is important for early identification of complications. Despite good joint stability at short-term, persistent or recurrent lameness at midterm can occur.","PeriodicalId":443672,"journal":{"name":"VCOT Open","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122822378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Arnold, M. Kent, J. Ruby, L. Clarke, Renee M. Barber, S. Platt
Abstract This is a retrospective case series in which clinicopathological and imaging findings associated with neurological complications secondary to melarsomine dihydrochloride administration are reported in two dogs with Dirofilaria immitis infection. Following intramuscular injection of melarsomine dihydrochloride based on manufacturers' guidelines, two dogs developed acute, progressive, nonambulatory paraparesis or paraplegia. Magnetic resonance imaging was suggestive of epidural steatitis, resulting in compression of the spinal cord and spinal cord oedema. In one dog, emphysematous myositis throughout the lumbar paravertebral muscles was present. Hemilaminectomy with the intent of achieving spinal cord decompression and obtaining specimens for microbiological and histopathological evaluation was performed in both dogs. One dog partially regained function postoperatively whereas the other was euthanatized intraoperatively. Histologically, epidural steatitis was observed in the surviving dog and epidural steatitis, myonecrosis and grey and white matter changes in the spinal cord were observed in the euthanatized dog. Microbiological testing failed to identify bacteria from the affected tissues. Both cases highlight the potential for the development of extensive epidural steatitis and consequent spinal cord compression following intramuscular administration of melarsomine dihydrochloride. Further investigation into the optimal therapeutic intervention in dogs experiencing neurological complications following melarsomine administration is warranted.
{"title":"Extensive Epidural Steatitis and Epaxial Myositis Associated with Intramuscular Injection of Melarsomine Dihydrochloride in Two Dogs","authors":"S. Arnold, M. Kent, J. Ruby, L. Clarke, Renee M. Barber, S. Platt","doi":"10.1055/s-0040-1710070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1710070","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This is a retrospective case series in which clinicopathological and imaging findings associated with neurological complications secondary to melarsomine dihydrochloride administration are reported in two dogs with Dirofilaria immitis infection. Following intramuscular injection of melarsomine dihydrochloride based on manufacturers' guidelines, two dogs developed acute, progressive, nonambulatory paraparesis or paraplegia. Magnetic resonance imaging was suggestive of epidural steatitis, resulting in compression of the spinal cord and spinal cord oedema. In one dog, emphysematous myositis throughout the lumbar paravertebral muscles was present. Hemilaminectomy with the intent of achieving spinal cord decompression and obtaining specimens for microbiological and histopathological evaluation was performed in both dogs. One dog partially regained function postoperatively whereas the other was euthanatized intraoperatively. Histologically, epidural steatitis was observed in the surviving dog and epidural steatitis, myonecrosis and grey and white matter changes in the spinal cord were observed in the euthanatized dog. Microbiological testing failed to identify bacteria from the affected tissues. Both cases highlight the potential for the development of extensive epidural steatitis and consequent spinal cord compression following intramuscular administration of melarsomine dihydrochloride. Further investigation into the optimal therapeutic intervention in dogs experiencing neurological complications following melarsomine administration is warranted.","PeriodicalId":443672,"journal":{"name":"VCOT Open","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128771895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract An 11-month-old intact female Golden Retriever presented for a 3- to 4-week history of right thoracic limb lameness. Computed tomography of the limb showed a sequestrum with a periosteal and endosteal reaction at the level of the nutrient foramen of the radius. Septic osteomyelitis was suspected based on cytology. Repeat examination and imaging revealed improvement in the lesion and resolution of the lameness. This lesion is similar to reports of radioulnar ischaemic necrosis, but is the first report with concurrent osteomyelitis and sequestration.
{"title":"Radioulnar Ischaemic Necrosis in a Dog with Concurrent Osteomyelitis and Bone Sequestration","authors":"T. L. Aller, K. Phillips, A. Kapatkin, K. Watson","doi":"10.1055/s-0040-1702152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1702152","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract An 11-month-old intact female Golden Retriever presented for a 3- to 4-week history of right thoracic limb lameness. Computed tomography of the limb showed a sequestrum with a periosteal and endosteal reaction at the level of the nutrient foramen of the radius. Septic osteomyelitis was suspected based on cytology. Repeat examination and imaging revealed improvement in the lesion and resolution of the lameness. This lesion is similar to reports of radioulnar ischaemic necrosis, but is the first report with concurrent osteomyelitis and sequestration.","PeriodicalId":443672,"journal":{"name":"VCOT Open","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115084533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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