首页 > 最新文献

Applied Radiology最新文献

英文 中文
In Defense of Becoming Less Possessive 为减少占有欲辩护
IF 0.3 Q4 RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.37549/ar2931
E. Schwartz
{"title":"In Defense of Becoming Less Possessive","authors":"E. Schwartz","doi":"10.37549/ar2931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37549/ar2931","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44386,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiology","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139301384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
AI in Radiology: A Progress Report 放射学中的人工智能:进展报告
IF 0.3 Q4 RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.37549/ar2929
Pierre-Marc Jodoin
{"title":"AI in Radiology: A Progress Report","authors":"Pierre-Marc Jodoin","doi":"10.37549/ar2929","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37549/ar2929","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44386,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiology","volume":"83 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139292098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Postpartum Retroperitoneal Hemorrhage Secondary to Ovarian Artery Pseudoaneurysm 卵巢动脉假性动脉瘤继发产后腹膜后出血
IF 0.3 Q4 RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.37549/ar2941
Christopher C. Zarour, Kaitlin M. Zaki-Metias, Tima F. Tawil, Huijuan Wang, Stephen M. Seedial
{"title":"Postpartum Retroperitoneal Hemorrhage Secondary to Ovarian Artery Pseudoaneurysm","authors":"Christopher C. Zarour, Kaitlin M. Zaki-Metias, Tima F. Tawil, Huijuan Wang, Stephen M. Seedial","doi":"10.37549/ar2941","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37549/ar2941","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44386,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiology","volume":"194 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139294087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Extrauterine Adenomyoma 子宫外腺肌瘤
IF 0.3 Q4 RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.37549/ar2939
Laurence J. Spitzer
{"title":"Extrauterine Adenomyoma","authors":"Laurence J. Spitzer","doi":"10.37549/ar2939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37549/ar2939","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44386,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiology","volume":"160 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139292433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Alzheimer Disease Imaging in the Era of Anti-Amyloid Treatment 抗淀粉样蛋白治疗时代的阿尔茨海默病成像
Q4 RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.37549/ar2918
Suzie Bash, Lawrence N. Tanenbaum
The landscape of diagnostic evaluation and treatment of Alzheimer disease (AD) is rapidly changing. While there is still no cure for AD, recent developments are bringing increased hope to the millions of Americans suffering from this progressively debilitating condition. Here we offer an overview of recent regulatory, treatment, and imaging developments that promise to significantly impact AD patients, their families, their physicians, and neuroimaging specialists. An estimated 6.7 million Americans suffer from AD, which doubles in prevalence every five years after the age of 65.1,2 One in three seniors will die of dementia.1 Since 2000, death from heart disease has decreased by 7%, but death from AD has increased by 145%.1 Conventional and quantitative brain MRI, as well as fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG), amyloid, and tau PET are utilized in the evaluation and clinical care pathway for dementia patients (Figures 1-4). With the recent emergence of disease-modifying therapies (DMT) for AD, neuroradiologists will play a critical role in the detection and characterization of treatment-related complications.
{"title":"Alzheimer Disease Imaging in the Era of Anti-Amyloid Treatment","authors":"Suzie Bash, Lawrence N. Tanenbaum","doi":"10.37549/ar2918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37549/ar2918","url":null,"abstract":"The landscape of diagnostic evaluation and treatment of Alzheimer disease (AD) is rapidly changing. While there is still no cure for AD, recent developments are bringing increased hope to the millions of Americans suffering from this progressively debilitating condition. Here we offer an overview of recent regulatory, treatment, and imaging developments that promise to significantly impact AD patients, their families, their physicians, and neuroimaging specialists. An estimated 6.7 million Americans suffer from AD, which doubles in prevalence every five years after the age of 65.1,2 One in three seniors will die of dementia.1 Since 2000, death from heart disease has decreased by 7%, but death from AD has increased by 145%.1 Conventional and quantitative brain MRI, as well as fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG), amyloid, and tau PET are utilized in the evaluation and clinical care pathway for dementia patients (Figures 1-4). With the recent emergence of disease-modifying therapies (DMT) for AD, neuroradiologists will play a critical role in the detection and characterization of treatment-related complications.","PeriodicalId":44386,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiology","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135637553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Guide to the Fellowship Match 奖学金比赛指南
Q4 RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.37549/ar2920
Yasha Parikh Gupta
{"title":"A Guide to the Fellowship Match","authors":"Yasha Parikh Gupta","doi":"10.37549/ar2920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37549/ar2920","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44386,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiology","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135637558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Meeting the Need for Breast Imaging Training in Tanzania 满足坦桑尼亚乳房成像培训的需要
Q4 RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.37549/ar2921
Toma S. Omofoye, Zuhura Nkurumbih, Frank J. Minja
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in sub-Saharan Africa and a major cause of cancer mortality among women in Tanzania, second only to cervical cancer.1,2 The fiveyear survival rate of breast cancer in Tanzania is 45%, compared to 90% in the United States.3 In Tanzania, 80% of cases are diagnosed at later stages (III or IV), compared to only 35% in the United States.2-5 Furthermore, breast cancer incidence and mortality in Tanzania are projected to increase by 80% by 2030.2 Improving breast cancer mortality requires early detection, accurate diagnosis and staging, and tissue sampling to determine receptor status and guide chemotherapy. Multiple barriers delay the presentation of breast cancer patients in in Tanzania. These include a lack of basic knowledge and awareness, stigma associated with the disease, and financial and local healthcare system barriers.5 Local barriers, such as limited access to diagnostic services, a lack of trained personnel able to recognize early signs of breast cancer, and broken referral pathways, Meeting the Need for Breast Imaging Training in Tanzania
{"title":"Meeting the Need for Breast Imaging Training in Tanzania","authors":"Toma S. Omofoye, Zuhura Nkurumbih, Frank J. Minja","doi":"10.37549/ar2921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37549/ar2921","url":null,"abstract":"Breast cancer is the most common cancer in sub-Saharan Africa and a major cause of cancer mortality among women in Tanzania, second only to cervical cancer.1,2 The fiveyear survival rate of breast cancer in Tanzania is 45%, compared to 90% in the United States.3 In Tanzania, 80% of cases are diagnosed at later stages (III or IV), compared to only 35% in the United States.2-5 Furthermore, breast cancer incidence and mortality in Tanzania are projected to increase by 80% by 2030.2 Improving breast cancer mortality requires early detection, accurate diagnosis and staging, and tissue sampling to determine receptor status and guide chemotherapy. Multiple barriers delay the presentation of breast cancer patients in in Tanzania. These include a lack of basic knowledge and awareness, stigma associated with the disease, and financial and local healthcare system barriers.5 Local barriers, such as limited access to diagnostic services, a lack of trained personnel able to recognize early signs of breast cancer, and broken referral pathways, Meeting the Need for Breast Imaging Training in Tanzania","PeriodicalId":44386,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiology","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135637559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Congenital Pulmonary Airway Malformation 先天性肺气道畸形
Q4 RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.37549/ar2924
Erica Li, Richard B. Towbin, Carrie M. Schaefer, Alexander J. Towbin
Congenital pulmonary airway malformations (CPAM) refer to an unusual lesion of the pulmonary airways which combines features of hamartoma malformation and dysplastic proliferation. CPAM includes cystic pulmonary airway malformations, bronchopulmonary sequestration, bronchogenic cysts, hybrid lesions and lobar/segmental emphysema causing respiratory distress in 20-40% of affected babies in the postnatal period. The remaining cases continue asymptomatic or develop symptoms later in life such as chest infections. Most CPAM can be detected on the 20-week antenatal ultrasound increasing the diagnostic yield if MRI is utilized. Children with symptoms early in life are managed with surgery. The management of asymptomatic CPAM is a source of controversy in the literature. CPAM is classified 0 to IV. Type 0 is very rare described as acinar aplasia or agenesis and incompatible with life. Type I the most common is primarily macrocystic with large single or multiple cysts several centimeters in size. Type II is microcystic and associated with other anomalies. Type III appears more solid or with very small cysts similar to immature lungs without bronchi. Type IV originates from the acinus and present with small cysts on the periphery of the lung lobes. Once a cystic lesion is detected in antenatal ultrasound, the location, volume, size, macrocystic or microcystic classification and blood supply should be evaluated. CPAM volume to head circumference ratio (CVR) greater than 1.6 results in fetal demise in about 80% of cases without fetal intervention. CVR < 1.6 will often not continue to grow past the 28th week of gestation. The reasons used to remove asymptomatic lesions in the first year of life include the rate of empyema, abscess, recurrent pneumonia, air leak, pneumothorax and malignancy. Almost 25% of asymptomatic children show histologic evidence of infection. CPAM have a long-term risk of malignancy. Multiple courses of antenatal betamethasone for high-risk fetal CPAM often results in favorable short-term outcomes without the need for open fetal resection.
{"title":"Congenital Pulmonary Airway Malformation","authors":"Erica Li, Richard B. Towbin, Carrie M. Schaefer, Alexander J. Towbin","doi":"10.37549/ar2924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37549/ar2924","url":null,"abstract":"Congenital pulmonary airway malformations (CPAM) refer to an unusual lesion of the pulmonary airways which combines features of hamartoma malformation and dysplastic proliferation. CPAM includes cystic pulmonary airway malformations, bronchopulmonary sequestration, bronchogenic cysts, hybrid lesions and lobar/segmental emphysema causing respiratory distress in 20-40% of affected babies in the postnatal period. The remaining cases continue asymptomatic or develop symptoms later in life such as chest infections. Most CPAM can be detected on the 20-week antenatal ultrasound increasing the diagnostic yield if MRI is utilized. Children with symptoms early in life are managed with surgery. The management of asymptomatic CPAM is a source of controversy in the literature. CPAM is classified 0 to IV. Type 0 is very rare described as acinar aplasia or agenesis and incompatible with life. Type I the most common is primarily macrocystic with large single or multiple cysts several centimeters in size. Type II is microcystic and associated with other anomalies. Type III appears more solid or with very small cysts similar to immature lungs without bronchi. Type IV originates from the acinus and present with small cysts on the periphery of the lung lobes. Once a cystic lesion is detected in antenatal ultrasound, the location, volume, size, macrocystic or microcystic classification and blood supply should be evaluated. CPAM volume to head circumference ratio (CVR) greater than 1.6 results in fetal demise in about 80% of cases without fetal intervention. CVR < 1.6 will often not continue to grow past the 28th week of gestation. The reasons used to remove asymptomatic lesions in the first year of life include the rate of empyema, abscess, recurrent pneumonia, air leak, pneumothorax and malignancy. Almost 25% of asymptomatic children show histologic evidence of infection. CPAM have a long-term risk of malignancy. Multiple courses of antenatal betamethasone for high-risk fetal CPAM often results in favorable short-term outcomes without the need for open fetal resection.","PeriodicalId":44386,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiology","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135637781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Scope of Practice Legislation Across the US: Current Trends in Evidence, Advocacy, and Action 美国实践立法范围:证据、倡导和行动的当前趋势
Q4 RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.37549/ar2927
Joshua H. Baker, David Youmans, Kurt Schoppe, Andrew Moriarty
Scope of practice (SoP) for nonphysician providers (NPPs) has long been the subject of controversy in the medical community. This includes radiology, as evidenced by the attention focused on the topic at the 2023 Centennial Meeting of the American College of Radiology (ACR). An understanding of the issues and legislative challenges surrounding SoP is relevant to practicing radiologists and radiologists-in-training. This article aims to provide a foundational review of legislative challenges, relevant research, and other important considerations pertinent to SoP as it relates to radiology.
{"title":"Scope of Practice Legislation Across the US: Current Trends in Evidence, Advocacy, and Action","authors":"Joshua H. Baker, David Youmans, Kurt Schoppe, Andrew Moriarty","doi":"10.37549/ar2927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37549/ar2927","url":null,"abstract":"Scope of practice (SoP) for nonphysician providers (NPPs) has long been the subject of controversy in the medical community. This includes radiology, as evidenced by the attention focused on the topic at the 2023 Centennial Meeting of the American College of Radiology (ACR). An understanding of the issues and legislative challenges surrounding SoP is relevant to practicing radiologists and radiologists-in-training. This article aims to provide a foundational review of legislative challenges, relevant research, and other important considerations pertinent to SoP as it relates to radiology.","PeriodicalId":44386,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiology","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135637787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Bilateral Germ Cell Neoplasia In Situ with Left Testicular Seminom 左侧睾丸精原体双侧原位生殖细胞瘤
Q4 RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.37549/ar2922
James Hwang, Lauren F. Alexander
An adult presented to the urology clinic with persistent scrotal pain approximately four months after emergency evaluation for a traumatic scrotal injury. The clinical exam revealed a nontender right testis with a hydrocele and a normal-size left testis with a barely palpable mass. The patient’s alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level was 2.3 ng/mL and beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (b-HCG) level was <0.6 IU/L, both within normal range.
{"title":"Bilateral Germ Cell Neoplasia In Situ with Left Testicular Seminom","authors":"James Hwang, Lauren F. Alexander","doi":"10.37549/ar2922","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37549/ar2922","url":null,"abstract":"An adult presented to the urology clinic with persistent scrotal pain approximately four months after emergency evaluation for a traumatic scrotal injury. The clinical exam revealed a nontender right testis with a hydrocele and a normal-size left testis with a barely palpable mass. The patient’s alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level was 2.3 ng/mL and beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (b-HCG) level was <0.6 IU/L, both within normal range.","PeriodicalId":44386,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiology","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135637772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Applied Radiology
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1