Interleukin-17 (IL-17A) is a critical cytokine for immune defence against extracellular bacterial and fungal infections. Excess production during chronic inflammation has been associated with many inflammatory and autoimmune disorders. On the other hand, the inducible expression of many cytokine genes is regulated by the receptor-activated intracellular signaling pathways, including the JNK pathway, and different epigenetic mechanisms, including histone deacetylation by HDACs. We investigated the comparative effect of the HDACs inhibitor Suberoylanilide Hydroxamic Acid (SAHA) and an inhibitor of the JNK signaling pathway in the regulation of the inducible IL-17 expression at the mRNA level in PBMCs from healthy donors. For the detection of IL-17 mRNA transcripts was used qRT-PCR. We detected significantly increased levels of IL-17mRNA under the stimulation of the PBMC cultures with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or C3 binding glycoprotein (C3bgp) in the presence of an inhibitor of the JNK transduction pathway. The inhibition of the JNK signaling pathway leads to the upregulation of the expression of IL-17mRNA. SAHA did not demonstrate a significant effect on the IL-17mRNA transcription compared to the inhibitor of the JNK pathway. In conclusion, we suppose that the synthesis of IL-17 mRNA is regulated by both the JNK transduction pathway and HDAC activity, but with different effects.
{"title":"EFFECT OF SAHA AND C-JUN N-TERMINAL KINASE INHIBITOR ON THE INDUCIBLE MRNA EXPRESSION OF INTERLEUKIN-17","authors":"Boncho Grigorov, Magdalena Platikanova, Zlatka Dobreva, Antonia Grigorova, Spaska Stanilova","doi":"10.5272/jimab.2023293.5108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5272/jimab.2023293.5108","url":null,"abstract":"Interleukin-17 (IL-17A) is a critical cytokine for immune defence against extracellular bacterial and fungal infections. Excess production during chronic inflammation has been associated with many inflammatory and autoimmune disorders. On the other hand, the inducible expression of many cytokine genes is regulated by the receptor-activated intracellular signaling pathways, including the JNK pathway, and different epigenetic mechanisms, including histone deacetylation by HDACs. We investigated the comparative effect of the HDACs inhibitor Suberoylanilide Hydroxamic Acid (SAHA) and an inhibitor of the JNK signaling pathway in the regulation of the inducible IL-17 expression at the mRNA level in PBMCs from healthy donors. For the detection of IL-17 mRNA transcripts was used qRT-PCR. We detected significantly increased levels of IL-17mRNA under the stimulation of the PBMC cultures with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or C3 binding glycoprotein (C3bgp) in the presence of an inhibitor of the JNK transduction pathway. The inhibition of the JNK signaling pathway leads to the upregulation of the expression of IL-17mRNA. SAHA did not demonstrate a significant effect on the IL-17mRNA transcription compared to the inhibitor of the JNK pathway. In conclusion, we suppose that the synthesis of IL-17 mRNA is regulated by both the JNK transduction pathway and HDAC activity, but with different effects.","PeriodicalId":44393,"journal":{"name":"Journal of IMAB","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135014472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-18DOI: 10.5272/jimab.2023293.5103
Tsvetalina Gerova-Vatsova, Stefan Peev
In recent years, there has been a sharp increase in the number of chronic periodontal diseases. The problem of their widespread distribution and the need for their treatment is one of the priorities of modern dentistry. Periodontal bone defects are the result of chronic periodontitis if timely measures are not taken to stop the inflammatory process. The goal of periodontal treatment is to remove all deposits of supra- and subgingival dental plaque and calculus (containing periodontopathogens) and their plaque-retentive factors and to promote complete regeneration of the tooth-supporting structures lost up to that point. Until now, autogenous, platelet-rich plasma has been widely used in various fields of medicine. Because of the equivalent results obtained and the lower cost, in dentistry, autogenous platelet-rich plasma is increasingly the preferred material over others that have proven to be reliable over time. Summarizing the results of various authors who used autogenous platelet-rich plasma alone or in combination with other materials for the purpose of regeneration of vertical bone defects, it is clear that PRP significantly accelerates the restorative and regenerative processes in the periodontium.
{"title":"APPLICATION OF PLATELET-RICH PLASMA (PRP) FOR REGENERATION OF VERTICAL BONE DEFECTS","authors":"Tsvetalina Gerova-Vatsova, Stefan Peev","doi":"10.5272/jimab.2023293.5103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5272/jimab.2023293.5103","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, there has been a sharp increase in the number of chronic periodontal diseases. The problem of their widespread distribution and the need for their treatment is one of the priorities of modern dentistry. Periodontal bone defects are the result of chronic periodontitis if timely measures are not taken to stop the inflammatory process. The goal of periodontal treatment is to remove all deposits of supra- and subgingival dental plaque and calculus (containing periodontopathogens) and their plaque-retentive factors and to promote complete regeneration of the tooth-supporting structures lost up to that point. Until now, autogenous, platelet-rich plasma has been widely used in various fields of medicine. Because of the equivalent results obtained and the lower cost, in dentistry, autogenous platelet-rich plasma is increasingly the preferred material over others that have proven to be reliable over time. Summarizing the results of various authors who used autogenous platelet-rich plasma alone or in combination with other materials for the purpose of regeneration of vertical bone defects, it is clear that PRP significantly accelerates the restorative and regenerative processes in the periodontium.","PeriodicalId":44393,"journal":{"name":"Journal of IMAB","volume":"2011 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135153797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-12DOI: 10.5272/jimab.2023293.5094
Mariyana Stoycheva, Nikolay Vatev, Milena Karcheva
During recent four decades, the world has faced two horrific, deadly pandemics. In the background of the ongoing pandemic HIV/AIDS, the people were affected with the newly emerging Corona virus SARS-CoV-2, that rapidly turned into pandemic dimensions. There are data that, in various aspects, HIV infection was similar to SARS-CoV-2. The purpose of this review was to search for similarities and differences between both pandemics in view to use the experience of the past and knowledge we have acquired in order to better overcome current and future pandemics. Material/Methods: The iterature used is based on databases PubMed, Embase and random search on the Internet with the keywords COVID-19 and HIV, as well the Boolean operator "AND" to achieve a search of "COVID-19 and HIV". Review Results: In the present review summary, we provide data for similarities and differences regarding virological, immunologic, clinical and pharmacological aspects of HIV and SARS-CoV-2 infections and associated with them pandemics. Conclusion: SARS-CoV-2 was here and will remain here. COVID-19 is not the last pandemic, and people should be prepared for new encounters with agents of high virulence and pandemic potential.
{"title":"COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF PANDEMICS HIV/AIDS AND COVID-19","authors":"Mariyana Stoycheva, Nikolay Vatev, Milena Karcheva","doi":"10.5272/jimab.2023293.5094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5272/jimab.2023293.5094","url":null,"abstract":"During recent four decades, the world has faced two horrific, deadly pandemics. In the background of the ongoing pandemic HIV/AIDS, the people were affected with the newly emerging Corona virus SARS-CoV-2, that rapidly turned into pandemic dimensions. There are data that, in various aspects, HIV infection was similar to SARS-CoV-2. The purpose of this review was to search for similarities and differences between both pandemics in view to use the experience of the past and knowledge we have acquired in order to better overcome current and future pandemics. Material/Methods: The iterature used is based on databases PubMed, Embase and random search on the Internet with the keywords COVID-19 and HIV, as well the Boolean operator \"AND\" to achieve a search of \"COVID-19 and HIV\". Review Results: In the present review summary, we provide data for similarities and differences regarding virological, immunologic, clinical and pharmacological aspects of HIV and SARS-CoV-2 infections and associated with them pandemics. Conclusion: SARS-CoV-2 was here and will remain here. COVID-19 is not the last pandemic, and people should be prepared for new encounters with agents of high virulence and pandemic potential.","PeriodicalId":44393,"journal":{"name":"Journal of IMAB","volume":"524 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135830268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) provides HIV-infected people life expectancy comparable with HIV-uninfected people and turns the disease into a manageable chronic condition necessitating the need for innovative inflammatory markers. Our purpose was to determine the correlation between IL-6, D-dimer and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels among HIV-infected and the presence of chronic inflammation during general and immunological aging and drug exposure. Material and methods: Comparative prospective study was conducted at 37 HIV-positive persons from the Center for Monitoring and Treatment of HIV-positive Patients at the Clinic for Infectious Diseases, UMBAL “Dr. G. Stranski” – Pleven (target group) and 18 HIV-negative individuals from outpatient practice (control group), aged ≥18 years. Results: The median age of seropositive persons was 40 years (24÷70 years), of the control group – 51 years (29÷72 years); 78% of the target group and 61% of the controls are men. The average duration of ART is 4 years (1÷9 years). The study of specified biomarkers in the target group found increased IL-6 in 8.11% of patients (mean 3.67±1.86 pg/mL; range 1.5÷8.62; 95% CI 3.11-5.02), increased D-dimer in 8.11% (mean 0.37±0.28 µg/mL; 0.21÷1.96; 95% CI 0.3691-0.37459) and increased hsCRP in 10.81% (mean 2.10±1.99 µg/mL; 0.19÷7.0; 95% CI 1.89-2.31). In the control group IL-6 was not increased (mean 2.75±1.67 pg/mL; 1.5÷6.91), D-dimer was increased in 16.67% (mean 0.37±0.17 µg/mL; 0.09÷0.8) and increased hsCRP – in 5.56% (mean 1.76±1.75 µg/mL; 0.19÷5.66). Il-6 was significantly higher in the target group. Conclusion: The implementation of sensitive biomarkers is crucial in the general diagnostic-therapeutic approach in aging with HIV.
抗逆转录病毒联合疗法(cART)使艾滋病毒感染者的预期寿命与未感染艾滋病毒的人相当，并将该疾病转变为可控制的慢性疾病，因此需要创新的炎症标志物。我们的目的是确定IL-6、d -二聚体和高敏感性c反应蛋白(hsCRP)水平与hiv感染者在一般和免疫老化和药物暴露期间慢性炎症的存在之间的相关性。材料和方法:比较前瞻性研究对来自UMBAL“Dr. G. Stranski”- Pleven传染病诊所hiv阳性患者监测和治疗中心的37名hiv阳性患者(目标组)和来自门诊的18名hiv阴性患者(对照组)进行了研究，年龄≥18岁。结果:血清阳性患者中位年龄为40岁(24÷70岁)，对照组中位年龄为51岁(29÷72岁);78%的目标人群和61%的对照组是男性。ART的平均持续时间为4年(1÷9年)。靶组特定生物标志物的研究发现，8.11%的患者IL-6升高(平均3.67±1.86 pg/mL;范围1.5÷8.62;95% CI 3.11-5.02)， d -二聚体增加8.11%(平均0.37±0.28µg/mL;0.21÷1.96;95% CI 0.3691-0.37459)， hsCRP升高10.81%(平均2.10±1.99µg/mL;0.19÷7.0;95% ci 1.89-2.31)。对照组IL-6未升高(平均2.75±1.67 pg/mL;1.5÷6.91)， d -二聚体增加16.67%(平均0.37±0.17µg/mL;0.09÷0.8)， hsCRP -升高5.56%(平均1.76±1.75µg/mL;0.19÷5.66)。靶组Il-6明显升高。结论:采用敏感的生物标志物对老年艾滋病患者的诊断和治疗至关重要。
{"title":"IL-6, D-DIMER AND HIGH-SENSITIVITY C-REACTIVE PROTEIN IN HIV INFECTION – PRELIMINARY STUDY","authors":"Ivaylo Pakov, Adelaida Ruseva, Irena Gencheva, Tsetsa Doichinova, Milena Karcheva, Kalina Terzieva, Lyudmila Pakova, Biserka Vasileva, Galya Gancheva","doi":"10.5272/jimab.2023293.5099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5272/jimab.2023293.5099","url":null,"abstract":"Combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) provides HIV-infected people life expectancy comparable with HIV-uninfected people and turns the disease into a manageable chronic condition necessitating the need for innovative inflammatory markers. Our purpose was to determine the correlation between IL-6, D-dimer and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels among HIV-infected and the presence of chronic inflammation during general and immunological aging and drug exposure. Material and methods: Comparative prospective study was conducted at 37 HIV-positive persons from the Center for Monitoring and Treatment of HIV-positive Patients at the Clinic for Infectious Diseases, UMBAL “Dr. G. Stranski” – Pleven (target group) and 18 HIV-negative individuals from outpatient practice (control group), aged ≥18 years. Results: The median age of seropositive persons was 40 years (24÷70 years), of the control group – 51 years (29÷72 years); 78% of the target group and 61% of the controls are men. The average duration of ART is 4 years (1÷9 years). The study of specified biomarkers in the target group found increased IL-6 in 8.11% of patients (mean 3.67±1.86 pg/mL; range 1.5÷8.62; 95% CI 3.11-5.02), increased D-dimer in 8.11% (mean 0.37±0.28 µg/mL; 0.21÷1.96; 95% CI 0.3691-0.37459) and increased hsCRP in 10.81% (mean 2.10±1.99 µg/mL; 0.19÷7.0; 95% CI 1.89-2.31). In the control group IL-6 was not increased (mean 2.75±1.67 pg/mL; 1.5÷6.91), D-dimer was increased in 16.67% (mean 0.37±0.17 µg/mL; 0.09÷0.8) and increased hsCRP – in 5.56% (mean 1.76±1.75 µg/mL; 0.19÷5.66). Il-6 was significantly higher in the target group. Conclusion: The implementation of sensitive biomarkers is crucial in the general diagnostic-therapeutic approach in aging with HIV.","PeriodicalId":44393,"journal":{"name":"Journal of IMAB","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135827011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-11DOI: 10.5272/jimab.2023293.5089
Tatyana Telbizova, Svetlin Varbanov
The way a person perceives and interprets the situation during pain provokes a variety of emotional and behavioral responses. Aim: The aim of the study was to analyze the assessment of the situation during pain by patients with chronic pain. Materials and methods: A sample of 120 patients with chronic pain was studied. Sixty-one of them had clinically manifested symptoms of depression, and fifty-nine had no depression. The patients were evaluated using the following scales: HAM-D-17, Spielberger questionnaire – STAI – form Y1 and form Y2 and VAS. A model of four situations was applied to assess the situation during pain: unique, risky, routine and situation of uncertainty. Results: The mean age of the sample was 51.90±11.94. Women predominate (81.7%) over men (18.3%). The group with depression had moderate severity of depression and pain intensity and high state and trait anxiety. A majority of them (48.4%) assessed the situation during pain as a risk and/or an uncertainty. The group without depression had moderate state and trait anxiety and mild pain intensity. More than half of them (62.7%) assessed the situation as routine. Conclusion: Depression and anxiety affect the perceived situation during pain. Assessing and understanding the specific links between them is essential for forming adaptive ways of coping with chronic pain.
{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF THE SITUATION DURING PAIN BY PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC PAIN","authors":"Tatyana Telbizova, Svetlin Varbanov","doi":"10.5272/jimab.2023293.5089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5272/jimab.2023293.5089","url":null,"abstract":"The way a person perceives and interprets the situation during pain provokes a variety of emotional and behavioral responses. Aim: The aim of the study was to analyze the assessment of the situation during pain by patients with chronic pain. Materials and methods: A sample of 120 patients with chronic pain was studied. Sixty-one of them had clinically manifested symptoms of depression, and fifty-nine had no depression. The patients were evaluated using the following scales: HAM-D-17, Spielberger questionnaire – STAI – form Y1 and form Y2 and VAS. A model of four situations was applied to assess the situation during pain: unique, risky, routine and situation of uncertainty. Results: The mean age of the sample was 51.90±11.94. Women predominate (81.7%) over men (18.3%). The group with depression had moderate severity of depression and pain intensity and high state and trait anxiety. A majority of them (48.4%) assessed the situation during pain as a risk and/or an uncertainty. The group without depression had moderate state and trait anxiety and mild pain intensity. More than half of them (62.7%) assessed the situation as routine. Conclusion: Depression and anxiety affect the perceived situation during pain. Assessing and understanding the specific links between them is essential for forming adaptive ways of coping with chronic pain.","PeriodicalId":44393,"journal":{"name":"Journal of IMAB","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135982424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-08DOI: 10.5272/jimab.2023293.5085
Svilen Lazarov, Nikolay Lazaro
Purpose: To study the methods of delivery, vaginal or with Caesarean section (CS), in women with multiple pregnancy (MP), according to the method of conception: spontaneous or assisted reproductive techniques (ART). Material/Methods: Data on the method of delivery were analyzed for a total of 356 women with MP, 261 of which were after spontaneous conception and 95 after ART/IVF conception Results: Out of a total of 261 women with MP after spontaneous conception, 87 ended up with a normal (vaginal) delivery (33.3%) and 174 (66.7%) by Caesarean section (CS). A total of 95 MP after ART, 100% were delivered with CS. Conclusions: Among women with multiple pregnancy after spontaneous conception, Caesarean section delivery predominates. All women with MP after ART gave birth by Cesarean section delivery (100%). Among women with MP and vaginal delivery, 80% delivered after Oxytocin induction. The most common indication for Caesarean section in spontaneous MP was malpresentation of the fetus / mutual placement of the two twins (50%), followed by fetal asphyxia (33%) and other indications.
{"title":"METHOD OF DELIVERY IN MULTIPLE PREGNANCY","authors":"Svilen Lazarov, Nikolay Lazaro","doi":"10.5272/jimab.2023293.5085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5272/jimab.2023293.5085","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To study the methods of delivery, vaginal or with Caesarean section (CS), in women with multiple pregnancy (MP), according to the method of conception: spontaneous or assisted reproductive techniques (ART). Material/Methods: Data on the method of delivery were analyzed for a total of 356 women with MP, 261 of which were after spontaneous conception and 95 after ART/IVF conception Results: Out of a total of 261 women with MP after spontaneous conception, 87 ended up with a normal (vaginal) delivery (33.3%) and 174 (66.7%) by Caesarean section (CS). A total of 95 MP after ART, 100% were delivered with CS. Conclusions: Among women with multiple pregnancy after spontaneous conception, Caesarean section delivery predominates. All women with MP after ART gave birth by Cesarean section delivery (100%). Among women with MP and vaginal delivery, 80% delivered after Oxytocin induction. The most common indication for Caesarean section in spontaneous MP was malpresentation of the fetus / mutual placement of the two twins (50%), followed by fetal asphyxia (33%) and other indications.","PeriodicalId":44393,"journal":{"name":"Journal of IMAB","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136362459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-05DOI: 10.5272/jimab.2023292.4943
Magdalina Yanakieva, Maya Danovska, Emilia Ovcharova, Diana Marinova, Nicholas Shepherd
Purpose: To present a clinical case of tumefactive multiple sclerosis (TMS), which is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system considered to be a rare form of multiple sclerosis (MS). It belongs to the group of borderline forms of MS – a collective term used to define a spectrum of demyelination-associated neurological conditions that share similar clinical, neuroimaging and histopathological features but vary widely in severity, clinical course and outcome. Materials/Methods: We describe the case of a 31-year-old female who was admitted to the Neurology clinic of UMHAT “Dr Georgi Stranski” in Pleven, Bulgaria, with a rapid onset of neurological deficit including right-sided hemiparesis, dysarthria, imbalance, cognitive impairment and urinary incontinence. MRI of the brain showed several tumor-like concentric lesions of demyelination surrounded by moderate brain edema, consistent with the radiological criteria for the demyelinating disease. Results: High-dosage corticosteroids were applied intravenously for this patient as acute therapy. A progressive improvement in the patient was achieved after the extended pulse corticosteroid therapy in combination with physiotherapy. Glatiramer acetate as a disease-modifying treatment was initiated within three months and had substantial efficacy. Conclusions: The diagnosis of TMS is always difficult and requires not only complex clinical and neuroimaging investigations but also an extensive follow-up of the patient. It is believed that TMS usually has a progressive course and an unfavorable outcome, but a relapsing-remitting course of TMS, albeit rare, is also possible. Our case report confirms that such benign variants of TMS exist. We believe that highlighting such complex clinical cases will contribute to a better understanding of the mystery of MS.
目的:报告一例肿瘤性多发性硬化症(TMS)的临床病例，TMS是一种罕见的多发性硬化症(MS)，是一种中枢神经系统的炎症性脱髓鞘疾病。它属于多发性硬化症的边缘形式——一个用于定义脱髓鞘相关的神经系统疾病的统称，这些疾病具有相似的临床、神经影像学和组织病理学特征，但在严重程度、临床过程和结果上差异很大。材料/方法:我们描述了一名31岁女性的病例，她被保加利亚普列文UMHAT“Dr Georgi Stranski”的神经病学诊所收治，患有快速发作的神经功能障碍，包括右侧偏瘫、构音障碍、失衡、认知障碍和尿失禁。脑部MRI显示数个肿瘤样同心脱髓鞘病变，周围为中度脑水肿，符合脱髓鞘病的放射学标准。结果:大剂量皮质类固醇经静脉注射作为急性治疗。在延长脉冲皮质类固醇治疗与物理治疗相结合后，患者取得了进行性改善。醋酸格拉替默作为一种疾病改善治疗在3个月内开始，并有实质性的疗效。结论:经颅磁刺激的诊断一直很困难，不仅需要复杂的临床和神经影像学检查，还需要对患者进行广泛的随访。据信经颅磁刺激通常有一个进行性过程和一个不利的结果，但经颅磁刺激的复发缓解过程，尽管罕见，也是可能的。我们的病例报告证实了这种良性TMS变异的存在。我们相信，突出这些复杂的临床病例将有助于更好地了解MS的奥秘。
{"title":"TUMEFACTIVE MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS: A DIAGNOSTIC ENIGMA. A CASE REPORT","authors":"Magdalina Yanakieva, Maya Danovska, Emilia Ovcharova, Diana Marinova, Nicholas Shepherd","doi":"10.5272/jimab.2023292.4943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5272/jimab.2023292.4943","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To present a clinical case of tumefactive multiple sclerosis (TMS), which is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system considered to be a rare form of multiple sclerosis (MS). It belongs to the group of borderline forms of MS – a collective term used to define a spectrum of demyelination-associated neurological conditions that share similar clinical, neuroimaging and histopathological features but vary widely in severity, clinical course and outcome. Materials/Methods: We describe the case of a 31-year-old female who was admitted to the Neurology clinic of UMHAT “Dr Georgi Stranski” in Pleven, Bulgaria, with a rapid onset of neurological deficit including right-sided hemiparesis, dysarthria, imbalance, cognitive impairment and urinary incontinence. MRI of the brain showed several tumor-like concentric lesions of demyelination surrounded by moderate brain edema, consistent with the radiological criteria for the demyelinating disease. Results: High-dosage corticosteroids were applied intravenously for this patient as acute therapy. A progressive improvement in the patient was achieved after the extended pulse corticosteroid therapy in combination with physiotherapy. Glatiramer acetate as a disease-modifying treatment was initiated within three months and had substantial efficacy. Conclusions: The diagnosis of TMS is always difficult and requires not only complex clinical and neuroimaging investigations but also an extensive follow-up of the patient. It is believed that TMS usually has a progressive course and an unfavorable outcome, but a relapsing-remitting course of TMS, albeit rare, is also possible. Our case report confirms that such benign variants of TMS exist. We believe that highlighting such complex clinical cases will contribute to a better understanding of the mystery of MS.","PeriodicalId":44393,"journal":{"name":"Journal of IMAB","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135658755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-30DOI: 10.5272/jimab.2023292.4939
Mariya Dimitrova, Angelina Vlahova, Rada Kazakova, Bozhana Chuchulska, Magdalina Urumova
Background: Patients who cannot afford more expensive prosthetic restorations, such as implant-supported fixed prostheses, prefer removable dentures. Removable dentures have been manufactured with different types of acrylics, including conventional polymer polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and the popular nowadays three–dimensional(3D) printed resins. Water sorption and water solubility often occur because these prosthetic restorations are constantly immersed in saliva and always have interactions with oral fluids. Review results: Alternating processes of imbibition and drying of acrylics lead to internal stresses and fatigue. As a result, dental resins undergo significant dimensional changes. The water diffuses into the dental resin and inflicts a gradual expansion and volume increase, which may cause aging of the material and discomfort during masticatory function. Denture base resins have low water solubility, which results from the leaching out of unreacted monomer and soluble additives into the oral cavity. This is an undesired property and may cause soft tissue reactions. Conclusion: The affinity of dental resins for water degrades their mechanical and physical properties and causes dimensional changes in the denture base, which results in internal stresses that have a negative impact on the denture's long-term success.
{"title":"WATER SORPTION AND WATER SOLUBILITY OF 3D PRINTED AND CONVENTIONAL PMMA DENTURE BASE POLYMERS","authors":"Mariya Dimitrova, Angelina Vlahova, Rada Kazakova, Bozhana Chuchulska, Magdalina Urumova","doi":"10.5272/jimab.2023292.4939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5272/jimab.2023292.4939","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Patients who cannot afford more expensive prosthetic restorations, such as implant-supported fixed prostheses, prefer removable dentures. Removable dentures have been manufactured with different types of acrylics, including conventional polymer polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and the popular nowadays three–dimensional(3D) printed resins. Water sorption and water solubility often occur because these prosthetic restorations are constantly immersed in saliva and always have interactions with oral fluids. Review results: Alternating processes of imbibition and drying of acrylics lead to internal stresses and fatigue. As a result, dental resins undergo significant dimensional changes. The water diffuses into the dental resin and inflicts a gradual expansion and volume increase, which may cause aging of the material and discomfort during masticatory function. Denture base resins have low water solubility, which results from the leaching out of unreacted monomer and soluble additives into the oral cavity. This is an undesired property and may cause soft tissue reactions. Conclusion: The affinity of dental resins for water degrades their mechanical and physical properties and causes dimensional changes in the denture base, which results in internal stresses that have a negative impact on the denture's long-term success.","PeriodicalId":44393,"journal":{"name":"Journal of IMAB","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135643360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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