Health Behavior and Policy Review最新文献_第5页

Implementation and Evaluation of a Social Marketing Campaign to Deter Hookah Smoking on a College Campus 防止大学校园内吸水烟的社会营销活动的实施与评价

IF 0.8 Q3 Social Sciences

Health Behavior and Policy Review

Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.14485/hbpr.9.4.5

M. Martinasek, Leila Martini, R. McDermott

Objective: For the past 2 decades, smoking from a hookah or waterpipe has been an evolving negative health behavior in the United States among college students, in part, because students have misconceptions about the potential risks involved with this practice. Methods: For this study, we used formative research to inform a college campus-based social marketing campaign to deter hookah smoking. This paper reports on the development and implementation of the social marketing campaign, with a key focus on the evaluation of behavior change using stages of change. Results: Overall, 828 of 1500 randomly selected students who were contacted responded to a survey following implementation of the campaign. The primary hookah message was recalled by 75% of students and key words describing it were ones included in message intent. The campaign also elicited students to change their social behaviors so as not to include hookah smoking or peers who smoked a hookah. Conclusions: Social marketing showed promise in getting some college students to reduce their exposure to hookah smoking. Messages became more relatable to the target audience through pretesting and formative research. Social marketing campaigns can influence college students to reduce personal use and deter exposure to hookah smoking.

目的：在过去的20年里，在美国大学生中，从水烟或水管中吸烟一直是一种不断演变的负面健康行为，部分原因是学生对这种做法的潜在风险存在误解。方法：在这项研究中，我们使用形成性研究来为一项基于大学校园的社会营销活动提供信息，以阻止水烟的吸烟。本文报告了社会营销活动的发展和实施，重点是使用变化阶段来评估行为变化。结果：总体而言，在1500名随机选择的学生中，828人在活动实施后对调查做出了回应。75%的学生回忆起了主要的水烟信息，描述它的关键词包括在信息意图中。该运动还促使学生改变他们的社交行为，以免包括抽水烟或抽水烟的同龄人。结论：社会营销在让一些大学生减少接触水烟方面显示出了希望。通过预测试和形成性研究，信息与目标受众的相关性更强。社会营销活动可以影响大学生减少个人使用水烟，并阻止他们接触水烟。

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引用次数: 0

Educational Discrimination of Honor Culture Men and the Impact of Sports, Key Demographics, and Affiliations 荣誉文化男性的教育歧视与体育的影响，关键人口统计和隶属关系

IF 0.8 Q3 Social Sciences

Health Behavior and Policy Review

Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.14485/hbpr.9.4.4

Rebecca S. Merkin, Sigmund C. Shipp

Objective: We identified predictors of educational discrimination among all races with a particular focus on the understudied white male population that has a lower socioeconomic status (SES). Methods: Employment of Bourdieu’s cultural capital theoretical framework, HSLS data, and hierarchical regression modeling, underlie this study that explored predictors of educational discrimination. Results: Playing sports does not impact experiences with educational discrimination. The higher the SES, the less likely people are discriminated against overall (r = -.20; p < .001) and in honor cultures (r = -.30; p < .001), but not in non-honor cultures. One versus 2-parent homes, and the number of children a respondent has had no impact on perceived discrimination. Across all models, black, LatinX, and students of other races experience greater educational discrimination than their white peers. Members of all races in honor cultures experience educational discrimination. However, this relationship is also moderated by SES in that lower income white honor culture males experience greater educational discrimination than their higher income counterparts. Conclusions: Findings indicate that low SES is prominent in educational discrimination; consequently, inclusion programs to increase educational opportunities, as identified in Healthy People 2030, to help children and adolescents do well in school are warranted.

目的:我们确定了所有种族中教育歧视的预测因素，并特别关注了社会经济地位较低的白人男性人口。方法:运用Bourdieu的文化资本理论框架、HSLS数据和层次回归模型，探讨教育歧视的预测因素。结果:运动不影响教育歧视的体验。社会经济地位越高，人们受到歧视的可能性就越小(r = - 0.20;P < 0.001)和荣誉文化(r = - 0.30;P < 0.001)，但在非荣誉文化中没有。单亲家庭与双亲家庭，以及受访者子女的数量对感知到的歧视没有影响。在所有模型中，黑人、拉丁裔和其他种族的学生比他们的白人同龄人经历了更大的教育歧视。在荣誉文化中，所有种族的成员都受到教育歧视。然而，这种关系也受到社会经济地位的调节，即低收入白人荣誉文化男性比高收入男性经历更大的教育歧视。结论:低社会经济地位在教育歧视中表现突出;因此，如《2030年健康人口》所确定的那样，有必要实施包容性方案，增加教育机会，帮助儿童和青少年在学校取得好成绩。

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引用次数: 0

Adolescents' Nicotine/Tobacco Dependency Symptoms Using 4 Waves of PATH Data. 使用4波PATH数据的青少年尼古丁/烟草依赖症状

IF 0.8 Q3 Social Sciences

Health Behavior and Policy Review

Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.14485/hbpr.9.4.6

Carol J Boyd, Sean Esteban McCabe, Rebecca J Evans-Polce, Terri Voepel-Lewis, Clayton Shuman, Philip Veliz

Objective: We aimed to characterize male and female adolescents' use of e-cigarettes, cigarettes and dual use, and seven symptoms of nicotine/tobacco dependence using four waves of national data from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study.

Methods: The analytic sample included 2902 adolescents 12-17 years who indicated past 30-day e-cigarette or cigarette use at least once between 2013-2018. Items from the Wisconsin Inventory of Smoking Dependence Motives (WISDM-68) were used to report dependence symptoms.

Results: Compared to cigarette users, exclusive e-cigarette users reported fewer symptoms of nicotine dependency. There were no differences between males and females and the odds of any reported dependency symptom. Among cigarette only users, the odds of indicating that their tobacco use helps them think better (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.38, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.08, 5.23) and wanting tobacco after waking up (AOR = 5.50, 95% CI = 1.10, 27.5) was higher among females when compared to males.

Conclusions: The current study extends earlier findings regarding subgroup differences in nicotine/tobacco dependency symptoms participating in the PATH Study and highlights the importance of identifying nicotine/tobacco dependency symptoms when counseling adolescent males and females.

目的:我们旨在利用烟草与健康人口评估(PATH)研究的四波国家数据，描述男性和女性青少年使用电子烟、卷烟和双重使用以及尼古丁/烟草依赖的七种症状。方法:分析样本包括2902名12-17岁的青少年，他们在2013-2018年期间至少使用过一次电子烟或卷烟30天。使用威斯康辛州吸烟依赖动机量表(WISDM-68)中的条目来报告依赖症状。结果:与卷烟使用者相比，纯电子烟使用者报告的尼古丁依赖症状较少。男性和女性之间没有差异，任何报告的依赖症状的几率也没有差异。在只吸烟的人群中，表明吸烟有助于他们更好地思考的几率(调整优势比(AOR) = 2.38, 95%可信区间(CI) = 1.08, 5.23)和醒来后想要吸烟的几率(AOR = 5.50, 95% CI = 1.10, 27.5)在女性中高于男性。结论:目前的研究扩展了早期关于参与PATH研究的尼古丁/烟草依赖症状亚组差异的发现，并强调了在咨询青少年男性和女性时识别尼古丁/烟草依赖症状的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Engaging Youth in Substance Misuse Prevention within State Prevention Systems: Provider Perspectives. 在国家预防系统内从事青少年药物滥用预防:提供者的观点。

IF 0.8 Q3 Social Sciences

Health Behavior and Policy Review

Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.14485/hbpr.9.4.2

Parissa J Ballard, Guadalupe C Hernandez, Melinda M Pankratz, Jennifer Cornacchione Ross, Kimberly G Wagoner, Justin B Moore, Elena M Vidrascu, Rebekah Lassiter, Jonna Daniel, Scott D Rhodes

Objective: Engaging youth in planning, developing, and implementing substance misuse prevention efforts can improve those efforts. However, specific local policies and systems constrain youth engagement practice. This study examines how to engage youth in substance misuse prevention within state prevention systems.

Methods: In the qualitative study, semi-structured interviews with 13 prevention providers in the North Carolina prevention system were conducted via video call and transcribed and analyzed via thematic and codebook approaches. Procedures are reported according to the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ) checklist.

Results: Providers viewed youth engagement favorably yet mostly did not differentiate between youth-targeted prevention initiatives and youth-engaged initiatives. Findings reveal how state-level decisions, such as definitions and funding policies, support and challenge how providers implement youth engagement.

Conclusions: To encourage youth engagement, state prevention systems should clarify for providers the distinction between prevention efforts targeted to youth and those that engage youth in planning and implementing and define which activities are desirable and what the role of youth should be in the activities. Finally, prevention providers need support for youth-engaged approaches to prevention, specifically training for youth and adult allies and opportunities for knowledge-sharing.

目的:让青年参与规划、发展和实施预防药物滥用的努力可以改善这些努力。然而，具体的地方政策和制度限制了青年参与实践。本研究探讨了如何在国家预防系统内使青少年参与药物滥用预防。方法:在定性研究中，通过视频电话对北卡罗来纳州预防系统的13名预防提供者进行半结构化访谈，并通过主题和代码本方法进行转录和分析。程序按照报告定性研究的综合标准(COREQ)清单进行报告。结果:提供者对青年参与持积极态度，但大多数人没有区分针对青年的预防举措和青年参与的举措。调查结果揭示了国家层面的决定，如定义和资助政策，如何支持和挑战提供者如何实施青年参与。结论:为了鼓励青年参与，国家预防系统应该向提供者澄清针对青年的预防工作与让青年参与计划和实施的预防工作之间的区别，并确定哪些活动是可取的，以及青年在活动中应该扮演什么角色。最后，预防提供者需要支持青年参与的预防方法，特别是对青年和成人盟友的培训以及知识共享的机会。

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引用次数: 1

The Economic Impact of COVID-19 and Related Coping and Resilience Strategies: The Experience of Iranian Households 2019冠状病毒病的经济影响及相关应对和复原力战略:伊朗家庭的经验

IF 0.8 Q3 Social Sciences

Health Behavior and Policy Review

Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.14485/hbpr.9.4.7

L. Zarei, Farimah Rahimi, Seyed Taghi Heydari, E. Parcham, Kamran Bagheri Lankarania

Objective: The health or livelihood paradox has become a significant issue due to the adverse effects of COVID-19 disease on the lives of millions of people in the world. In this study, we aimed to investigate the economic impacts resulting from the pandemic on Iranian households and their coping strategies and resilience. Methods: We recruited Iranian people > 18 years of age to complete a cross-sectional online survey from May 1 to June 20, 2020 (670 participants). It dealt with socio-economic and demographic features, exposure and death due to COVID-19, businesses influenced by COVID-19, household economic status after the pandemic, and coping and resilience strategies. Results: The most applied financial coping strategies were receiving loans or credits, decreasing household consumption, and selling assets and livelihoods, respectively. Half of households had already lost their income due to COVID-19-related job losses or its direct costs. Normalization of the economic situation would take more than 2 years for 8% of these households. Conclusions: The current study showed that COVID-19 economic effects could be severe and irreversible for vulnerable households. The support of policymakers, financial services providers, and private sector companies is critical in building financial resilience through the crisis and beyond.

目的：由于新冠肺炎疾病对世界上数百万人的生活造成的不利影响，健康或生计悖论已成为一个重要问题。在这项研究中，我们旨在调查疫情对伊朗家庭的经济影响，以及他们的应对策略和韧性。方法：我们招募了18岁以上的伊朗人，于2020年5月1日至6月20日完成一项横断面在线调查（670名参与者）。它涉及社会经济和人口特征、新冠肺炎造成的暴露和死亡、受新冠肺炎影响的企业、疫情后的家庭经济状况以及应对和复原策略。结果：最适用的金融应对策略分别是获得贷款或信贷、减少家庭消费、出售资产和生计。由于新冠肺炎相关的失业或其直接成本，一半的家庭已经失去了收入。对于这些家庭中的8%来说，经济状况的正常化需要2年以上的时间。结论：目前的研究表明，新冠肺炎对弱势家庭的经济影响可能是严重和不可逆转的。政策制定者、金融服务提供商和私营部门公司的支持对于在危机期间及以后建立金融韧性至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Environmental Constructs Associated with School Readiness to Implement Wellness Initiatives 与学校准备实施健康计划相关的环境建设

IF 0.8 Q3 Social Sciences

Health Behavior and Policy Review

Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.14485/hbpr.9.4.3

Emily Jones, Megan Weemer, Joseph Lee, Andrew D. Eberline, Tyler J. Kybartas

Objective: In this study, we examined school and environmental factors associated with readiness to implement school-based wellness initiatives. Methods: We used an exploratory mixed methods design to assess facilitators and barriers to school wellness policy implementation. We conducted school site visits in 8 K-12 schools in one midwestern school district. We collected quantitative and qualitative data to measure school wellness environments and readiness for change. We used a one-way ANOVA to examine associations between readiness for change and school wellness environments. We analyzed qualitative data inductively; school- and district-level themes emerged. Results: One-way ANOVA results revealed schools in the high readiness (HR) group reported more active school wellness teams than those in the low readiness (LR) group (F(1,6) = 8.442, p = .03). Qualitative data indicated that establishing local school wellness committees was an area of growth needed for all schools. Areas of need in HR schools included enhancing school wellness policy communication, leadership, and staff wellness initiatives. Areas of need in LR schools focused on providing more physical activity and wellness opportunities for students. Conclusion: Readiness for change is a promising metric that could associate with more physical activity opportunities, better wellness team function, and perhaps, wellness policy implementation.

目的：在本研究中，我们调查了与实施基于学校的健康倡议的准备程度相关的学校和环境因素。方法：我们采用探索性混合方法设计来评估学校健康政策实施的推动者和障碍。我们对中西部一个学区的8所K-12学校进行了实地考察。我们收集了定量和定性数据，以衡量学校的健康环境和变革准备情况。我们使用单因素方差分析来检验变革准备与学校健康环境之间的关系。我们归纳分析了定性数据；学校和地区层面的主题出现了。结果：单因素方差分析结果显示，高准备状态（HR）组的学校报告的学校健康团队比低准备状态（LR）组更活跃（F（1,6）=8.442，p=0.03）。定性数据表明，建立当地学校健康委员会是所有学校都需要发展的领域。人力资源学校的需求领域包括加强学校健康政策沟通、领导力和员工健康倡议。LR学校的需求领域侧重于为学生提供更多的体育活动和健康机会。结论：改变的准备程度是一个很有前途的指标，它可能与更多的体育活动机会、更好的健康团队功能以及健康政策的实施有关。

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引用次数: 0

Predictors of Loss to Self-report Follow-up Data Collection in a Cancer Screening Intervention 癌症筛查干预中自我报告随访数据收集损失的预测因素

IF 0.8 Q3 Social Sciences

Health Behavior and Policy Review

Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.14485/hbpr.9.4.1

W. Rakowski, T. Stump, P. Monahan, Eric Vachon, T. Imperiale, S. Rawl, V. Champion

Objective: Losing participants’ self-report data affects process and outcome analyses, and ultimately, conclusions about results. In this paper, we examine predictors of loss to self-report data collection and attempt to identify potential predictors that can be addressed prospectively. Methods: Data were from a study to increase colorectal and breast cancer screening in women 50-75 years of age (N = 1196). We collected self-report data at baseline (T1), 4 weeks (T2), and 6 months (T3) after consent. Analyses identified predictors of earliest loss (T1 vs T1,T2,T3), intermediate loss (T1 vs T1,T2), and later loss (T1,T2 vs T1,T2,T3). Results: Cancer knowledge and self-reported screening barriers were associated with loss to follow-up. More health problems were associated with less intermediate loss to follow-up, but higher loss to later follow-up. Two intervention groups (Web Only, and Web + Phone) showed greater loss compared to Usual Care. Being overdue for both screenings predicted early loss. Completing the T1 survey by phone was associated with greater loss to follow-up. Conclusions: Knowledge and barriers may have had an early effect, whereas health problems might have had a delayed impact. Intervention characteristics also need to be considered as a source of task demands on participants.

目的：丢失参与者的自我报告数据会影响过程和结果分析，并最终影响对结果的结论。在本文中，我们检查了自我报告数据收集损失的预测因素，并试图确定可以前瞻性解决的潜在预测因素。方法：数据来自一项增加50-75岁女性癌症结直肠癌和乳腺癌筛查的研究（N=1196）。我们收集了同意后基线（T1）、4周（T2）和6个月（T3）的自我报告数据。分析确定了最早损失（T1 vs T1，T2，T3）、中期损失（T1 vs T1，T2）和后期损失（T1，T2 vs T1，T2，T3）的预测因素。结果：癌症知识和自我报告的筛查障碍与随访损失相关。更多的健康问题与较少的中期随访损失有关，但与更高的后期随访损失有关。与常规护理相比，两个干预组（仅网络和网络+电话）显示出更大的损失。两次放映都逾期了，预计会提前损失。通过电话完成T1调查与更大的随访损失有关。结论：知识和障碍可能产生了早期影响，而健康问题可能产生了延迟影响。干预特征也需要被视为参与者任务需求的来源。

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引用次数: 0

Student Concerns Regarding School-based Weight Measurement: Implications for Policy 学生对校本体重测量的关注:对政策的影响

IF 0.8 Q3 Social Sciences

Health Behavior and Policy Review

Pub Date : 2022-05-01 DOI: 10.14485/hbpr.9.3.7

Eva C Igler, S. Everhart, Jillian E. Austin, Amy C. Lang, W. Hobart Davies

Objective: Many schools implement health screening programs that include weight measurement. The potential negative consequences and effectiveness of these programs in improving adolescent health remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to examine perceptions of weight measurement practices among emerging adults, some of whom (64%) had previously had their weight measured in a school setting. Methods: Altogether, 239 primarily white (75%) and female (66%) emerging adults provided their opinion regarding school weight measurement policies and experiences being weighed in middle and/or high school. Results: Overall, 37% of the total sample, regardless of personal experience, reported a negative reaction to school weight measurement policy, and 19% described course requirements for weight measurement as unhelpful. Of participants who reported being weighed in a school setting, 31% indicated a negative reaction, 57% rated the process as inappropriate, and 40% rated the process as uncomfortable. Conclusions: Many students may respond negatively to being weighed in the school setting. If schools implement a weight measurement policy, it is essential they mitigate risks and follow the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) criteria for general health screening programs in schools. We provide suggestions for implementing AAP criteria.

目的:许多学校实施包括体重测量在内的健康检查项目。这些项目在改善青少年健康方面的潜在负面影响和有效性尚不清楚。本研究的目的是调查新生成人对体重测量方法的看法，其中一些人(64%)以前曾在学校环境中测量过体重。方法:共有239名主要为白人(75%)和女性(66%)的新生成人提供了他们对学校体重测量政策和初中和/或高中称重经历的看法。结果:总体而言，无论个人经历如何，总样本中37%的人报告了对学校体重测量政策的负面反应，19%的人认为体重测量的课程要求没有帮助。在报告称在学校称重的参与者中，31%的人表示有负面反应，57%的人认为称重过程不合适，40%的人认为称重过程不舒服。结论:许多学生可能会对在学校环境中被称重产生负面反应。如果学校实施体重测量政策，那么降低风险并遵循美国儿科学会(AAP)在学校进行一般健康检查项目的标准是至关重要的。我们提供了实施AAP标准的建议。

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引用次数: 0

Energy Drink Consumption and Increased Risk of Smoking and Alcohol and Sweetened Beverages Use among University Students 大学生饮用能量饮料增加吸烟、饮酒和含糖饮料的风险

IF 0.8 Q3 Social Sciences

Health Behavior and Policy Review

Pub Date : 2022-05-01 DOI: 10.14485/hbpr.9.3.6

Ahmad Elslami, Fatemeh Bastami, Arash Ardalan, M. Almasian, Maryam Alibakhshi

Objective: Energy drink consumption has been increasing among youth. In this study, we aimed to examine the patterns of energy drink consumption and their relationships with the use of sweetened beverages such as soda and packaged fruit juice as well as alcohol consumption and smoking among college students. Methods: This was a cross-sectional analytical study in which data were collected during the 2018-2019 academic year for 9 months from October to July. Our sample was a random selection of 373 students attending Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. We used logistic regression analysis, chi-square, and independent t-tests for data analysis. Results: Overall, 31.6% of men and 27% of women had consumed energy drinks. Men consumed energy drinks 1.3 times more than women did. Preferring the taste was the most frequent reason (30.8%) for energy drink consumption. Having energy drinks was associated with consumption of sweetened beverages and alcohol (p < .001). The mean consumption of sweetened beverages and alcoholic drinks, and smoking was significantly higher among men than women (p < .05). Conclusion: A sizable percentage of students consumed energy drinks because of the taste. This indicates that they should be informed about the harmful ingredients in these drinks.

目的:能量饮料的消费在年轻人中呈上升趋势。在这项研究中，我们旨在研究大学生中能量饮料的消费模式及其与含糖饮料(如苏打水和包装果汁)的使用以及酒精消费和吸烟的关系。方法:采用横断面分析方法，收集2018-2019学年(10 - 7月)9个月的数据。我们的样本是随机选择的373名伊斯法罕医科大学的学生。我们采用逻辑回归分析、卡方检验和独立t检验进行数据分析。结果:总体而言，31.6%的男性和27%的女性喝过能量饮料。男性饮用能量饮料的次数是女性的1.3倍。喜欢味道是饮用能量饮料最常见的原因(30.8%)。饮用能量饮料与饮用含糖饮料和酒精有关(p < 0.001)。含糖饮料和酒精饮料的平均消费量以及吸烟在男性中显著高于女性(p < 0.05)。结论:相当大比例的学生饮用能量饮料是因为它的味道。这表明他们应该被告知这些饮料中的有害成分。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of Emotional Distress Monitoring and Intervention in Preventing Non-suicidal Self-injury (NSSI) of College Students 情绪困扰监测与干预在预防大学生非自杀性自伤中的作用

IF 0.8 Q3 Social Sciences

Health Behavior and Policy Review

Pub Date : 2022-05-01 DOI: 10.14485/hbpr.9.3.2

Chun-Yin Chen, Xianrong Li, Yu Deng

Objective: In this study, we monitored and intervened in the emotional status of college students to understand the effect of intervention measures on the prevention and control of non-suicidal self-harm, and to provide a reference for the prevention and control of self-harm in college students. Methods: We conducted a baseline survey of 1832 first-year students across 3 vocational colleges in Chongqing, China in October 2019. In October 2020, we followed-up regarding the nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) occurrences among our original respondents. During the year, students’ emotions were regularly monitored. The students who scored > 10 and had moderate suicidal thoughts were provided counseling to reduce their emotional stress. If the students could not reduce these emotions, their counselors contacted the school psychological center for professional counseling. If the school psychological counseling center diagnosed the students with severe depression, the counselors informed their parents and suggested hospital treatment. Results: The detection rate of NSSI history was 18.52% (320/1728), and the detection rate of the follow-up survey was 8.13% (137/1685); the difference in the detection rate was statistically significant (χ2 = 128.3103, p < .001). Conclusions: Our results show that monitoring and intervening in college students’ emotional states can prevent the occurrence of NSSI behavior.

目的:本研究通过对大学生的情绪状态进行监测和干预，了解干预措施对预防和控制大学生非自杀性自我伤害的效果，为预防和控制大学生自我伤害提供参考。方法:于2019年10月对重庆市3所高职院校1832名一年级学生进行基线调查。2020年10月，我们对原始受访者的非自杀性自伤(NSSI)事件进行了随访。在这一年里，学生们的情绪会被定期监测。研究人员为得分为bb10分、有中度自杀念头的学生提供心理咨询，以减轻他们的情绪压力。如果学生不能减少这些情绪，他们的辅导员联系学校心理中心进行专业咨询。如果学校心理咨询中心诊断出学生患有严重的抑郁症，咨询师会通知家长并建议去医院治疗。结果:自伤史检出率为18.52%(320/1728)，随访调查检出率为8.13% (137/1685);检出率差异有统计学意义(χ2 = 128.3103, p < 0.001)。结论:通过对大学生情绪状态的监测和干预，可以预防自伤行为的发生。

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引用次数: 1