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Conchylia y cocleae: transformaciones en la percepción culinaria de los moluscos durante la romanización del Noreste peninsular Conchylia和Cocleae:半岛东北部罗马化期间软体动物烹饪感知的转变
4区 历史学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2019-01-29 DOI: 10.15366/archaeofauna2017.26.007
Jordi Nadal i Lorenzo
Este trabajo plantea las diferencias en la percepcion culinaria de los moluscos, terrestres y marinos entre los periodos iberico (prerromano) y romano en el nordeste de la Peninsula Iberica. Aunque los datos son por el momento muy escasos, se observa un cambio entre los dos momentos. En el mundo iberico la explotacion de moluscos marinos se limita a la costa y muy escasamente a zonas prelitorales. Los taxones mas explotados son Glycymeris y en menor medida los cardidos y Donax. En el mundo romano, el consumo de moluscos marinos se desliga de la proximidad a la costa y las ostras (Ostrea edulis) se vuelven la especie mas consumida, aunque tambien aumenta la diversidad de especies explotadas, generalmente muricidos (Bolinus, Hexaplex, Stramonita). Tambien observamos la generalizacion del consumo de moluscos terrestres (Otala punctata). El colapso del mundo romano supondra la vuelta a algunas tradiciones anteriores por lo que respecta al consumo de moluscos.
这项工作提出了伊比利亚半岛东北部伊比利亚(前罗马)和罗马时期对软体动物、陆地和海洋的烹饪感知的差异。虽然目前的数据非常有限,但可以观察到这两个时刻之间的变化。在伊比利亚世界,对海洋软体动物的开采仅限于沿海地区,很少限于珊瑚礁前地区。最受开发的分类群是糖类,而Cardidos和Donax分类群的开发程度较低。在罗马世界,海洋软体动物的消费量正在从靠近海岸的地方滑落,牡蛎(牡蛎)成为消费最多的物种,尽管开发的物种多样性也在增加,通常是死亡的物种(Bolinus、Hexaplex、Stramonita)。我们还观察到陆地软体动物(Otala punctata)消费的普遍性。罗马世界的崩溃将意味着在软体动物消费方面恢复一些以前的传统。
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引用次数: 1
Restos de micromamíferos identificados en dos conjuntos de época romana: Valentia (la Almoina, València) y la Calerilla de Hortunas (Requena) 在两组罗马时代发现的微型动物遗骸:瓦伦西亚(拉阿尔莫纳,瓦伦西亚)和拉卡莱里拉·德·霍图纳斯(雷克纳)
4区 历史学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2019-01-29 DOI: 10.15366/ARCHAEOFAUNA2017.26.010
P. G. Calatayud
Presentamos el estudio de dos agregados osiferos de micromamiferos de epoca romana. Los conjuntos reflejan un proceso tafonomico de formacion diferente. El de la Almoina esta relacionado con la etologia de Mustela nivalis (comadreja), y el de la Calerilla con la muerte natural. Por otra parte, a partir de los requerimientos ecologicos de las distintas especies documentadas, hemos intentado caracterizar las condiciones climaticas de cada yacimiento.
我们介绍了对罗马时代两种微酰胺类骨化聚集体的研究。这些集合反映了一个不同的tafonomic形成过程。阿尔莫纳的行为与穆斯特拉·尼瓦利斯(黄鼠狼)的行为有关,卡莱里拉的行为与自然死亡有关。另一方面,根据所记录的不同物种的生态要求,我们试图描述每个矿床的气候条件。
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引用次数: 0
Recursos cinegéticos y ganaderos en Myrtilis (Mértola, Portugal) en los inicios de la Romanización: una aportación desde la Arqueozoología 罗马化初期Myrtilis (mertola,葡萄牙)的狩猎和牲畜资源:考古学的贡献
4区 历史学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2019-01-29 DOI: 10.15366/ARCHAEOFAUNA2017.26.012
M. Moreno-Garcia, Carlos M. Pimenta, María Fátima Palma
Here we present the analysis of the faunal assemblage recovered during the archaeological excavations carried out in the Biblioteca Municipal of Mertola (Alentejo, Portugal). The samples studied are dated to the Late Iron Age and the Roman Republic periods. It is outstanding the high frequency of red deer (Cervus elaphus) and the dominance of porcine remains, among which some wild boar (Sus scrofa) may be present. This trend increases towards the change of Era. The data demostrates the importance of hunting resources in the local economy and the limited role played by livestock husbandry, in particular as far as cattle and caprines are concerned. With the aim of evaluting the impact of Romanization at regional and inter-regional levels results are discussed taking into account socio-economic and environmental issues.
在这里,我们对在梅尔托拉(葡萄牙阿连特霍)的Biblioteca市政图书馆进行的考古发掘中发现的动物群进行了分析。所研究的样本可以追溯到铁器时代晚期和罗马共和国时期。马鹿(Cervus elaphus)的高频率和猪遗骸的优势突出,其中可能存在一些野猪(Sus scrofa)。这种趋势随着时代的变化而增加。这些数据表明了狩猎资源在当地经济中的重要性,以及畜牧业发挥的有限作用,尤其是就牛和山羊而言。为了评估罗马化在区域和区域间层面的影响,讨论了考虑到社会经济和环境问题的结果。
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引用次数: 1
Sacrificio y consumo animal en dos edificios principales de una colonia de la Bética: el macellum y el santuario de Ituci Virtus Iulia (Torreparedones, Baena, Córdoba) 贝蒂卡殖民地的两座主要建筑中的屠宰和动物消费:马塞卢姆和伊图西·维图斯·尤利亚神社(托雷普雷塞多内斯、巴埃纳、科尔多瓦)
4区 历史学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2019-01-29 DOI: 10.15366/archaeofauna2017.26.011
R. Sánchez, J. López, Antonio Moreno Rosa
Presentamos el examen de los restos de fauna asociados a dos edificios principales de una colonia de la provincia Betica: el macellum y el santuario ibero-romano excavados en el yacimiento arqueologico de Torreparedones (Baena, Cordoba). Los contextos documentados en el macellum corresponden a acumulaciones relacionadas con la vida activa del mercado. El mas importante, asociado a la Fase II-III del propio edificio, se compone de un extenso vertido en contacto con su muro occidental exterior, conformado en su gran mayoria por restos de bovino, habiendose datado entre la primera mitad del siglo I y el ultimo tercio del II d.C. En cuanto al santuario, los contextos mas interesantes se documentan en suelos formados durante el funcionamiento de un primer templo, a lo largo de los siglos II y I a.C. El estudio de ambos conjuntos cuenta con gran interes, al constituir uno de los escasos trabajos efectuados sobre un edificio comercial y en un santuario de tradicion indigena en el interior de la Betica, integrado en la lectura de la propia evolucion diacronica de ambos edificios y sobre contextos y areas de vertido bien definidas.
我们介绍了对与贝蒂卡省一个殖民地的两座主要建筑物有关的动物遗骸的检查:在托雷帕耶多内斯考古遗址(巴埃纳,科尔多瓦)挖掘的马塞卢姆和伊比利亚-罗马神社。Macellum中记录的背景对应于与市场活跃期相关的积累。最重要的一个与建筑物本身的第二至第三阶段有关,由与其外墙接触的大量倾倒物组成,主要由牛的遗骸组成,可追溯到公元一世纪上半叶至公元二世纪最后三分之一。至于圣殿,最有趣的背景记录在第一座寺庙运作期间形成的土壤中,在整个公元前二世纪和一世纪,对这两套建筑的研究都引起了极大的兴趣,因为这是在贝蒂卡内部的一座商业建筑和一座土著传统圣殿上进行的少数工作之一,这些工作被纳入对这两座建筑本身的历时演变以及明确定义的背景和倾倒区的阅读中。
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引用次数: 1
Los efectos de la romanización en la gestión ganadera: la cabaña equina de Serrat dels Espinyers (Lérida) como ejemplo de la cría mular en la Península Ibérica 罗马化对牲畜管理的影响:Serrat dels Espinyers(莱达)的马棚作为伊比利亚半岛mular育种的一个例子
4区 历史学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2019-01-29 DOI: 10.15366/ARCHAEOFAUNA2017.26.008
Silvia Albizuri, Jordi Nadal, C. Belmonte, I. Garcés
In this work, we study the bone remains of 32 equid individuals, dated among 3rd-2nd centuries BC. They were deposited, sometimes the complete carcass, in diverse pits from Serrat dels Epinyers, a site related with production and storage of crop surplus, close to the place where the roman town of Aeso was built.The morphometric study has been done according published works about osteological differences among equids. It allows us to distinguish three groups: horses, asses and finally a group where we can observe horse-like characteristics and ass-like characteristics as well and we must classify as hybrids. That is a novelty in the animal husbandry of the second Iron Age in the Iberian Peninsula.The anomalous quantity of specimens located and the evidence of hybridation practices among the equine herds have indicated a specialized and efficient husbandry that would be kept for burden transport, probably related with the presence of Roman troops and the necessity to supply more important urban centres.
在这项工作中,我们研究了32个马科动物的骨头遗骸,时间可以追溯到公元前3 -2世纪。它们被存放在Serrat dels Epinyers的不同的坑中,有时是完整的尸体,Serrat dels Epinyers是一个与剩余作物生产和储存有关的地点,靠近罗马城镇Aeso的建造地。形态计量学研究是根据已发表的关于马科动物骨学差异的著作进行的。它可以让我们区分三种群体:马,驴最后一种群体我们可以观察到像马一样的特征和像驴一样的特征我们必须将其分类为杂交。这在伊比利亚半岛的第二个铁器时代的畜牧业中是一件新鲜事。发现的标本数量异常,以及马群杂交的证据表明,这是一种专门而高效的饲养方式,可能与罗马军队的存在以及为更重要的城市中心提供补给的必要性有关。
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引用次数: 5
Peasant economy in Late Roman Alava: Zooarchaeology of Zornoztegi 罗马晚期阿拉瓦的农民经济:佐诺兹特基的动物考古学
4区 历史学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2019-01-29 DOI: 10.15366/archaeofauna2017.26.006
Idoia Grau-Sologestoa, J. A. Castillo
Zornoztegi is a rural settlement located in the Alava plateau (Basque Country, Spain), and it was occupied between the Bronze Age and the Late Middle Ages. During a recent archaeological project, a small settlement consisting of two dwellings dated to the 4th-5th centuries was found. The archaeological evidence suggests that this site was probably a small rural settlement dependent on a higher rural centre, perhaps a Roman villa. In this paper, the results of the analysis of the animal remains recovered in this chronological phase are shown. The faunal assemblage is one of the biggest analysed samples dated to the 4th- 5th centuries in the Basque Country. The taxonomic composition, the kill-off patterns, the butchery patterns, the body part frequencies and the biometric data constitute good evidence for understanding peasant economy during Late Roman times. Finally, the faunal evidence will be discussed together with other types of archaeological records for analysing peasant activity in Late Roman Alava.
Zornoztegi是位于Alava高原(西班牙巴斯克地区)的一个农村定居点,在青铜时代和中世纪晚期之间被占领。在最近的一个考古项目中,发现了一个由两个可追溯到4 -5世纪的住宅组成的小定居点。考古证据表明,这个地点可能是一个小型的农村定居点,依赖于一个更高的农村中心,也许是一个罗马别墅。在本文中,动物遗骸的分析结果在这个时间顺序阶段显示。该动物群是巴斯克地区4 - 5世纪以来最大的分析样本之一。分类组成、杀戮模式、屠宰模式、身体部位频率和生物特征数据为了解罗马晚期农民经济提供了很好的证据。最后,动物群证据将与其他类型的考古记录一起讨论,以分析罗马晚期阿拉瓦的农民活动。
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引用次数: 0
The impact of Roman conquest on the pattern of livestock exploitation on the Balearic Islands 罗马征服对巴利阿里群岛畜牧业开发模式的影响
4区 历史学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2019-01-29 DOI: 10.15366/archaeofauna2017.26.009
A. Valenzuela, J. Alcover, M. Cau
The conquest of the Eastern Balearic Islands by the Romans produced a profoundtransformation of the native communities and of their economic system. Whereas several aspects of the local economy at that period are well known, the changes experienced in the patterns of production and consumption of livestock still remain to be deciphered. By studying a series of faunal remains from the two main islands (i.e., Mallorca and Menorca), and focusing on the period spanning from the Iron Age to the Roman transition, we have approached the changes experienced in animal husbandry. Data from a large number of sites from both islands reveal the changes experienced in species composition and body size.
罗马人对东巴利阿里群岛的征服使当地社区及其经济制度发生了深刻的变化。虽然当时当地经济的几个方面是众所周知的,但牲畜生产和消费模式的变化仍然有待破译。通过研究来自两个主要岛屿(即马略卡岛和梅诺卡岛)的一系列动物遗骸,并将重点放在从铁器时代到罗马过渡时期,我们已经接近了畜牧业所经历的变化。来自两个岛屿大量地点的数据揭示了物种组成和体型的变化。
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引用次数: 8
Animal remains from Iron Age and Roman Odemira, Portugal 铁器时代和罗马时期的动物遗骸,葡萄牙奥德米拉
4区 历史学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2019-01-29 DOI: 10.15366/archaeofauna2017.26.013
S. Davis, J. Vilhena
Animal remains from excavations of the Iron Age II (end IVth century - early IIIrd century BC) and Roman Republican (Ist century BC) part of a defensive ditch of Odemira hillfort in SW Portugal are described. Most derive from domesticated animals like cattle, goats and pigs, and a hunted animal, red deer. There are two substantial changes between Iron Age and Roman times. The first is a huge increase in the frequency of red deer. This may reflect a rise in the status of the inhabitants. The second is a change in the age-at-slaughter of the cattle: most Iron Age cattle were slaughtered quite young while those in Roman times were not slaughtered until old. This probably reflects a change in the management strategy of cattle. In the Iron Age the emphasis in cattle production was for meat while the Romans kept cattle more for their power and milk. Other animals present include birds, dog, fox, horse, rabbit, and in the Roman period, some marine shells.
描述了在葡萄牙西南部Odemira山的防御沟渠中出土的铁器时代II(公元前4世纪末-公元前3世纪初)和罗马共和时期(公元前1世纪)的动物遗骸。大多数来源于家畜,如牛、山羊和猪,以及一种被猎杀的动物——马鹿。在铁器时代和罗马时代之间有两个重大的变化。首先是马鹿出现的频率大幅增加。这可能反映了居民地位的提高。第二是牛的屠宰年龄的变化:大多数铁器时代的牛很年轻就被屠宰,而罗马时代的牛直到老了才被屠宰。这可能反映了牛的管理策略的变化。在铁器时代,养牛的重点是肉类,而罗马人养牛更多的是为了获得动力和牛奶。其他动物包括鸟、狗、狐狸、马、兔子,在罗马时期,还有一些海洋贝壳。
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引用次数: 2
La explotación de las aves en época romana en la península Ibérica
4区 历史学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2019-01-28 DOI: 10.15366/ARCHAEOFAUNA2017.26.004
Lluís García Petit
Los escasos estudios publicados sobre huesos de aves en la peninsula Iberica han llevado a la identificacion de menos de novecientos restos procedentes de 38 yacimientos romanos. Corresponden a un numero notable de especies, si bien la mayoria de ellas estan representadas unicamente por entre 1 y 5 restos. La comparacion con las aves mencionadas en las fuentes escritas revela la ausencia de Porphyrio porphyrio, Francolinus francolinus y Fulica atra, entre otras. La especie predominante con el 77 % de los restos es la gallina (Gallus gallus), seguida por la perdiz roja (Alectoris rufa), la perdiz pardilla (Perdix perdix), la oca comun (Anser anser) y la paloma bravia (Columba livia). Algunos hallazgos sugieren el consumo de especies de gran tamano como Otis tarda o Grus grus.
在伊比利亚半岛发表的关于鸟类骨骼的少数研究已经确认了来自38个罗马遗址的不到900具遗骸。它们对应着相当数量的物种,尽管其中大多数只有1到5个遗骸。与书面资料中提到的鸟类相比,没有斑岩斑岩、Francolinus Francolinus和Fulica atra等。占遗骸77%的主要物种是鸡(Gallus Gallus),其次是红鹧鸪(Alectoris rufa)、鹧鸪(Perdix Perdix)、鹅(Anser Anser)和野鸽(Columba livia)。一些发现表明食用大型物种,如Otis tarda或Grus Grus。
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引用次数: 1
La explotación del mar en la Galicia Romana: El yacimiento de Punta Atalaia (Galicia, Noroeste Ibérico) 罗马加利西亚的海洋开发:蓬塔阿塔莱亚遗址(加利西亚,伊比利亚西北部)
4区 历史学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2019-01-28 DOI: 10.15366/ARCHAEOFAUNA2017.26.005
E. Agüero, V. García, C. F. Rodríguez
This paper focuses on the shellfish and fish remains recovered at the Punta Atalaia site (Galicia, Spain). Their analysis allows us to evaluate the exploitation of marine resources in the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula during Roman Times. Certain continuity with operating models defined for pre-Roman periods is found during the first occupation phase of this hillfort (1st century AD). However, data analysis for later times (2nd-5th centuries AD) indicates a greater complexity that may respond to an increasing market demand for these products and to an improved fishing and shellfishing gear. This is particularly noticeable due to an increase of gregarious pelagic fish and shellfish from the lower littoral.
本文重点介绍在Punta Atalaia遗址(西班牙加利西亚)发现的贝类和鱼类遗骸。他们的分析使我们能够评估罗马时代伊比利亚半岛西北部的海洋资源开发情况。在这个山丘堡垒的第一个占领阶段(公元1世纪),发现了与前罗马时期定义的运营模式的一定连续性。然而,后期(公元2-5世纪)的数据分析表明,更大的复杂性可能会对这些产品日益增长的市场需求以及捕鱼和贝类渔具的改进做出反应。这一点尤其明显,因为来自下海岸的群居中上层鱼类和贝类的数量有所增加。
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引用次数: 1
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