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Excavations at Oxford castle 1999-2009 1999-2009年牛津城堡发掘
IF 0.5 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-01-21 DOI: 10.1080/00665983.2021.2013604
J. Haslam
within the series of all known surviving barns (mostly in the south east of England but including one in Yorkshire). In this way, the technological advances of the Wheat over the Barley Barn can be better appreciated, although Stenning maintains that developments demonstrate a ‘marked similarity of approach’, the main differences relating to size rather than detail. Even so, and most interestingly, the fifteen barns discussed do suggest two traditions at play. The ‘distinctive multiple triangulation of the trusses’ at the Barley Barn appears to relate more to a north European methodology, while others (such as the Great Coxwell Barn, Oxfordshire) seem to be more closely related to the mainstream French carpentry style. The Wheat Barn fuses some elements of both traditions. The fact that most of the barns were the work of monastic orders that were part of active European networks and, also, given that these barns were probably the product of ‘standard, workshop, laybrother practice’ (craftsmen brothers were a feature of Templar organization) will largely explain this application of continental practice to local situations (quotes from pp. 105–6). Other essays, little altered, have weathered the test of time. Oliver Rackham notes that, although the Barley and Wheat Barns represent an occupancy of woodland comparable to half and one-third of a cathedral respectively, they are made up of relatively small timbers, probably produced on locally managed coppiced woodlands together with some large hedgerow trees. Ian Tyers’s important note on tree-ring dating, which underlines the difficulties of working in a county of largely fast-grown trees, has been updated by John Walker and is reviewed at some length by Tyers in the completely new chapter on the seventeenth-century Granary (which incorporates re-used medieval timber), where some of Rackham’s earlier conclusions are refined. Other buildings are covered afresh while the brick and tile chronology by Pat Ryan and David Andrew still provides (as was noticed in a review of the first edition) ‘a model of how to set about such a typology’. Overall, the wealth of detailed analysis and new graphics makes this an important source for the understanding of thirteenth-century timber construction and site development over a longer period. It is also commendable in terms of accessibility, coming in at a price that in real terms is less than was charged when the original book was published in 1994.
在现存的谷仓中(大部分在英格兰东南部,但约克郡也有一个)。通过这种方式,小麦比大麦仓的技术进步可以得到更好的理解,尽管Stenning坚持认为,发展表明了“方法的显著相似性”,主要差异与大小有关,而不是细节。即便如此,最有趣的是,讨论的十五个谷仓确实表明了两个传统在起作用。大麦谷仓的“独特的多重三角桁架”似乎更接近北欧的方法,而其他(如牛fordshire的Great Coxwell Barn)似乎更接近主流的法国木工风格。小麦谷仓融合了这两种传统的一些元素。事实上,大多数谷仓都是修道院命令的工作,是活跃的欧洲网络的一部分,而且,考虑到这些谷仓可能是“标准,车间,外行实践”的产物(工匠兄弟是圣殿骑士团组织的一个特点),这将在很大程度上解释这种大陆实践在当地情况下的应用(引自第105-6页)。其他的文章,几乎没有改变,经受住了时间的考验。奥利弗·拉克姆指出,虽然大麦仓和小麦仓所占的林地面积分别相当于大教堂的一半和三分之一,但它们是由相对较小的木材组成的,可能是在当地管理的覆盖林地和一些大的树篱上生产的。伊恩·泰尔斯关于树木年轮年代测定的重要笔记,强调了在一个以快速生长的树木为主的县里工作的困难,约翰·沃克对其进行了更新,泰尔斯在关于17世纪谷仓的全新章节(其中包括重新使用的中世纪木材)中进行了较长时间的回顾,其中对拉克姆早期的一些结论进行了改进。其他建筑被重新覆盖,而Pat Ryan和David Andrew的砖瓦年表仍然提供(正如在第一版的评论中所注意到的)“如何设置这种类型的模型”。总的来说,丰富的详细分析和新的图形使其成为了解13世纪木结构建筑和较长时期内场地发展的重要来源。这本书的易读性也值得称赞,它的实际价格比1994年原版书出版时的价格要低。
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引用次数: 2
Roman and medieval Exeter and their hinterlands from, Isca to Excester, edited by Stephen Rippon and Neil Holbrook, Oxford, Oxbow Books (Exeter: a place in time 1/Exeter Archaeological Report 7), 2021, xxii and 394 pp., Illus. 166, £35.00 (Hardback), ISBN 978-1789256154. Studies in the Roman and Medieval Archaeology of Exeter, edited by Stephen Rippon and Neil Holbrook, Oxford, Oxbow Books (Exeter: a place in time 2/Exeter Archaeological Report 8), 2021, xxiv and 638 pp., Illus. 377, £35.00 (Hardback), ISBN 978-1789256192 罗马和中世纪埃克塞特及其腹地,从伊斯卡到埃克塞特》,由斯蒂芬-里彭和尼尔-霍尔布鲁克编辑,牛津,牛头书店(埃克塞特:时间中的地方 1/埃克塞特考古报告 7),2021 年,第 xxii 页和 394 页,插图,166 页,35 英镑(精装),ISBN 978-1789256154。166页,35.00英镑(精装),ISBN 978-1789256154。埃克塞特罗马和中世纪考古学研究》,斯蒂芬-里彭和尼尔-霍尔布鲁克编,牛津,牛头书局(埃克塞特:时间中的地方 2/埃克塞特考古报告 8),2021 年,xxiv 和 638 页,插图,35.00 英镑(精装),ISBN 978-1789256154。377,35.00 英镑(精装),ISBN 978-1789256192
IF 0.5 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-01-11 DOI: 10.1080/00665983.2021.2013611
Gavin Speed
Published in Archaeological Journal (Vol. 179, No. 2, 2022)
发表于《考古学报》(第 179 卷,第 2 期,2022 年)
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引用次数: 0
La parure en métal de l’âge du Bronze moyen atlantique. (XVe – XIVe siècles avant notre ère) 中大西洋青铜时代的金属装饰。(公元前15 - 14世纪)
IF 0.5 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-01-05 DOI: 10.1080/00665983.2021.1990500
Sophia Adams
number of completely excavated examples. Ray and Thomas describe different buildings at Dorstone Hill which in turn develop into different forms of long mounds. They interpret this as evidence of different lineages coming together to create different versions of the shift from house to mound. Kenny, in her contribution, provides a specific example of direct connection between the evolving architecture of Trefignath chambered tomb and the house at Parc Cybi. House and tomb were connected in ongoing relationship as they both shared an alignment related to spring sunrise. By contrast, Smyth describes a different example of connections between an earlier house and a long mound at Ballyglass. Here there was no common alignment and it is likely that the ultimate form of the court tomb was related to the needs of the living rather than being a house for the dead. Healy uses her final discussion chapter to make the point that the variety of ways that the earlier chapters find to evaluate the differences and connections between houses and tombs may be the result of underlying principles of communal labour, communal gatherings and indeed common technologies. More broadly, connections of form or practice between tombs and houses can be seen to be meaningful but were rarely formulaic. The strength of this volume lies in the way that these local, contingent histories are brought out so that the kind of principles to which Healy refers can be appreciated.
完全挖掘的样本数量。雷和托马斯描述了多斯通山的不同建筑,这些建筑又发展成不同形式的长丘。他们将此解释为不同的血统聚集在一起,创造了不同版本的从房子到土墩的转变的证据。肯尼在她的贡献中提供了一个具体的例子,说明了特雷菲格纳斯墓室的建筑与Cybi公园的房子之间的直接联系。房子和坟墓在持续的关系中联系在一起,因为它们都与春天的日出有关。相比之下,Smyth描述了一个不同的例子,一个早期的房子和Ballyglass的长丘之间的连接。这里没有共同的路线,很可能宫廷坟墓的最终形式与生者的需要有关,而不是死者的房子。希利在她的最后一章讨论中指出,前几章发现的各种评估房屋和坟墓之间差异和联系的方法,可能是公共劳动、公共聚会和共同技术的潜在原则的结果。更广泛地说,坟墓和房屋之间的形式或实践联系是有意义的,但很少是公式化的。这本书的力量在于这些地方的,偶然的历史被带出来,这样希利提到的那种原则可以被欣赏。
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引用次数: 1
The people of the Cambridge Austin friars. 剑桥奥斯汀修士会的人。
IF 0.5 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/00665983.2022.2090675
Craig Cessford, Benjamin Neil

The Austin friars in Cambridge was an important religious institution between the late thirteenth and mid-sixteenth centuries. Excavations have revealed well-dated and contextualised burials associated with the friary, as well as a range of material culture. The burials have been subject to a wide range of analyses including osteology, palaeopathology, stable isotopes, ancient DNA and geometric morphometrics. Significantly the distinction between clothed and shrouded burials allows members of the Augustinian order and the laity to be identified. This represents the best-understood published group of burials from an Austin friars in the British Isles and emphasises the importance of nuanced interpretation, as burial at friaries was a structured and multi-local phenomenon. These burials and other material can be interpreted in terms of both mendicant ideals and anti-fraternal criticisms.

在13世纪末到16世纪中期,剑桥的奥斯汀修士会是一个重要的宗教机构。挖掘工作揭示了与修道院相关的年代久远、背景清晰的墓葬,以及一系列的物质文化。对这些墓葬进行了广泛的分析,包括骨学、古病理学、稳定同位素、古代DNA和几何形态计量学。重要的是,穿着衣服和包裹着的葬礼之间的区别使得奥古斯丁秩序的成员和俗人能够被识别出来。这代表了对英伦三岛奥斯汀修士葬礼的最好理解,并强调了细致入微解释的重要性,因为修士葬礼是一个有组织的多地方现象。这些葬礼和其他材料可以从乞丐的理想和反兄弟会的批评两方面来解释。
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引用次数: 2
Lost lives, new voices: unlocking the stories of the Scottish soldiers at the Battle of Dunbar 1650 逝去的生命,新的声音:揭开1650年邓巴战役中苏格兰士兵的故事
IF 0.5 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-15 DOI: 10.1080/00665983.2021.2013601
Angela Boyle
narrative of the site’s evolution and its significance in the wider context of Worcestershire’s archaeology. Although well written, it would benefit from a map depicting the location of the postulated Iron Age enclosure. The author suggests that Ditch 1 represents the northern extent of a large enclosure, which is referred to as being evident from aerial photographs. Overall the book achieves the aim of publishing the results of the excavation in an engaging and informative way.
叙述该遗址的演变及其在伍斯特郡考古的更广泛背景下的意义。尽管写得很好,但如果能在地图上描绘出铁器时代圈地的位置,这本书将会受益良多。作者认为,1号沟代表了一个大圈地的北部范围,从航空照片中可以明显看出这一点。总的来说,这本书达到了以引人入胜和信息丰富的方式出版挖掘结果的目的。
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引用次数: 2
The Romanesque Abbey of St Peter at Gloucester 格洛斯特的罗马式圣彼得修道院
IF 0.5 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-10 DOI: 10.1080/00665983.2021.2015132
Cai Mason
Gloucester Cathedral is a remarkable building. Built as a Benedictine abbey between AD 1089 and the early twelfth century, it is one of England’s finest examples of Romanesque architecture, which retains most of its original layout, and although partially concealed, much of its original fabric. Heighway served as the cathedral’s archaeological consultant for almost 30 years, during which time numerous architectural surveys and small-scale archaeological excavations were undertaken in and around the cathedral. This book draws together the results of these disparate records, with the aims of producing a detailed reconstruction the Norman abbey’s original appearance, and to highlight just how much of its original fabric survives. The book is divided into seven chapters. The first four describe the surviving Romanesque fabric in different areas of the building. Subsequent chapters explore the use of painted colour decoration, traces of which survive in the choir; and detail the surviving Romanesque carvings. The penultimate chapter explores that wider context of the abbey and the relationships between its architecture and those of analogous churches, both locally and in the wider Norman cultural sphere. The book is heavily illustrated with colour and monochrome photographs of extant structural elements, and detailed line drawn elevations and plans of the reconstructed abbey. Where there is debate or ambiguity as to the form of certain elements (e.g. the form of western entrance and presence of Westwork towers, pp. 64–72, or the size and positions of the clerestory windows of the choir, pp. 22–23), the arguments for various interpretations are clearly presented. The book could have benefited from a full elevation of the east/west axis of the abbey in its entirety, however this omission is counterbalanced by the inclusion of R. Bryant’s perspective reconstruction (Fig. 128, p. 106), which provides an excellent overall impression of the abbey as it may have originally appeared. The book is accessible and clearly designed to appeal to a wide audience, however some of the architectural terminology can be quite technical, and a glossary of these terms would help the lay reader. These minor quibbles aside, Heighway and Bryant’s book succeeds admirably in its aims of creating the fullest possible reconstruction of this incredible building and encouraging an appreciation of the surviving remains. This book serves as a model for what can be achieved when hard-won, though often very inaccessible, architectural and archaeological surveys of the nation’s great churches are synthesized and analysed, though few who undertake this task will be as blessed with the wealth of surviving Romanesque fabric that presents itself at Gloucester Cathedral.
格洛斯特大教堂是一座非凡的建筑。它建于公元1089年至12世纪初,是一座本笃会修道院,是英国最好的罗马式建筑之一,保留了大部分原始布局,尽管部分隐藏,但大部分原始结构。highway担任大教堂的考古顾问近30年,在此期间,在大教堂内和周围进行了大量的建筑调查和小规模的考古发掘。这本书汇集了这些不同记录的结果,目的是对诺曼修道院的原貌进行详细的重建,并强调它的原始结构保留了多少。这本书分为七章。前四章描述了建筑不同区域幸存的罗马式结构。随后的章节探讨了彩绘装饰的使用,其痕迹在唱诗班中幸存下来;详细介绍了现存的罗马式雕刻。倒数第二章探讨了修道院更广泛的背景,以及它的建筑与那些类似的教堂之间的关系,无论是在当地还是在更广泛的诺曼文化领域。书中有大量现存结构元素的彩色和单色照片,以及重建修道院的详细立面和平面图。对于某些元素的形式存在争议或模棱两可的地方(例如,西面入口的形式和Westwork塔楼的存在,第64-72页,或唱诗班天窗的大小和位置,第22-23页),各种解释的论点都清晰地呈现出来。这本书本可以从修道院东/西轴线的完整立面中受益,然而,这一遗漏被R. Bryant的视角重建所抵消(图128,第106页),这提供了修道院最初出现时的绝佳整体印象。这本书通俗易懂,设计清晰,旨在吸引广大读者,然而,一些架构术语可能相当专业,这些术语的术语表将帮助外行读者。撇开这些小的吹毛求疵不谈,海威和布莱恩特的书在尽可能充分地重建这座令人难以置信的建筑和鼓励对幸存遗迹的欣赏方面取得了令人钦佩的成功。这本书可以作为一个范例,说明当对国家伟大教堂的建筑和考古调查来之不易,但往往很难获得时,可以取得什么成果,尽管很少有人承担这项任务,将像格洛斯特大教堂一样,拥有幸存下来的罗马式建筑的财富。
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引用次数: 0
The Roman Baths at Wallsend 沃尔森德的罗马浴场
IF 0.5 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-10 DOI: 10.1080/00665983.2021.2013602
P. Davenport
fifth century, the site became the focus of rubbish disposal from the nearby settlement. The next sections in the book are specialist reports on the material culture of Roman date ranging from assemblages of pottery, glass, ceramic building materials, and worked stone, to human bone and animal remains. The examination of all material encountered in the excavation is very thorough, and it includes a brief report on a small amount of prehistoric and post-Roman pottery, as well as an overview of chipped stone lithics from the Mesolithic to later Bronze Age periods. Returning to the evidence for Roman burials along the road, I would like to flag up the particularly interesting cremation burial. This is a bustum burial of the early third century AD, in which the body was burned on a structure directly above a rectangular pit, with the cremated human remains and pyre material falling into it. This type of Roman cremation burial is relatively rare in Britain, and the third century is very late for this type of rite. The osteological analysis demonstrated that this was a mature adult, but the sex of the individual could not be determined from the surviving bone. Cool, however, argues persuasively in Chapter 7 that the dress accessories burnt with the body indicate that the deceased was a Roman soldier, clothed in military dress with a tunic, a belt with metal fittings, a cloak fastened with a brooch, and hobnailed shoes. The man probably was connected with the fort at Malton on the opposite riverbank, revealing that soldiers were not always interred in cemeteries immediately surrounding a fort. This is a very rare case of a soldier cremated in full military dress and with his equipment, making this particular find one of international significance. The finds, contexts, and structures are meticulously presented and illustrated throughout. The volume will be of value to anyone interested in exploring Roman military and civilian settlements, connectivity in the landscape during the Roman period, and the burial practices and rites of people living here in Yorkshire, especially in the third century AD.
公元五世纪,这里成为附近居民区垃圾处理的中心。书中接下来的部分是关于罗马时代物质文化的专家报告,从陶器、玻璃、陶瓷建筑材料和加工过的石头的组合,到人骨和动物遗骸。对挖掘中遇到的所有材料的检查非常彻底,其中包括对少量史前和后罗马陶器的简要报告,以及对中石器时代到青铜时代后期的碎块石器的概述。回到沿路罗马墓葬的证据,我想指出特别有趣的火葬。这是公元三世纪早期的一种胸骨葬,尸体在一个矩形坑的正上方的结构上被焚烧,火化的人类遗骸和火葬材料落入其中。这种罗马式的火葬在英国是比较罕见的,这种仪式在三世纪已经很晚了。骨学分析表明,这是一个成熟的成年人,但个体的性别不能从幸存的骨头确定。然而,库尔在第七章中有说服力地指出,与尸体一起被烧毁的服饰饰品表明,死者是一名罗马士兵,穿着军装,束腰外衣,腰带上有金属配件,披风上有胸针,鞋上有钉子。这名男子可能与对岸马尔顿的堡垒有关,这表明士兵并不总是被埋葬在堡垒周围的墓地里。这是一个非常罕见的案例,一名士兵穿着军装和他的装备火化,使这一特殊的发现具有国际意义。所有的发现、背景和结构都被精心地呈现和说明。这本书对于任何有兴趣探索罗马军事和平民定居点、罗马时期景观的连通性以及约克郡居民的埋葬习俗和仪式的人来说都是有价值的,特别是在公元三世纪。
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引用次数: 0
Houses of the dead? 死者的房子?
IF 0.5 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-10 DOI: 10.1080/00665983.2021.2013610
R. Peterson
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引用次数: 0
Cressing temple. A Templar and Hospitaller manor in Essex and its building 不尽的殿。埃塞克斯的圣殿骑士和医院骑士庄园及其建筑
IF 0.5 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-08 DOI: 10.1080/00665983.2021.1990574
M. Cherry
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引用次数: 0
Medieval to modern suburban material culture and sequence at Grand Arcade, Cambridge: archaeological investigations of an Eleventh to Twentieth-Century suburb and town ditch 剑桥大拱廊的中世纪到现代郊区物质文化和序列:11至20世纪郊区和城镇沟渠的考古调查
IF 0.5 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-06 DOI: 10.1080/00665983.2021.1990577
John Thomas
of advance the highly detailed, but very readable
提前的非常详细,但非常可读
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引用次数: 0
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Archaeological Journal
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