Pub Date : 2004-08-16DOI: 10.1109/APMRC.2004.1521948
J. Sun, Y. Li, E. Ong
Shock resistance of hard disk drives (HDDs) tends to be a critical issue with the rapid growth of portable consumer electronics such as notebooks, PDAs, and digital cameras. Finite element method (FEM) is widely used in simulating drop test. However, it is computationally expensive. An accelerated drop test method, which adopts relative coordinate and recursive solutions, is developed. The computational time is drastically reduced without suffering a significant loss in accuracy. By adopting this method, designers can evaluate the shock resistance of a HDD quickly so that they can have more time to optimize the shock performance of HDDs. Moreover, they can simulate the whole process, instead of simulating just a brief moment of head-disk collision
{"title":"Accelerated drop test simulation using relative coordinate solution and finite element method","authors":"J. Sun, Y. Li, E. Ong","doi":"10.1109/APMRC.2004.1521948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APMRC.2004.1521948","url":null,"abstract":"Shock resistance of hard disk drives (HDDs) tends to be a critical issue with the rapid growth of portable consumer electronics such as notebooks, PDAs, and digital cameras. Finite element method (FEM) is widely used in simulating drop test. However, it is computationally expensive. An accelerated drop test method, which adopts relative coordinate and recursive solutions, is developed. The computational time is drastically reduced without suffering a significant loss in accuracy. By adopting this method, designers can evaluate the shock resistance of a HDD quickly so that they can have more time to optimize the shock performance of HDDs. Moreover, they can simulate the whole process, instead of simulating just a brief moment of head-disk collision","PeriodicalId":445247,"journal":{"name":"APMRC 2004 Asia-Pacific Magnetic Recording Conference, 2004.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130653918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-08-16DOI: 10.1109/APMRC.2004.1521923
E. Hong, Joon-Hyun Yoon, N. Park, Hyun-Seok Yang, Young-Pil Park
To realize higher track density of HDD, the servo bandwidth should be higher, however, is limited by the mechanical resonances of the arm, coil of the VCM and ball bearing pivot. One approach to overcoming the problem is using dual stage servo system. For this system, we have suggested new milliactuator based on the shear mode of piezoelectric elements to drive the head suspension assembly. The initial model introduced is the APMRC 2002, and now we improve that model. The milliactuator is added flexure structure for femto slider and applied optimal design process. The objective function is to maximize frequencies of 2nd torsional mode and sway mode with stable compliance of the disk flutter. The improved suspension with milliactuator is analyzed about shock characteristics for mobile application.
{"title":"Design and development of milliactuator embedded suspension for dual stage system in hard disk drives","authors":"E. Hong, Joon-Hyun Yoon, N. Park, Hyun-Seok Yang, Young-Pil Park","doi":"10.1109/APMRC.2004.1521923","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APMRC.2004.1521923","url":null,"abstract":"To realize higher track density of HDD, the servo bandwidth should be higher, however, is limited by the mechanical resonances of the arm, coil of the VCM and ball bearing pivot. One approach to overcoming the problem is using dual stage servo system. For this system, we have suggested new milliactuator based on the shear mode of piezoelectric elements to drive the head suspension assembly. The initial model introduced is the APMRC 2002, and now we improve that model. The milliactuator is added flexure structure for femto slider and applied optimal design process. The objective function is to maximize frequencies of 2nd torsional mode and sway mode with stable compliance of the disk flutter. The improved suspension with milliactuator is analyzed about shock characteristics for mobile application.","PeriodicalId":445247,"journal":{"name":"APMRC 2004 Asia-Pacific Magnetic Recording Conference, 2004.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132539670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-08-16DOI: 10.1109/APMRC.2004.1521947
Seung-Hi Lee, C. Chung
This paper is to design an optimal discrete-time dual-stage actuator (DSA) control system and to present application results. An optimal control design technique is proposed to minimize destructive interference between two actuators so as to design a fixed order dual-stage actuator control system producing good time and frequency responses
{"title":"Dual-stage servo system for computer disk drives: design and application results","authors":"Seung-Hi Lee, C. Chung","doi":"10.1109/APMRC.2004.1521947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APMRC.2004.1521947","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is to design an optimal discrete-time dual-stage actuator (DSA) control system and to present application results. An optimal control design technique is proposed to minimize destructive interference between two actuators so as to design a fixed order dual-stage actuator control system producing good time and frequency responses","PeriodicalId":445247,"journal":{"name":"APMRC 2004 Asia-Pacific Magnetic Recording Conference, 2004.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133271497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-08-16DOI: 10.1109/APMRC.2004.1521931
Sung-Chang Lee, A. Polycarpou
A nonlinear dynamic model that includes realistic roughness, adhesion and friction, as well as the dynamics of a flying and contacting HDI was developed to characterize a pseudo-contacting HDI, intended for 1 Tbit/in/sup 2/. A pseudo-contacting recording system is designed to fly at few nanometers using an air-bearing and at the same time some features of the air-bearing surface are designed to contact with the rotating disk during operation. The model was favorably compared with flyability measurements, and then applied to a pseudo-contacting interface to investigate adhesion, friction, and contact forces as well as bouncing vibration. Contrasting earlier studies adopting a simple Coulomb friction, the friction model used in this work calculates the friction force at the interface, accounting for roughness and adhesion. It was found that unlike a fully flying HDI, adhesion plays a positive role in attaining pseudo-contact recording by reducing bouncing vibrations.
{"title":"Microtribodynamics of pseudo-contacting head-disk interfaces intended for 1 Tbit/in/sup 2/","authors":"Sung-Chang Lee, A. Polycarpou","doi":"10.1109/APMRC.2004.1521931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APMRC.2004.1521931","url":null,"abstract":"A nonlinear dynamic model that includes realistic roughness, adhesion and friction, as well as the dynamics of a flying and contacting HDI was developed to characterize a pseudo-contacting HDI, intended for 1 Tbit/in/sup 2/. A pseudo-contacting recording system is designed to fly at few nanometers using an air-bearing and at the same time some features of the air-bearing surface are designed to contact with the rotating disk during operation. The model was favorably compared with flyability measurements, and then applied to a pseudo-contacting interface to investigate adhesion, friction, and contact forces as well as bouncing vibration. Contrasting earlier studies adopting a simple Coulomb friction, the friction model used in this work calculates the friction force at the interface, accounting for roughness and adhesion. It was found that unlike a fully flying HDI, adhesion plays a positive role in attaining pseudo-contact recording by reducing bouncing vibrations.","PeriodicalId":445247,"journal":{"name":"APMRC 2004 Asia-Pacific Magnetic Recording Conference, 2004.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114039420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-08-16DOI: 10.1109/APMRC.2004.1521934
T. Yan, R. Lin
The purpose of this paper is to develop both numerical and experimental way that can be effectively used for vibration interaction prediction of the disk-spindle systems in HDD. First, the work focuses on the effective modeling method for the analysis of the vibration interaction of whole disks-spindle system. Second, the analytical results had been verified through the proposed experimental method using externally induced excitations for disk-spindle system in product assembly. The two set results agree very well. As shown, the numerical modeling and experiment methods can provide much information on design before to make hardware and verify it in lab.
{"title":"Vibration interaction characteristics of disks-spindle","authors":"T. Yan, R. Lin","doi":"10.1109/APMRC.2004.1521934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APMRC.2004.1521934","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to develop both numerical and experimental way that can be effectively used for vibration interaction prediction of the disk-spindle systems in HDD. First, the work focuses on the effective modeling method for the analysis of the vibration interaction of whole disks-spindle system. Second, the analytical results had been verified through the proposed experimental method using externally induced excitations for disk-spindle system in product assembly. The two set results agree very well. As shown, the numerical modeling and experiment methods can provide much information on design before to make hardware and verify it in lab.","PeriodicalId":445247,"journal":{"name":"APMRC 2004 Asia-Pacific Magnetic Recording Conference, 2004.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134182507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-08-16DOI: 10.1109/APMRC.2004.1521921
M. Tatewaki, T. Maruyama
The influence of aerodynamic excitation and the structural vibration analysis of arms and disks based on the excitation force that can be calculated by airflow analysis are evaluated. Then, a very easy-to-use system to calculate airflows and to follow up with evaluating vibration characteristics of internal structural bodies in HDD is developed. Airflow calculation is based on direct numerical simulation; therefore, actual fluidic phenomenon is reproduced.
{"title":"Aerodynamic vibration analysis coupled by fluid analysis of internal HDDs","authors":"M. Tatewaki, T. Maruyama","doi":"10.1109/APMRC.2004.1521921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APMRC.2004.1521921","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of aerodynamic excitation and the structural vibration analysis of arms and disks based on the excitation force that can be calculated by airflow analysis are evaluated. Then, a very easy-to-use system to calculate airflows and to follow up with evaluating vibration characteristics of internal structural bodies in HDD is developed. Airflow calculation is based on direct numerical simulation; therefore, actual fluidic phenomenon is reproduced.","PeriodicalId":445247,"journal":{"name":"APMRC 2004 Asia-Pacific Magnetic Recording Conference, 2004.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115876638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-08-16DOI: 10.1109/APMRC.2004.1521928
Xianke Gao, Q. H. Liu, L. W. Ruan, Zhuangjian Liu
The higher data rate has raised greater concern on the design of head interconnect which bridges communications between read/write (R/W) electronics and recording heads. This paper focuses on design issues relating to impedance matching and crosstalk that are important with regard to quality of signal transmission for high data rate recording. The influence of trace configuration on the impedance and crosstalk are analyzed. In this paper a new approach based on design of experiment (DoE) method is applied to such design problems. With the design consideration of uncontrollable sources, crosstalk is optimized with the robust design techniques.
{"title":"Sensitivity analysis and design optimization for head interconnect","authors":"Xianke Gao, Q. H. Liu, L. W. Ruan, Zhuangjian Liu","doi":"10.1109/APMRC.2004.1521928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APMRC.2004.1521928","url":null,"abstract":"The higher data rate has raised greater concern on the design of head interconnect which bridges communications between read/write (R/W) electronics and recording heads. This paper focuses on design issues relating to impedance matching and crosstalk that are important with regard to quality of signal transmission for high data rate recording. The influence of trace configuration on the impedance and crosstalk are analyzed. In this paper a new approach based on design of experiment (DoE) method is applied to such design problems. With the design consideration of uncontrollable sources, crosstalk is optimized with the robust design techniques.","PeriodicalId":445247,"journal":{"name":"APMRC 2004 Asia-Pacific Magnetic Recording Conference, 2004.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124279623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-08-16DOI: 10.1109/APMRC.2004.1521933
Y. Kawakubo, S. Miyazawa, K. Kobayashi, S. Kobatake, S. Nakazawa
Disk burnishing has been incorporated as a final process of disk surface finishing for reducing asperity height. We considered that disk burnishing must also reduce head wear. Conventionally, there have been two burnishing techniques, "Head Burnishing" (HB) and "Tape Burnishing" (TB). We proposed a burnishing technique, "Contact Burnishing" (CB) that used hard spherical sliders. In this paper, we show the effects of CB and TB on reducing head wear and close with the future direction for disk burnishing study. We compared pin wear on disk surfaces with and without CB and TB. Pin wear was reduced by both techniques. However, the wear rate decrease by them was not enough to realize zero wear. We consider TB and CB should be studied further to increase the asperity height reduction efficiency while maintaining disk surface quality.
{"title":"Disk burnishing for head wear reduction","authors":"Y. Kawakubo, S. Miyazawa, K. Kobayashi, S. Kobatake, S. Nakazawa","doi":"10.1109/APMRC.2004.1521933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APMRC.2004.1521933","url":null,"abstract":"Disk burnishing has been incorporated as a final process of disk surface finishing for reducing asperity height. We considered that disk burnishing must also reduce head wear. Conventionally, there have been two burnishing techniques, \"Head Burnishing\" (HB) and \"Tape Burnishing\" (TB). We proposed a burnishing technique, \"Contact Burnishing\" (CB) that used hard spherical sliders. In this paper, we show the effects of CB and TB on reducing head wear and close with the future direction for disk burnishing study. We compared pin wear on disk surfaces with and without CB and TB. Pin wear was reduced by both techniques. However, the wear rate decrease by them was not enough to realize zero wear. We consider TB and CB should be studied further to increase the asperity height reduction efficiency while maintaining disk surface quality.","PeriodicalId":445247,"journal":{"name":"APMRC 2004 Asia-Pacific Magnetic Recording Conference, 2004.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121111871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-08-16DOI: 10.1109/APMRC.2004.1521974
Fu-Cai Wang, Q. Jia, Song-Qin Gong
An automatic gain calibration method based on model reference adaptation for HDD servo is presented. Variations in VCM gain may cause variations in servo control stability margins and thus need to be compensated. The traditional model reference adaptive method is modified in this paper to generate the compensation gain adaptively. Experimental results show that after the compensation, the DC gain of the open-loop responses can be maintained nearly constant despite the variations in head position and operating temperature
{"title":"HDD servo loop gain calibration based on MRA method","authors":"Fu-Cai Wang, Q. Jia, Song-Qin Gong","doi":"10.1109/APMRC.2004.1521974","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APMRC.2004.1521974","url":null,"abstract":"An automatic gain calibration method based on model reference adaptation for HDD servo is presented. Variations in VCM gain may cause variations in servo control stability margins and thus need to be compensated. The traditional model reference adaptive method is modified in this paper to generate the compensation gain adaptively. Experimental results show that after the compensation, the DC gain of the open-loop responses can be maintained nearly constant despite the variations in head position and operating temperature","PeriodicalId":445247,"journal":{"name":"APMRC 2004 Asia-Pacific Magnetic Recording Conference, 2004.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121664809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-08-16DOI: 10.1109/APMRC.2004.1521946
Sung-won Park, Hyun-Seok Yang, T. Park, Young-Pil Park
As the track density on hard disk drives increases, more accurate track following performance is required. This paper addresses a disturbance observer design for enhanced tracking accuracy in HDD. This work proposes a new compensation scheme using accelerometer. By feeding back acceleration signal of actuator, input-output disturbances are estimated in real time. From the correlation analysis between disturbances, selective compensation is carried out. Through experimental results, the performance of the proposed design method is verified
{"title":"Disturbance observer design for enhanced track following using accelerometer in HDD","authors":"Sung-won Park, Hyun-Seok Yang, T. Park, Young-Pil Park","doi":"10.1109/APMRC.2004.1521946","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APMRC.2004.1521946","url":null,"abstract":"As the track density on hard disk drives increases, more accurate track following performance is required. This paper addresses a disturbance observer design for enhanced tracking accuracy in HDD. This work proposes a new compensation scheme using accelerometer. By feeding back acceleration signal of actuator, input-output disturbances are estimated in real time. From the correlation analysis between disturbances, selective compensation is carried out. Through experimental results, the performance of the proposed design method is verified","PeriodicalId":445247,"journal":{"name":"APMRC 2004 Asia-Pacific Magnetic Recording Conference, 2004.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133354485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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