The minimum connected dominating set (MCDS) of a given graph G is the smallest sub-graph of G such that every vertex in G belongs either to the sub-graph or is adjacent to a vertex of the sub-graph. Finding the MCDS in an arbitrary graph is a NP-Hard problem, and several approximation algorithms have been proposed for solving this problem in deterministic graphs, but to the best of our knowledge no work has been done on finding the MCDS in stochastic graphs. In this paper, the MCDS problem in the stochastic graphs is first introduced, and then a learning automata-based approximation algorithm called SCDS is proposed for solving this problem when the probability distribution function of the vertex weight is unknown. It is shown that by a proper choice of the parameters of the proposed algorithm, the probability with which the proposed algorithm find the MCDS is close enough to unity. The simulation results show the efficiency of the proposed algorithm in terms of the number of samplings.
{"title":"Approximating the Minimum Connected Dominating Set in Stochastic Graphs Based on Learning Automata","authors":"J. A. Torkestani, M. Meybodi","doi":"10.1109/ICIME.2009.133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIME.2009.133","url":null,"abstract":"The minimum connected dominating set (MCDS) of a given graph G is the smallest sub-graph of G such that every vertex in G belongs either to the sub-graph or is adjacent to a vertex of the sub-graph. Finding the MCDS in an arbitrary graph is a NP-Hard problem, and several approximation algorithms have been proposed for solving this problem in deterministic graphs, but to the best of our knowledge no work has been done on finding the MCDS in stochastic graphs. In this paper, the MCDS problem in the stochastic graphs is first introduced, and then a learning automata-based approximation algorithm called SCDS is proposed for solving this problem when the probability distribution function of the vertex weight is unknown. It is shown that by a proper choice of the parameters of the proposed algorithm, the probability with which the proposed algorithm find the MCDS is close enough to unity. The simulation results show the efficiency of the proposed algorithm in terms of the number of samplings.","PeriodicalId":445284,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Information Management and Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130831339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As growing of internet and e-learning in our country (Iran) and needing e-assessment as vital element of e-learning, it is possible to take test through preparing electronic assessment. In these systems, each lecturer prepares questions and save them in database system. Then students can connect to system and by entering the password and username attend in the exam. And finally they aware from their test result. The purpose of performing this kind of exams is using the computer to take a test in paperless form. In this paper, at first e-learning, e-assessment and its advantages and disadvantages are introduced. Then we illustrate how we implement e-assessment in Islamic Azad University in Iran which is based of synchronous and asynchronous models, and finally the problems of these kinds of assessment will be discussed.
{"title":"Computer Aided Assessment and its Situation in Higher Education: A Case Study from the Islamic Azad University in Iran","authors":"Maryam Honarmand","doi":"10.1109/ICIME.2009.137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIME.2009.137","url":null,"abstract":"As growing of internet and e-learning in our country (Iran) and needing e-assessment as vital element of e-learning, it is possible to take test through preparing electronic assessment. In these systems, each lecturer prepares questions and save them in database system. Then students can connect to system and by entering the password and username attend in the exam. And finally they aware from their test result. The purpose of performing this kind of exams is using the computer to take a test in paperless form. In this paper, at first e-learning, e-assessment and its advantages and disadvantages are introduced. Then we illustrate how we implement e-assessment in Islamic Azad University in Iran which is based of synchronous and asynchronous models, and finally the problems of these kinds of assessment will be discussed.","PeriodicalId":445284,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Information Management and Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129475762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Software project management becomes more challenging due to increase in budget investment and stiff business competition requiring urgent deliveries. The paper presents an approach to sharing solutions to software project management problems. It includes risk identification, risk analysis and planning, risk prioritization, risk monitoring and risk control. The model incorporates problem analysis of historical data of projects which gives a good basis for risk projection. Organizations get to share project management problems and solutions in anonymity.
{"title":"An Approach to Sharing Solutions to Software Project Management Problems","authors":"K. Hashim, A. A. Keshlaf","doi":"10.1109/ICIME.2009.141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIME.2009.141","url":null,"abstract":"Software project management becomes more challenging due to increase in budget investment and stiff business competition requiring urgent deliveries. The paper presents an approach to sharing solutions to software project management problems. It includes risk identification, risk analysis and planning, risk prioritization, risk monitoring and risk control. The model incorporates problem analysis of historical data of projects which gives a good basis for risk projection. Organizations get to share project management problems and solutions in anonymity.","PeriodicalId":445284,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Information Management and Engineering","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129924038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The main purpose of software requirements is to describe the functionality of the software. The requirements often serve as a basis for contracts as well as for communication between customers and developers. Prior researches also have shown that requirements’ errors have impact on software development and they are more expensive to fix during later stages than early stages in software development. Hence, the requirements model is normally developed during the analysis phase. The model presents a complete view of the systems’ requirement prior to the development of the actual system. In this paper researcher propose to create a requirements model for employee training management system (ETMS). The requirements model is validated through prototype. Since the proposed prototype is a Web application which is more complex compared to traditional client/server application, the UML extends named Web Application Extensions (WAE) is used to provide Web specific constructs for modeling the web information. This proposed requirements model provides a guideline for other employee training management system developers.
{"title":"A Requirements Model for Employees Training Management System: Applying WAE-UML","authors":"N. M. Nor","doi":"10.1109/ICIME.2009.67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIME.2009.67","url":null,"abstract":"The main purpose of software requirements is to describe the functionality of the software. The requirements often serve as a basis for contracts as well as for communication between customers and developers. Prior researches also have shown that requirements’ errors have impact on software development and they are more expensive to fix during later stages than early stages in software development. Hence, the requirements model is normally developed during the analysis phase. The model presents a complete view of the systems’ requirement prior to the development of the actual system. In this paper researcher propose to create a requirements model for employee training management system (ETMS). The requirements model is validated through prototype. Since the proposed prototype is a Web application which is more complex compared to traditional client/server application, the UML extends named Web Application Extensions (WAE) is used to provide Web specific constructs for modeling the web information. This proposed requirements model provides a guideline for other employee training management system developers.","PeriodicalId":445284,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Information Management and Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130022813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, a new watermarking method is presented to embed a binary watermark into an image. The proposed method uses a special type of fractal coding that its parameters are contrast scaling and the mean of range block. Also, it utilizes the fuzzy C-mean clustering to address the watermark bits. The experimental results show that the proposed method has high robustness against signal distortion such as JPEG compression, median filter and additive noise.
{"title":"Fractal Based Digital Image Watermarking Using Fuzzy C-Mean Clustering","authors":"Soheila Kiani, M. Moghaddam","doi":"10.1109/ICIME.2009.72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIME.2009.72","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a new watermarking method is presented to embed a binary watermark into an image. The proposed method uses a special type of fractal coding that its parameters are contrast scaling and the mean of range block. Also, it utilizes the fuzzy C-mean clustering to address the watermark bits. The experimental results show that the proposed method has high robustness against signal distortion such as JPEG compression, median filter and additive noise.","PeriodicalId":445284,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Information Management and Engineering","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121764698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A multi- sensor pixel based image fusion system using multi-resolution (MR) approach is proposed. Images captured by visual cameras are fused with those captured by night vision cameras for visibility improvement of a surveillance system and for driving at night or in bad weather conditions. Images captured by visual cameras in insufficient illumination generally have dark shadows and low contrast. This problem seriously affects other further processing schemes. Before fusion a pre visual image contrast enhancement process is done. Multi-resolution decomposition is performed at each input image and they are combined according to the predefined fusion rules. Different fusion rules are defined for the approximate and detail coefficients. The Contourlet transform is used for the multi-resolution decomposition. Contourlet transform has better performance in representing the image salient features such as edges, lines, curves and contours because of its anisotropy and directionality. It is therefore well-suited for multi-resolution image enhancement and fusion. The simulation results show that this approach gives encouraging results for applications in low light and/or non uniform lighting conditions. The composite image contains almost all of the salient features of the input images and it appears to be natural.
{"title":"Multi-Sensor Image Enhancement and Fusion for Vision Clarity Using Contourlet Transform","authors":"M. Asmare, V. Asirvadam, Lila Iznita","doi":"10.1109/ICIME.2009.112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIME.2009.112","url":null,"abstract":"A multi- sensor pixel based image fusion system using multi-resolution (MR) approach is proposed. Images captured by visual cameras are fused with those captured by night vision cameras for visibility improvement of a surveillance system and for driving at night or in bad weather conditions. Images captured by visual cameras in insufficient illumination generally have dark shadows and low contrast. This problem seriously affects other further processing schemes. Before fusion a pre visual image contrast enhancement process is done. Multi-resolution decomposition is performed at each input image and they are combined according to the predefined fusion rules. Different fusion rules are defined for the approximate and detail coefficients. The Contourlet transform is used for the multi-resolution decomposition. Contourlet transform has better performance in representing the image salient features such as edges, lines, curves and contours because of its anisotropy and directionality. It is therefore well-suited for multi-resolution image enhancement and fusion. The simulation results show that this approach gives encouraging results for applications in low light and/or non uniform lighting conditions. The composite image contains almost all of the salient features of the input images and it appears to be natural.","PeriodicalId":445284,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Information Management and Engineering","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128000459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Change management is very important to reduce risks and costs and maximizes the benefits of such major changes in business and information technology. Business Process Modeling (BPM) is the first and most important step in business process management lifecycle. BPM technology continues to face challenges in coping with dynamic business environments where requirements and goals are constantly changing at the execution time. In this paper a comparative study about the BPM languages and their runtime change management techniques will be provided and discussed.
{"title":"Change Management in Business Process Modeling Survey","authors":"Bassam Rajabi, S. Lee","doi":"10.1109/ICIME.2009.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIME.2009.25","url":null,"abstract":"Change management is very important to reduce risks and costs and maximizes the benefits of such major changes in business and information technology. Business Process Modeling (BPM) is the first and most important step in business process management lifecycle. BPM technology continues to face challenges in coping with dynamic business environments where requirements and goals are constantly changing at the execution time. In this paper a comparative study about the BPM languages and their runtime change management techniques will be provided and discussed.","PeriodicalId":445284,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Information Management and Engineering","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121265540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents an implementation and evaluation of Earned Value (EV) method of projects to improve earned value management system (EVMS) and forecasting time and cost for projects. These method use established consists of four variables: Scheduled Performance Index (SPI), Cost Performance Index (CPI), Cost Variance (CV), Schedule Variance (SV). The model has been validated by a simulation study using a progress generator a new software. This software was developed in Visual Studio 2008 – Visual Basic .NET 2008 and Microsoft Office Project 2007 and it included some basic assumptions and data were generated day by day randomly. The results show a strong relationship between response variable and above four predictors. Therefore, it can be concluded that the model could be used in a wide range of projects for EAC estimation.
本文提出了一种项目挣值方法的实施和评价方法，以改进项目挣值管理系统，预测项目的时间和成本。这些方法建立了四个变量:计划绩效指数(SPI)、成本绩效指数(CPI)、成本方差(CV)、计划方差(SV)。利用进度生成器软件进行了仿真研究，验证了模型的有效性。本软件是在Visual Studio 2008 - Visual Basic . net 2008和Microsoft Office Project 2007中开发的，它包含了一些基本的假设，数据是每天随机生成的。结果表明，反应变量与上述四个预测因子之间存在较强的相关性。因此，可以得出结论，该模型可以在广泛的项目中用于EAC估算。
{"title":"Implementation and Evaluation of Earned Value Index to Achieve an Accurate Project Time and Cost Estimation and Improve \"Earned Value Management System\"","authors":"I. Attarzadeh, Ow Siew Hock","doi":"10.1109/ICIME.2009.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIME.2009.22","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an implementation and evaluation of Earned Value (EV) method of projects to improve earned value management system (EVMS) and forecasting time and cost for projects. These method use established consists of four variables: Scheduled Performance Index (SPI), Cost Performance Index (CPI), Cost Variance (CV), Schedule Variance (SV). The model has been validated by a simulation study using a progress generator a new software. This software was developed in Visual Studio 2008 – Visual Basic .NET 2008 and Microsoft Office Project 2007 and it included some basic assumptions and data were generated day by day randomly. The results show a strong relationship between response variable and above four predictors. Therefore, it can be concluded that the model could be used in a wide range of projects for EAC estimation.","PeriodicalId":445284,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Information Management and Engineering","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121318049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), data aggregation schemes have been extensively investigated in order to reduce energy, although it has a great side-effect, the end to end delay is increased. This paper proposes a layered clustering structure for data aggregation in wireless sensor networks. In this proposed structure, each layer of clusters has specific delay and accuracy in order to aggregate the information within a given time and predetermined accuracy level. Our objective is the construction of an application-aware structure for data aggregation. In order to control the different accuracies of response, each layer has specific number of nodes. The number of clusters in each layers is set so as to control the time in order to aggregate and transfer data from nodes to the sink within a given deadlines of the application. The simulation presented here evaluates this structure in terms of average end to end delay, accuracy and energy consumption. The results show that this structure can satisfy different application requirements in data aggregation.
{"title":"A Delay and Accuracy Sensitive Data Aggregation Structure in Wireless Sensor Networks","authors":"F. Mirian, M. Sabaei","doi":"10.1109/ICIME.2009.132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIME.2009.132","url":null,"abstract":"In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), data aggregation schemes have been extensively investigated in order to reduce energy, although it has a great side-effect, the end to end delay is increased. This paper proposes a layered clustering structure for data aggregation in wireless sensor networks. In this proposed structure, each layer of clusters has specific delay and accuracy in order to aggregate the information within a given time and predetermined accuracy level. Our objective is the construction of an application-aware structure for data aggregation. In order to control the different accuracies of response, each layer has specific number of nodes. The number of clusters in each layers is set so as to control the time in order to aggregate and transfer data from nodes to the sink within a given deadlines of the application. The simulation presented here evaluates this structure in terms of average end to end delay, accuracy and energy consumption. The results show that this structure can satisfy different application requirements in data aggregation.","PeriodicalId":445284,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Information Management and Engineering","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126037300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper focuses on how the petri net models can be exploited by markov algorithm for performance modelling of client server using Wibree applications. We study a real world application and demonstrate the benefits in terms of modeling power and expressiveness that Wibree technology and QPN models with markov algorithm provide over conventional modeling paradigms such as queueing networks and petri nets. QPNs facilitate the integration of both hardware and software aspects of the system behavior in the improved model. This lends itself very well to modeling distributed component-based systems, such as modern e-business applications. Currently available tools and techniques for QPN analysis suffer the state space explosion problem, imposing a limit on the size of the models that are tractable. In addition to Wibree technology in the systems and using QPNs one can easily model simultaneous resource possession .synchronization, blocking and contentions for software resources. QPNs are very powerful as a performance analysis and prediction tool .Improved solution methods, which enables larger models to be analyzed and they need to be developed. By demonstrating the power of QPNs as a modeling paradigm in realistic scenarios. We hope to motivate further research in this area.
{"title":"Performance Modeling of Client-Server with Wibree Application Using Queueing Petri Nets and Markov Algorithm","authors":"V. Kirubanand, S. Palaniammal","doi":"10.1109/ICIME.2009.73","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIME.2009.73","url":null,"abstract":"This paper focuses on how the petri net models can be exploited by markov algorithm for performance modelling of client server using Wibree applications. We study a real world application and demonstrate the benefits in terms of modeling power and expressiveness that Wibree technology and QPN models with markov algorithm provide over conventional modeling paradigms such as queueing networks and petri nets. QPNs facilitate the integration of both hardware and software aspects of the system behavior in the improved model. This lends itself very well to modeling distributed component-based systems, such as modern e-business applications. Currently available tools and techniques for QPN analysis suffer the state space explosion problem, imposing a limit on the size of the models that are tractable. In addition to Wibree technology in the systems and using QPNs one can easily model simultaneous resource possession .synchronization, blocking and contentions for software resources. QPNs are very powerful as a performance analysis and prediction tool .Improved solution methods, which enables larger models to be analyzed and they need to be developed. By demonstrating the power of QPNs as a modeling paradigm in realistic scenarios. We hope to motivate further research in this area.","PeriodicalId":445284,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Information Management and Engineering","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126141903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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