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2017 13th IEEE Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE)最新文献

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Efficiency analysis of series machines under operation-dependent-failures 运行相关故障下串联机床的效率分析
Pub Date : 2017-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/COASE.2017.8256149
Chao-Bo Yan, Qianchuan Zhao
Series machines, i.e., machines connected in series with no buffering, are pervasive in production systems. In the analysis, design, and optimization of the series-machine system, the efficiency analysis is one of the most fundamental issues. There are not a lot of researches analyzing the efficiency of the series-machine system under the assumption of Operation-Dependent-Failures (ODF) mechanism and almost all of them assumed that machines break down in terms of ODF-I (i.e., the breakdown of a machine could make all other series machines forced down) rather than under ODF-II (i.e., the breakdown of a machine does not make any other series machines forced down). The reason that ODF-I is usually assumed in the literature is that the analysis of the series-machine system under ODF-II is much more complex than under ODF-I, although ODF-II might be more common in practice. To systematically analyze the efficiency of the series-machine system, in this paper, we propose an analytical method to investigate the efficiency under both ODF-I and ODF-II failure mechanisms. Different from under ODF-I, analytical expressions of the efficiency of series-machine systems under ODF-II are hard to obtain and thus, limit bounds of the efficiency are derived and an algorithm is developed to calculate its exact value. Results show that the series-machine system under ODF-II is more efficient than under ODF-I, which, intuitively making sense, is the reason that ODF-II are more common in the industry.
串联机器,即没有缓冲的串联连接的机器,在生产系统中普遍存在。在联机系统的分析、设计和优化中,效率分析是最基本的问题之一。在ODF (operating - dependence - failures)机制下分析串联机系统效率的研究并不多,而且几乎都是假设机器在ODF- i(即一台机器的故障会使其他所有串联机器被迫停机)下发生故障,而不是假设在ODF- ii(即一台机器的故障不会使其他任何串联机器被迫停机)下发生故障。文献中通常假设ODF-I的原因是,在ODF-II下对系列机系统的分析要比在ODF-I下复杂得多,尽管在实践中ODF-II可能更常见。为了系统地分析串联机系统的效率,本文提出了一种分析方法来研究ODF-I和ODF-II失效机制下的效率。与ODF-I条件下不同,ODF-II条件下串联机系统效率的解析表达式难以求出,因此推导了效率的极限界,并提出了计算效率精确值的算法。结果表明,ODF-II下的系列机系统比ODF-I下的系统效率更高,这也是ODF-II在行业中更为普遍的原因。
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引用次数: 0
Initial experiment of practical algorithm for precision motion control of human-like tendon-driven joint mechanism 仿人肌腱驱动关节机构精确运动控制实用算法的初步实验
Pub Date : 2017-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/COASE.2017.8256311
Hyunhwan Jeong, Bongki Kang, J. Cheong
This paper presents a new precision control algorithm for the antagonistic tendon-driven joint (TDJ) which has human-like structure. The antagonistic TDJ mechanism has the flexibility of joints by properties of the tendon and mechanical uncertainties by its complex structure, which renders it difficult to control the TDJ mechanism. In order to deal with this difficulty in control, we perform modeling of the TDJ and propose a new control method which enables high precision operation by compensating for mechanical uncertainties. We verify the effectiveness of the proposed control method by extensive experimental tests to our developed TDJ manipulator system.
针对具有仿人结构的拮抗肌腱驱动关节(TDJ)提出了一种新的精确控制算法。拮抗性TDJ机制由于其肌腱的特性而具有关节的柔韧性,同时由于其复杂的结构而具有力学的不确定性,使得TDJ机制难以控制。为了解决这一控制难题,我们对TDJ进行了建模,并提出了一种新的控制方法,通过补偿机械不确定性来实现高精度操作。通过对所开发的TDJ机械手系统进行大量的实验测试,验证了所提出的控制方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
A simulation-based benders' cuts generation for the joint workstation, workload and buffer allocation problem 基于仿真的弯管机切割生成联合工作站、工作量和缓冲区分配问题
Pub Date : 2017-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/COASE.2017.8256247
Mengyi Zhang, A. Matta, A. Alfieri, Giulia Pedrielli
The Discrete Event Optimization (DEO) framework was recently proposed to formulate the simulation-optimization model of the Joint Workstation, Workload and Buffer Allocation Problem (JWWBAP) of the open flow line. However, the computational effort to solve the DEO model at optimality is quite high, because it is a mixed integer linear programming model. This work proposes a simulation cutting approach to efficiently solve the DEO model of the JWWBAP. Specifically, the DEO model is decomposed into an optimization model and a simulation model, which are the master problem and the subproblem in Benders decomposition, respectively. The optimization model is solved to find a system configuration, and the simulation model is solved to add cuts to the optimization model. An algorithm is proposed to generate cut using the simulation trajectory. Numerical analysis shows that the exact DEO model can be solved efficiently.
提出了离散事件优化(DEO)框架,建立了开放流水线联合工作站、工作量和缓冲区分配问题(JWWBAP)的仿真优化模型。然而,由于DEO模型是一个混合整数线性规划模型,求解其最优性的计算量相当大。本文提出了一种仿真切割方法来有效地求解JWWBAP的DEO模型。具体来说,将DEO模型分解为优化模型和仿真模型,这两个模型分别是bender分解中的主问题和子问题。通过求解优化模型找到系统组态,通过求解仿真模型在优化模型中添加切削量。提出了一种利用仿真轨迹生成切口的算法。数值分析表明,精确的DEO模型可以有效地求解。
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引用次数: 6
An automatic system for the avoidance of wrist singularities in anthropomorphic manipulators 拟人机械臂腕部奇点自动避免系统
Pub Date : 2017-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/COASE.2017.8256280
C. Bianco, Marina Raineri
The automatic management of kinematic singularities for trajectories planned in the operational space is a topic which is attracting a renewed interest in the scientific community. In fact, the numerical efficiency of the strategies recently proposed makes them suitable to be exploited in industrial contexts. The approach proposed in this paper can be collocated within this framework, since it allows executing trajectories in the operational space which pass through wrist singularities. It introduces several novelties w.r.t. known alternative strategies. First of all, trajectories in the operational space are planned on-the-fly, so that singularities are handled in real-time. This result is obtained by changing slightly the tool-frame orientation, while strictly preserving the assigned Cartesian paths and the time-laws. Furthermore, the approach is effective also for manipulators moving at standard operative speeds and it explicitly handles given limits on joint velocities and accelerations. Results are experimentally validated through an anthropomorphic industrial manipulator.
在操作空间中规划轨迹的运动奇异点的自动管理是科学界重新关注的一个话题。事实上,最近提出的策略的数值效率使它们适合在工业环境中使用。本文提出的方法可以在这个框架内进行组合,因为它允许在操作空间中执行通过手腕奇点的轨迹。它介绍了一些新奇的东西,而不是已知的替代策略。首先,对操作空间中的轨迹进行动态规划,以便实时处理奇异点。该结果是通过稍微改变刀架方向,同时严格保持指定的笛卡尔路径和时间规律而获得的。此外,该方法对于以标准操作速度移动的机械手也是有效的,并且它明确地处理给定的关节速度和加速度限制。通过拟人工业机械手对实验结果进行了验证。
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引用次数: 7
Physical internet-enabled E-commerce logistics park platform 实体互联网电子商务物流园区平台
Pub Date : 2017-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/COASE.2017.8256138
Xiang T. R. Kong, Ming Li, Ying Yu, Zhiheng Zhao, G. Huang
E-commerce logistics park is zoned and planned to achieve highly efficient order fulfilment process while adapting to the increasing demands. However, how to improve the sharing, coordination and synchronization of resources (e.g. operators, machines, spaces and tools) across multi-echelon E-commerce logistics chain is still challenging. This paper introduces a multi-layer physical internet (PI)-enabled cloud platform to enable logistics assets virtualization and real-time control, reconfigurable task coordination and execution as well as simultaneous-and-punctual process synchronization.
电子商务物流园区的分区和规划,以实现高效的订单履行过程,同时适应日益增长的需求。然而,如何提高电子商务多层次物流链中资源(如操作员、机器、空间和工具)的共享、协调和同步仍然是一个挑战。本文介绍了一个基于物理互联网(PI)的多层云平台,实现了物流资产的虚拟化和实时控制、可重构的任务协调和执行以及同步和准时的过程同步。
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引用次数: 6
Automated design of the field-of-view, illumination, and image pre-processing parameters of an image recognition system 图像识别系统的视场、照明和图像预处理参数的自动设计
Pub Date : 2017-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/COASE.2017.8256249
Yibing Chen, T. Ogata, T. Ueyama, Toshiyuki Takada, J. Ota
Machine vision is playing an increasingly important role in the industrial field, and the automated design of image recognition systems has been the subject of intense research. In this study, we proposed a system that is capable of automatically designing the field-of-view of an image recognition system, based on the relationship between the camera and the target objects, the illumination conditions, and the image preprocessing parameters. We reformulated the design problem as an optimization problem, and used a multi-start nearest neighbor search method to solve it. Two evaluation experiments were conducted, with different distances between the target objects. The results demonstrated that the system was able to choose an appropriate field-of-view, illumination conditions, and image pre-processing parameters, taking account of the distance between target objects and the required accuracy of recognition.
机器视觉在工业领域发挥着越来越重要的作用,图像识别系统的自动化设计一直是人们研究的热点。在本研究中,我们提出了一种基于相机与目标物体之间的关系、光照条件和图像预处理参数自动设计图像识别系统视场的系统。我们将设计问题重新表述为优化问题,并采用多起点最近邻搜索法求解。在目标物体距离不同的情况下,进行了两次评价实验。结果表明,该系统能够考虑目标物体之间的距离和所需的识别精度,选择合适的视场、光照条件和图像预处理参数。
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引用次数: 4
Fast adaptive search on the line in dual environments 双环境下在线快速自适应搜索
Pub Date : 2017-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/COASE.2017.8256322
Junqi Zhang, Yuheng Wang, Mengchu Zhou
A stochastic point location problem considers that a learning mechanism (agent, algorithm, etc.) searches the target point on a one-dimensional domain by operating a controlled random walk after receiving some direction information from a stochastic environment. A method named Adaptive Step Search has been the fastest algorithm so far for solving a stochastic point location problem, which can be applied in Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), the establishment of epidemic models and many other scenarios. However, its application is theoretically restrained within the range of informative environment in which the probability of an environment providing a correct suggestion is strictly bigger than a half. Namely, it does not work in a deceptive environment where such a probability is less than a half. In this paper, we present a novel promotion to overcome the difficult issue facing Adaptive Step Search, by means of symmetrization and buffer techniques. The new algorithm is able to operate a controlled random walk in both informative and deceptive environments and to converge eventually without performance loss. Finally, experimental results demonstrate that the proposed scheme is efficient and feasible in dual environments.
随机点定位问题考虑的是一种学习机制(agent、算法等)在从随机环境中接收到一定方向信息后,通过有控制的随机行走,在一维域上搜索目标点。自适应步进搜索(Adaptive Step Search)方法是目前求解随机点定位问题最快的算法,可应用于粒子群优化(PSO)、流行病模型的建立以及许多其他场景。然而,它的应用在理论上受到信息环境范围的限制,即一个环境提供正确建议的概率严格大于1 / 2。也就是说,它在欺骗的环境中不起作用,因为这种概率小于1 / 2。在本文中,我们提出了一种新的改进方法,利用对称和缓冲技术来克服自适应步进搜索所面临的难题。新算法能够在信息性和欺骗性环境下进行可控随机游走,并最终在不损失性能的情况下收敛。实验结果表明,该方案在双环境下是有效可行的。
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引用次数: 2
Model-based reinforcement learning approach for deformable linear object manipulation 基于模型的可变形线性对象处理强化学习方法
Pub Date : 2017-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/COASE.2017.8256194
Haifeng Han, G. Paul, Takamitsu Matsubara
Deformable Linear Object (DLO) manipulation has wide application in industry and in daily life. Conventionally, it is difficult for a robot to manipulate a DLO to achieve the target configuration due to the absence of the universal model that specifies the DLO regardless of the material and environment. Since the state variable of a DLO can be very high dimensional, identifying such a model may require a huge number of samples. Thus, model-based planning of DLO manipulation would be impractical and unreasonable. In this paper, we explore another approach based on reinforcement learning. To this end, our approach is to apply a sample-efficient model-based reinforcement learning method, so-called PILCO [1], to resolve the high dimensional planning problem of DLO manipulation with a reasonable number of samples. To investigate the effectiveness of our approach, we developed an experimental setup with a dual-arm industrial robot and multiple sensors. Then, we conducted experiments to show that our approach is efficient by performing a DLO manipulation task.
可变形线性对象(DLO)操作在工业和日常生活中有着广泛的应用。通常情况下,由于不考虑材料和环境,缺乏指定DLO的通用模型,机器人很难操纵DLO实现目标配置。由于DLO的状态变量可能是非常高维的,因此识别这样的模型可能需要大量的样本。因此,基于模型的DLO操作规划是不切实际和不合理的。在本文中,我们探索了另一种基于强化学习的方法。为此,我们的方法是采用一种基于样本效率模型的强化学习方法,即所谓的PILCO[1],以合理的样本数量来解决DLO操作的高维规划问题。为了研究我们方法的有效性,我们开发了一个带有双臂工业机器人和多个传感器的实验装置。然后,我们进行了实验,通过执行DLO操作任务来证明我们的方法是有效的。
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引用次数: 24
Transmission capacity margin assessment in power systems with uncertain wind integration 不确定风电并网系统的输电容量裕度评估
Pub Date : 2017-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/COASE.2017.8256296
Yafei Yang, Xuejiao Lei, Q. Zhai, Jiang Wu, X. Guan
High penetration of renewable resources will increase the risk of overloading transmission lines and the difficulty of controlling transmission grid in a safe operation. In this paper, a model for transmission capacity margin assessment (TCMA) is established to quantify the transmission security with uncertain wind generation. The basic formulation is reformulated as a two-stage non-differentiable programming model. It can be transformed into a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) by duality theory and specific linearization techniques. Furthermore, an effective procedure is developed to improve the transmission capacity margin by necessary wind curtailment. A detailed case study is performed on the IEEE 31-bus system and numerical results verify the effectiveness of this TCMA framework.
可再生资源的高渗透率将增加输电线路过载的风险和控制输电网安全运行的难度。为了对风电不确定情况下的输电安全进行量化,建立了输电容量裕度评估模型。将基本公式重新表述为两阶段不可微规划模型。利用对偶理论和特定的线性化技术,可以将其转化为混合整数线性规划。此外,还开发了一种有效的程序,通过必要的弃风来提高输电容量裕度。在IEEE 31总线系统上进行了详细的案例研究,数值结果验证了该TCMA框架的有效性。
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引用次数: 2
An improved symbiotic organisms search algorithm for low-yield stepper scheduling problem 低产量步进调度问题的改进共生生物搜索算法
Pub Date : 2017-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/COASE.2017.8256117
Sikai Gong, Ran Huang, Zhengcai Cao
A stepper in a lithography area is the bottleneck machine of a semiconductor manufacturing process. Its effective scheduling in low-yield scenes can improve throughput and profits of a semiconductor wafer fabrication facility. This paper presents an opposition-based Symbiotic Organisms Search with a catastrophe phase algorithm (OBSOS-CA) to minimize the makespan of this scheduling problem. The opposition-based learning technique is used to increase the population diversity in the initial and parasitism phases of Symbiotic Organisms Search (SOS). Moreover, we add a catastrophe phase containing three parts. When the algorithm is trapped in a local optimum, a catastrophe judgement and an extinction operation are used to jump out of the local optimal solution. Meanwhile, variable neighborhood descent is employed in the mutualism phase and commensalism phase of SOS as the explosion operation thereby strengthening the ability of local search. Simulation results demonstrate that OBSOS-CA is effective for a low-yield stepper scheduling problem.
光刻领域的步进机是半导体制造过程中的瓶颈机器。它在低良率场景下的有效调度可以提高半导体晶圆制造工厂的吞吐量和利润。本文提出了一种基于对立的共生生物搜索方法,并结合突变阶段算法(OBSOS-CA)来最小化该调度问题的最大完工时间。在共生生物搜索(SOS)的初始阶段和寄生阶段,利用基于对立的学习技术增加种群多样性。此外,我们添加了一个包含三个部分的灾难阶段。当算法陷入局部最优时,采用突变判断和消光运算跳出局部最优解。同时,在SOS的共生阶段和共生阶段采用可变邻域下降作为爆炸操作,增强了局部搜索能力。仿真结果表明,OBSOS-CA算法对低产量步进调度问题是有效的。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
2017 13th IEEE Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE)
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