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The Adolescent at the Center of Activity Systems in the Context of COVID-19: Redefining Routines and Relationships at the Heart of Learning
IF 0.8 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.17759/chp.2021170213
S. Barma, R. Deslandes, N. Ste-Marie
In March 2020, teenagers in Quebec, Canada suddenly faced with a challenge related to the way their learning activity was mediated following the closure of schools due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Studies reporting the effects of human disasters and confinement in young people are limited. This study identifies the tensions experienced by 1057 adolescents as they redefine their relationship to family life, learning and school: mediation tools to their learning activities, spatio-temporal redefinition of their activities, modification of relationships with significant adults for them. Two theoretical frameworks are combined: the overlapping spheres of influence model and cultural historical activity theory. A questionnaire was sent online on an opensource survey software. The results present the demographic characteristics of the adolescents' participants and their family, their general state of mind and daily routines adjustments at school and at home, and their perceptions with regards to their relations to their peers, teachers and their parents' support. Findings pinpoint the tensions related to loss in the activity systems of adolescents as their school activity is challenged by the pandemic and proposes avenues to put in place a boundary zone to support the adolescent.
2020年3月,加拿大魁北克省的青少年突然面临着一个挑战,即在新冠肺炎大流行导致学校停课后,如何调节他们的学习活动。报告人类灾害和禁闭对年轻人影响的研究是有限的。本研究确定了1057名青少年在重新定义他们与家庭生活、学习和学校的关系时所经历的紧张:他们学习活动的中介工具,他们活动的时空重新定义,他们与重要成年人的关系的修改。两个理论框架相结合:重叠影响范围模型和文化历史活动理论。一份调查问卷是通过一个开源调查软件在线发送的。结果显示了青少年参与者及其家庭的人口统计学特征,他们在学校和家里的一般心理状态和日常生活调整,以及他们对与同龄人、老师和父母支持的关系的看法。调查结果指出,由于青少年的学校活动受到大流行的挑战,他们的活动系统中存在与损失相关的紧张关系,并提出了建立边界区以支持青少年的途径。
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引用次数: 1
In Memoriam. A Tribute to Boris Meshcheryakov 为纪念。向Boris Meshcheryakov致敬
IF 0.8 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.17759/chp.20211703
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引用次数: 0
To the 90th Anniversary of V.P. Zinchenko and V.M. Munipov — the “Fathers” of Ergonomics 为“人体工程学之父”Zinchenko和munpov的90周年纪念
IF 0.8 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.17759/chp.2021170415
V. Zaretsky
The article is devoted to the anniversary dates of the outstanding Russian psychologists V.P. Zinchenko and V.M. Munipov, who have worked together for many years in the field of ergonomics and psychology. Their activities contributed to the formation of ergonomics as a scientific discipline, a change in the thinking of work designers, a shift in the focus of attention from the technical properties of products to their ergonomic properties, to the design of human activities. The article contains a short story about the formation of ergonomics as a scientific discipline in the USSR and about the role of the tandem "V.P. Zinchenko—V.M. Munipov". Their role is shown in the formation of not only ergonomics, but also practical psychology, in the maintenance, development and further transmission of the tradition of cultural-historical psychology.
这篇文章是为了纪念杰出的俄罗斯心理学家V.P. Zinchenko和V.M. Munipov的周年纪念日,他们在人体工程学和心理学领域合作多年。他们的活动促成了人体工程学作为一门科学学科的形成,改变了工作设计师的思维,将注意力的焦点从产品的技术特性转移到产品的人体工程学特性,转移到人类活动的设计。这篇文章包含了一个关于人类工程学在苏联作为一门科学学科的形成以及串联“V.P.津琴科- v.m.”的作用的小故事。Munipov”。它们的作用不仅表现在人体工程学的形成,而且表现在实践心理学的形成,表现在文化历史心理学传统的维护、发展和进一步传承上。
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引用次数: 0
The Chronotope of Cultural-Historical Science of Activity 活动的文化史科学的计时表
IF 0.8 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.17759/chp.2021170305
B. Meshcheryakov
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引用次数: 0
Prerequisites for Accepting the Digital Educational Environment in New Cultural and Historical Conditions 新的文化历史条件下接受数字化教育环境的前提
IF 0.8 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.17759/chp.2021170315
N. Radchikova, M. Odintsova, M. Sorokova
According to cultural historical activity theory motivation, adaptability, study-related experience (“perezhivanie”), and moral codes may be considered as prerequisites for Digital educational environment (DEE) acceptance. To measure the attitudes towards DEE a Scale for Assessing University Digital Edu¬cational Environment was used (AUDEE Scale by M. Sorokova, M. Odintsova, and N. Radchikova). Aca¬demic motivation was evaluated by “Academic Motivation Scales” Questionnaire (by T. Gordeeva, O. Sy¬chev, and E. Osin). Study-related experiences were measured by Activity-Related Experiences Assessment technique (AREA) developed by D. Leontiev and his colleagues. Moral behavior was evaluated with the help of Moral Disengagement Questionnaire (MD-24) adapted by Y. Ledovaya and her colleagues. Stu¬dents’ adaptability was accessed by a questionnaire developed by T. Dubovitskaya and A. Krylova. 406 stu¬dents of Moscow State University of Psychology and Education took part in the investigation (90,1% fe¬male). The average age was 28,7±9,6 years (median = 24 years) varying from 19 to 72 years. The results showed that it is possible to distinguish two groups based on the results of AUDEE scale: Acceptance group and Resistance group. Acceptance group has higher scores in almost all motivation indicators, study-related experiences of pleasure and meaning, adaptability to educational activities, and lower scores in five out of seven moral disengagement strategies. Statistical analysis (classification trees) showed that motiva¬tion (both external and internal) and study-related experience are key resources for the DEE acceptance.
根据文化历史活动理论,动机、适应性、学习相关经验(“perezhivanie”)和道德规范可以被认为是接受数字教育环境(DEE)的先决条件。为了测量学生对数字化教育的态度,我们使用了大学数字化教育环境评估量表(由M. Sorokova、M. Odintsova和N. Radchikova编写的AUDEE量表)。学术动机采用“学术动机量表”问卷(T. Gordeeva, O. sychev, E. Osin)进行评估。研究相关体验采用由D. Leontiev及其同事开发的活动相关体验评估技术(AREA)进行测量。道德行为评估采用由Y. Ledovaya及其同事改编的道德脱离问卷(MD-24)。学生的适应能力通过T. Dubovitskaya和a. Krylova编制的问卷进行调查。莫斯科国立心理与教育大学的406名学生参加了调查(90.1%为男性)。平均年龄28.7±9.6岁(中位24岁),19 ~ 72岁不等。结果表明,根据AUDEE量表的结果可以区分两组:接受组和抵抗组。接受组在几乎所有动机指标、与学习相关的快乐和意义体验、对教育活动的适应性方面得分较高,在7项道德脱离策略中的5项得分较低。统计分析(分类树)表明,动机(外部和内部)和学习相关经验是DEE接受的关键资源。
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引用次数: 3
Acculturation Attitudes and Psychological Well-Being of Russians in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan: The Moderating Role of Perceived Security 吉尔吉斯斯坦和塔吉克斯坦俄罗斯人的文化适应态度与心理健康:安全感的调节作用
IF 0.8 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.17759/chp.2021170404
V. Galyapina
More than 400 thousand Russians remain in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan after the collapse of the USSR. They have to adapt to the changing conditions, and it is important to study the factors that determine their psychological well-being. This study focuses on the moderating role of perceived security in the relationship between acculturation attitudes and psychological well-being of the Russians in the two Central Asian countries. The sample included 578 respondents. In the study, we used scales from the MIRIPS questionnaire and carried out analysis using the moderation models 1 and 3. The results showed that for the Russians in both countries, when perceived security was low, separation attitudes promoted self-esteem, while assimilation attitudes decreased it. The study also revealed the role of the context: in Tajikistan (less favorable context for the Russians), assimilation attitudes contributed to life satisfaction in situations of high perceived security, while in Kyrgyzstan (more favorable context) it was integration attitudes that determined life satisfaction when perceived security was high or medium. We may conclude that the context determines the preference of acculturation strategy that provides the Russians with life satisfaction in the situation of perceived security: the assimilation strategy in Tajikistan, and the integration strategy in Kyrgyzstan.
苏联解体后,仍有40多万俄罗斯人留在吉尔吉斯斯坦和塔吉克斯坦。他们必须适应不断变化的环境,研究决定他们心理健康的因素很重要。本研究主要探讨安全知觉在两中亚国家俄罗斯人文化适应态度与心理健康关系中的调节作用。样本包括578名受访者。在本研究中,我们使用MIRIPS问卷中的量表,并使用调节模型1和3进行分析。结果表明,两国俄罗斯人在安全感较低时,分离态度促进自尊,同化态度降低自尊。研究还揭示了环境的作用:在塔吉克斯坦(对俄罗斯人不利的环境),同化态度在高度感知安全的情况下对生活满意度有贡献,而在吉尔吉斯斯坦(更有利的环境),当感知安全为高或中等时,融合态度决定了生活满意度。我们可以得出结论,在安全感知的情况下,语境决定了为俄罗斯人提供生活满意度的文化适应策略的偏好:塔吉克斯坦的同化策略和吉尔吉斯斯坦的融合策略。
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引用次数: 0
Mastering Way of Action as an Integral Indicator of the Development of Intellectual Abilities in Learning: to the Problem of Constructing an Activity Diagnostics of Abilities 掌握行动方式作为学习中智力发展的整体指标——论构建能力活动诊断的问题
IF 0.8 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.17759/chp.2021170309
O. Glazunova, Y. Gromyko
The papers describes results of theoretical within activity approach analysis and experimental moni¬toring research of developed in educational institutions abilities. Authors propose theoretical conclusions that ability is determined by the individual acquisition of the ukturl way of action in joint activity when solving an educational problem. But at the same time ability is not identical with the revealed and recon¬structed way of action on that it is based. It is the abilities under formation that are being mastered by the student in the educational process represent one of the leading mechanisms, the protagonists of the development of human subjectivity. The papers presents results the monitoring diagnostics of the ability to understand in different age groups of schoolchildren. Diagnostics of the ability to understand was consid¬ered on the basis of students mastering 6 different methods and techniques of understanding. Authors claim сomplex activity diagnostics of the development of understanding, along with diagnostics of other abilities (reflection, theoretical thinking, mutual understanding, goal-setting, self-determination, etc.) makes it pos¬sible to assess the quality of national education.
本文介绍了教育机构能力发展的活动内理论方法分析和实验监测研究的结果。作者提出的理论结论是,能力是由个体在解决教育问题的联合活动中习得的真正的行动方式所决定的。但与此同时,能力并不等于它赖以存在的被揭示和重构的行为方式。学生在教育过程中所掌握的形成能力是主导机制之一,是人的主体性发展的主角。本文介绍了不同年龄组学童理解能力的监测诊断结果。在学生掌握6种不同的理解方法和技巧的基础上考虑理解能力的诊断。作者声称,对理解发展的复杂活动诊断,以及对其他能力(反思、理论思维、相互理解、目标设定、自决等)的诊断,使评估国民教育质量成为可能。
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引用次数: 2
F.T. Mikhailov: Appeal as a Cultural and Psychological Phenomenon 米哈伊洛夫:作为一种文化和心理现象的吸引力
IF 0.8 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.17759/CHP.2021170102
V. Kudryavtsev
Анализируется понятие «обращение», с введением которого связан один из фундаментальных вкладов Ф.Т. Михайлова в философию и теоретическую психологию. Раскрывается исторический и биографический контекст поисков Ф.Т. Михайлова, за которыми стоит классическая диалектическая традиция понимания человека и его творения — культуры. Многолетняя работа в психологии и контакты с психологами позволили по-новому реализовать эту традицию в ходе осмысления основ психологического знания в рамках культурно-исторического и деятельностного подходов. С точки зрения Ф.Т. Михайлова культура предстает как сфера воплощенных обращений людей (человеческих общностей) друг к другу. В логике этих обращений понимается процесс как творения культуры в истории, так и ее освоения в ходе индивидуального развития. Индивидуальное обращение, рассчитанное на «всеобщий» отклик лежит в основе любого человеческого действия. В адресных потоках взаимных обращений, «зовов-отзывов» (не только вербальных), выражающих жизненную необходимость людей друг в друге, и рождается человеческая общность, внутри которой люди становятся «естественными органами жизнедеятельности».
他们分析了“治疗”这个词,它与f.t. mihailov对哲学和理论心理学的基本贡献有关。mihailov搜索的历史和传记背景暴露了,这是理解人类和他的文化的经典辩证传统。多年的心理学工作和与心理学家的接触使这一传统得以在文化历史和行动方法的基础上重新实现。在f . t . mihailov看来,文化是人类(人类社区)相互交流的领域。这些呼吁的逻辑包括创造历史上的文化以及在个人发展过程中掌握文化的过程。个人的“普遍”反应是任何人类行为的基础。在互访的地址流中,“呼召-反馈”(不仅仅是口头的)表达了人们对彼此的需要,人类的共同之处诞生了,人类在其中成为“生命的自然器官”。
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引用次数: 0
Experimenting with Roles in Adolescence: Applying Drama for Constructing the Zone of Proximal Development 青少年角色实验:运用戏剧建构最近发展区
IF 0.8 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.17759/chp.2021170210
O. Rubtsova
In 2019 a multidisciplinary research project "Digital Storytelling Theater" was launched in Moscow State University of Psychology and Education. The project aims at elaborating, evaluating, and introducing drama technologies into secondary school settings with the goal of applying them as a powerful tool for learning and development. The article focuses on the ways, in which drama can be used for constructing the zone of proximal development in adolescence. It is argued that not any kind of drama-based activities is consistent with the principles of a developing environment in the framework of the Cultural-Historical Paradigm. Creating such a setting is a challenging research task, which requires organization of such types of activity and interaction as role exchanges and reflexive communication. On the example of creating a play with a class of adolescents, it is demonstrated how drama, based on role experimenting, can contribute to overcoming group contradictions, boosting learning motivation and turning personal "pereghivanije" into a resource for development (on the experience of living through the pandemic of COVID-19).
2019年,莫斯科国立心理与教育大学启动了一个多学科研究项目“数字讲故事剧场”。该项目旨在详细阐述、评估并将戏剧技术引入中学环境,目标是将其作为学习和发展的有力工具加以应用。本文着重探讨了戏剧在构建青少年最近发展区中的作用。本文认为,在文化历史范式的框架下,没有任何一种基于戏剧的活动是符合发展环境原则的。创造这样一个环境是一项具有挑战性的研究任务,它需要组织这样的活动和互动,如角色交换和反身性沟通。以与一群青少年一起创作戏剧为例,展示了以角色实验为基础的戏剧如何有助于克服群体矛盾,提高学习动机,并将个人“pereghivanije”转化为发展资源(根据2019冠状病毒病大流行期间的生活经验)。
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引用次数: 5
Overcoming the Semantic Barrier and Developing the Ability to Use Communicative Tools Part I. Issue. Method 克服语义障碍,培养使用交际工具的能力。方法
IF 0.8 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.17759/chp.2021170308
E. Soldatenkova
The article is devoted to the problem of the functional structure of communicative action. Based on theoretical analysis and many years of pedagogical experience of working with children with affective pathology (autism spectrum disorders), the author recreates and refines the studies of cultural-historical theory and answers its main question — a method problem: the influence of holistic interfunctional analysis on overcoming semantic bias (central defect and syndrome-forming factor of psychopathology) and the development of a more universal communication form — verbal communication in non-speaking children with autism spectrum disorders in preschool age (by means of restructuring the way the impaired function is realized). The described conditions can be taken into account when constructing an intermediary (lively communicative action) both in the practice of general education (to prevent the occurrence of motivational disorders and increase the age limit) and in working with children with affective pathology (especially with children with autism spectrum disorders).
本文主要研究交际行为的功能结构问题。基于理论分析和多年的情感病理(自闭症谱系障碍)儿童的教学经验,作者对文化历史理论的研究进行了再创造和完善,并回答了其主要问题-方法问题:整体功能交互分析对学龄前无语言自闭症谱系障碍儿童克服语义偏差(精神病理学中心缺陷和综合征形成因素)和发展更普遍的交际形式——言语交际的影响(通过重组功能受损的实现方式)。在普通教育实践(防止动机障碍的发生和增加年龄限制)和与情感病理儿童(特别是患有自闭症谱系障碍的儿童)一起工作时,在构建中介(活泼的交流行动)时,可以考虑到所描述的条件。
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引用次数: 0
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Kulturno-Istoricheskaya Psikhologiya-Cultural-Historical Psychology
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