Pub Date : 2022-02-28DOI: 10.25170/paradigma.v7i1.3140
Indira Rawiyakhirty
Corporations as legal entities or subjects can give a major contribution in increasing economic growth and national development, but there are times when corporations commit various criminal acts (corporate crime) that have a detrimental impact on the state and society. In reality, corporations can be a place to hide assets resulting from criminal acts that are not touched by the legal process in criminal liability. The problem of corporate responsibility as a perpetrator of a crime is not a simple matter, considering that a corporation is a legal entity, not a person who can be subject to imprisonment. In addition, the problem also stems from the principle of no crime without error (geen straf zonder schold). Mistakes are known as mens rea or bad intentions that naturally only exist in natural people. Mens rea is an element that is difficult to prove from a corporation that is considered to have committed a crime, considering that corporations can only take action through the organ of board of directors. Corporations can be considered to have committed a crime based on the actions of the person who supervises the management of the corporation. On December 21, 2016, the Supreme Court stipulates Supreme Court Regulation Number 13 of 2016 concerning Procedures for Handling Criminal Cases by Corporations (Perma No. 13 of 2016). The existence of Perma Number 13 of 2016 has become the basis for law enforcement to be more confident in taking action against corporations that commit criminal acts. This study aims to find out how criminal responsibility can be charged to PT Nindya Karya (Persero) as a perpetrator of corruption and how to apply Perma Number 13 of 2016 in handling corruption cases committed by PT Nindya Karya (Persero). The method used is normative research. The criminal liability that can be imposed on PT Nindya Karya (Persero) is the principal crime in the form of a fine with a maximum provision plus 1/3 (one third). The determination of PT Nindya Karya (Persero) as a suspect in a criminal act of corruption is a concrete step in law enforcement in Indonesia in ensnaring corporations as perpetrators of criminal acts. This determination is a breakthrough in law enforcement, especially for the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK) after the issuance of Perma No. 13/2016 which can be used as a guide in the implementation of handling corporate crimes.
公司作为法人实体或主体可以为促进经济增长和国家发展做出重大贡献，但有时公司会犯下对国家和社会产生有害影响的各种犯罪行为(公司犯罪)。在现实中，公司可能是隐藏犯罪行为所产生的资产的地方，而这些资产在刑事责任中不受法律程序的影响。考虑到公司是一个法律实体，而不是一个可以被监禁的人，作为犯罪行为人的公司责任问题不是一个简单的问题。此外，该问题还源于无过失不犯罪的原则(绿色地带学派)。错误被称为恶意或不良意图，自然只存在于正常人身上。由于法人只能通过董事会机关采取行动，因此很难从被认定为犯罪的法人身上证明犯罪意图。根据监督公司管理人员的行为，公司可以被视为犯罪。2016年12月21日，大法院制定了2016年第13号《关于法人处理刑事案件程序的大法院条例》(2016年第13号法令)。2016年第13号法律的存在已经成为执法部门更有信心对犯罪企业采取行动的基础。本研究旨在找出如何对PT Nindya Karya (Persero)作为腐败行为人提起刑事责任，以及如何在处理PT Nindya Karya (Persero)犯下的腐败案件中应用2016年第13号Perma。使用的方法是规范研究。可以对PT Nindya Karya (Persero)施加的刑事责任是主要犯罪，其形式是罚款，最高规定加上三分之一(三分之一)。将PT Nindya Karya (Persero)确定为腐败犯罪行为的嫌疑人，是印度尼西亚执法部门在将企业作为犯罪行为的肇事者绳之以法方面迈出的具体一步。这一决定是执法上的突破，特别是对于肃贪委员会(KPK)在发布第13/2016号Perma No. 13/2016之后，可以作为执行处理公司犯罪的指南。
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Pub Date : 2022-02-28DOI: 10.25170/paradigma.v7i1.3206
Marhaeni Ria Siombo, Nada Davinia
Perbuatan Melawan Hukum sebagaimana diatur pada Pasal 1365 KUHPerdata, yaitu bentuk perbuatan yang terjadi bukan karena hubungan yang didahului dengan adanya kesepakatan tetapi karena adanya perbuatan yang dianggap melawan hukum. Dalam tulisan ini membahas terkait pemberian kuasa dalam pelaksanaan Perjanjian Pengikatan Jual Beli yang dibatalkan secara sepihak, sehingga pihak lainnya yang merasakan dirugikan melakukan gugatan PMH ke Pengadilan negri dan kemudian dikabulkan. Suatu badan hukum hendak menjual sebagian dari 2 (dua) bidang tanah hak milik dan memberikan kuasa khusus kepada Penerima kuasa untuk melakukan Akta Pengikatan Jual Beli dengan pembeli. Saat proses sedang berjalan, pemberi kuasa akan mengakhiri Akta Pengikatan Jual Beli tersebut dengan alasan bahwa penerima kuasa telah bertindak melebihi kuasa yang diberikan. Pembeli tidak setuju untuk membatalkan Akta Pengikatan Jual Beli. Apakah pembeli dapat mengajukan keberatan dengan melakukan gugatan dengan dalil Perbuatan Melawan Hukum?Penulis menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif-empiris dalam tulisan ini. Penulis menemukan bahwa tindakan pemberi kuasa membatalkan Akta Pengikatan Jual Beli tersebut secara sepihak telah memenuhi unsur-unsur Perbuatan Melawan Hukum yang ada dalam Pasal 1365 Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata serta pengertian Perbuatan Melawan Hukum menurut Putusan Hoge Raad (Mahkamah Agung) Belanda tanggal 31 Januari 1919. Penulis juga menemukan bahwa karena pembatalan Akta Pengikatan Jual Beli oleh pemberi kuasa tidak sah, Akta Pengikatan Jual Beli tersebut tetap sah dan mengikat, sehingga perjanjian tetap berlaku dan pelaksanaan prestasi APJB.tersebut terus berjalan sesuai dengan isi perjanjian yang sudah disepakati.
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Pub Date : 2021-09-19DOI: 10.25170/paradigma.v6i02.2662
B. Wulandari
{"title":"Perempuan Indonesia Dan Transaksi Digital Dalam Perspektif Hukum","authors":"B. Wulandari","doi":"10.25170/paradigma.v6i02.2662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25170/paradigma.v6i02.2662","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":445925,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Paradigma Hukum Pembangunan","volume":"293 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115282445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-19DOI: 10.25170/paradigma.v6i02.2801
V. Sh
Abstract Industrial Relations Disputes are part of the employment relationship that aims to find solutions to disputes between workers and employers. Industrial relations disputes also occur in outsourcing companies, whether they are resolved bipartitely, tripartitely or through the industrial relations court. In principle, the tripartite dispute resolution is expected to optimize out-of-court dispute resolution for industrial relations disputes, but in reality the tripartite settlement is not considered optimal. This paper is intended to discuss normative juridical issues of dispute resolution at the tripartite level in outsourcing companies, supported by field data from the South Tangerang Manpower Office as supporting data. This data certainly cannot represent the same conditions for similar disputes in the territory the Republic of Indonesia, but it is hoped that it can contribute ideas to the implementation of tripartite industrial relations dispute resolution in outsourcing companies. Based on the normative juridical study, there are not many legal aspects that can examine the challenges of tripartite industrial relations dispute resolution in outsourcing companies, as seen from Law no. 30 of 1999, but with supporting data, the potential obstacles can at least be described from the data obtained at the Tangerang Manpower Office, so that development efforts are needed so that the settlement of industrial relations disputes in general and in outsourcing companies can be carried out more optimally. Abstrak Perselisihan Hubungan Industrial merupakan bagian dari hubungan ketenagakerjaan yang bertujuan untuk mencari solusi terhadap perselisihan antara pekerja dengan pemberi kerja. Permasalahan perselisihan hubungan industrial juga terjadi pada perusahaan alih daya baik yang diselesaikan secara bipartit, tripartit maupun melalui pengadilan hubungan industrial. Penyelesaian Sengketa secara tripartit pada prinsipnya diharapkan dapat mengoptimalkan penyelesaian sengketa diluar pengadilan bagi sengketa hubungan industrial namun kenyataannya penyelesaian secara tripartit dirasakan belum cukup optimal. Tulisan ini ditujukan untuk membahas secara yuridis normatif permasalaha penyelesaian sengketa pada tingkatan tripartit pada perusahaan alih daya dengan didukung data lapangan dari dinas tenaga kerja Tangerang Selatan sebagai suatu data pendukung. Data ini tentu tidak dapat mewakili kondisi yang sama untuk sengketa sejenis di wilayah Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia, namun diharapkan dapat memberikan sumbangan pemikiran terhadap pelaksanaan penyelesaian sengketa hubungan industrial secara tripartit pada perusahaan alih daya. Berdasarkan Kajian Yuridis Normatif tidak banyak aspek hukum yang dapat menelaahan tantangan penyelesaian sengketa hubungan industrial secara tripartit pada perusahaan alih daya dilihat dari UU No. 30 Tahun 1999, namun dengan adanya data pendukung, maka potensi kendala setidaknya dapat diuraikan dari data yang diper
劳资关系纠纷是劳动关系的一部分，旨在解决工人与雇主之间的纠纷。劳资关系纠纷也发生在外包公司，无论是双方解决，三方解决还是通过劳资关系法院解决。原则上，三方纠纷解决有望优化劳资关系纠纷的庭外纠纷解决，但在现实中，三方纠纷解决并不被认为是最优的。本文旨在探讨外包公司三方纠纷解决的规范性法律问题，并以南坦格朗人力资源办公室的实地数据为支持数据。这些数据当然不能代表印度尼西亚共和国境内类似纠纷的相同条件，但希望它可以为外包公司实施三方劳资关系纠纷解决提供思路。基于规范性的法学研究，可以考察外包公司劳资三方关系纠纷解决挑战的法律方面并不多，从第2号法可以看出。但有了支持数据，潜在的障碍至少可以从Tangerang人力资源办公室获得的数据中描述，因此需要发展努力，以便解决一般的劳资关系纠纷和外包公司可以更优化地进行。[摘要][中文]:浙江浙江工业有限公司(Industrial merupakan bagian dari Hubungan ketenagakerjaan) yang bertujuan untuk menencari solusi terhadap Perselisihan antara pekerja dengan penberi kerja。彭迪兰胡邦干实业有限公司(juga terjadi pada perushaan alih daya baik kan secara)。Penyelesaian senketa secara三方协议，协议，协议，协议，协议，协议，协议，协议，协议，协议，协议，协议，协议，协议，协议，协议，协议，协议，协议，协议，协议。设定ini ditujukan为她membahas secara yuridis normatif permasalaha penyelesaian sengketa篇tingkatan tripartit篇perusahaan alih亚都dengan didukung数据lapangan达里语砂石tenaga kerja坦塞拉坦风sebagai pendukung suatu数据。数据是由印尼国家统计局、国家统计局、国家统计局、国家统计局、国家统计局、国家统计局、国家统计局、国家统计局、国家统计局、国家统计局、国家统计局、国家统计局、国家统计局、国家统计局、国家统计局、国家统计局、国家统计局、国家统计局、国家统计局、国家统计局、国家统计局、国家统计局、国家统计局、国家统计局、国家统计局、国家统计局、国家统计局、国家统计局、国家统计局、国家统计局、国家统计局、国家统计局、国家统计局、国家统计局、国家统计局、国家统计局、国家统计局、国家统计局、国家统计局、国家统计局、国家统计局、国家统计局、国家统计局、国家统计局、国家统计局、国家统计局、国家统计局、国家统计局、国家统计局、国家统计局。1999年7月30日，中国政府发布了一份关于中国经济发展的报告，该报告是关于中国经济发展的，是关于中国经济发展的。sehinga diperlukan upaya penembangan AGAR penyelesaian senketa hubungan工业padumumnya maupun padushaan alih daya dapat terselenggara secara lebih最优。
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Pub Date : 2021-09-19DOI: 10.25170/paradigma.v6i02.2586
Puspaningtyas Panglipurjati
Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata regulates that an adult, who is in a continuous state of simple-mindedness, insanity or rage, shall be placed under conservatorship, notwithstanding that he might have mental capacity from time to time (mental disabilities). Similiar to that, Undang-Undang Penyandang Disabilitas regulates that people with disabilities can be declared as incapable of the law and placed under conservatorship by court judgment. The consequence of that conservatorship is an individual placed in conservatorship has no legal capacity and prohibited to do any legal action by themself. The perspective that be used in that two regulations and some court judgments in giving conservatorship is substituted decision making which the conservator substitutes the position of an individual placed in conservatorship. This concept actually is no longer appropriate with the new paradigm brought by CRPD, supported decision making. This issue makes the researcher did a normative research by using some secondary data as regulations and also some conservatorship court judgment. Based on the research, the researcher found that the regulations and some conservatorship court judgment do not support the efforts to fulfill the rights of person with disabilities to got an equality before the law especially to make any decisions.
《Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata》规定，对持续头脑简单、精神错乱或愤怒的成年人应予以监护，尽管他可能不时有精神能力(精神残疾)。与此类似，《Undang-Undang Penyandang Disabilitas》规定，残疾人可以被宣布为无法律行为能力，并由法院判决予以监护。这种监护的后果是被监护的个人没有法律行为能力，不能自行采取任何法律行动。在这两个条例和一些法院判决中使用的观点是替代决策，即保管人取代了被置于保管权中的个人的地位。这个概念实际上已经不再适合CRPD带来的新范式，支持决策。这一问题使得研究者利用一些二手资料作为规范，并结合一些托管法院的判决进行了规范性研究。在研究的基础上，研究人员发现，法规和一些监护法院的判决并不支持残疾人在法律面前获得平等的权利，特别是做出任何决定的努力。
{"title":"SEBUAH TELAAH ATAS REGULASI DAN PENETAPAN PENGAMPUAN BAGI PENYANDANG DISABILITAS DI INDONESIA DALAM PARADIGMA SUPPORTED DECISION MAKING","authors":"Puspaningtyas Panglipurjati","doi":"10.25170/paradigma.v6i02.2586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25170/paradigma.v6i02.2586","url":null,"abstract":"Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata regulates that an adult, who is in a continuous state of simple-mindedness, insanity or rage, shall be placed under conservatorship, notwithstanding that he might have mental capacity from time to time (mental disabilities). Similiar to that, Undang-Undang Penyandang Disabilitas regulates that people with disabilities can be declared as incapable of the law and placed under conservatorship by court judgment. The consequence of that conservatorship is an individual placed in conservatorship has no legal capacity and prohibited to do any legal action by themself. The perspective that be used in that two regulations and some court judgments in giving conservatorship is substituted decision making which the conservator substitutes the position of an individual placed in conservatorship. This concept actually is no longer appropriate with the new paradigm brought by CRPD, supported decision making. This issue makes the researcher did a normative research by using some secondary data as regulations and also some conservatorship court judgment. Based on the research, the researcher found that the regulations and some conservatorship court judgment do not support the efforts to fulfill the rights of person with disabilities to got an equality before the law especially to make any decisions. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":445925,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Paradigma Hukum Pembangunan","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128016218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-19DOI: 10.25170/paradigma.v6i02.2588
Indah Nur shanty Saleh
Abstract The judiciary body is at the forefront of enforcing Indonesian environmental law through judges' decisions that prioritize the preservation of environmental functions. Judges who have competence in the field of environmental law are expected to be able to make decisions in favor of environmental justice. However, the reality is that there are still many judges' decisions on environmental cases that are not in favor of justice and the interests of the preservation of environmental functions. The existence of Supreme Court Decree Number 134 / KMA / SK / IX / 2011 concerning Certification of Environmental Judges is also considered not optimal in increasing the competence of judges regarding environmental cases decision. This study is to identify, analyze, and explain the implications of environmental judge certification for the effectiveness of Indonesian environmental law enforcement. The type of research used is juridical normative or doctrinal, using secondary data sources which include primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. This research concludes that environmental judge certification is literally becoming an important and strategic aspect in the effort to bring the effectiveness of environmental law enforcement in Indonesia into reality. Up to now, the regulation of environmental judge certification has not been fully optimally implemented. This research considers that it is important to carry out legal reconstruction, in order to obtain an ideal concept related to environmental judge certification in an effort to have a solid and effective Indonesian environmental law enforcement. Keywords: judge certification, environment, law enforcement.
司法机构是通过法官优先保护环境功能的决定来执行印度尼西亚环境法的最前沿。在环境法领域有能力的法官被期望能够做出有利于环境正义的决定。然而，现实情况是，仍然有许多法官对环境案件的判决不利于正义和维护环境功能的利益。最高法院关于环境法官认证的第134 / KMA / SK / IX / 2011号法令的存在也被认为不是提高法官在环境案件裁决方面的能力的最佳选择。本研究旨在识别、分析及解释环境法官认证对印尼环境执法效能的影响。所使用的研究类型是法律规范或理论，使用二级数据来源，包括初级，二级和三级法律材料。这项研究的结论是，环境法官认证正在成为印度尼西亚环境执法工作的一个重要和战略方面。到目前为止，环境法官认证制度还没有得到充分的优化实施。本研究认为，重要的是要进行法律重构，以获得一个理想的环境法官认证相关概念，努力拥有一个坚实有效的印尼环境执法。关键词:法官资格认证，环境，执法。
{"title":"SERTIFIKASI HAKIM LINGKUNGAN HIDUP DAN IMPLIKASINYA BAGI EFEKTIVITAS PENEGAKAN HUKUM LINGKUNGAN INDONESIA","authors":"Indah Nur shanty Saleh","doi":"10.25170/paradigma.v6i02.2588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25170/paradigma.v6i02.2588","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract \u0000The judiciary body is at the forefront of enforcing Indonesian environmental law through judges' decisions that prioritize the preservation of environmental functions. Judges who have competence in the field of environmental law are expected to be able to make decisions in favor of environmental justice. However, the reality is that there are still many judges' decisions on environmental cases that are not in favor of justice and the interests of the preservation of environmental functions. The existence of Supreme Court Decree Number 134 / KMA / SK / IX / 2011 concerning Certification of Environmental Judges is also considered not optimal in increasing the competence of judges regarding environmental cases decision. This study is to identify, analyze, and explain the implications of environmental judge certification for the effectiveness of Indonesian environmental law enforcement. The type of research used is juridical normative or doctrinal, using secondary data sources which include primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. This research concludes that environmental judge certification is literally becoming an important and strategic aspect in the effort to bring the effectiveness of environmental law enforcement in Indonesia into reality. Up to now, the regulation of environmental judge certification has not been fully optimally implemented. This research considers that it is important to carry out legal reconstruction, in order to obtain an ideal concept related to environmental judge certification in an effort to have a solid and effective Indonesian environmental law enforcement. \u0000Keywords: judge certification, environment, law enforcement.","PeriodicalId":445925,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Paradigma Hukum Pembangunan","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124791733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-19DOI: 10.25170/paradigma.v6i02.2637
Moh. Jatim
Abstrak Pemerintah mempunyai hak mutlak di dalam membubarkan Organisasi kemasyarakatan setelah di sahkannya Peraturan pemerintah Pengganti Undang-Undang No 2 Tahun 2017 menjadi Undang-Undang Nomor 16 Tahun 2017 Tentang Organisasi Kemasyarakatann, hal ini jelas tidak mencerminkan prinsip dari sebuah negara yang mengeklaim dirinya sebagai Negara yang menjunjung supremasi hukum, dimana ciri-ciri dari Negara hukum itu menjunjung tinggi tentang hak asasi manusia dan pembagian kekuasaan. Argumentasi penggunaan asas contarius Actus sebagai alasan mendesak untuk membentuk suatu Peraturan Pemerintah Pengganti Undang Undang yang kemudian di sahkan menjadi Undang Undang memberikan batasan terhadap kemerdekaan berserikat yang di jamin oleh Pasal 28 dan Pasal 28J Undang-Undang Dasar tahun 1945. Berdasarkan Undang Undang Dasar Tahun 1945, sistem check and balances (pengawasan dan keseimbangan) sangat penting di tekankan di dalam pembagian kekuasaan yang jelas antara fungsi Eksekutif dan yudikatif. Artinya, di dalam pembubaran sebuah organisasi haruslah melibatkan pengadilan dengan cara melakukan penataan penyelesaian asas peradilan yang cepat, sederhana dan dengan biaya ringan sehingga proses penyelesaian sebuah masalah bisa di laksanakan secara singkat dan cepat. Kata Kunci : Organisasi kemasyarakatan, Negara Hukum, Kekuasaan Abstract The government has an absolute right in disbanding the Community Organization after the enactment of the Government Regulation Replacement Law No. 2 of 2017 into Law No. 16 of 2017 on Community Organizations, this clearly does not reflect the principle of a country that claims itself as a State that upholds the supremacy of the law, where the characteristics of the State law upholds human rights and the division of power. The argument of the use of the principle of contarius Actus as an urgent reason to form a Government Regulation Replacement Law which is then authorized into law provides limits on the freedom of association guaranteed by Article 28 and Article 28J of the Constitution of 1945. Based on the 1945 Constitution, the system of check and balances is very important in the clear division of power between the Executive and judicial functions. That is, in the dissolution of an organization must involve the court by structuring the settlement of judicial principles quickly, simply and at a small cost so that the process of solving a problem can be carried out briefly and quickly. Keywords: Community Organization, State of Law, Power
抽象政府里有动物权利解散后社会组织在政府法规sahkannya替补2号法律在2017年成为2017年16号法律关于Kemasyarakatann组织,这显然不能反映一个国家放弃自己的原则作为维护法治的国家,在法治国家的特征是维护关于人权和权力分配。《宪法》第28条和1945年《宪法》第28J条所保证的对工会自由的限制。根据1945年的基本法律，准备金制度在执行职能和司法职能之间明确划分权力方面是至关重要的。这意味着，在解散一个组织的过程中，必须以一种快速、简单、廉价的方式解决司法原则，以便在短时间内迅速完成问题。关键词:社会组织、法治国家权力抽象《政府绝对有一个就在disbanding enactment》之后的社区组织政府法律Regulation)替换= 2号进入2017年第16号法律》在2017年的社区做Organizations,这很明显不是反思《推开美国索偿不由自主a State university)的乡村那劳upholds霸权》,在《characteristics of The State university)法律upholds人权和权力的组织。这一论点是建立一个政府规定的法律修订原则的一个紧迫理由，因此授权其对自由协会的法律限制，由第28条和第28J条加以支持。基于1945年宪法，在执行和司法功能之间的清清性权力体系中，检查和平衡的系统是非常重要的。这一点，在一个组织的dissoltion中，必须巧妙地将审判结果与法庭联系起来。社区组织，法律国家，权力
{"title":"ANALISIS PEMBUBARAN ORGANISASI KEMASYARAKATAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF ASAS CONTARIUS ACTUS DALAM NEGARA HUKUM","authors":"Moh. Jatim","doi":"10.25170/paradigma.v6i02.2637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25170/paradigma.v6i02.2637","url":null,"abstract":"Abstrak \u0000Pemerintah mempunyai hak mutlak di dalam membubarkan Organisasi kemasyarakatan setelah di sahkannya Peraturan pemerintah Pengganti Undang-Undang No 2 Tahun 2017 menjadi Undang-Undang Nomor 16 Tahun 2017 Tentang Organisasi Kemasyarakatann, hal ini jelas tidak mencerminkan prinsip dari sebuah negara yang mengeklaim dirinya sebagai Negara yang menjunjung supremasi hukum, dimana ciri-ciri dari Negara hukum itu menjunjung tinggi tentang hak asasi manusia dan pembagian kekuasaan. Argumentasi penggunaan asas contarius Actus sebagai alasan mendesak untuk membentuk suatu Peraturan Pemerintah Pengganti Undang Undang yang kemudian di sahkan menjadi Undang Undang memberikan batasan terhadap kemerdekaan berserikat yang di jamin oleh Pasal 28 dan Pasal 28J Undang-Undang Dasar tahun 1945. Berdasarkan Undang Undang Dasar Tahun 1945, sistem check and balances (pengawasan dan keseimbangan) sangat penting di tekankan di dalam pembagian kekuasaan yang jelas antara fungsi Eksekutif dan yudikatif. Artinya, di dalam pembubaran sebuah organisasi haruslah melibatkan pengadilan dengan cara melakukan penataan penyelesaian asas peradilan yang cepat, sederhana dan dengan biaya ringan sehingga proses penyelesaian sebuah masalah bisa di laksanakan secara singkat dan cepat. \u0000Kata Kunci : Organisasi kemasyarakatan, Negara Hukum, Kekuasaan \u0000 \u0000Abstract \u0000The government has an absolute right in disbanding the Community Organization after the enactment of the Government Regulation Replacement Law No. 2 of 2017 into Law No. 16 of 2017 on Community Organizations, this clearly does not reflect the principle of a country that claims itself as a State that upholds the supremacy of the law, where the characteristics of the State law upholds human rights and the division of power. The argument of the use of the principle of contarius Actus as an urgent reason to form a Government Regulation Replacement Law which is then authorized into law provides limits on the freedom of association guaranteed by Article 28 and Article 28J of the Constitution of 1945. Based on the 1945 Constitution, the system of check and balances is very important in the clear division of power between the Executive and judicial functions. That is, in the dissolution of an organization must involve the court by structuring the settlement of judicial principles quickly, simply and at a small cost so that the process of solving a problem can be carried out briefly and quickly. \u0000Keywords: Community Organization, State of Law, Power","PeriodicalId":445925,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Paradigma Hukum Pembangunan","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134025501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-17DOI: 10.25170/paradigma.v6i02.2644
S. Okta
The United States government has been campaigning to encourage people to take HIV testing and thus get treated. It is puzzling that more than 50% of States have HIV-specific criminal laws that criminalize both exposure and transmission. At the same time, there is an increased tort law to seek financial compensation for unwanted HIV exposure and transmission. While both laws the moral claim of protecting people from HIV infection, this paper is trying to find an answer to the following inquiry: What is the difference of the moral reading between the use of criminal law and tort law in addressing HIV prevention in the United States? This paper uses the traditional descriptive comparison between criminal law and tort law under the American legal system with a nationwide jurisdictional scope. This paper measures the difference using the frame of reference of Ronald Dworkin's law, morality, and interpretation theory. Both criminal law and tort law have been developing similar liability principles regarding HIV exposure and transmission under the United States' common law tradition. For HIV prevention itself, both criminal law and tort law play a marginal role in gaining public health purposes in reversing the HIV epidemic. Criminal law has been scrutinized as not aligned with the purpose of law where misconceptions exist in both substantive dimension and the underlying moral claim. Tort law, on the other hand, suffers an even less moral claim on public health purposes. However, tort law maintains a consistent narrow sense of financial liability.
{"title":"The Moral Reading of HIV Prevention in the United States: Criminal Law and Tort Law","authors":"S. Okta","doi":"10.25170/paradigma.v6i02.2644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25170/paradigma.v6i02.2644","url":null,"abstract":"The United States government has been campaigning to encourage people to take HIV testing and thus get treated. It is puzzling that more than 50% of States have HIV-specific criminal laws that criminalize both exposure and transmission. At the same time, there is an increased tort law to seek financial compensation for unwanted HIV exposure and transmission. While both laws the moral claim of protecting people from HIV infection, this paper is trying to find an answer to the following inquiry: What is the difference of the moral reading between the use of criminal law and tort law in addressing HIV prevention in the United States? This paper uses the traditional descriptive comparison between criminal law and tort law under the American legal system with a nationwide jurisdictional scope. This paper measures the difference using the frame of reference of Ronald Dworkin's law, morality, and interpretation theory. Both criminal law and tort law have been developing similar liability principles regarding HIV exposure and transmission under the United States' common law tradition. For HIV prevention itself, both criminal law and tort law play a marginal role in gaining public health purposes in reversing the HIV epidemic. Criminal law has been scrutinized as not aligned with the purpose of law where misconceptions exist in both substantive dimension and the underlying moral claim. Tort law, on the other hand, suffers an even less moral claim on public health purposes. However, tort law maintains a consistent narrow sense of financial liability.","PeriodicalId":445925,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Paradigma Hukum Pembangunan","volume":"258263 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133172266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-16DOI: 10.25170/PARADIGMA.V6I1.2603
Samuel Hutabarat
The doctrine of the principle of competence explains that arbitration which has jurisdiction in the statement itself is based on the authority to hear and decide an arbitration dispute. The authority possessed by Arbitration even though there is an arbitration clause in a belief as a way of resolving disputes arising in the agreement. The determination of the arbitration authority is related to the validity of an arbitration clause or their agreement arbitration agreement which makes the agreement in question regarding this matter The legal problems in this research relate to the norm vacancies regarding the competence-competence principle in Law No. 30 of 1999 concerning Arbitration and Alternative Dispute Resolution (hereinafter abbreviated as AAPS Law).Solving research problems using normative legal methods with a legal approach, cases, and analysis of legal concepts.
{"title":"YURIDIKSI PENGADILAN DAN ARBITRASE DALAM MEMERIKSA SUATU SENGKETA DIKAITKAN DENGAN PRINSIP COMPETENCE -COMPETENCE DAN KLAUSUL ARBITRASE","authors":"Samuel Hutabarat","doi":"10.25170/PARADIGMA.V6I1.2603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25170/PARADIGMA.V6I1.2603","url":null,"abstract":"The doctrine of the principle of competence explains that arbitration which has jurisdiction in the statement itself is based on the authority to hear and decide an arbitration dispute. The authority possessed by Arbitration even though there is an arbitration clause in a belief as a way of resolving disputes arising in the agreement. The determination of the arbitration authority is related to the validity of an arbitration clause or their agreement arbitration agreement which makes the agreement in question regarding this matter \u0000The legal problems in this research relate to the norm vacancies regarding the competence-competence principle in Law No. 30 of 1999 concerning Arbitration and Alternative Dispute Resolution (hereinafter abbreviated as AAPS Law).Solving research problems using normative legal methods with a legal approach, cases, and analysis of legal concepts.","PeriodicalId":445925,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Paradigma Hukum Pembangunan","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124700113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-16DOI: 10.25170/PARADIGMA.V6I1.2585
Endang Wahyati Yustina
Hazardous and Toxic Waste/ (Hazardous and Toxic Materials) is the residue of a business and/or activity containing hazardous and toxic materials (B3). One of the B3 wastes is medical waste, which is an infectious waste generated from activities at health care facilities, in the form of solid or liquid waste. These medical wastes are generated from activities such as hospitals, community health centres, independent practice places, clinics, etc. Amenities. Medical waste is an infectious object or item that must be properly managed, starting from the time of collection, transportation, to the destruction process. Therefore, it is necessary to have legally binding regulations related to waste and its management. This research is descriptive in nature which will produce a regulatory description of B3 waste management, particularly medical waste with the protection of environmental health rights. The research approach used normative legal approach. The data collected is in the form of secondary data, while the method of analysis used is qualitative analysis methods. The results showed that the more human activity increased, the more waste was generated. Medical waste is one of the B3 wastes. Medical waste is waste that is directly generated from the diagnosis and medical treatment of patients in health care facilities, such as in polyclinic, nursing, surgical, obstetrics, autopsy and laboratory rooms. To avoid environmental risks, medical waste management must be carried out properly. Various laws and regulations for the management of B3 waste have been enacted, including Government Regulation No. 19/1994 (PP 19/1994) concerning Management of Hazardous and Toxic Wastes up to PP 101/2014. The provisions regarding B3 waste management are based on Law Number 32 the Year 2009 concerning Environmental Protection and Management (UUPLH). However, related to medical waste, it still needs to be synchronized with the regulations in Law Number 36 of 2009 concerning Health. Regulations on medical waste management aim to protect environmental health. Medical waste management can prevent environmental pollution and prevent disease transmission (infection) and prevent waste misuse.
{"title":"ASPEK HUKUM PENGELOLAAN LIMBAH MEDIS PADA FASILITAS PELAYANAN KESEHATAN DAN PERLINDUNGAN TERHADAP KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN","authors":"Endang Wahyati Yustina","doi":"10.25170/PARADIGMA.V6I1.2585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25170/PARADIGMA.V6I1.2585","url":null,"abstract":" Hazardous and Toxic Waste/ (Hazardous and Toxic Materials) is the residue of a business and/or activity containing hazardous and toxic materials (B3). One of the B3 wastes is medical waste, which is an infectious waste generated from activities at health care facilities, in the form of solid or liquid waste. These medical wastes are generated from activities such as hospitals, community health centres, independent practice places, clinics, etc. Amenities. Medical waste is an infectious object or item that must be properly managed, starting from the time of collection, transportation, to the destruction process. Therefore, it is necessary to have legally binding regulations related to waste and its management. \u0000 This research is descriptive in nature which will produce a regulatory description of B3 waste management, particularly medical waste with the protection of environmental health rights. The research approach used normative legal approach. The data collected is in the form of secondary data, while the method of analysis used is qualitative analysis methods. \u0000 The results showed that the more human activity increased, the more waste was generated. Medical waste is one of the B3 wastes. Medical waste is waste that is directly generated from the diagnosis and medical treatment of patients in health care facilities, such as in polyclinic, nursing, surgical, obstetrics, autopsy and laboratory rooms. To avoid environmental risks, medical waste management must be carried out properly. Various laws and regulations for the management of B3 waste have been enacted, including Government Regulation No. 19/1994 (PP 19/1994) concerning Management of Hazardous and Toxic Wastes up to PP 101/2014. The provisions regarding B3 waste management are based on Law Number 32 the Year 2009 concerning Environmental Protection and Management (UUPLH). However, related to medical waste, it still needs to be synchronized with the regulations in Law Number 36 of 2009 concerning Health. Regulations on medical waste management aim to protect environmental health. Medical waste management can prevent environmental pollution and prevent disease transmission (infection) and prevent waste misuse. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":445925,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Paradigma Hukum Pembangunan","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130263293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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