Salud Colectiva最新文献

The aim of this article is to explore existing sociological theories on intimate partner violence among sexual diversity couples in order to generate an explanatory framework and identify the challenges faced by theorization in these populations. We take as a point of reference the feminist approach and the family violence approach-traditionally applied to heterosexual partner violence-to critically analyze the new theoretical proposals that have emerged to explain violence in sexually diverse couples, particularly poststructuralist feminism and queer theories. A growing development of theoretical frameworks and empirical research specifically focused on explaining intimate partner violence among LGBTIQ+ couples is observed. This article reflects on key sociological-feminist elements that should be incorporated into theoretical proposals addressing violence in non-heterosexual couples, and discusses some of the unresolved challenges that remain.

The micropolitics of care allows for an understanding of its construction as multifaceted, shaped through everyday interactions, negotiation of meanings, and the ways in which people organize themselves to sustain life, even in contexts where rights are being violated. The aim of this study is to explore the meanings of care constructed by institutionalized adolescents experiencing homelessness in the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires between October and December 2023. A qualitative study was conducted, incorporating elements of participatory action research, with eight male adolescents living in two residential care homes. Through in-depth interviews, focus groups, and participant observation, the study addressed the various meanings of care as related to their life experiences. Among their affective bonds, they mentioned family, residential institutions, and peers/friends. The identified care strategies include rescuing themselves, making use of institutions, and speaking to an "other." In the conclusions, the centrality of the category of care is proposed, from which the meanings of affective bonds and care strategies emerge, and questions are raised to rethink how health professionals can support adolescents.

Surrogacy is a practice that generates controversy, especially in contexts where regulation is scarce or nonexistent. In Argentina, although there is no specific legislation, this practice involves significant judicial mediation and various legal strategies for its implementation. Local legal uncertainties have led many Argentine families to pursue surrogacy procedures in other countries, with Ukraine standing out as a prominent destination due to its accessibility and specific characteristics. This study aims to analyze, from the perspective of intended parents, the relationships between married cisheterosexual women who seek or have become mothers (intended parents) through surrogacy and Ukrainian gestational carriers. Using a qualitative-exploratory design, between 2022 and 2024, 18 in-depth interviews were conducted with individuals who had undergone surrogacy and traveled internationally for the process. The results show that the established bonds transcend geographical boundaries and are enriched by a bidirectional exchange of objects (photos, gifts, songs, among others) and emotions, shaping singular relationships. These findings contribute to a more nuanced understanding of surrogacy, moving beyond simplistic views that reduce it to the instrumentalization of women's bodies and highlighting the relational and affective dimensions of these experiences.

This article examines the continuum of feminicidal violence and its connection to protection systems in Mexico from the perspective of girls and adolescents. Based on a qualitative study conducted between 2022 and 2024 in two social care centers - one public and one private - it analyzes the experiences of 31 girls and adolescents who have gone through this cycle of violence. Through in-depth interviews, body mapping, and ethnographic observation, the study reveals that the violence rooted in their communities of origin does not cease upon entering the social care centers; instead, it is transformed into new forms of institutional control and violence. Their narratives reveal a continuity of violence that constitutes a web of dispossession and dehumanization, in which institutionalization does not represent a refuge but rather an extension of the same system of oppression. The findings show that social care centers do not break the cycle of previous violence, but rather form part of the same continuum of control, exclusion, and the precarization of life, becoming embedded within the broader framework of impunity upheld by the state.

Collective health has provided valuable analytical perspectives for understanding the social determinants of health and how dynamics of inequality, inequity, and injustice contribute to suffering, disease, morbidity, and mortality. From this perspective, this study identifies and analyzes the ways in which transvestite and trans people in Argentina appropriate and use different hormones and body modification interventions, aiming to highlight the vulnerabilities associated with these practices, both those performed outside the healthcare system and those carried out with professional support in an institution. A quantitative methodological strategy was adopted, with a descriptive, observational, and cross-sectional design. In 2023, a nationwide survey was conducted using a questionnaire targeting transvestite and trans people aged 16 and older (n=1,196). The analyzed data reveal vulnerability processes that do not extend uniformly across the entire population and are linked to health inequalities.

In recent years, mental health has gained significant relevance, accompanied by a gradual reduction in stigma. As a result, more people are understanding and analyzing their suffering in psychological terms. However, for many individuals accessing public mental health services in a city like Madrid, medication remains the primary treatment option. This study aims to analyze the type of subjectivity produced through this form of intervention, based on the findings of an ethnographic research conducted between 2012 and 2014. The research included observation in mental health center consultations, 19 in-depth interviews with psychotropic drug users, and a reflection group with periodic meetings. Key findings highlight ambivalence towards medication and the need for continuous adjustments to minimize side effects. The resulting subjectivity revolves around central aspects such as the fear of relapse and side effects; autonomy, which conflicts with the notion of not trying on one's own; accountability, feelings of vulnerability and self-governance, core aspects of neoliberal subjectivity.

Comprehensiveness is a globally recommended principle for effective health care, particularly for adolescents and young people, whose needs combine biomedical aspects with sociocultural processes of subjectivity construction and citizenship exercise. However, significant challenges hinder its effective implementation. This study aims to identify the aspects of work carried out in primary health care units in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, that professionals perceive as facilitators or obstacles to providing comprehensive health care for adolescents and young people. This qualitative study, conducted between January and November 2023, involved workplace observations and semi-structured interviews with 73 health professionals. The findings highlight the predominance of decontextualized, fragmented, and prescriptive actions within a context of resource shortages and weak intersectoral coordination. The study underscores the need for adolescents and young people to participate as rights-bearing subjects in the development of intersectoral health actions and policies.

The use of injectable liquid silicone (ILS) in the travesti and trans population poses a public health challenge in Argentina and worldwide. Although ILS and other unauthorized polymers represent a significant risk for this population, there is no consensual and effective approach, nor has the issue been addressed through health policy. This study aimed to explore the experiences of healthcare professionals from various specialties and levels of care regarding the use, management, and treatment of ILS-related complications in trans and travesti individuals. Between August and December 2023, a qualitative, exploratory and descriptive study was carried out with 14 semi-structured interviews with health professionals from four Argentine provinces. According to their accounts, ILS users constitute a population facing multiple vulnerabilities, resorting to these practices due to the immediacy of results and the barriers to accessing safe gender-affirming procedures. Professionals agree on the lack of information and guidelines for addressing ILS-related complications, particularly in managing chronic pain. Furthermore, ILS use is identified as a public health issue requiring an intersectoral and interdisciplinary approach.

The life trajectories of transgender individuals are marked by multiple vulnerabilities. This study aims to explore healthcare accessibility for trans people in the province of Córdoba, Argentina. Using a narrative design and a biographical approach, eight semi-structured interviews were conducted between 2022 and 2023 with trans individuals to examine the barriers to healthcare access and the strategies they employed. The accounts reveal that while discrimination and mistreatment remain the primary barriers, a notable concern is the lack of training and knowledge about trans health among healthcare professionals. Among the strategies highlighted are the involvement and efforts of collective spaces and LGBTTTIQ+ social organizations, which play a key role in facilitating access to healthcare. Social networks for disseminating information emerge as critical strategies, alongside inclusive comprehensive healthcare clinics within health services.

This study aims to analyze the configuration of inequalities in one of Argentina's most significant production zones for fresh vegetables and cut flowers, located in Greater La Plata, Buenos Aires Province. This ongoing anthropological research, initiated in 2021, employs methods such as participant observation, interviews, food mapping, and digital ethnography. Among the main findings, we highlight that this production zone exhibits, in both its origins and daily operations, certain racist dynamics that are not solely generated by the host society toward migrants but are disseminated throughout the social fabric, including by migrant producers themselves. Positive valuations of ultra-processed foods by those living and working in the area reflect the importance of belonging to the host society, running parallel to strategies for preserving food preparations from before migration. These include the recreation of a "food identity" and the proliferation of "legumbrerías" (legume shops) and "paisano eateries" (restaurants serving traditional food). These transformations are intertwined with the productive changes migrants have experienced, shifting from peasant economies in their places of origin to intensive production in Greater La Plata.