Pub Date : 2023-05-27DOI: 10.36349/easjms.2023.v05i04.002
Samake Bréhima, K. M, K. O, K. D, F. D, M. K, Traore Bz, B. A, K. A, O. S, Koumare Sb, Traore Cb
Summary: This was a single-centre prospective descriptive study carried out in the general surgery department of the Nianankoro Fomba Hospital in Segou over a period of one year. We collected a total of 53 cases of acute appendicitis which represented 14.52% of our surgical activity, 22.36% of the surgical abdominal emergencies. The sex ratio was 2.1 in favour of the male. The clinical signs were polymorphous. Patients consulted for a painful abdominal syndrome most often located in the IDF, 81.1% of cases. Palpation revealed pain in the IDF in 52 (98%) patients, tenderness in the IDF in 21 (40%) patients. Abdominal contracture and a mass in 1(2%). The signs of BLUMBERG, ROVSING and PSOÏTIS were respectively: 58.4%; 0%; 0% of cases. The rectal examination was painful in 49.0% of cases. The postoperative course was simple in 38 patients (71.1%). Complications were observed in 28.3% of our patients, including 14 parietal suppurations, and we recorded 1 case of death. The average hospital stay was 6.4 days.
{"title":"Appendicitis: Epidemioclinical and Histological Aspects at the Nianankoro Fomba Hospital in Segou","authors":"Samake Bréhima, K. M, K. O, K. D, F. D, M. K, Traore Bz, B. A, K. A, O. S, Koumare Sb, Traore Cb","doi":"10.36349/easjms.2023.v05i04.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36349/easjms.2023.v05i04.002","url":null,"abstract":"Summary: This was a single-centre prospective descriptive study carried out in the general surgery department of the Nianankoro Fomba Hospital in Segou over a period of one year. We collected a total of 53 cases of acute appendicitis which represented 14.52% of our surgical activity, 22.36% of the surgical abdominal emergencies. The sex ratio was 2.1 in favour of the male. The clinical signs were polymorphous. Patients consulted for a painful abdominal syndrome most often located in the IDF, 81.1% of cases. Palpation revealed pain in the IDF in 52 (98%) patients, tenderness in the IDF in 21 (40%) patients. Abdominal contracture and a mass in 1(2%). The signs of BLUMBERG, ROVSING and PSOÏTIS were respectively: 58.4%; 0%; 0% of cases. The rectal examination was painful in 49.0% of cases. The postoperative course was simple in 38 patients (71.1%). Complications were observed in 28.3% of our patients, including 14 parietal suppurations, and we recorded 1 case of death. The average hospital stay was 6.4 days.","PeriodicalId":446681,"journal":{"name":"EAS Journal of Medicine and Surgery","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124165518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-12DOI: 10.36349/easjms.2023.v05i04.001
K. Bouras, C. Bentabet, K. Saoud, N. Mamouni, S. Erraghay, C. Bouchikhi, A. Banani
Intra uterine device migration is a relatively rare event. The migration of the IUD in the surrounded viscera can be managed by endoscopy approach. Objectives: We reported our experience to determine the epidemiologic characteristics of patients that presented migrated IUD, to report clinical aspects and describe the laparoscopic management. Method: The study includes 10 patients reported to obstetrics and Gynecology I department of UHC Hassan II FES in the last 4 years (2018-2021). In all the patients a gynecological examination, ultrasound evaluation abdomen and pelvis were done to locate the misplaced IUD. If the device was found to be intrauterine, hysteroscopy was done to locate and retrieve device. In those patients in whom the IUD was confirmed to be extrauterine diagnostic laparoscopy was done. Results: The average of age was 34.5 years. Majority of patients were primipara (53.3%) and 46.6% were multipara. As far as timing of insertion is concerned 6 (60%) were postpartum, 4 (40%) were postmenstrual. The average of time interval between insertion and removal is 3, 12 years. Of the 10 misplaced intrauterine devices 4 were found partially embedded in uterine wall and 6 of the misplaced 1UD’s were found deeply embedded in the uterine cavity. After their location they were removed hysteroscopically One patient reported with 8 weeks pregnancy and misplaced IUD. The device was confirmed to be intrauterine on transvaginal sonography. She had full term normal delivery and IUD was removed after 6 weeks hysteroscopically. None of our patient had an extra uterine migration that required a laparoscopy.
{"title":"Misplaced of Intrauterine Devices: The Endoscopic Management","authors":"K. Bouras, C. Bentabet, K. Saoud, N. Mamouni, S. Erraghay, C. Bouchikhi, A. Banani","doi":"10.36349/easjms.2023.v05i04.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36349/easjms.2023.v05i04.001","url":null,"abstract":"Intra uterine device migration is a relatively rare event. The migration of the IUD in the surrounded viscera can be managed by endoscopy approach. Objectives: We reported our experience to determine the epidemiologic characteristics of patients that presented migrated IUD, to report clinical aspects and describe the laparoscopic management. Method: The study includes 10 patients reported to obstetrics and Gynecology I department of UHC Hassan II FES in the last 4 years (2018-2021). In all the patients a gynecological examination, ultrasound evaluation abdomen and pelvis were done to locate the misplaced IUD. If the device was found to be intrauterine, hysteroscopy was done to locate and retrieve device. In those patients in whom the IUD was confirmed to be extrauterine diagnostic laparoscopy was done. Results: The average of age was 34.5 years. Majority of patients were primipara (53.3%) and 46.6% were multipara. As far as timing of insertion is concerned 6 (60%) were postpartum, 4 (40%) were postmenstrual. The average of time interval between insertion and removal is 3, 12 years. Of the 10 misplaced intrauterine devices 4 were found partially embedded in uterine wall and 6 of the misplaced 1UD’s were found deeply embedded in the uterine cavity. After their location they were removed hysteroscopically One patient reported with 8 weeks pregnancy and misplaced IUD. The device was confirmed to be intrauterine on transvaginal sonography. She had full term normal delivery and IUD was removed after 6 weeks hysteroscopically. None of our patient had an extra uterine migration that required a laparoscopy.","PeriodicalId":446681,"journal":{"name":"EAS Journal of Medicine and Surgery","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115979340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-12DOI: 10.36349/easjms.2023.v05i03.001
N. Poobalan, Chetty Sivathasen, Saman Selvarajah
Background: Infectious diseases are the leading cause of death in South Africa. Containment strategy includes infection prevention and control (IPC) programs, microbiological resistance testing, and antibiotic stewardship programs. The current study evaluates the IPC program at the rural regional Port Shepstone Hospital. Objective: To use the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC’s) IPC tool for acute hospitals to evaluate the infection control program at Port Shepstone Hospital. Materials and Methods: A prospective descriptive study was conducted from February to March 2018 at Port Shepstone Hospital. The study was conducted in two stages. The first stage determined which of the CDC’s core components of an IPC program were operational. In the second stage, in 11 adult long-stay wards, nurses were identified for completion of selected elements of the CDC tool. Results: The IPC at Port Shepstone Hospital practices 10 of the 17 elements of the CDC’s Infection Control Assessment Tool. The highest scoring ward was gynaecology (110/119 (95%)). The lowest was the psychiatric ward, which scored 64/119 (53%). There was a lack of internal auditing practices. Conclusion: Port Shepstone Hospital IPC program is limited as only some of the components are practised. The lack of internal auditing practices is concerning and needs improvement. To achieve the proper application of the IPC program more emphasis needs to be placed on constantly auditing existing practices and giving feedback to staff coupled with relevant training and resource support. This can be facilitated by hospital management allocating resources to IPC audit teams to audit and share findings with departments and develop quality improvement programs.
{"title":"An Audit of the Infection Prevention and Control Program at a Regional Hospital in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa","authors":"N. Poobalan, Chetty Sivathasen, Saman Selvarajah","doi":"10.36349/easjms.2023.v05i03.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36349/easjms.2023.v05i03.001","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Infectious diseases are the leading cause of death in South Africa. Containment strategy includes infection prevention and control (IPC) programs, microbiological resistance testing, and antibiotic stewardship programs. The current study evaluates the IPC program at the rural regional Port Shepstone Hospital. Objective: To use the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC’s) IPC tool for acute hospitals to evaluate the infection control program at Port Shepstone Hospital. Materials and Methods: A prospective descriptive study was conducted from February to March 2018 at Port Shepstone Hospital. The study was conducted in two stages. The first stage determined which of the CDC’s core components of an IPC program were operational. In the second stage, in 11 adult long-stay wards, nurses were identified for completion of selected elements of the CDC tool. Results: The IPC at Port Shepstone Hospital practices 10 of the 17 elements of the CDC’s Infection Control Assessment Tool. The highest scoring ward was gynaecology (110/119 (95%)). The lowest was the psychiatric ward, which scored 64/119 (53%). There was a lack of internal auditing practices. Conclusion: Port Shepstone Hospital IPC program is limited as only some of the components are practised. The lack of internal auditing practices is concerning and needs improvement. To achieve the proper application of the IPC program more emphasis needs to be placed on constantly auditing existing practices and giving feedback to staff coupled with relevant training and resource support. This can be facilitated by hospital management allocating resources to IPC audit teams to audit and share findings with departments and develop quality improvement programs.","PeriodicalId":446681,"journal":{"name":"EAS Journal of Medicine and Surgery","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125720525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-28DOI: 10.36349/easjms.2023.v05i02.004
Fryse francois Mve Okoue, Mohammed Lamine, D. Mamadou, Abdessalam Bouassria, H. E. Bouhaddouti, Bachir Benjelloun, A. Ousadden, K. A. Taleb, O. Mouaqit
Acute intussusception is a pathology of infants and young children. Its occurrence in adults is rare. It is of various etiology. In the vast majority of cases, it is secondary to a tumor which can be benign or malignant. We report the case of a 77-year-old patient, admitted to the emergency department of our structure for an acute intestinal obstruction, an abdominal CT scan showed acute small intestine intussusception on a small intestine tumor complicated by perforation. Treatment was open surgical resection. The anatomopathological and immunohistochemical study of the surgical specimen concluded to a small intestine GIST. From this new case and after analysis of the literature, we discuss the clinical and diagnostic characteristics and the therapeutic possibilities of this rare pathology.
{"title":"Acute Intestinal Invagination in Adults Revealing GIST: Case Report","authors":"Fryse francois Mve Okoue, Mohammed Lamine, D. Mamadou, Abdessalam Bouassria, H. E. Bouhaddouti, Bachir Benjelloun, A. Ousadden, K. A. Taleb, O. Mouaqit","doi":"10.36349/easjms.2023.v05i02.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36349/easjms.2023.v05i02.004","url":null,"abstract":"Acute intussusception is a pathology of infants and young children. Its occurrence in adults is rare. It is of various etiology. In the vast majority of cases, it is secondary to a tumor which can be benign or malignant. We report the case of a 77-year-old patient, admitted to the emergency department of our structure for an acute intestinal obstruction, an abdominal CT scan showed acute small intestine intussusception on a small intestine tumor complicated by perforation. Treatment was open surgical resection. The anatomopathological and immunohistochemical study of the surgical specimen concluded to a small intestine GIST. From this new case and after analysis of the literature, we discuss the clinical and diagnostic characteristics and the therapeutic possibilities of this rare pathology.","PeriodicalId":446681,"journal":{"name":"EAS Journal of Medicine and Surgery","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115102300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-25DOI: 10.36349/easjms.2023.v05i02.003
Alina Mariam Varghese
Odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) and ameloblastomas are distinct histopathologically diagnosed odontogenic lesions of the oral cavity. Both are primarily located in the posterior regions of the mandible, however, they can involve the maxilla as well. The occurrence of both an OKC and ameloblastoma in a patient is very uncommon. In this case reports we present a case of 17 year old male with histological features of both odentogenic keratocyst and ameloblastoma.
{"title":"Odentogenic Keratocyst with Focus of Ameloblastoma - A Case Report","authors":"Alina Mariam Varghese","doi":"10.36349/easjms.2023.v05i02.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36349/easjms.2023.v05i02.003","url":null,"abstract":"Odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) and ameloblastomas are distinct histopathologically diagnosed odontogenic lesions of the oral cavity. Both are primarily located in the posterior regions of the mandible, however, they can involve the maxilla as well. The occurrence of both an OKC and ameloblastoma in a patient is very uncommon. In this case reports we present a case of 17 year old male with histological features of both odentogenic keratocyst and ameloblastoma.","PeriodicalId":446681,"journal":{"name":"EAS Journal of Medicine and Surgery","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129401505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-17DOI: 10.36349/easjms.2023.v05i02.002
J. Paul, Joy Ochai, Monday Didia, C. A. Ohanenye, Mercy Kelechi Azumah, J. W. Ekokodje
Introduction: There are certain basic facial features such as the hairline shape, which is a prominent feature on the forehead, that are considered to be morphogenetic and useful anthropologically in identifying individuals, family ties, and differentiating tribes or races from each other. The pattern of the curved hairline is also referred to as the "widow's peak." The hairline shape can be broadly classified as being straight or curved (widow's peak) in shape. People with curved hairlines (widow's peaks) have prominent v-shaped hairlines; this structure can be used as a distinguishing characteristic of a people, or tribe, in anthropology. The dearth of information on the pattern of hairline shape informed the study on the Idoma people of Benue State, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: The study was community-based, descriptive, and cross-sectional with a sample size of 401. Data was collected using a closed-ended questionnaire that was administered by an interviewer following an examination of the hairline shape. Results and Discussion: The distribution of hairline shape amongst the participants was thus: curved 267 (66.6%), and straight 134 (33.4%). There were no significant socio-demographic characteristics among participants (p > 0.05). Conclusions: The study indicated that 2 in 3 people in the population have a curved hairline. While about a third of the sampled population had a straight hairline. The distribution of hairline shape with respect to gender showed the curved hairline shape was predominant over the straight in both genders. The ratio of curved to straight hairlines (2:1) was seen in both genders. The most plausible explanation for the common occurrence of a curved hairline over a straight one could be genetic input.
{"title":"Cross-Sectional Study of Hairline Shape among the Idoma People of Benue State, Nigeria","authors":"J. Paul, Joy Ochai, Monday Didia, C. A. Ohanenye, Mercy Kelechi Azumah, J. W. Ekokodje","doi":"10.36349/easjms.2023.v05i02.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36349/easjms.2023.v05i02.002","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: There are certain basic facial features such as the hairline shape, which is a prominent feature on the forehead, that are considered to be morphogenetic and useful anthropologically in identifying individuals, family ties, and differentiating tribes or races from each other. The pattern of the curved hairline is also referred to as the \"widow's peak.\" The hairline shape can be broadly classified as being straight or curved (widow's peak) in shape. People with curved hairlines (widow's peaks) have prominent v-shaped hairlines; this structure can be used as a distinguishing characteristic of a people, or tribe, in anthropology. The dearth of information on the pattern of hairline shape informed the study on the Idoma people of Benue State, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: The study was community-based, descriptive, and cross-sectional with a sample size of 401. Data was collected using a closed-ended questionnaire that was administered by an interviewer following an examination of the hairline shape. Results and Discussion: The distribution of hairline shape amongst the participants was thus: curved 267 (66.6%), and straight 134 (33.4%). There were no significant socio-demographic characteristics among participants (p > 0.05). Conclusions: The study indicated that 2 in 3 people in the population have a curved hairline. While about a third of the sampled population had a straight hairline. The distribution of hairline shape with respect to gender showed the curved hairline shape was predominant over the straight in both genders. The ratio of curved to straight hairlines (2:1) was seen in both genders. The most plausible explanation for the common occurrence of a curved hairline over a straight one could be genetic input.","PeriodicalId":446681,"journal":{"name":"EAS Journal of Medicine and Surgery","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129790994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-14DOI: 10.36349/easjms.2023.v05i02.001
Dr. Srinivasa Karthik Appa, Dr. Shiva Shankar Reddy, Dr. Banoth Balu
Inguinal hernias are 75% off all abdominal wall hernias, life time risk of developing hernias is 24%. In the present study to analyze age incidence, type of complications and duration of presentation to analyze post operative to analyze the post-operative complications in inguinal hernia swelling like infection, chronic grin pain, hematoma, scrotal swelling and recurrences, at the end of study Lichtenstein hernioplasty has least complications, ambulate early, return to work early, less post operative pain, reduced incidence of chronic groin pain and least recurrence after surgery was concluded.
{"title":"Clinical Study of Inguinal Hernia Its Management at TRR Institute of Medical Sciences, Patancheru","authors":"Dr. Srinivasa Karthik Appa, Dr. Shiva Shankar Reddy, Dr. Banoth Balu","doi":"10.36349/easjms.2023.v05i02.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36349/easjms.2023.v05i02.001","url":null,"abstract":"Inguinal hernias are 75% off all abdominal wall hernias, life time risk of developing hernias is 24%. In the present study to analyze age incidence, type of complications and duration of presentation to analyze post operative to analyze the post-operative complications in inguinal hernia swelling like infection, chronic grin pain, hematoma, scrotal swelling and recurrences, at the end of study Lichtenstein hernioplasty has least complications, ambulate early, return to work early, less post operative pain, reduced incidence of chronic groin pain and least recurrence after surgery was concluded.","PeriodicalId":446681,"journal":{"name":"EAS Journal of Medicine and Surgery","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115262089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pseudoaneurysms are post-traumatic anomalies affecting the vascular layers occuring usually after a trauma. Their treatment, consensual in the adults, lacks guidelines in the pediatric population due to rare cases in children. We report three cases of pediatric pseudoaneurysms treated surgically in our hospital.
{"title":"Pediatric Traumatic Pseudoaneurysm: Three Cases Report","authors":"Kouzmane Ikram, Issoufou Niandou Moussa, Naouli Hamza, Jiber Hamid, Bouarhroum Abdellatif","doi":"10.36349/easjms.2023.v05i01.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36349/easjms.2023.v05i01.001","url":null,"abstract":"Pseudoaneurysms are post-traumatic anomalies affecting the vascular layers occuring usually after a trauma. Their treatment, consensual in the adults, lacks guidelines in the pediatric population due to rare cases in children. We report three cases of pediatric pseudoaneurysms treated surgically in our hospital.","PeriodicalId":446681,"journal":{"name":"EAS Journal of Medicine and Surgery","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121078392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-08DOI: 10.36349/easjms.2022.v04i11.004
Laouali Laminou, Hassane Amadou B. T, ND Adam, Abba Kaka Y, Amza Abdou
The authors report a case of papilledema revealing a subdural hematoma in a 24-year-old male subject with known SS homozygous sickle cell disease. The patient presented with a sudden unilateral visual acuity loss on the right side and violent headaches that were resistant to level 1 analgesics. The discovery of unilateral papilledema on fundus examination led to a CT scan which revealed a subdural hematoma. The evolution was favorable under corticoid and hypotonizing treatment with the total resorption of the papillary edema, a significant regression of the subdural hematoma after 10 days of treatment and a recovery of the visual acuity. The authors insist on the necessity of performing a fundus examination accompanied by a CT scan in all sickle cell patients in the context of intractable headaches.
{"title":"Unilateral Papilledema Revealing a Subdural Hematoma in a Sickle Cell Patient","authors":"Laouali Laminou, Hassane Amadou B. T, ND Adam, Abba Kaka Y, Amza Abdou","doi":"10.36349/easjms.2022.v04i11.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36349/easjms.2022.v04i11.004","url":null,"abstract":"The authors report a case of papilledema revealing a subdural hematoma in a 24-year-old male subject with known SS homozygous sickle cell disease. The patient presented with a sudden unilateral visual acuity loss on the right side and violent headaches that were resistant to level 1 analgesics. The discovery of unilateral papilledema on fundus examination led to a CT scan which revealed a subdural hematoma. The evolution was favorable under corticoid and hypotonizing treatment with the total resorption of the papillary edema, a significant regression of the subdural hematoma after 10 days of treatment and a recovery of the visual acuity. The authors insist on the necessity of performing a fundus examination accompanied by a CT scan in all sickle cell patients in the context of intractable headaches.","PeriodicalId":446681,"journal":{"name":"EAS Journal of Medicine and Surgery","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129839562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-06DOI: 10.36349/easjms.2022.v04i11.002
Dr. Mohammad Saiful Islam, Dr. Shamsun Nahar
Background: Melasma is a common chronic acquired hyper pigmentary disorder of skin, particularly among Asian and Hispanics. Females are more affected than men. It has a significant impact on appearance, causing psychosocial and emotional distress and reducing the quality of life of the affected individual. Tranexamic acid (TA) can be used to treat melasma. Objectives: To compare the efficacy of oral Tranexamic acid and Hydroquinone (HQ) plus sunscreen in the treatment of melasma. Methods: It was prospective, interventional clinical trial conducted among 150 Bangladeshi melasma patients visiting the Dermatology and Venereology OPD of DMCH between January 2016 and June 2017. Patients were divided randomly into two groups, 75 in each, by lottery method. First group (Group A) was treated with 4% Hydroquinone plus sunscreen (regular) daily for 12 weeks and second group (Group B) was treated with Tranexamic acid 250mg twice a day for 12 weeks. Response was evaluated on the basis of Melasma Area and Severity Index (MASI) and Melasma Quality of Life (MELASQoL) Questionnaire. The mean scores of both variables were compared between both groups. Results: Epidermal melasma was comparatively quicker and better responded to the treatment than dermal or mixed variants. The mean MASI and mean MELASQoL scores between both groups were not significantly different at 4 weeks (p>0.05) but was significantly effective in Group B at 8 and 12 weeks (p<0.05). The mean MASI scores of Group A (HQ & sunscreen) were 11.43±1.82, 9.98±1.99 and 8.94±2.16 at 4, 8 and 12 weeks respectively. The mean MASI scores of Group B (TA) were 11.34±1.92, 9.30+2.07 and 7.19±2.16 at 4, 8 and 12 weeks respectively. Similarly, the mean MELASQoL scores of Group A (HQ & sunscreen) were 34.95±6.61, 29.40±6.60 and 25.87±7.19 at 4, 8 and 12 weeks respectively. The mean MELASQoL scores of Group B (TA) were 33.12±6.40, 26.19±6.43 and 20.63±6.70 at 4, 8 and 12 weeks respectively. Conclusion: Oral Tranexamic acid is more ..
{"title":"Clinical Evaluation of Efficacy and Tolerability of Oral Tranexamic Acid in Comparison with Hydroquinone plus Sunscreen in Subjects with Melasma: A Single Blind, Randomized Clinical Trial Study","authors":"Dr. Mohammad Saiful Islam, Dr. Shamsun Nahar","doi":"10.36349/easjms.2022.v04i11.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36349/easjms.2022.v04i11.002","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Melasma is a common chronic acquired hyper pigmentary disorder of skin, particularly among Asian and Hispanics. Females are more affected than men. It has a significant impact on appearance, causing psychosocial and emotional distress and reducing the quality of life of the affected individual. Tranexamic acid (TA) can be used to treat melasma. Objectives: To compare the efficacy of oral Tranexamic acid and Hydroquinone (HQ) plus sunscreen in the treatment of melasma. Methods: It was prospective, interventional clinical trial conducted among 150 Bangladeshi melasma patients visiting the Dermatology and Venereology OPD of DMCH between January 2016 and June 2017. Patients were divided randomly into two groups, 75 in each, by lottery method. First group (Group A) was treated with 4% Hydroquinone plus sunscreen (regular) daily for 12 weeks and second group (Group B) was treated with Tranexamic acid 250mg twice a day for 12 weeks. Response was evaluated on the basis of Melasma Area and Severity Index (MASI) and Melasma Quality of Life (MELASQoL) Questionnaire. The mean scores of both variables were compared between both groups. Results: Epidermal melasma was comparatively quicker and better responded to the treatment than dermal or mixed variants. The mean MASI and mean MELASQoL scores between both groups were not significantly different at 4 weeks (p>0.05) but was significantly effective in Group B at 8 and 12 weeks (p<0.05). The mean MASI scores of Group A (HQ & sunscreen) were 11.43±1.82, 9.98±1.99 and 8.94±2.16 at 4, 8 and 12 weeks respectively. The mean MASI scores of Group B (TA) were 11.34±1.92, 9.30+2.07 and 7.19±2.16 at 4, 8 and 12 weeks respectively. Similarly, the mean MELASQoL scores of Group A (HQ & sunscreen) were 34.95±6.61, 29.40±6.60 and 25.87±7.19 at 4, 8 and 12 weeks respectively. The mean MELASQoL scores of Group B (TA) were 33.12±6.40, 26.19±6.43 and 20.63±6.70 at 4, 8 and 12 weeks respectively. Conclusion: Oral Tranexamic acid is more ..","PeriodicalId":446681,"journal":{"name":"EAS Journal of Medicine and Surgery","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128602889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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