Eugenii Zakharchuk, V. Sukhachev, Natal'ya Tihonova, E. Litina
The main purpose of the paper is to estimate the capabilities of NEMO 3.6 regional reanalysis data for a realistic description of the Baltic Sea steric level oscillations, the spatio-temporal structure research and causes of modern sea level changes, induced by fluctuations in water density, in the range of interannual and seasonal variability scales. Comparison of the steric level oscillations series calculated from contact measurements of temperature and salinity at oceanographic stations and from regional reanalysis data is carried out by evaluating various statistical accuracy criteria. The paper shows that the reanalysis data allow reproducing the Baltic Sea steric level oscillations quite accurately. Estimates of linear trends indicate that in the period 1993–2020 in the open Baltic and in the west of the Gulf of Finland, the steric sea level is mainly decreasing, while in the Gulf of Bothnia the steric level is increasing. Harmonic analysis of steric level oscillations showed that the annual harmonic a in the range of seasonal variability makes a predominant contribution to steric level oscillations, its amplitude significantly exceeds the amplitudes of the harmonics sa, ta and qa. The thermosteric component has the main influence on seasonal steric level oscillations, and only in the south-west of the sea there is a significant influence of the halosteric component. During the period under review, positive linear trends were observed in the amplitudes changes of the harmonics a, sa, ta and qa in most regions of the Baltic Sea, however, in the south-west of the open Baltic, a decrease in the amplitudes of all four harmonics of seasonal steric level oscillations was observed in the south-west part of the Open Baltic Sea. In conclusion, based on the obtained results, it is assumed that the identified modern regional changes in the Baltic Sea steric level oscillations are associated with an increase in air temperature, an increase in precipitation, a decrease in wind intensity, a desalination of the upper quasi-homogeneous layer and an increase in deep and near-bottom waters salinity caused by water exchange with salty waters of the North Sea.
{"title":"Steric Oscillations of the Baltic Sea Level","authors":"Eugenii Zakharchuk, V. Sukhachev, Natal'ya Tihonova, E. Litina","doi":"10.2205/2023es000846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2205/2023es000846","url":null,"abstract":"The main purpose of the paper is to estimate the capabilities of NEMO 3.6 regional reanalysis data for a realistic description of the Baltic Sea steric level oscillations, the spatio-temporal structure research and causes of modern sea level changes, induced by fluctuations in water density, in the range of interannual and seasonal variability scales. Comparison of the steric level oscillations series calculated from contact measurements of temperature and salinity at oceanographic stations and from regional reanalysis data is carried out by evaluating various statistical accuracy criteria. The paper shows that the reanalysis data allow reproducing the Baltic Sea steric level oscillations quite accurately. Estimates of linear trends indicate that in the period 1993–2020 in the open Baltic and in the west of the Gulf of Finland, the steric sea level is mainly decreasing, while in the Gulf of Bothnia the steric level is increasing. Harmonic analysis of steric level oscillations showed that the annual harmonic a in the range of seasonal variability makes a predominant contribution to steric level oscillations, its amplitude significantly exceeds the amplitudes of the harmonics sa, ta and qa. The thermosteric component has the main influence on seasonal steric level oscillations, and only in the south-west of the sea there is a significant influence of the halosteric component. During the period under review, positive linear trends were observed in the amplitudes changes of the harmonics a, sa, ta and qa in most regions of the Baltic Sea, however, in the south-west of the open Baltic, a decrease in the amplitudes of all four harmonics of seasonal steric level oscillations was observed in the south-west part of the Open Baltic Sea. In conclusion, based on the obtained results, it is assumed that the identified modern regional changes in the Baltic Sea steric level oscillations are associated with an increase in air temperature, an increase in precipitation, a decrease in wind intensity, a desalination of the upper quasi-homogeneous layer and an increase in deep and near-bottom waters salinity caused by water exchange with salty waters of the North Sea.","PeriodicalId":44680,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Earth Sciences","volume":" 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138995278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this article we investigate near-surface air temperature (NSAT) and soil temperature variability at four depths in the region of the White Sea, Murmansk and Arkhangelsk Regions, and Republic of Karelia. For the analysis we used NOAA-CIRES-DOE 20th Century Reanalysis (Version 3) reanalysis data for the 1980–2015 time period and data of bent-stem thermometers at 5, 10, 15, 20 cm depths and extraction thermometers at 20, 60, 80, 120, 240 and 320 cm depths for 1985-2021 time period. Average variability of NSAT is estimated using linear trend as +0.028 ◦C/year. For soil temperature a linear trend is of +0.0137 ◦C/year on surface (0 cm), +0.0136 ◦C/year at 10 cm depth, +0.0142 ◦C/year at 40 cm depth and +0.0133 ◦C/year at 100 cm depth.
{"title":"Temporal Variability of Soil Temperature in the North-West Arctic Zone of Russia. Part I: Interannual Linear Trends Based on Thermometer Measurements and Reanalysis Data","authors":"Sergey Lebedev, Andrey Kostianoy, Il'ya Tretiyak","doi":"10.2205/2023es02si12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2205/2023es02si12","url":null,"abstract":"In this article we investigate near-surface air temperature (NSAT) and soil temperature variability at four depths in the region of the White Sea, Murmansk and Arkhangelsk Regions, and Republic of Karelia. For the analysis we used NOAA-CIRES-DOE 20th Century Reanalysis (Version 3) reanalysis data for the 1980–2015 time period and data of bent-stem thermometers at 5, 10, 15, 20 cm depths and extraction thermometers at 20, 60, 80, 120, 240 and 320 cm depths for 1985-2021 time period. Average variability of NSAT is estimated using linear trend as +0.028 ◦C/year. For soil temperature a linear trend is of +0.0137 ◦C/year on surface (0 cm), +0.0136 ◦C/year at 10 cm depth, +0.0142 ◦C/year at 40 cm depth and +0.0133 ◦C/year at 100 cm depth.","PeriodicalId":44680,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Earth Sciences","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138978825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Simankov, P. Buchatskiy, S. Onishchenko, S. Teploukhov
Energy production based on renewable sources is a fundamental aspect of society’s sustainable development. The involvement of renewable energy sources in the implementation of modern energy systems can significantly reduce the amount of harmful emissions into the atmosphere and provide greater flexibility of energy infrastructure. The first step in determining the feasibility of involving a particular energy source in the overall energy system of the region is a preliminary assessment of the energy potential to determine the possible percentage of substitution of traditional energy. To solve this problem, it is necessary to use the models of energy supply, which are currently presented in a wide variety. In this regard, this paper proposes to consider various models for estimating the solar energy potential, which can be divided into empirical models and models based on the application of modern intelligent data analysis technologies. Such models are based on many different climatic and geographical indicators, such as: longitude of sunshine, ambient temperature, serial number of the day of the current year, amount of precipitation, average and maximum values of wind speed and so on. The paper analyzed the existing models for estimating the amount of energy, which can be used in the system designed to determine the most optimal configuration of the energy system based on the use of various conversion technologies most relevant to the case under study, and also serve as the basis for creating digital twins designed to model and optimize the operation of the projected energy complex
{"title":"Review of Models for Estimating and Predicting the Amount of Energy Produced by Solar Energy Systems","authors":"V. Simankov, P. Buchatskiy, S. Onishchenko, S. Teploukhov","doi":"10.2205/2023es02si01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2205/2023es02si01","url":null,"abstract":"Energy production based on renewable sources is a fundamental aspect of society’s sustainable development. The involvement of renewable energy sources in the implementation of modern energy systems can significantly reduce the amount of harmful emissions into the atmosphere and provide greater flexibility of energy infrastructure. The first step in determining the feasibility of involving a particular energy source in the overall energy system of the region is a preliminary assessment of the energy potential to determine the possible percentage of substitution of traditional energy. To solve this problem, it is necessary to use the models of energy supply, which are currently presented in a wide variety. In this regard, this paper proposes to consider various models for estimating the solar energy potential, which can be divided into empirical models and models based on the application of modern intelligent data analysis technologies. Such models are based on many different climatic and geographical indicators, such as: longitude of sunshine, ambient temperature, serial number of the day of the current year, amount of precipitation, average and maximum values of wind speed and so on. The paper analyzed the existing models for estimating the amount of energy, which can be used in the system designed to determine the most optimal configuration of the energy system based on the use of various conversion technologies most relevant to the case under study, and also serve as the basis for creating digital twins designed to model and optimize the operation of the projected energy complex","PeriodicalId":44680,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Earth Sciences","volume":"83 9‐10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138979396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article evaluates the change in the scale and direction of thermal pollution flows of the cooling lakes of the Kalinin NPP from 1985 to 2020 based on the use of Earth remote sensing data. A retrospective analysis was carried out using satellite images obtained by the sensors of the Landsat series satellites. An analysis of the distribution of surface water temperature over the water area of NPP cooling lakes has been carried out. The change in the structure of thermal pollution after the increase in the capacity of the Kalinin NPP is determined. The temperature of the cooling lakes of the Kalinin NPP was estimated relative to the background indicators in the lakes-analogues, which were used as nearby Lake Navolok and Lake Kezadra. The study identified five stages of transformation of the water mass circulation system in the cooling lakes of the Kalinin NPP.
{"title":"Evaluation of Changes in the Scale and Direction of Thermal Pollution Flows in the Kalinin NPP Cooling Lakes From 1985 to 2020","authors":"A. Bocharov, Sergey Lebedev, P. Kravchenko","doi":"10.2205/2023es02si07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2205/2023es02si07","url":null,"abstract":"The article evaluates the change in the scale and direction of thermal pollution flows of the cooling lakes of the Kalinin NPP from 1985 to 2020 based on the use of Earth remote sensing data. A retrospective analysis was carried out using satellite images obtained by the sensors of the Landsat series satellites. An analysis of the distribution of surface water temperature over the water area of NPP cooling lakes has been carried out. The change in the structure of thermal pollution after the increase in the capacity of the Kalinin NPP is determined. The temperature of the cooling lakes of the Kalinin NPP was estimated relative to the background indicators in the lakes-analogues, which were used as nearby Lake Navolok and Lake Kezadra. The study identified five stages of transformation of the water mass circulation system in the cooling lakes of the Kalinin NPP.","PeriodicalId":44680,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Earth Sciences","volume":"3 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138980590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Barbashev, S. Sushkova, T. Dudnikova, T. Minkina, V. Popov
Currently, one of the most important problems is the pollution of natural systems by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) as a result of human industrial activity. In this connection, it is necessary to carry out monitoring of territories subjected to the anthropogenic impact. As a result of the monitoring study of the impact zone of the fuel and energy complex enterprises, it was found that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the soil of the impact zone accumulate mainly up to 2 km along the line of the prevailing wind rose from the enterprise. The group composition of PAHs is dominated by 4-ring compounds, exceeding the background values by 23 times. At the same time, plants growing on the territory of the impact zone mainly accumulate such compounds as fluoranthene, pyrene, benzo[a]anthracene and phenanthrene, which is 70–82% of the total content of polyarenes in various parts of plants.
{"title":"Monitoring the Content of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soils and Natural Herbal Vegetation of Technogeneously Polluted Territory","authors":"A. Barbashev, S. Sushkova, T. Dudnikova, T. Minkina, V. Popov","doi":"10.2205/2023es02si09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2205/2023es02si09","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, one of the most important problems is the pollution of natural systems by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) as a result of human industrial activity. In this connection, it is necessary to carry out monitoring of territories subjected to the anthropogenic impact. As a result of the monitoring study of the impact zone of the fuel and energy complex enterprises, it was found that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the soil of the impact zone accumulate mainly up to 2 km along the line of the prevailing wind rose from the enterprise. The group composition of PAHs is dominated by 4-ring compounds, exceeding the background values by 23 times. At the same time, plants growing on the territory of the impact zone mainly accumulate such compounds as fluoranthene, pyrene, benzo[a]anthracene and phenanthrene, which is 70–82% of the total content of polyarenes in various parts of plants.","PeriodicalId":44680,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Earth Sciences","volume":"30 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139010291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Belousov, I. Belikov, K. Moiseenko, A. Skorokhod
Anthropogenic pollution of the atmosphere with organic and inorganic gaseous species has been studied using constant high-quality monitoring of the atmosphere composition both in megacity of Moscow and in its countryside. The article considers continuous measurements of the main climatically and chemically active atmospheric gaseous species concentrations, including volatile organic compounds. The main attention is paid to the comparative analysis, mainly between the megacity and its suburban area, by average species concentrations and some quality features of their seasonal and diurnal variations. The obtained results confirmed the previously studied features of the daily variations of inorganic gaseous species in Moscow and showed such features for organic compounds in the countryside.
{"title":"Variations of Organic and Inorganic Atmospheric Boundary Layer Gaseous Species by Observations in Moscow and Zvenigorod","authors":"V. Belousov, I. Belikov, K. Moiseenko, A. Skorokhod","doi":"10.2205/2023es02si06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2205/2023es02si06","url":null,"abstract":"Anthropogenic pollution of the atmosphere with organic and inorganic gaseous species has been studied using constant high-quality monitoring of the atmosphere composition both in megacity of Moscow and in its countryside. The article considers continuous measurements of the main climatically and chemically active atmospheric gaseous species concentrations, including volatile organic compounds. The main attention is paid to the comparative analysis, mainly between the megacity and its suburban area, by average species concentrations and some quality features of their seasonal and diurnal variations. The obtained results confirmed the previously studied features of the daily variations of inorganic gaseous species in Moscow and showed such features for organic compounds in the countryside.","PeriodicalId":44680,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Earth Sciences","volume":"64 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138978929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The impact of technogenic objects on the plant communities of the Taman Peninsula is considered. Technogenic transformations lead to destabilization of the balance in plant communities and landscapes of the Taman Peninsula. Anthropogenic successions are manifested differently in different types of ecosystems. The speed and nature of these processes usually determine the resistance of individual populations to the action of new environmental factors on them. When the vegetation cover is destroyed, the succession will focus on the formation of a ruderal community. When the sand-shell substrate was replaced with cement blocks in the littoral zone, the succession began to form linear synanthropic communities.
{"title":"Transformation and Features of Plant Successions of the Taman Peninsula in Case of Technogenic Impact","authors":"S. Litvinskaya","doi":"10.2205/2023es02si18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2205/2023es02si18","url":null,"abstract":"The impact of technogenic objects on the plant communities of the Taman Peninsula is considered. Technogenic transformations lead to destabilization of the balance in plant communities and landscapes of the Taman Peninsula. Anthropogenic successions are manifested differently in different types of ecosystems. The speed and nature of these processes usually determine the resistance of individual populations to the action of new environmental factors on them. When the vegetation cover is destroyed, the succession will focus on the formation of a ruderal community. When the sand-shell substrate was replaced with cement blocks in the littoral zone, the succession began to form linear synanthropic communities.","PeriodicalId":44680,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Earth Sciences","volume":"64 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138981952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The previous paper of this series presented the results of a numerical investigation of the dependence of the dominant growth rates of Bloch eigenmodes on the diffusivity parameters (the molecular viscosity ν and molecular magnetic diffusivity η) in three linear stability problems: the kinematic dynamo problem, and the hydrodynamic and MHD stability problems for steady spaceperiodic flows and MHD states. The dominant eigenmodes (i.e., the stability modes, whose growth rates are maximum over the wave vector q of the planar wave involved in the Bloch modes) comprise branches. In some branches, the dominant growth rates are attained for constant half-integer q. In all the three stability problems for parity-invariant steady states, offshoot branches, stemming from the branches of this type, were found, in which the dominant growth rates are attained for q depending on ν and/or η. We consider now such a branching of the dominant magnetic modes in the kinematic dynamo problem, where an offshoot stems from a branch of neutral eigenmodes for q = 0, and construct power series expansions for the offshoots and the associated eigenvalues of the magnetic induction operator near the point of bifurcation. We show that the branching occurs for the molecular magnetic diffusivities, for which the two eigenvalues of the eddy diffusivity operator become imaginary, and magnetic field generation by the mechanism of the negative eddy diffusivity ceases. The details of branching in the other linear stability problems under consideration are distinct.
{"title":"Linear perturbations of the Bloch type of space-periodic magnetohydrodynamic steady states. III. Asymptotics of branching","authors":"R. Chertovskih, V. Zheligovsky","doi":"10.2205/2023es000841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2205/2023es000841","url":null,"abstract":"The previous paper of this series presented the results of a numerical investigation of the dependence of the dominant growth rates of Bloch eigenmodes on the diffusivity parameters (the molecular viscosity ν and molecular magnetic diffusivity η) in three linear stability problems: the kinematic dynamo problem, and the hydrodynamic and MHD stability problems for steady spaceperiodic flows and MHD states. The dominant eigenmodes (i.e., the stability modes, whose growth rates are maximum over the wave vector q of the planar wave involved in the Bloch modes) comprise branches. In some branches, the dominant growth rates are attained for constant half-integer q. In all the three stability problems for parity-invariant steady states, offshoot branches, stemming from the branches of this type, were found, in which the dominant growth rates are attained for q depending on ν and/or η. We consider now such a branching of the dominant magnetic modes in the kinematic dynamo problem, where an offshoot stems from a branch of neutral eigenmodes for q = 0, and construct power series expansions for the offshoots and the associated eigenvalues of the magnetic induction operator near the point of bifurcation. We show that the branching occurs for the molecular magnetic diffusivities, for which the two eigenvalues of the eddy diffusivity operator become imaginary, and magnetic field generation by the mechanism of the negative eddy diffusivity ceases. The details of branching in the other linear stability problems under consideration are distinct.","PeriodicalId":44680,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Earth Sciences","volume":"388 1-3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139183673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Every year, the percentage of development of complex and unconventional hydrocarbon reservoirs is increasing, which is associated with the depletion of traditional oil and gas reserves. Carbonate reservoirs are hard-to-recover reservoir rocks due to the high degree of heterogeneity. A more detailed study of the lithological features and physical properties of carbonate rocks is an important and integral part of the complex reservoirs development. In the present work has done a comprehensive analysis of the lithological and geomechanical properties of the Middle Carboniferous strata deposits of the Dachnoye oil field, located in the southeast of the Republic of Tatarstan. The main attention in the research was focused on the estimation of the britleness of rocks. Britleness index is necessary for correct prediction of hydraulic fracturing. The result of the research is the identification of carbonate facies and their geomechanical characteristics, as well as the estimation of the britleness of rocks by various methods.
{"title":"Evaluation of the Geomechanical Properties of Bashkirian Carbonate Rocks at the Tatarstan Republic for Optimization of Hydraulic Fracturing","authors":"E. Ziganshin, A. Kolchugin, A. Dautov, E. Nurieva","doi":"10.2205/2023es000886","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2205/2023es000886","url":null,"abstract":"Every year, the percentage of development of complex and unconventional hydrocarbon reservoirs is increasing, which is associated with the depletion of traditional oil and gas reserves. Carbonate reservoirs are hard-to-recover reservoir rocks due to the high degree of heterogeneity. A more detailed study of the lithological features and physical properties of carbonate rocks is an important and integral part of the complex reservoirs development. In the present work has done a comprehensive analysis of the lithological and geomechanical properties of the Middle Carboniferous strata deposits of the Dachnoye oil field, located in the southeast of the Republic of Tatarstan. The main attention in the research was focused on the estimation of the britleness of rocks. Britleness index is necessary for correct prediction of hydraulic fracturing. The result of the research is the identification of carbonate facies and their geomechanical characteristics, as well as the estimation of the britleness of rocks by various methods.","PeriodicalId":44680,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Earth Sciences","volume":"43 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139183168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article presents the results of the analysis of the species composition of the dendroflora of the city of Gelendzhik. The research covered 20 hectares of tree plantations. The route method and the transect method were used. In total, 30 transects were laid with a width of 5-20 m and the total length was 22 km. The routes covered all biotopes of natural (natural forest plantations on the outskirts of the city) and anthropogenic habitats (boarding houses, house territories of private households, spontaneous vegetation of roadsides and wastelands). True census of all tree and shrub species was carried out on the transects. Special attention was paid to rare species for which renewal and undergrowth were taken into account. The arboreal flora of Gelendzhik is represented by 110 species, which belong to 75 genera and 35 families. The predominant part of the dendroflora is represented by angiosperms (82.7%) and gymnosperms (13.7%). The families of Rosaceae, Cupressaceae and Fabaceae are most widely represented in the dendroflora of the city's green spaces (44%). The analysis of the species composition on their share of participation showed that the native fraction of the dendroflora prevails over the cultural one, which indicates its species richness. The analysis of the geographical element of the wild-growing fraction showed the heterogeneity of the dendroflora, in the formation of which 15 geographical elements take part. The largest number of species in the studied dendroflora belongs to the ancient Mediterranean group of geoelements. The significant participation of the Mediterranean and Caucasian geoelements indicates a high degree of autochthonicity in the development of the dendroflora of the city of Gelendzhik. Phanerophytes predominate among the life forms, represented equally by mesophanerophytes, nanophanerophytes and microphanerophytes. It should also be emphasized the significant participation of adventitious tree species (15.4% of the aboriginal fraction). Most of the adventitious species are of North American origin. The leading place in the quantitative spectrum is occupied by rare Mediterranean species Pinus brutia var. pityusa (Stev) Silba) (21% of the total number of studied individuals), Prunus mahaleb (L.) Vassilcz.) (7%), Pistacia atlantica Desf. (2.1%), which reflects the specifics of the dendroflora of the city of Gelendzhik.
{"title":"Urban Dendroflora of Dry Subtropics of the Northwestern Part of The Greater Caucasus on the Example of the City of Gelendzhik","authors":"Yulia Postarnak, V. Zhavoronkov","doi":"10.2205/2023es02si03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2205/2023es02si03","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of the analysis of the species composition of the dendroflora of the city of Gelendzhik. The research covered 20 hectares of tree plantations. The route method and the transect method were used. In total, 30 transects were laid with a width of 5-20 m and the total length was 22 km. The routes covered all biotopes of natural (natural forest plantations on the outskirts of the city) and anthropogenic habitats (boarding houses, house territories of private households, spontaneous vegetation of roadsides and wastelands). True census of all tree and shrub species was carried out on the transects. Special attention was paid to rare species for which renewal and undergrowth were taken into account. The arboreal flora of Gelendzhik is represented by 110 species, which belong to 75 genera and 35 families. The predominant part of the dendroflora is represented by angiosperms (82.7%) and gymnosperms (13.7%). The families of Rosaceae, Cupressaceae and Fabaceae are most widely represented in the dendroflora of the city's green spaces (44%). The analysis of the species composition on their share of participation showed that the native fraction of the dendroflora prevails over the cultural one, which indicates its species richness. The analysis of the geographical element of the wild-growing fraction showed the heterogeneity of the dendroflora, in the formation of which 15 geographical elements take part. The largest number of species in the studied dendroflora belongs to the ancient Mediterranean group of geoelements. The significant participation of the Mediterranean and Caucasian geoelements indicates a high degree of autochthonicity in the development of the dendroflora of the city of Gelendzhik. Phanerophytes predominate among the life forms, represented equally by mesophanerophytes, nanophanerophytes and microphanerophytes. It should also be emphasized the significant participation of adventitious tree species (15.4% of the aboriginal fraction). Most of the adventitious species are of North American origin. The leading place in the quantitative spectrum is occupied by rare Mediterranean species Pinus brutia var. pityusa (Stev) Silba) (21% of the total number of studied individuals), Prunus mahaleb (L.) Vassilcz.) (7%), Pistacia atlantica Desf. (2.1%), which reflects the specifics of the dendroflora of the city of Gelendzhik.","PeriodicalId":44680,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Earth Sciences","volume":"153 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138978511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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