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Other People’s Data: Privacy, Antitrust, and the Behavioral Advertising Business Model 他人数据:隐私、反垄断和行为广告商业模式
IF 0.2 4区 社会学 Q4 LAW Pub Date : 2022-05-19 DOI: 10.5195/lawreview.2022.871
I. Joseph
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引用次数: 0
Domestic Courts and the Generation of Norms in International Law 国内法院与国际法规范的形成
IF 0.2 4区 社会学 Q4 LAW Pub Date : 2022-05-19 DOI: 10.5195/lawreview.2021.857
Charles T. Kotuby, Jr.
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引用次数: 1
Global Climate Governance in 3D: Mainstreaming Geoengineering Within a Unified Framework 全球气候治理3D:统一框架内的主流地球工程
IF 0.2 4区 社会学 Q4 LAW Pub Date : 2022-05-19 DOI: 10.5195/lawreview.2022.863
G. Weil
The failure of conventional climate change mitigation to reduce climate-related risks to tolerable levels has spurred interest in more unconventional—and riskier—climate interventions. What currently sounds like science fiction could become a reality in the not-so-distant future: planes blasting particles into the sky to block the sun, vast deserts covered with mirrors, algae sucking carbon into the depths of the ocean. Scholars tend to lump all these unconventional climate measures together in a fuzzy category called “geoengineering,” and set them apart from conventional climate change mitigation. But the characteristics of climate interferences vary across three distinct dimensions, which the mitigation-geoengineering dichotomy fails to capture. First, interventions operate via different mechanisms, such as altering the atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases or changing the fraction of incoming solar radiation absorbed by the earth. Second, the characteristic duration of interferences varies from several days to millennia. Third, interferences differ in terms of leverage—the scale of climate impact achievable with a fixed investment of resources. This Article argues that global climate governance would be best served by a unified approach that addresses all climate interferences based on these three dimensions. In such a unified framework, influence over multilateral decisions to deploy risky, high-leverage interventions could be used as an incentive to induce greater national investment in safer, more expensive decarbonization efforts. Scientific uncertainty should not deter early action on geoengineering governance; it should be viewed as an opportunity to lock in agreement on neutral principles while national governments remain behind a partial veil of ignorance regarding their interests.
传统的气候变化缓解措施未能将气候相关风险降低到可容忍的水平,这激发了人们对更非常规、风险更高的气候干预措施的兴趣。现在听起来像科幻小说的东西可能在不久的将来成为现实:飞机向天空发射颗粒以阻挡阳光,覆盖着镜子的广阔沙漠,藻类将碳吸收到海洋深处。学者们倾向于将所有这些非常规的气候措施归入一个模糊的类别,称为“地球工程”,并将它们与传统的气候变化缓解措施区分开来。但是,气候干扰的特征在三个不同的维度上有所不同,这是减缓-地球工程二分法无法捕捉到的。首先,干预措施通过不同的机制发挥作用,例如改变大气中温室气体的浓度或改变地球吸收的入射太阳辐射的比例。其次,干扰的特征持续时间从几天到几千年不等。第三,干扰在杠杆方面有所不同,杠杆是指通过固定的资源投资可以实现的气候影响规模。本文认为,基于这三个维度,采用统一的方法解决所有气候干扰,将最有利于全球气候治理。在这样一个统一的框架中,对部署高风险、高杠杆干预措施的多边决策施加影响可以作为一种激励,促使各国加大对更安全、更昂贵的脱碳努力的投资。科学上的不确定性不应阻碍地球工程治理的早期行动;它应该被视为一个机会,在各国政府对自己的利益仍然部分无知的情况下,就中立原则达成一致。
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引用次数: 1
Breach of Trust: Proposing a Business Accreditation for “Probono Publico” Media 背信:提议对“Probono Publico”媒体进行商业认证
IF 0.2 4区 社会学 Q4 LAW Pub Date : 2022-05-19 DOI: 10.5195/lawreview.2022.872
Angela Mauroni
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引用次数: 0
The Sin of Singularity and the Divine Origins of Human Rights Advocacy 单一性之罪与人权倡导的神圣起源
IF 0.2 4区 社会学 Q4 LAW Pub Date : 2022-05-19 DOI: 10.5195/lawreview.2021.861
Shaina Trapedo
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引用次数: 1
Germany v. Philipp: Closing the Door on Victims of Their Own Countries 德国诉菲利普案:关闭本国受害者的大门
IF 0.2 4区 社会学 Q4 LAW Pub Date : 2022-05-19 DOI: 10.5195/lawreview.2021.855
Todd Grabarsky
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引用次数: 0
Law, Liquidity, and Monetary Policy 法律、流动性和货币政策
IF 0.2 4区 社会学 Q4 LAW Pub Date : 2022-05-19 DOI: 10.5195/lawreview.2022.869
M. K. Borowicz
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引用次数: 1
Nietzche’s Sovereign Individual and the Sin of Sodom 尼采的至高无上的个人和索多玛之罪
IF 0.2 4区 社会学 Q4 LAW Pub Date : 2022-05-19 DOI: 10.5195/lawreview.2021.860
Michael Pantazakos
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引用次数: 1
On the Interpretation of No-Hire Provisions in Pennsylvania-- The Case for Utilizing Federal Antitrust Law 论宾夕法尼亚州不雇佣条款的解释——以运用联邦反垄断法为例
IF 0.2 4区 社会学 Q4 LAW Pub Date : 2022-05-19 DOI: 10.5195/lawreview.2022.865
Henry Greco
Courts around the country lack guidance when evaluating the enforceability of an ancillary no-hire provision. In a jurisdiction without a statute directly on point, such as Pennsylvania, the paths taken thus far have ranged from adopting a noncompete framework to looking to other jurisdictions for assistance to relying on public policy rationales. The Pennsylvania Supreme Court recently adopted a test based on the reasonableness of the challenged provision, but the factors and the overarching reasoning confuse and conflate the concepts of “restraints of trade” and “restrictive covenants,” making it more difficult to reach a clear, sensible, and permanent solution.This Note draws a simple, logical line connecting no-hire provisions and the federal Rule of Reason test, advocating for its use whenever the enforceability of a no-hire provision is at issue. I argue that a no-hire provision is correctly categorized as a horizontal restraint of trade, that only reasonable restraints of trade are enforceable, and that the federal Rule of Reason test is the method by which the reasonability of a restraint is determined. Using this test provides a time-tested, inclusive, and fact-intensive framework that produces a well-considered and thorough conclusion as to the reasonability of a particular no-hire provision.
全国各地的法院在评估不雇佣条款的可执行性时缺乏指导。在没有直接相关法规的司法管辖区,如宾夕法尼亚州,迄今采取的途径包括采用竞业禁止框架,寻求其他司法管辖区的帮助,依靠公共政策的理由。宾夕法尼亚州最高法院最近采用了一种基于被质疑条款的合理性的测试,但这些因素和总体推理混淆了“贸易限制”和“限制性契约”的概念,使达成一个清晰、明智和永久的解决方案变得更加困难。本说明在禁止雇佣条款和联邦理性规则测试之间划了一条简单的逻辑线,主张在禁止雇佣条款的可执行性存在争议时使用它。我认为,不雇用条款被正确地归类为横向贸易限制,只有合理的贸易限制是可执行的,联邦理性规则测试是确定限制合理性的方法。使用这个测试提供了一个经过时间考验的、包容的和事实密集的框架,对特定的不雇用条款的合理性产生一个经过深思熟虑和彻底的结论。
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引用次数: 0
In Pursuit of the Right Path: The Promise of Islamic Leadership in the Post-Singapore Convention World of International Commercial Mediation 追求正确的道路:新加坡会议后国际商事调解世界中伊斯兰领导的承诺
IF 0.2 4区 社会学 Q4 LAW Pub Date : 2022-05-19 DOI: 10.5195/lawreview.2021.862
Andrés D. Sellitto Ferrari
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引用次数: 0
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