NUCLEAR MEDICINE REVIEW最新文献

We reported 99m-Tc phytate accumulation in the pyelocalyceal system of the kidney in the lymphoscintigraphic images of a 3.5 months-old male infant with chylous ascites, which was mistaken with the site of lymph leakage. SPECT/CT localized activity in the para-aortic region to the renal pelvis and on delayed images, this was disappeared. Our case illustrates the added value of SPECT/CT for the differentiation of possible false-positive findings in lymphoscintigraphy.

Fever of Unknown Origin (FUO) is a vexing clinical problem. Diagnosis of aetiology is essential for definitive management. A wide array of infective, inflammatory, malignant and miscellaneous pathologies can cause FUO. Hybrid imaging with 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) is now an integral part of FUO management because of its ability to demonstrate the cause in a large proportion of cases. The authors present the case of a 42-year-old male, where an infected fistula-in-ano was detected as the cause of FUO on 18F-FDG PET-CT.

The authors reported the case of 69 years old woman presented with subclinical hyperthyroidism. 99m-Tc pertechnetate scan showed the abnormal focus of hot uptake in the left lobe, suggestive of a hyperfunctioning toxic thyroid nodule. Surgical treatment was advised because of the size of the nodule as a more applicable solution. Histological findings showed papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Background: The authors aimed to elucidate the effect of liver space-occupying lesions (SOL) on the quantitative index of the hepatic reserve, calculated using the dynamic planar image (LHLplanar), and a three-dimensional quantitative index (LHLSPECT) calculated using quantitative combined modality single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT/CT).

Material and methods: Water balloons of different volumes that simulated liver SOL were placed in various positions in the combined cardiac-liver phantom to examine the effects of liver SOL on visualization and quantitative indicators (LHLplanar and LHLSPECT). A 200 mL water balloon was placed in the anterior right, posterior right, left medial and left lateral lobes in the liver phantom to compare LHLplanar and LHLSPECT values with and without liver SOL at each position. Subsequently, volumes of those in the front of the right lobe were changed to 50 mL, 100 mL, 200 mL, and 400 mL, followed by statistically comparing LHLplanar and LHLSPECT values in the presence and absence of liver SOL.

Results: Despite the variation in the degree of defect accumulation with the location of the balloon when using frontal planar imaging, quantitative SPECT/CT imaging identified all defects. Multiple comparison analysis revealed that unlike LHLSPECT, the LHLplanar values changed according to liver SOL position and volume.

Conclusions: Liver SOL position and volume may affect the hepatic reserve assessments performed using LHLplanar values. In contrast, LHLSPECT is calculated using quantitative SPECT/CT and considers the effects of scattering and attenuation corrections. Therefore, LHLSPECT is a more accurate quantitative indicator of hepatic reserve than LHLplanar and is expected to facilitate future clinical research.

Background: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disorder with an increased risk for coronary artery disease (CAD). This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the rate of myocardial ischaemia in patients with psoriasis subjected to myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI).

Material and methods: Twelve patients with moderate to severe psoriasis that had MPI were compared to 395 MPIs randomly retrieved from our MPIs pool data. All patients had a [99mTc]tetrofosmin stress - rest single-photon emission computer tomography ([99mTc]SPECT). Summed difference scores (SDS) were calculated for stress (SSS), rest (SRS) and their difference (SDS = SSS - SRS).

Results: There was no significant difference in the frequency of abnormal MPI SPECT outcomes between patients with vs. without psoriasis (6/12 vs 214/395 respectively; p = 0.778). From the evaluation of SSS, SRS and SDS, only the SDS scores of inadequately compensated resting perfusion defects were significantly lower in patients with psoriasis (p = 0.012).

Conclusions: Patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis had a similar rate of abnormal SSS scans compared to control patients. However, the SDS scans were significantly lower in patients with psoriasis indicating compromised reversibility of resting perfusion defects. Larger controlled studies are needed to verify these observations.

Double primary lung cancer (DPLC) is a rare occurrence of primaries of different histologies or the same histology in different lobes in absence of advanced nodal or distant metastasis. It could be synchronous or metachronous. They are frequently misdiagnosed as metastasis or recurrence. This study presents the staging [¹⁸F]Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography findings in a case of a 74-year-old man with DPLC of different histologies.

Cancer and cardiovascular disease are the most significant causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although the cancer survival rate has increased due to improved treatment approaches, especially targeted therapy, some side effects such as cardiotoxicity decrease the efficiency of the clinical outcome. Radiation therapy and chemotherapy have a long-established history of potential cardiotoxic effects. A new multi-disciplinary and translational field known as cardio-oncology has been developed for the identification, prevention, and treatment of cardiovascular dysfunctions associated with cancer treatment approaches. One of the important tools for detecting and monitoring cardiotoxic effects is non-invasive nuclear cardiac imaging techniques. Cardiac nuclear imaging modalities especially recent findings positron emission tomography (PET) tracers have a quintessential role in the early detection of cardiovascular disorders. Moreover, comprehensive studies are required to investigate novel nuclear medicine treatment approaches such as peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT), fibroblast activation protein (FAP), and chemokine receptor (CXCR) targeting probes for possible cardiac side effects that play important roles in the treatment of malignancies.

Gastric cancer (GC) is a common cause of cancer-related deaths in the world. In addition to the patient's clinical history and clinical examination, nuclear medicine tools are required for diagnosis. [¹⁸F]FDG PET/CT has been commonly used for cancer patients for staging, restaging, evaluation of treatment response. This study aimed to review the current literature on the role of [¹⁸F]FDG PET/CT for GC management.