Archaeologies-Journal of the World Archaeological Congress最新文献

Data ownership and accessibility are critical issues across academia, but especially in fields that touch upon digital heritage that relates to pre-colonial/colonial societies. Who can access spatial datasets about pre-colonial landscapes, who is writing about these topics, and who, by extension, is considered an authority on these topics? This paper explores data ownership, gender, and local affiliation by examining publications on archaeological lidar in Latin America between 2011 and 2021. For over 10 years, archaeological remote sensing derived from lidar has transformed research in Latin America and especially in Mesoamerica, yet there are numerous issues related to data ownership and authoritative voice that remain unresolved. This study shows that publication authorship, including first and co-authorship, is dominated by male researchers at US institutions while women and individuals associated with institutions in Latin America are poorly represented. The limited representation of authors with local or community affiliations suggests that local authoritative voices are largely muted in archaeological lidar research in the region. We discuss working toward more collaborative lidar research in Latin America.

Digitization of heritage in art gallery and museum contexts raises ethical concerns around ownership, consent, and use. It also highlights fundamental issues of access and engagement for blind and partially sighted (BPS) visitors, especially elders. Gamification, which refers to the use of game elements and game design techniques, such as user feedback and additive levels of progress in non-game contexts, has been used to improve heritage pedagogy, accessibility for and engagement with museum and art gallery visitors. This paper examines collaborative efforts in digital heritage that engage with BPS visitors from historically excluded communities, thereby addressing their traditional exclusion from experiential learning in museum and art gallery settings. In this ethical framework, we use 3D printed models to demonstrate how gamification can play an essential role in providing BPS visitors in museum and art galleries an incentive to engage with the digital and physical archives, guiding them in experiential learning, and enabling new insights into their heritage. Fulsome implementation of 3D models as gamified objects can improve viewership, sharing, learning, and open discussion on redress for BPS members of historically excluded groups when it comes to their heritage. Gamification of digital heritage can enable a more diverse group of visitors to fully participate in the museum and art gallery experience.

This paper discusses the topic of hyphenated identity as it pertains to the Arab American community in central Ohio, U.S.A. It aims at highlighting the experiences of this minority group and bringing them to the forefront as knowledge creators. The paper focuses on creating and carefully analyzing a digital cultural record of Arab American voices. The paper uses the methodology of digital oral history to answer the following questions: (1) how digital oral history projects can help us understand individuals with hyphenated identities; (2) what factors shape the Arab American identity, and (3) what common practices are used by this group to balance preserving their identity and heritage, while integrating within White American culture.

This article brings attention to challenges faced by stakeholders in Mexico-United States border cultural heritage, from community access to material to the reclaiming of a transborder history. Focusing on print culture, in this case newspapers in physical, microfilm and digital formats, this analysis sheds light on how classification schemes, infrastructures, and their governance raise inequities within archival material housed in governmental institutions, universities, and commercial platforms located in both Mexico and the United States. Finally, this work proposes binational-transnational ethical practices and digital initiatives that allow and facilitate the creation of transborder knowledge by integrating border cultural heritage with digital humanities.

Tourism in heritage sites pushes back on the criticism of whether or not globalization should be understood as a conflict between creation, civil rights, and the ecosystem, normative ideas often characteristic of specific grounded communities. Tourism in ancient heritage sites has been a popular form for decades and remains so. Therefore, many studies address sustainability issues in these locations by focusing on their economic and environmental aspects. By comparison, fewer studies address social sustainability in historical sites, particularly in the context of developing economies. Given the scarcity of such research, this study explores social-sustainability concerns in Hampi, India. The application of a qualitative methodology with triangulation techniques identified the objective of this study. Reflective thematic analysis identified three main themes: power, politics, and the ongoing tug of war between local people and authorities; heritage tourism development challenges in Hampi; and “what is real,” ie., the concerns of authenticity.

A growing literature in archaeological theory has embraced the “material turn,” especially what is branded as “Object-Oriented Ontology” (OOO). Some archaeologists view this as an opportunity for the discipline which is, by definition, a practice of knowing objects. Others argue that the material turn may open up hitherto-unexplored ways of looking at historical processes. While this all sounds very exciting for a new generation of archaeologists, we see a genuine need to be cautious about the implications of subscribing to OOO-inspired archaeologies. These new theoretical developments have a direct impact on how archaeologists narrate, conceptualize, and interpret the past, present and future. In this article, we scrutinize the philosophical pathway behind this perspective and discuss its relation to archaeological theory. We advocate a modest, responsive version of new materialist archaeologies that can engage more thoughtfully with the past and Anthropocene social crises of systemic injustice and inequality.

One of the main goals of public archaeology is to facilitate the public access to the past. This paper constitutes an attempt to address this challenge and tackle one of the most significant, and burgeoning, problems for museums (the saturation of deposit spaces). We conducted a pedagogical experience that, seeking to entice young audiences, resulted in a successful interaction between school students and archaeological materials. Our methods are informed by the guidelines of Participatory Action Research and highlight the importance of stimulating an active engagement, through sensorial and practical approaches to orphan archaeological objects. The meaningful engagement that results from interactions, we argue, opens room not only to provide a closer appreciation of the materiality of these objects but primarily a reflection of a ‘distant past’ as something not so distant. This is particularly relevant in the context where we unfold our work because of its deep archaeological past and culturally diverse and indigenous background, which, nonetheless, are commonly thought as disassociated from the current population. We conclude that these interactive engagements foster the emergence of new spaces of debate in which the past is not closed and becomes a field of reflection and public action.