Pub Date : 2024-05-03DOI: 10.19080/jocct.2024.19.556012
Maria Isabel Gomez Coral
Doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy (DIC) is a significant complication of cancer treatment, characterized by irreversible cardiac damage and adverse effects on patient outcomes. Despite extensive research into its mechanisms and risk factors, effective prevention and management strategies still need to be discovered. This review summarizes the current understanding of DIC, including its epidemiology, mechanisms, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and prevention strategies. Emphasis is placed on the challenges in managing DIC, highlighting the need for novel therapeutic approaches targeting mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and myocardial injury. Future research directions and advances in biomarker discovery are discussed, offering potential avenues for improving early detection and personalized management of DIC in cancer patients.
{"title":"Understanding Cardiomyopathy Induced by Doxorubicin Therapy: Mechanisms, Diagnosis, and Management Strategies","authors":"Maria Isabel Gomez Coral","doi":"10.19080/jocct.2024.19.556012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/jocct.2024.19.556012","url":null,"abstract":"Doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy (DIC) is a significant complication of cancer treatment, characterized by irreversible cardiac damage and adverse effects on patient outcomes. Despite extensive research into its mechanisms and risk factors, effective prevention and management strategies still need to be discovered. This review summarizes the current understanding of DIC, including its epidemiology, mechanisms, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and prevention strategies. Emphasis is placed on the challenges in managing DIC, highlighting the need for novel therapeutic approaches targeting mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and myocardial injury. Future research directions and advances in biomarker discovery are discussed, offering potential avenues for improving early detection and personalized management of DIC in cancer patients.","PeriodicalId":447476,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiology & Cardiovascular Therapy","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141017041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-03DOI: 10.19080/jocct.2024.19.556009
Maria Isabel Gomez Coral
Cocaine-induced coronary syndromes represent a significant public health concern, with complex pathophysiology and high morbidity and mortality rates. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, management strategies, prognosis, and complications associated with cocaine-induced coronary syndromes. Epidemiological data suggest a notable increase in cocaine use globally, with significant implications for cardiovascular health. The pathophysiology of cocaine-induced coronary syndromes involves multifaceted mechanisms, including vascular dysfunction, myocardial ischemia, atherosclerosis, and thrombosis. Clinical manifestations range from asymptomatic electrocardiographic changes to life-threatening acute myocardial infarction, posing diagnostic challenges for healthcare professionals. Management strategies encompass a multidisciplinary approach, including pharmacological interventions, revascularization procedures, and behavioral interventions aimed at addressing both acute cardiovascular events and underlying substance abuse disorders. Despite advancements in medical therapy and preventive measures, the burden of cocaine-induced coronary syndromes remains substantial, highlighting the need for collaborative efforts to mitigate the impact of cocaine-related cardiovascular complications on public health and clinical practice.
{"title":"Cocaine-Induced Coronary Syndromes: Unraveling the Complex Pathophysiology and Clinical Implications","authors":"Maria Isabel Gomez Coral","doi":"10.19080/jocct.2024.19.556009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/jocct.2024.19.556009","url":null,"abstract":"Cocaine-induced coronary syndromes represent a significant public health concern, with complex pathophysiology and high morbidity and mortality rates. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, management strategies, prognosis, and complications associated with cocaine-induced coronary syndromes. Epidemiological data suggest a notable increase in cocaine use globally, with significant implications for cardiovascular health. The pathophysiology of cocaine-induced coronary syndromes involves multifaceted mechanisms, including vascular dysfunction, myocardial ischemia, atherosclerosis, and thrombosis. Clinical manifestations range from asymptomatic electrocardiographic changes to life-threatening acute myocardial infarction, posing diagnostic challenges for healthcare professionals. Management strategies encompass a multidisciplinary approach, including pharmacological interventions, revascularization procedures, and behavioral interventions aimed at addressing both acute cardiovascular events and underlying substance abuse disorders. Despite advancements in medical therapy and preventive measures, the burden of cocaine-induced coronary syndromes remains substantial, highlighting the need for collaborative efforts to mitigate the impact of cocaine-related cardiovascular complications on public health and clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":447476,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiology & Cardiovascular Therapy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140748379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-21DOI: 10.19080/jocct.2023.18.555993
Maria Isabel Gomez Coral
{"title":"An Overview of Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy, a Potential Mimic of Acute Myocardial Infarction","authors":"Maria Isabel Gomez Coral","doi":"10.19080/jocct.2023.18.555993","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/jocct.2023.18.555993","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":447476,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiology & Cardiovascular Therapy","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123610975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-21DOI: 10.19080/jocct.2023.18.555994
Sarr Simon Antoine
{"title":"Ventricular Tachycardia in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Complicated with Apical Aneurysm: About two cases","authors":"Sarr Simon Antoine","doi":"10.19080/jocct.2023.18.555994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/jocct.2023.18.555994","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":447476,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiology & Cardiovascular Therapy","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116958130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-08DOI: 10.19080/jocct.2023.18.555990
Tushar Menon
Due to the diverse etiologies and sub-phenotypes that characterize HFpEF (heart failure with preserved ejection fraction), it is challenging to treat all cases with a single medication [1,2]. As a result, patients with HFpEF and HFmrEF (Hear failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction defined as those with an EF of 40-49%) have few treatment alternatives. The current recommendations state that diuretics are suggested for HFpEF patients when needed to treat their symptoms [3,4]. The extensive range of pharmacotherapies that have been tried so far have not significantly improved the consequences for patients with HFmrEF or HFpEF. A crucial unmet need in the treatment of these individuals is the hunt for a pharmacotherapeutic drug that will reduce “hard endpoints,” such as mortality and serious cardiac events [5].
{"title":"Looking at the Efficacy of SGLT2 Inhibitors in Heart Failure with Mildly Reduced and Preserved Ejection Fraction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Tushar Menon","doi":"10.19080/jocct.2023.18.555990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/jocct.2023.18.555990","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the diverse etiologies and sub-phenotypes that characterize HFpEF (heart failure with preserved ejection fraction), it is challenging to treat all cases with a single medication [1,2]. As a result, patients with HFpEF and HFmrEF (Hear failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction defined as those with an EF of 40-49%) have few treatment alternatives. The current recommendations state that diuretics are suggested for HFpEF patients when needed to treat their symptoms [3,4]. The extensive range of pharmacotherapies that have been tried so far have not significantly improved the consequences for patients with HFmrEF or HFpEF. A crucial unmet need in the treatment of these individuals is the hunt for a pharmacotherapeutic drug that will reduce “hard endpoints,” such as mortality and serious cardiac events [5].","PeriodicalId":447476,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiology & Cardiovascular Therapy","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116263963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.19080/jocct.2023.18.555989
M. Gomez
lood transfusions are prevalent treatment procedures nowadays for various medical conditions that involve the administration of whole blood or separated blood components alone or in various combinations that can be administered intravenously; these are undertaken with therapeutic or curative goals in mind, they may carry associated risks and complications that must be weighed against the benefits before initiating therapy. A typical subset of complications associated with transfusions includes Transfusion reactions. These include Non-infectious (Acute and Delayed) and infectious complications. Non-infectious transfusion reactions include Immune-mediated reactions to blood components, such as Febrile Non-hemolytic Transfusion reactions (FNHTR), Allergic Transfusion reactions, Hemolytic Transfusion reactions (HTR), Transfusion-related Acute Lung Injury (TRALI), and Transfusion Associated Graft versus Host Disease (TAGVHD), these reactions have different mechanism and complications between them. They can be differentiated for the mechanism of action, presentation time, and clinic. Blood transfusion immunological reactions remain a significant concern in clinical settings, leading to various symptoms. Diagnosing these reactions requires careful monitoring and evaluation of the patient’s clinical status and laboratory parameters. The prevention methods for these reactions include pre-transfusion testing, selecting appropriate blood products, and using leukoreduced blood products. Treatment options may include supportive care, discontinuation of transfusion, and immunosuppressive therapy in severe cases. This article aims to provide an overview of how to identify immune-mediated transfusion reactions, manage them as they occur, and even prevent them if possible.
{"title":"An Overview of the Identification, Prevention, and Management of Immunological Reactions to Blood Transfusion","authors":"M. Gomez","doi":"10.19080/jocct.2023.18.555989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/jocct.2023.18.555989","url":null,"abstract":"lood transfusions are prevalent treatment procedures nowadays for various medical conditions that involve the administration of whole blood or separated blood components alone or in various combinations that can be administered intravenously; these are undertaken with therapeutic or curative goals in mind, they may carry associated risks and complications that must be weighed against the benefits before initiating therapy. A typical subset of complications associated with transfusions includes Transfusion reactions. These include Non-infectious (Acute and Delayed) and infectious complications. Non-infectious transfusion reactions include Immune-mediated reactions to blood components, such as Febrile Non-hemolytic Transfusion reactions (FNHTR), Allergic Transfusion reactions, Hemolytic Transfusion reactions (HTR), Transfusion-related Acute Lung Injury (TRALI), and Transfusion Associated Graft versus Host Disease (TAGVHD), these reactions have different mechanism and complications between them. They can be differentiated for the mechanism of action, presentation time, and clinic. Blood transfusion immunological reactions remain a significant concern in clinical settings, leading to various symptoms. Diagnosing these reactions requires careful monitoring and evaluation of the patient’s clinical status and laboratory parameters. The prevention methods for these reactions include pre-transfusion testing, selecting appropriate blood products, and using leukoreduced blood products. Treatment options may include supportive care, discontinuation of transfusion, and immunosuppressive therapy in severe cases. This article aims to provide an overview of how to identify immune-mediated transfusion reactions, manage them as they occur, and even prevent them if possible.","PeriodicalId":447476,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiology & Cardiovascular Therapy","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114873081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-24DOI: 10.19080/jocct.2023.18.555988
Tushar Menon
Chest pain is a common presenting symptom in emergency departments, and its evaluation and management require careful consideration of various potential causes, ranging from benign musculoskeletal pain to serious cardiac conditions. Myocardial infarction (MI) is a well-known cause of chest pain, particularly in older individuals with risk factors such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and smoking history. However, MI in young patients without significant risk factors is relatively uncommon and can pose diagnostic challenges. In this case report, we describe the case of a 26-year-old female with no pertinent past medical history who presented to ED with acute chest pain and was diagnosed with a subtotal occlusion of the mid obtuse marginal (OM) branch of the coronary artery requiring two drug eluting stents to be placed.
{"title":"Myocardial Infarction in a Young Female Patient with Subtotal Occlusion of the Mid OM Branch: A Case Report and Review of Potential Causes","authors":"Tushar Menon","doi":"10.19080/jocct.2023.18.555988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/jocct.2023.18.555988","url":null,"abstract":"Chest pain is a common presenting symptom in emergency departments, and its evaluation and management require careful consideration of various potential causes, ranging from benign musculoskeletal pain to serious cardiac conditions. Myocardial infarction (MI) is a well-known cause of chest pain, particularly in older individuals with risk factors such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and smoking history. However, MI in young patients without significant risk factors is relatively uncommon and can pose diagnostic challenges. In this case report, we describe the case of a 26-year-old female with no pertinent past medical history who presented to ED with acute chest pain and was diagnosed with a subtotal occlusion of the mid obtuse marginal (OM) branch of the coronary artery requiring two drug eluting stents to be placed.","PeriodicalId":447476,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiology & Cardiovascular Therapy","volume":"125 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129311918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-28DOI: 10.19080/oajnn.2023.18.555979
Vitamins are essential elements from various food sources that the nervous system requires to function correctly. Vitamin deficiency is a widespread public health problem in some populations particularly susceptible. The deficit of many different types of vitamins is associated with neurologic dysfunction. It commonly results from a complex interplay of factors related to inadequate intake, impaired absorption, increased demand, and/or increased excretion. The prevalence of vitamin deficiency is difficult to estimate precisely as it varies depending on the vitamin in question. In addition, the clinical presentation varies widely based on the type of vitamin deficiency. Specific signs or symptoms accompany the deficiency of each vitamin.
{"title":"Neurological Dysfunction Associated with Vitamin Deficiencies: A Narrative Review","authors":"","doi":"10.19080/oajnn.2023.18.555979","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/oajnn.2023.18.555979","url":null,"abstract":"Vitamins are essential elements from various food sources that the nervous system requires to function correctly. Vitamin deficiency is a widespread public health problem in some populations particularly susceptible. The deficit of many different types of vitamins is associated with neurologic dysfunction. It commonly results from a complex interplay of factors related to inadequate intake, impaired absorption, increased demand, and/or increased excretion. The prevalence of vitamin deficiency is difficult to estimate precisely as it varies depending on the vitamin in question. In addition, the clinical presentation varies widely based on the type of vitamin deficiency. Specific signs or symptoms accompany the deficiency of each vitamin.","PeriodicalId":447476,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiology & Cardiovascular Therapy","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122102160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-26DOI: 10.19080/jocct.2023.18.555982
Tushar Menon
As we grow older, and our population continues to live longer due to advancements in modern medical therapies, we have a growing population of elderly patients. There will inevitably be more patients who present with mitral stenosis secondary to severe mitral annular calcification and a corresponding need for repair due to the nature of increased friable myocardium present within these tissues. Atrioventricular dissociation associated with left ventricular rupture after mitral valve replacement occurs in approximately 1.2% of cases, and of those cases there is up to a 75% mortality rate even when appropriate surgical techniques are performed [1].
{"title":"Rupture of the Left Ventricle in the Atrioventricular Groove After Mitral Valve Replacement: A Case Report","authors":"Tushar Menon","doi":"10.19080/jocct.2023.18.555982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/jocct.2023.18.555982","url":null,"abstract":"As we grow older, and our population continues to live longer due to advancements in modern medical therapies, we have a growing population of elderly patients. There will inevitably be more patients who present with mitral stenosis secondary to severe mitral annular calcification and a corresponding need for repair due to the nature of increased friable myocardium present within these tissues. Atrioventricular dissociation associated with left ventricular rupture after mitral valve replacement occurs in approximately 1.2% of cases, and of those cases there is up to a 75% mortality rate even when appropriate surgical techniques are performed [1].","PeriodicalId":447476,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiology & Cardiovascular Therapy","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121702863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-05DOI: 10.19080/jocct.2023.18.555980
S. Barth
Fractional low reserve (FFR)-guided percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has been shown to reduce the need for PCI and to improve clinical outcome. Several anatomical features and hemodynamic parameters are well known to influence FFR determination. We evaluated the prevalence and prognostic impact of modifying anatomical features influencing the FFR- measurement on survival, myocardial infarction and the need of recurrent coronary revascularization.
{"title":"Prevalence and Prognostic Relevance of Modifying Anatomical Features Influencing the Measurement of Fractional Flow Reserve in Complex Situations in Daily Practice","authors":"S. Barth","doi":"10.19080/jocct.2023.18.555980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/jocct.2023.18.555980","url":null,"abstract":"Fractional low reserve (FFR)-guided percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has been shown to reduce the need for PCI and to improve clinical outcome. Several anatomical features and hemodynamic parameters are well known to influence FFR determination. We evaluated the prevalence and prognostic impact of modifying anatomical features influencing the FFR- measurement on survival, myocardial infarction and the need of recurrent coronary revascularization.","PeriodicalId":447476,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiology & Cardiovascular Therapy","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128827595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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