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Spur gears with contact ratio less than unity 接触比小于1的正齿轮
Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.35429/jid.2022.15.6.26.34
Homero Jiménez-Rabiela, B. Vázquez-González, José Luis Ramírez-Cruz, Adrian Gustavo Bravo-Acosta
The objective of this research is to evaluate the design of a pair of spur gears and another analogous pair with a contact ratio of less than unity. Considering two pairs of normalized gears with equal diametral pitches and pressure angles, as well as equal pitch radii in their driving gears and equal pitch radii in their driven gears. For the first pair of gears with normalized tooth numbers, the contact ratio greater than unity es obtained. For the second pair of gears, the number of teeth is proportionally reduced, consequently obtaining a contact ratio of less than one. For both pairs, the maximum von Mises stresses are obtained using the finite element method. The pairs are compared qualitatively and quantitatively. This work contributes with novel elements of judgment for a better decision making of the industrialists interested in reducing the problems of normalized spur gears such as noise, abrasive wear, adhesive wear, temperature, and efforts induced by the overlapping relationship between coupled teeth; proposing them a practical solution that will open new avenues of research.
本研究的目的是评估一对直齿齿轮和另一个类似的副,接触比小于1的设计。考虑两对等径节距和压力角的归一化齿轮,其主动齿轮和从动齿轮的节距半径相等。对于齿数归一化的第一对齿轮,得到了大于1的接触比。对于第二对齿轮,齿的数量按比例减少,从而获得小于1的接触比。用有限元法得到了两副材料的最大von Mises应力。对它们进行了定性和定量比较。这项工作有助于为工业家提供更好的决策判断的新元素,以减少标准化正齿轮的问题,如噪音、磨料磨损、粘着磨损、温度和耦合齿之间的重叠关系引起的努力;向他们提出一个实用的解决方案,这将开辟新的研究途径。
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引用次数: 0
MAC-based Artificial Neural network for voice command recognition 基于mac的语音命令识别人工神经网络
Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.35429/jid.2022.15.6.19.25
Rafael Rodríguez-Ponce
Artificial neural networks are one of the most popular families of machine learning algorithms of this decade. Although they exist since the middle of the last century, until recent years with the improvement of technology, they are being widely used in fields such as character, image, and voice recognition. There is a large number of works implementing neural networks for speech recognition; however, the approach has usually been for operation on a personal computer, which is not suitable for mobile applications. This article presents a neural network for voice command recognition, implemented in a compact FPGA card with low computational resources. In addition, it uses a multiplication and accumulation unit, called MAC, with which it achieves a smaller size and higher speed. This paper will be of interest to students or researchers working on machine learning mobile applications.
人工神经网络是近十年来最流行的机器学习算法之一。虽然自上世纪中叶就已经存在,但直到近年来随着技术的进步,它们才被广泛应用于字符、图像和语音识别等领域。有大量的工作实现用于语音识别的神经网络;然而,这种方法通常用于个人电脑上的操作,不适合移动应用程序。本文提出了一种用于语音命令识别的神经网络,该网络在计算资源少的紧凑FPGA卡上实现。此外,它还使用了一种称为MAC的乘法累积单元,可以实现更小的体积和更高的速度。本文将对从事机器学习移动应用的学生或研究人员感兴趣。
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引用次数: 0
Neural Sliding mode control of a regenerative braking system for electric vehicles 电动汽车再生制动系统的神经滑模控制
Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.35429/jid.2022.15.6.10.18
Mario Antonio Ruz-Canul, Larbi Djilali, J. Ruz-Hernández, E.N. Sanchez-Camperos
This paper summarizes the work done on the development of a Neural Sliding Mode Controller (NSMC) for a regenerative braking system used in an electric vehicle (EV), which is composed of a Main Energy System (MES) and an Auxiliary Energy System (AES). This last one contains a buck-boost converter and a super-capacitor. The AES aims to recover the energy generated during braking that the MES cannot retrieve and use later during acceleration. A neural identifier trained with the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) has been used to estimate the buck-boost converter real dynamics and to build up the NSMC, which is implemented to regulate the voltage and current dynamics in the AES. Simulation results, illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme to track time-varying references of the AES voltage and current dynamics measured at the buck-boost converter and ensure the charging and discharging operation modes of the super-capacitor. In addition, the proposed control scheme enhances the EV storage system efficiency and performance, when the regenerative braking system is employed.
本文综述了由主能量系统(MES)和辅助能量系统(AES)组成的电动汽车再生制动系统神经网络滑模控制器(NSMC)的研制工作。最后一个包含一个降压转换器和一个超级电容器。AES旨在回收制动过程中产生的能量,而MES无法回收这些能量,并在随后的加速过程中使用。利用扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF)训练的神经辨识器来估计buck-boost变换器的实际动态,并建立NSMC,实现对AES中电压和电流动态的调节。仿真结果表明,所提出的控制方案能够有效地跟踪升压变换器测量到的AES电压和电流动态的时变参考参数,并保证超级电容器的充放电工作模式。此外,当采用再生制动系统时,所提出的控制方案提高了电动汽车储能系统的效率和性能。
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引用次数: 0
Control based on GLRT algorithm for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle 基于GLRT算法的无人机控制
Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.35429/jid.2022.15.6.1.9
Francisco Javier Zavala-Contreras, H. Alazki, David Cortés-Vega, V. Golikov
This paper proposes the study of a vision-based control scheme for an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) for tracking objects floating on the sea surface. The applied vision scheme is based on the generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) algorithm. Once the target is detected, its coordinates are computed and used by the UAV control to track the target. The quadrotor mathematical model is developed using the Newton-Euler approach and a PID controller is implemented to track the vector containing the coordinates obtained through the vision scheme. To verify the effectiveness of the proposal, simulation tests are developed in MATLAB/Simulink based on a real video of an objective floating in the sea surface. The obtained results show an appropriate detection and tracking of the objective.
提出了一种基于视觉的无人飞行器(UAV)海面目标跟踪控制方案。应用的视觉方案基于广义似然比检验(GLRT)算法。一旦目标被探测到,它的坐标被计算并被无人机控制用来跟踪目标。采用牛顿-欧拉方法建立了四旋翼飞行器的数学模型,并实现了PID控制器来跟踪包含通过视觉方案获得的坐标的矢量。为了验证该方案的有效性,在MATLAB/Simulink环境中,基于海面上一个漂浮物的真实视频进行了仿真测试。所得结果表明,该方法对目标进行了适当的检测和跟踪。
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引用次数: 0
Design and Construction of a rectangular section channel-prototype, to determine the specific energy in the three types of regimens: Critical, subcritical and supercritical 设计和建造了一个矩形截面通道原型,以确定三种类型的方案:临界,亚临界和超临界的比能
Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.35429/jid.2022.14.6.9.16
Juan Luis Caro-Becerra, Ramiro Luján-Godínez, Luz Adriana Vizcaíno-Rodríguez, José Luis Reyes-Barragán
The problem of water scarcity is not a transient issue, but to solve it has been a long lasting endeavor for humanity. Many human societies have tried diverse solutions to solve this problem and one of them was to efficiently move water for the subsistence of all people. For this purpose, civil and agricultural engineers seek to find novel ways to conduct water as close as possible to where it is needed, e.g., cultivated fields and water supply reservoirs, or to build up infrastructure to greatly reduce the immense problem of floods generated by high intensity rains. The main goal of this paper is to determine the water specific energies occurring in critical, subcritical and supercritical flow regimes, by means of a prototype rectangular section channel operation. Application of Bernoulli´s equation for uniform flow conditions is the adopted methodology. As final conclusions we can state that development of new channel prototypes facilitates the experimentation of fluids, allowing to a great extent the stabilization of flow, thus, optimizing the measurement of different types of key water variables.
水资源短缺问题不是一个暂时的问题,解决它是人类长期而持久的努力。许多人类社会尝试了各种各样的解决方案来解决这个问题,其中之一就是有效地为所有人的生存输送水。为此,土木和农业工程师寻求找到新的方法,将水输送到尽可能靠近需要水的地方,例如,农田和供水水库,或者建立基础设施,以大大减少由高强度降雨引起的巨大洪水问题。本文的主要目的是通过一个原型矩形截面通道操作来确定临界、亚临界和超临界流动状态下的水比能。采用伯努利方程求解均匀流动条件的方法。作为最后的结论,我们可以说,新通道原型的开发促进了流体实验,在很大程度上允许流动的稳定,从而优化了不同类型的关键水变量的测量。
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引用次数: 0
Design and characterization of a prototype anaerobic reactor for domestic wastewater treatment using fixed biomass 用固定生物质处理生活污水的厌氧反应器原型的设计与表征
Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.35429/jid.2022.14.6.1.8
Josefa Rodríguez-Morales, M. Ramos-López, J. Campos-Guillén, J. Ledesma-García
In developing countries, the RAFA (Anaerobic Upflow Reactor) reactor stands out as a viable alternative in wastewater treatment. In addition, biofilters are used in the biological reactors that have the objective of biofilm formation, by means of which effluents of better quality are obtained. An anaerobic reactor of 140 Liters was evaluated for the treatment of domestic wastewater. Granular activated carbon and cellulose fiber filters were placed outside. After the stabilization of the reactor (3-6 months), different volumes corresponding to 3, 5 and 7 liters / day of residual water were evaluated, with hydraulic retention times (HRT) of 47, 28 and 20 days, respectively. Percentages of reduction of BOD5, COD, SST and fecal coliforms were obtained for the 3 effluents. It was obtained for 3 liters / day: 90%, 66%, 90% and 99.9%. For 5 liters / day: 93%, 71%, 90% and 99.9%. For 7 liters / day: 80%, 65%, 91% and 99.9%. With these results and comparing them with the NOM-003-Ecol-1997. It is concluded that the treated wastewater can be reused to be reused in public services.
在发展中国家,RAFA(厌氧上流式反应器)反应器作为污水处理的可行替代方案脱颖而出。此外,生物过滤器还用于生物反应器,其目的是形成生物膜,从而获得质量较好的出水。对140 l厌氧反应器处理生活污水进行了评价。颗粒活性炭和纤维素纤维过滤器放置在外面。反应器稳定后(3 ~ 6个月),分别评价3、5、7升/天的剩余水对应的不同容积,水力滞留时间(HRT)分别为47、28、20天。测定了3种污水的BOD5、COD、SST和粪便大肠菌群的降低百分比。3升/天的回收率分别为90%、66%、90%和99.9%。5升/天:93%,71%,90%和99.9%。7升/天:80%,65%,91%和99.9%。并与NOM-003-Ecol-1997进行比较。结果表明,处理后的废水可回用于公共服务。
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引用次数: 0
Contingency Access Control COVID-19 应急访问控制COVID-19
Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.35429/jid.2022.14.6.17.24
Gregorio Rodríguez-Miranda, Alejandro Cesar Valencia-García, René Santos-Osorio, Brenda Juárez-Santiago
The main goal of this work is to show results obtained from a software called "Access Control by Contingency COVID-19" which allows the institution control the access to facilities after returning from COVID pandemic in order to avoid crowds of people, this software will help avoid COVID-19 infections .The methodology used for this project was Scrum ,since the development of the project required mainly a constant testing and delivery follow-up, prioritizing activities and adapting changes for greater flexibility to modifications to achieve the main objective in a established time. Currently web applications are being used as a resource in order to put together different projects, in this case health control and University access, applying a survey to generate a QR code with which people will be able to enter the university facilities, this code is read by a mobile application that sends data via wifi to a desktop application that is in charge for validating and recording student`s data, employees and external personnel accessing the institution facilities.
这项工作的主要目标是展示从一个名为“应急COVID-19访问控制”的软件中获得的结果,该软件允许机构在从COVID-19大流行返回后控制对设施的访问,以避免人群,该软件将有助于避免COVID-19感染。这个项目使用的方法是Scrum,因为项目的开发主要需要持续的测试和交付跟踪。确定活动的优先级并调整变化,以便更灵活地进行修改,以便在既定时间内实现主要目标。目前,网络应用程序被用作整合不同项目的资源,在这种情况下,健康控制和大学访问,应用调查生成QR码,人们可以进入大学设施,该代码由移动应用程序读取,通过wifi将数据发送到桌面应用程序,该应用程序负责验证和记录学生数据,员工和外部人员访问机构设施。
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引用次数: 0
Antibacterial gel dispenser with automated thermometer 带有自动温度计的抗菌凝胶分配器
Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.35429/10.35429/jid.2021.13.5.16.21
Ana Lilia González-Monzón, León Guillermo Torres-Arreola, Henry Christopher Piña-Alcántara, Roberto Carlos Godínez-Trejo
The SARS-CoV-2 virus. Declared a health emergency at the international level since its origin in Wuhan (China) in December 2019, the spread occurs by an infected person who exhales droplets of saliva and contagion occurs when we touch contaminated surfaces or people and touch our eyes, nostrils or mouth. Therefore, some prevention measures are used to avoid contagion, such as social distancing, the use of face masks or a mask and the use of antibacterial gel which is of great importance because it is used in all public places to prevent the risk. contagion. Therefore, the objective is to make an automatic antibacterial gel dispenser for the Tecnológico de Estudios Superiores de Jilotepec to minimize the risk of contagion. The device itself works by means of a sensor that when putting the hand detects and dispenses the gel, at the same time it takes the temperature that the reading shows on the screen, considering that it is one of the main symptoms of the disease, this contributes to have a preventive in the disinfection of the hands with gel and temperature measurement.
SARS-CoV-2病毒自2019年12月在中国武汉爆发以来,它被宣布为国际一级的突发卫生事件,通过感染者呼出唾液飞沫传播,当我们接触被污染的表面或人,触摸我们的眼睛、鼻孔或嘴巴时,就会发生传染。因此,采取一些预防措施来避免传染,例如保持社会距离,使用口罩或口罩以及使用抗菌凝胶,这一点非常重要,因为它在所有公共场所都使用,以防止风险。蔓延。因此,我们的目标是为Tecnológico de Estudios superires de Jilotepec制造一种自动抗菌凝胶分配器,以尽量减少感染的风险。该设备本身通过传感器工作,当将手放入检测和分配凝胶时,同时它会读取屏幕上显示的温度,考虑到这是疾病的主要症状之一,这有助于预防使用凝胶和温度测量对手进行消毒。
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引用次数: 0
Implementation of a computer system for life: "Manage your refrigerator Bth-GTR" 实现电脑生活系统:“管理你的冰箱Bth-GTR”
Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.35429/jid.2021.13.5.1.9
Luz María Hernández-Cruz, Dyan Itandehui Carrera-Lira, Nancy Georgina Ortiz-Cuevas, Daniel Alberto Pantí-González
This article carries out applied research for the use and integration of technology in everyday life. The main objective of the study is to apply Bluetooth technology in a project called "Manage your Bth-GTR refrigerator" with the use of a sensor, an Arduino card and the development of a mobile application that provides the user with the ability to handle information related to the temperature and humidity of the refrigerator, and at the same time, store and manage the supply of the products. The knowledge society faces the importance of information in any area of life, particularly its usefulness in devices for everyday use, which is critical and indispensable in our day to day. The assumed methodology is divided into two main phases: the analysis of the IT solution and the integration of the Technologies provided for this purpose. Finally, the functionalities of the implemented mobile application are specified. The proposal evidences the opportunity to carry out future studies on the use, application, integration and implementation of new technologies that provide the human being with efficient and useful tools for daily activities.
本文针对技术在日常生活中的运用与整合进行了应用研究。本研究的主要目的是将蓝牙技术应用于一个名为“管理您的Bth-GTR冰箱”的项目中,使用传感器,Arduino卡和开发一个移动应用程序,为用户提供处理与冰箱温度和湿度相关信息的能力,同时存储和管理产品的供应。知识社会面临着信息在生活的任何领域的重要性,特别是它在日常使用的设备中的有用性,这在我们的日常生活中是至关重要和不可或缺的。假定的方法分为两个主要阶段:IT解决方案的分析和为此目的提供的技术的集成。最后,对所实现的移动应用程序的功能进行了详细说明。该提案证明了开展新技术的使用、应用、集成和实施方面的未来研究的机会,这些新技术为人类的日常活动提供了高效和有用的工具。
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引用次数: 0
Automated Sanitizing Tunnel 自动消毒隧道
Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.35429/10.35429/jid.2021.13.5.22.26
Ana Lilia González-Monzón, Israel Rueda-Medina, Luis Kevin Pacheco-Alvarado, Alejandro Martínez-Santiago
Currently COVID 19 is a contagious virus that affects in different ways depending on each person, most of the people who are infected have symptoms of mild or moderate or very high intensity because in such a short time thousands of people are infected by contact being in a single area, the objective is to make an automated sanitizing tunnel in the Tecnológico de Estudios Superiores de Jilotepec so that students, teachers and staff entering the tunnel are sprayed with a disinfectant substance that will cover the entire body including hands as well as shoes and thus minimize the possibility of contagion; This is considered in the interest of the application of useful measures for the prevention of the contagion of the virus when entering the institution since this will avoid if bringing the virus in clothing, hair, face, hands, shoes. be neutralized by contact with the disinfecting substance.
目前,COVID - 19是一种传染性病毒,对每个人的影响方式不同,大多数被感染的人都有轻度、中度或非常严重的症状,因为在这么短的时间内,成千上万的人在一个区域接触而感染,目标是在Tecnológico de Estudios superires de Jilotepec建立一个自动消毒隧道,以便学生,在进入隧道的教师和职员身上喷洒消毒物质,使其覆盖双手和鞋子等全身,减少感染的可能性;考虑到这是为了在进入该机构时采取有效措施防止病毒传播,因为这将避免将病毒带入衣服、头发、面部、手和鞋子。通过接触消毒物质来中和。
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引用次数: 0
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Revista del Diseño Innovativo
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