Pub Date : 2022-06-07DOI: 10.1177/23977914221103345
S. Baag, Satyaranjan Mishra, P. Mathur
The present scenario intended for the flow phenomena of micropolar fluid past an expanding/contracting surface is carried out to reveal the impact of a drag coefficient. Free convection due to the inclusion of the buoyant forces along with the radiative heat energy and non-uniform heat source/sink encourages the flow properties. The novelty of the present investigation is the use of variable plate conditions that affect the flow properties greatly. The transformation of the governing flow phenomena is obtained with the use of suitable similarity transformation and numerical treatment based upon Runge-Kutta fourth-order followed by shooting is imposed to get the solution of this transformed nonlinear system. Further, the simulation of the characterizing parameters is obtained and presented via graphs and tables. The major findings are; the enhancement in the axial velocity is characterized by the non-Newtonian behavior of the fluid and both the space and temperature dependent heat source favors for the augmentation in the fluid temperature.
{"title":"Characteristics of variable plate conditions on the time-dependent flow of polar fluid over an expanding/contracting surface","authors":"S. Baag, Satyaranjan Mishra, P. Mathur","doi":"10.1177/23977914221103345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23977914221103345","url":null,"abstract":"The present scenario intended for the flow phenomena of micropolar fluid past an expanding/contracting surface is carried out to reveal the impact of a drag coefficient. Free convection due to the inclusion of the buoyant forces along with the radiative heat energy and non-uniform heat source/sink encourages the flow properties. The novelty of the present investigation is the use of variable plate conditions that affect the flow properties greatly. The transformation of the governing flow phenomena is obtained with the use of suitable similarity transformation and numerical treatment based upon Runge-Kutta fourth-order followed by shooting is imposed to get the solution of this transformed nonlinear system. Further, the simulation of the characterizing parameters is obtained and presented via graphs and tables. The major findings are; the enhancement in the axial velocity is characterized by the non-Newtonian behavior of the fluid and both the space and temperature dependent heat source favors for the augmentation in the fluid temperature.","PeriodicalId":44789,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part N-Journal of Nanomaterials Nanoengineering and Nanosystems","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85043104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.1177/23977914221100961
B. Shankar Goud, Y. Dharmendar Reddy, Satyaranjan Mishra
The current investigation leads to the characterisation of the flow phenomena of hydromagnetic nanofluid thermal stratified through permeable medium due to the influence of the radiative heat energy. Additionally, the behaviour of chemical reaction, viscous as well as Joule dissipations enriches the flow profiles. The embedded system for the governing equation comprised of partial differential equations is distorted to nonlinear ordinary with the help of the similarity transformations. MATLAB software is used to implement numerical schemes such as the Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg methodology in conjunction with the shooting method. The effects of several non-dimensional factors on flow phenomena are shown graphically, and the simulated results for the rate coefficients are presented in tabular form. The results established are extremely closed and excellent concurrence with published work. The thermal boundary surface thickness is enhanced due to frictional heating with rising values of Eckert number. A rise in Dufour number leads to a reduction in temperature profile. In contrast, a rise in concentration leads to higher values of the Soret number.
{"title":"Joule heating and thermal radiation impact on MHD boundary layer Nanofluid flow along an exponentially stretching surface with thermal stratified medium","authors":"B. Shankar Goud, Y. Dharmendar Reddy, Satyaranjan Mishra","doi":"10.1177/23977914221100961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23977914221100961","url":null,"abstract":"The current investigation leads to the characterisation of the flow phenomena of hydromagnetic nanofluid thermal stratified through permeable medium due to the influence of the radiative heat energy. Additionally, the behaviour of chemical reaction, viscous as well as Joule dissipations enriches the flow profiles. The embedded system for the governing equation comprised of partial differential equations is distorted to nonlinear ordinary with the help of the similarity transformations. MATLAB software is used to implement numerical schemes such as the Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg methodology in conjunction with the shooting method. The effects of several non-dimensional factors on flow phenomena are shown graphically, and the simulated results for the rate coefficients are presented in tabular form. The results established are extremely closed and excellent concurrence with published work. The thermal boundary surface thickness is enhanced due to frictional heating with rising values of Eckert number. A rise in Dufour number leads to a reduction in temperature profile. In contrast, a rise in concentration leads to higher values of the Soret number.","PeriodicalId":44789,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part N-Journal of Nanomaterials Nanoengineering and Nanosystems","volume":"110 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79555565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-28DOI: 10.1177/23977914221102291
Orode UV Aniejurengho, S. Meikle, M. Santin
Phage therapy has been advocated as an alternative to antibiotics in the treatment of bacterial infections. However, this approach can be affected by batch-to-batch variability in the harvesting, isolation and storage of specie-specific bacteriophages. The present paper presents the development of synthetic nanostructured carriers that can form complexes with isolated bacteriophage DNA, while ensuring the penetration of the carrier through bacterial wall and membrane. The complexation capability of these poly(epsilon-lysine) dendrons with bacteriophage DNA was tested by mixing the hyperbranched molecules at various charge ratios (132:1 to 0.06:1 of positively charged carriers to negatively charged DNA). These electrostatic complexes were assessed by gel retardation, ethidium bromide displacement assay and transmission electron microscopy. The self-assembly of poly(epsilon-lysine) dendrons with the nucleic acids led to charge ratio-dependent electrostatic complexes. Transfection of both complexed and naked DNA in Proteus mirabilis bacteria demonstrated that the viral DNA maintained its replicative ability with the formation of whole viral particles. Additionally, the dendron’s cytotoxicity was assayed by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) reduction assays. In both assays, 15% cytotoxicity and even lower (6%) necrotic effects were observed by MTT and LDH respectively. Overall, these findings demonstrate that it is possible to complex bacteriophage DNA with poly(epsilon-lysine) dendrons, of three branching generations (Gen3K), and suggests that Gen3K has the potential to be used as a reliable alternative to antibiotics.
{"title":"Poly(epsilon-lysine) dendrons and nucleic acids complexes for non-viral delivery of bacteriophage DNA into bacterial cells","authors":"Orode UV Aniejurengho, S. Meikle, M. Santin","doi":"10.1177/23977914221102291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23977914221102291","url":null,"abstract":"Phage therapy has been advocated as an alternative to antibiotics in the treatment of bacterial infections. However, this approach can be affected by batch-to-batch variability in the harvesting, isolation and storage of specie-specific bacteriophages. The present paper presents the development of synthetic nanostructured carriers that can form complexes with isolated bacteriophage DNA, while ensuring the penetration of the carrier through bacterial wall and membrane. The complexation capability of these poly(epsilon-lysine) dendrons with bacteriophage DNA was tested by mixing the hyperbranched molecules at various charge ratios (132:1 to 0.06:1 of positively charged carriers to negatively charged DNA). These electrostatic complexes were assessed by gel retardation, ethidium bromide displacement assay and transmission electron microscopy. The self-assembly of poly(epsilon-lysine) dendrons with the nucleic acids led to charge ratio-dependent electrostatic complexes. Transfection of both complexed and naked DNA in Proteus mirabilis bacteria demonstrated that the viral DNA maintained its replicative ability with the formation of whole viral particles. Additionally, the dendron’s cytotoxicity was assayed by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) reduction assays. In both assays, 15% cytotoxicity and even lower (6%) necrotic effects were observed by MTT and LDH respectively. Overall, these findings demonstrate that it is possible to complex bacteriophage DNA with poly(epsilon-lysine) dendrons, of three branching generations (Gen3K), and suggests that Gen3K has the potential to be used as a reliable alternative to antibiotics.","PeriodicalId":44789,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part N-Journal of Nanomaterials Nanoengineering and Nanosystems","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79235209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-17DOI: 10.1177/23977914221098614
Bibin Bs, Edison Gundabattini
Nano-enhanced refrigerant is one of the promising heat transfer fluids in refrigeration systems. It has the capability to boost the efficiency of vapour compression refrigeration and air conditioning systems. In heat transfer application, the density of the fluid plays a crucial role in identifying various heat transfer characteristics such as the Reynolds number, Nusselt number, the friction factor and the pressure loss. Compared to thermal conductivity and viscosity, determining the density of nanofluids has received very less attention in research. The liquid and vapour densities of alumina (Al2O3), titanium dioxide (TiO2) and cupric oxide (CuO) nanoparticles suspended in 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R1234yf) are investigated in this study. The Pak and Cho model was adopted to examine the densities of nano-refrigerants as the volume concentration of particles in the base refrigerant and temperature varies from 1% to 5% and 273 to 323 K respectively. The models are validated using the experimental studies conducted by various researchers on different nano-refrigerants. The analysis results indicated that the liquid and vapour densities of CuO/R1234yf nano-refrigerant are 10.3% and 62.93% greater than that of Al2O3/R1234yf at 5% particle concentration. From the liquid and vapour density point of view, the CuO/R1234yf nano-refrigerant is superior over Al2O3/R1234yf and TiO2/R1234yf. Results also indicated that at 308 K the liquid phase density of CuO added with R1234yf nano-refrigerant is higher by 12.99% and 8.65% than R134a and R141b respectively. Hence CuO/R1234yf significantly enhances the performance of refrigeration systems.
{"title":"Investigation on the density of Al2O3/R1234yf, TiO2/R1234yf and CuO/R1234yf nano-refrigerants","authors":"Bibin Bs, Edison Gundabattini","doi":"10.1177/23977914221098614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23977914221098614","url":null,"abstract":"Nano-enhanced refrigerant is one of the promising heat transfer fluids in refrigeration systems. It has the capability to boost the efficiency of vapour compression refrigeration and air conditioning systems. In heat transfer application, the density of the fluid plays a crucial role in identifying various heat transfer characteristics such as the Reynolds number, Nusselt number, the friction factor and the pressure loss. Compared to thermal conductivity and viscosity, determining the density of nanofluids has received very less attention in research. The liquid and vapour densities of alumina (Al2O3), titanium dioxide (TiO2) and cupric oxide (CuO) nanoparticles suspended in 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R1234yf) are investigated in this study. The Pak and Cho model was adopted to examine the densities of nano-refrigerants as the volume concentration of particles in the base refrigerant and temperature varies from 1% to 5% and 273 to 323 K respectively. The models are validated using the experimental studies conducted by various researchers on different nano-refrigerants. The analysis results indicated that the liquid and vapour densities of CuO/R1234yf nano-refrigerant are 10.3% and 62.93% greater than that of Al2O3/R1234yf at 5% particle concentration. From the liquid and vapour density point of view, the CuO/R1234yf nano-refrigerant is superior over Al2O3/R1234yf and TiO2/R1234yf. Results also indicated that at 308 K the liquid phase density of CuO added with R1234yf nano-refrigerant is higher by 12.99% and 8.65% than R134a and R141b respectively. Hence CuO/R1234yf significantly enhances the performance of refrigeration systems.","PeriodicalId":44789,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part N-Journal of Nanomaterials Nanoengineering and Nanosystems","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87101190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-21DOI: 10.1177/23977914221093834
Yenni Appa Rao, K. Ramji, P. Rao
The objective of this research is to develop a hybrid composite with a unique combination of features such as tensile, flexural and Interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) properties. It is a present need for components used in underwater, aerospace, defence and automotive applications, as parts are subjected to a variety of loading conditions, including tensile, bending and shearing. Carbon fibre reinforced epoxy (C-epoxy) composite is modified by adding epoxy terminated butadiene acrylonitrile (ETBN) liquid rubber and amino-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (Af-MWCNTs). With the addition of ETBN, the tensile, flexural and ILSS properties were improved by 38%, 46% and 80%, respectively. The addition of 0.5wt% of Af-MWCNTs improved the tensile and flexural strengths by a maximum of 59% and 61%, respectively. In contrast, the maximum improvement in ILSS of 120% was obtained at 1.0 wt.% of Af-MWCNTs. The unique combination of C-epoxy-ETBN-Af-MWCNTs led to the formation of the serrated surface at the fibre matrix interface, which caused improved energy absorption. The toughening mechanisms which are responsible for the improvement in properties are discussed and the results are validated through finite element analysis (FEA).
本研究的目的是开发一种具有拉伸、弯曲和层间剪切强度(ILSS)等独特特性组合的混合复合材料。对于水下、航空航天、国防和汽车应用中使用的部件来说，这是目前的需求，因为部件要承受各种加载条件，包括拉伸、弯曲和剪切。采用环氧端丁二烯丙烯腈(ETBN)液体橡胶和氨基功能化多壁碳纳米管(Af-MWCNTs)改性碳纤维增强环氧(c -环氧)复合材料。加入ETBN后，材料的拉伸性能、弯曲性能和ILSS性能分别提高38%、46%和80%。添加0.5wt%的Af-MWCNTs可使材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度分别提高59%和61%。相比之下，在1.0 wt时，ILSS的最大改善为120%。%的Af-MWCNTs。c -环氧- etbn - af - mwcnts的独特组合导致纤维基体界面形成锯齿状表面，从而提高了能量吸收。讨论了性能改善的增韧机理，并通过有限元分析对结果进行了验证。
{"title":"Enhancement of tensile, flexural and ILSS properties of C-epoxy composites with the addition of ETBN toughener and Af-MWCNTs","authors":"Yenni Appa Rao, K. Ramji, P. Rao","doi":"10.1177/23977914221093834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23977914221093834","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this research is to develop a hybrid composite with a unique combination of features such as tensile, flexural and Interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) properties. It is a present need for components used in underwater, aerospace, defence and automotive applications, as parts are subjected to a variety of loading conditions, including tensile, bending and shearing. Carbon fibre reinforced epoxy (C-epoxy) composite is modified by adding epoxy terminated butadiene acrylonitrile (ETBN) liquid rubber and amino-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (Af-MWCNTs). With the addition of ETBN, the tensile, flexural and ILSS properties were improved by 38%, 46% and 80%, respectively. The addition of 0.5wt% of Af-MWCNTs improved the tensile and flexural strengths by a maximum of 59% and 61%, respectively. In contrast, the maximum improvement in ILSS of 120% was obtained at 1.0 wt.% of Af-MWCNTs. The unique combination of C-epoxy-ETBN-Af-MWCNTs led to the formation of the serrated surface at the fibre matrix interface, which caused improved energy absorption. The toughening mechanisms which are responsible for the improvement in properties are discussed and the results are validated through finite element analysis (FEA).","PeriodicalId":44789,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part N-Journal of Nanomaterials Nanoengineering and Nanosystems","volume":"30 1","pages":"19 - 30"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83093155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-20DOI: 10.1177/23977914221093839
P. Mathur, Satyaranjan Mishra, P. K. Pattnaik
The current study used convective heat transfer properties to investigate the Marangoni convection flow of oxide particles within water and ethylene glycol past a linearly expanding sheet. The flow characteristic is enhanced by the inclusion of nonlinear thermal radiation in the heat transfer phenomenon. The model is properly designed in conjunction with the appropriate assumption of the effective properties of the nanofluid, such as viscosity, conductivity, and the Prandtl number, among others. However, the flow analysis of γ− Al2 O3 nanofluid embedding with the permeable medium affects the behavior of the contributing parameters. The non-dimensional forms of the governing equations designed with the above-mentioned properties are obtained by selecting the appropriate similarity transformation. Furthermore, the Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg numerical method is used to solve these sets of formulated problems from case studies. The flow domain’s behavior when several relevant parameters are varied is depicted graphically and briefly described. However, the major contributions are; inclusion of particle concentration accelerates the nanofluid temperature whereas the fluid velocity decelerates near the sheet region, and further it shows its opposite impact. The resistance offered by the permeability of the porous medium attenuates the fluid velocity significantly.
{"title":"Marangoni convection of γ-Al2O3-water/ethylene glycol nanofluids with the inclusion of nonlinear thermal radiation","authors":"P. Mathur, Satyaranjan Mishra, P. K. Pattnaik","doi":"10.1177/23977914221093839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23977914221093839","url":null,"abstract":"The current study used convective heat transfer properties to investigate the Marangoni convection flow of oxide particles within water and ethylene glycol past a linearly expanding sheet. The flow characteristic is enhanced by the inclusion of nonlinear thermal radiation in the heat transfer phenomenon. The model is properly designed in conjunction with the appropriate assumption of the effective properties of the nanofluid, such as viscosity, conductivity, and the Prandtl number, among others. However, the flow analysis of γ− Al2 O3 nanofluid embedding with the permeable medium affects the behavior of the contributing parameters. The non-dimensional forms of the governing equations designed with the above-mentioned properties are obtained by selecting the appropriate similarity transformation. Furthermore, the Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg numerical method is used to solve these sets of formulated problems from case studies. The flow domain’s behavior when several relevant parameters are varied is depicted graphically and briefly described. However, the major contributions are; inclusion of particle concentration accelerates the nanofluid temperature whereas the fluid velocity decelerates near the sheet region, and further it shows its opposite impact. The resistance offered by the permeability of the porous medium attenuates the fluid velocity significantly.","PeriodicalId":44789,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part N-Journal of Nanomaterials Nanoengineering and Nanosystems","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91073144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-15DOI: 10.1177/23977914221085782
S. Behera, Akash Dash, S. Mishra
Based on the recent industrial need for the production processes the use of nanofluid is important because of its higher conductivity properties that enhance the heat transport phenomenon. Therefore, present investigation deals with the characteristics of partial-slip for the Buongirnio model nanofluid flow via a non-permeable expanding sheet. An electrically conducting fluid for the interaction of thermal radiation at prescribed surface temperature along with the Brownian and thermophoresis affecting the flow properties significantly. However, the governing PDEs (“partial differential equations”) are get rid into their corresponding ODEs (“ordinary differential equations”) in the nonlinear for with the suitable choice of similarity transformation. “Adomian Decomposition Method” (ADM), an approximate analytical approach is imposed to find the solution of the distorted equations and further, parametric behavior for the contributing parameters is exhibited graphically. The conformity of the present solution with previously established result is deliberated. However, the main findings are; the slip velocity favors for the significant deceleration in the fluid momentum along with the enhanced suction parameter further, remarkable growth in t fluid temperature is rendered with the augmentation in the thermal radiation and the cross diffusion parameters such as Brownian and thermophoresis.
{"title":"Impact of partial slip on the radiative conducting nanofluid flow through an expanding sheet for the interaction of heat source/sink","authors":"S. Behera, Akash Dash, S. Mishra","doi":"10.1177/23977914221085782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23977914221085782","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the recent industrial need for the production processes the use of nanofluid is important because of its higher conductivity properties that enhance the heat transport phenomenon. Therefore, present investigation deals with the characteristics of partial-slip for the Buongirnio model nanofluid flow via a non-permeable expanding sheet. An electrically conducting fluid for the interaction of thermal radiation at prescribed surface temperature along with the Brownian and thermophoresis affecting the flow properties significantly. However, the governing PDEs (“partial differential equations”) are get rid into their corresponding ODEs (“ordinary differential equations”) in the nonlinear for with the suitable choice of similarity transformation. “Adomian Decomposition Method” (ADM), an approximate analytical approach is imposed to find the solution of the distorted equations and further, parametric behavior for the contributing parameters is exhibited graphically. The conformity of the present solution with previously established result is deliberated. However, the main findings are; the slip velocity favors for the significant deceleration in the fluid momentum along with the enhanced suction parameter further, remarkable growth in t fluid temperature is rendered with the augmentation in the thermal radiation and the cross diffusion parameters such as Brownian and thermophoresis.","PeriodicalId":44789,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part N-Journal of Nanomaterials Nanoengineering and Nanosystems","volume":"116 1","pages":"31 - 43"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79223185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-03DOI: 10.1177/23977914221082900
A. Khalvandi, Mohammad Mohammadi Aghdam, S. Saber-Samandari
In this research, a novel nanocomposite bone scaffold made up of Gelatin and Polypyrrole biopolymers and Akermanite and Magnetite bioceramics was fabricated utilizing the freeze-drying method. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis were employed. The existing functional groups and crystalline phases were identified. Microscopic images were taken, and the mean pore cell size was 165.62 µm. According to the results of the liquid displacement method, the porosity was 68% ± 3%. The fabricated scaffolds showed maximum swelling of 1012% during 140 h. The bioactivity was monitored, and the formed Apatite layers were seen in microscopic images. The MTT assay was conducted by Osteoblast cells culture, and after 3 days, 100% cell viability was recorded. 2-D porous multiphase Representative Volume Elements (RVEs) were generated employing the modified Random Sequential Adsorption (mRSA) algorithm. Afterward, we imposed periodic boundary conditions on the boundaries of the RVEs. The homogenized elastic modulus along the X-axis was 14.81 kPa in biaxial compression. In this loading state, homogenized Young’s modulus along the Y-axis was 13.7 kPa. Homogenized Young’s modulus along Y-axis direction under uniaxial loading was 12.54 kPa. According to the micromechanical modeling results, non-isotropic behavior from such scaffolds was seen.
{"title":"Fabrication, experimental study, and 2-D finite element computational homogenization of bone scaffolds under uniaxial and biaxial compressive loadings","authors":"A. Khalvandi, Mohammad Mohammadi Aghdam, S. Saber-Samandari","doi":"10.1177/23977914221082900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23977914221082900","url":null,"abstract":"In this research, a novel nanocomposite bone scaffold made up of Gelatin and Polypyrrole biopolymers and Akermanite and Magnetite bioceramics was fabricated utilizing the freeze-drying method. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis were employed. The existing functional groups and crystalline phases were identified. Microscopic images were taken, and the mean pore cell size was 165.62 µm. According to the results of the liquid displacement method, the porosity was 68% ± 3%. The fabricated scaffolds showed maximum swelling of 1012% during 140 h. The bioactivity was monitored, and the formed Apatite layers were seen in microscopic images. The MTT assay was conducted by Osteoblast cells culture, and after 3 days, 100% cell viability was recorded. 2-D porous multiphase Representative Volume Elements (RVEs) were generated employing the modified Random Sequential Adsorption (mRSA) algorithm. Afterward, we imposed periodic boundary conditions on the boundaries of the RVEs. The homogenized elastic modulus along the X-axis was 14.81 kPa in biaxial compression. In this loading state, homogenized Young’s modulus along the Y-axis was 13.7 kPa. Homogenized Young’s modulus along Y-axis direction under uniaxial loading was 12.54 kPa. According to the micromechanical modeling results, non-isotropic behavior from such scaffolds was seen.","PeriodicalId":44789,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part N-Journal of Nanomaterials Nanoengineering and Nanosystems","volume":"19 1","pages":"117 - 128"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91380752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-02DOI: 10.1177/23977914221082888
DP Bhatta, S. Mishra, JK Dash, M. G. Reddy
Present investigation based on the axisymmetric squeezing flow of various alloy nanofluids between parallel disks embedding with porous medium. To enhance the heat transfer properties we have considered two special type of alloy nanoparticles such as AA7072 which contains 98% of Aluminum (Al), 1% of Zink (Zn), rest Silica (Si), Iron (Fe), Copper (Cu), and AA7075 contains 90% of Al, 5%–6% of Zn, 3% of manganese (Mg), 1%–2% of Cu with additive Si, Fe, and Mn. The effects of velocity slip and temperature jump boundary conditions are also considered. Suitable similarity transformation along with Maxwell model physical properties for nanofluid are use to formulate the dimensionless governing ordinary differential equations. Physical significance of characterizing parameters are presented graphically and discussed. The numerical computations for engineering coefficients are shown in tabular form. In a comparative study, the current result shows a good correlation with the earlier established result that confirms the convergence of the solution methodology. Further, the major outcomes are laid down as: The velocity is more prominent for AA7075-water nanofluid in the first region for applied magnetic field whereas reverse impact is observed in the second region. The fluid temperature retards when there is a rise in thermal slip parameter. The shear rate of AA7072-water based nanofluid is higher than other nanofluid AA7075.
{"title":"Squeezing flow analysis of time dependent AA7072 and AA7075 water-based nanofluids through parallel disks with velocity and thermal slip conditions","authors":"DP Bhatta, S. Mishra, JK Dash, M. G. Reddy","doi":"10.1177/23977914221082888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23977914221082888","url":null,"abstract":"Present investigation based on the axisymmetric squeezing flow of various alloy nanofluids between parallel disks embedding with porous medium. To enhance the heat transfer properties we have considered two special type of alloy nanoparticles such as AA7072 which contains 98% of Aluminum (Al), 1% of Zink (Zn), rest Silica (Si), Iron (Fe), Copper (Cu), and AA7075 contains 90% of Al, 5%–6% of Zn, 3% of manganese (Mg), 1%–2% of Cu with additive Si, Fe, and Mn. The effects of velocity slip and temperature jump boundary conditions are also considered. Suitable similarity transformation along with Maxwell model physical properties for nanofluid are use to formulate the dimensionless governing ordinary differential equations. Physical significance of characterizing parameters are presented graphically and discussed. The numerical computations for engineering coefficients are shown in tabular form. In a comparative study, the current result shows a good correlation with the earlier established result that confirms the convergence of the solution methodology. Further, the major outcomes are laid down as: The velocity is more prominent for AA7075-water nanofluid in the first region for applied magnetic field whereas reverse impact is observed in the second region. The fluid temperature retards when there is a rise in thermal slip parameter. The shear rate of AA7072-water based nanofluid is higher than other nanofluid AA7075.","PeriodicalId":44789,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part N-Journal of Nanomaterials Nanoengineering and Nanosystems","volume":"8 1","pages":"45 - 58"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74299102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-16DOI: 10.1177/23977914221080046
P. C. Pattanaik, S. Mishra, S. Jena, P. Pattnaik
The present investigation reveals the non-Newtonian flow characteristics for the Williamson nanofluid through a parallel channel due to the conjunction of thermal buoyancy. As a good conductor of heat, the metal like Copper is treated as the nanoparticles submerged into the base fluids water and kerosene to perform the flow phenomena within the channel embedding with the porous medium. For the involvement of the applied magnetic field and permeability it is not wise to neglect the impact of dissipative heat energy. Therefore, both the Joule and the Darcy dissipations are also considered those are affecting the thermal properties. The model is developed considering the Mintsa model thermophysical properties of conductivity and the Gharesim model viscosity for the enhancement of heat transport properties. In various industrial as well as engineering applications nanofluids are used as a best coolant. The use of suitable similarity variables and stream function helps to transform the governing nonlinear differential equations into nonlinear ordinary. Further, an approximate analytical approach such as Adomian Decomposition Method is used to handle those transformed equations. The current outcomes obtained from the behavior of various flow characteristics are presented via graphs and table to validate the results. The observation shows that with an augmentation in the particle concentration, fluid velocity retards however the retardation in case of water-based nanofluid overrides the case of kerosene-based nanofluid. Further, particle concentration enriches the nanofluid temperature greatly in comparison to pure fluid.
{"title":"Impact of radiative and dissipative heat on the Williamson nanofluid flow within a parallel channel due to thermal buoyancy","authors":"P. C. Pattanaik, S. Mishra, S. Jena, P. Pattnaik","doi":"10.1177/23977914221080046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23977914221080046","url":null,"abstract":"The present investigation reveals the non-Newtonian flow characteristics for the Williamson nanofluid through a parallel channel due to the conjunction of thermal buoyancy. As a good conductor of heat, the metal like Copper is treated as the nanoparticles submerged into the base fluids water and kerosene to perform the flow phenomena within the channel embedding with the porous medium. For the involvement of the applied magnetic field and permeability it is not wise to neglect the impact of dissipative heat energy. Therefore, both the Joule and the Darcy dissipations are also considered those are affecting the thermal properties. The model is developed considering the Mintsa model thermophysical properties of conductivity and the Gharesim model viscosity for the enhancement of heat transport properties. In various industrial as well as engineering applications nanofluids are used as a best coolant. The use of suitable similarity variables and stream function helps to transform the governing nonlinear differential equations into nonlinear ordinary. Further, an approximate analytical approach such as Adomian Decomposition Method is used to handle those transformed equations. The current outcomes obtained from the behavior of various flow characteristics are presented via graphs and table to validate the results. The observation shows that with an augmentation in the particle concentration, fluid velocity retards however the retardation in case of water-based nanofluid overrides the case of kerosene-based nanofluid. Further, particle concentration enriches the nanofluid temperature greatly in comparison to pure fluid.","PeriodicalId":44789,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part N-Journal of Nanomaterials Nanoengineering and Nanosystems","volume":"11 1","pages":"3 - 18"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78787249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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