Abstract Earth-based mortars are again taking their place as building materials for plastering, rendering and repairing earth walls, not only in a sustainable context but also in terms of efficiency. Nevertheless, scientific understanding of these mortars is still scarce. This present paper reports on an experimental study, conducted at the laboratory of the university center of El-Bayadh, concerning the study of the hydro-mechanical characteristics of mortars based raw and stabilized earth. In doing so, mortars prepared with clay-sand soil, treated with cement (C) (6%, 8% and 10%), lime (L) (4%, 6% and 8%) and mortars treated with both binders (4% C+2% L, 5% C +4% L, 8% C+6% L) taking into account control mortars of raw earth, are investigated. Compressive and tensile percentage strengths, total absorption, and swelling are determined. Therefore, the obtained results in the case of total absorption test, showed significant erosion in the mortars specimens weakly stabilized with cement and those without added stabilizer. Indeed, it was observed during the swelling test that the mortars specimens weakly stabilized with cement were fragile to the erosive water and showed deterioration, especially at the edges. Furthermore, increasing the cement content from 6% to 10%, the water absorption percentage was reduced by 30%. It appears that the composition that led to a better behavior towards water is the mixed combination (8% cement + 6% lime). However, stabilization with cement confers a higher strength compared to lime powder. In fact, the maximum resistances were obtained for high cement dosages (8 and 10% respectively) and the 4% lime dosage.
{"title":"Hydromechanical Characterization of Raw Earth Mortar – Stabilizing Cement and Lime","authors":"M. Messis, A. Benaissa, N. Bouhamou","doi":"10.2478/jaes-2022-0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jaes-2022-0027","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Earth-based mortars are again taking their place as building materials for plastering, rendering and repairing earth walls, not only in a sustainable context but also in terms of efficiency. Nevertheless, scientific understanding of these mortars is still scarce. This present paper reports on an experimental study, conducted at the laboratory of the university center of El-Bayadh, concerning the study of the hydro-mechanical characteristics of mortars based raw and stabilized earth. In doing so, mortars prepared with clay-sand soil, treated with cement (C) (6%, 8% and 10%), lime (L) (4%, 6% and 8%) and mortars treated with both binders (4% C+2% L, 5% C +4% L, 8% C+6% L) taking into account control mortars of raw earth, are investigated. Compressive and tensile percentage strengths, total absorption, and swelling are determined. Therefore, the obtained results in the case of total absorption test, showed significant erosion in the mortars specimens weakly stabilized with cement and those without added stabilizer. Indeed, it was observed during the swelling test that the mortars specimens weakly stabilized with cement were fragile to the erosive water and showed deterioration, especially at the edges. Furthermore, increasing the cement content from 6% to 10%, the water absorption percentage was reduced by 30%. It appears that the composition that led to a better behavior towards water is the mixed combination (8% cement + 6% lime). However, stabilization with cement confers a higher strength compared to lime powder. In fact, the maximum resistances were obtained for high cement dosages (8 and 10% respectively) and the 4% lime dosage.","PeriodicalId":44808,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Engineering Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42026570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract In the present paper, the main concerns regarding the purification processes of wastewater from the textile industry containing nitrogen-type dyes are reviewed, and a method for the biological purification of these waters is developed. After consulting the results of the research in this field of wastewater treatment worldwide, a series of effective methods, described in the first chapter of this paper can be taken as positive examples. Following that, some methods of biological treatment of textile and leather industry wastewater are proposed, such as the inclusion of a biological treatment step using a fixed bed reactor. At the conclusion of this paper, recommendations are made for textile fabric operative industry, which are useful in biological contact processes. Biomass support panels, with limited flexibility and substantial surface expansion, with or without frames, form a variety of biomass support elements (textile fabric or otherwise), which can contain biological purification processes through the biomass panels.
{"title":"Solutions for Optimizing Processes of Biological Treatment of Wastewater from the Textile Industry","authors":"Gabriella Böhm, D. Ionescu, G. Ionescu","doi":"10.2478/jaes-2022-0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jaes-2022-0022","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In the present paper, the main concerns regarding the purification processes of wastewater from the textile industry containing nitrogen-type dyes are reviewed, and a method for the biological purification of these waters is developed. After consulting the results of the research in this field of wastewater treatment worldwide, a series of effective methods, described in the first chapter of this paper can be taken as positive examples. Following that, some methods of biological treatment of textile and leather industry wastewater are proposed, such as the inclusion of a biological treatment step using a fixed bed reactor. At the conclusion of this paper, recommendations are made for textile fabric operative industry, which are useful in biological contact processes. Biomass support panels, with limited flexibility and substantial surface expansion, with or without frames, form a variety of biomass support elements (textile fabric or otherwise), which can contain biological purification processes through the biomass panels.","PeriodicalId":44808,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Engineering Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45075775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. B. Aissa, A. Semcha, H. Kemer, A. Ali, M. Taibi
Abstract In the construction sector, the non-renewable world resource of sand is largely used to produce mortar and concrete. It has been estimated that over 10 billion tons of sand have been produced, with 1.2 billion tons used in concrete over the last decade, which leads to a progressive reduction of available construction materials and environmental impacts. Since desert sand resources are abundant in arid region of Adrar (Southern Algeria), it would be viable to use desert-sand as an alternative material for the production of self-compacting concrete. Therefore, self-compacting concrete is experiencing significant demand in that arid region since it offers socio-technical and economic solutions to stakeholders in the construction and public works industry. Furthermore, the present study aims to address the concerns of these stakeholders. The results obtained showed that the self-compacting concrete that was made with local materials, behave correctly, both in the fresh and hardened states. This concrete included a 1% super plasticizer dosage, a gravel-to-sand (G/S) ratio varying between 0.8 and 1.1, and additions of limestone fillers up to 50% relative to the mass of cement for self-compacting concrete made with dune sand, while this percentage could go up to 38% for self-compacting concrete made with corrected sand (63% crushed sand with 37% dune sand).
{"title":"Designing Self-Compacting Concrete Using Local Materials from the Arid Region of Adrar, Algeria","authors":"D. B. Aissa, A. Semcha, H. Kemer, A. Ali, M. Taibi","doi":"10.2478/jaes-2022-0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jaes-2022-0020","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In the construction sector, the non-renewable world resource of sand is largely used to produce mortar and concrete. It has been estimated that over 10 billion tons of sand have been produced, with 1.2 billion tons used in concrete over the last decade, which leads to a progressive reduction of available construction materials and environmental impacts. Since desert sand resources are abundant in arid region of Adrar (Southern Algeria), it would be viable to use desert-sand as an alternative material for the production of self-compacting concrete. Therefore, self-compacting concrete is experiencing significant demand in that arid region since it offers socio-technical and economic solutions to stakeholders in the construction and public works industry. Furthermore, the present study aims to address the concerns of these stakeholders. The results obtained showed that the self-compacting concrete that was made with local materials, behave correctly, both in the fresh and hardened states. This concrete included a 1% super plasticizer dosage, a gravel-to-sand (G/S) ratio varying between 0.8 and 1.1, and additions of limestone fillers up to 50% relative to the mass of cement for self-compacting concrete made with dune sand, while this percentage could go up to 38% for self-compacting concrete made with corrected sand (63% crushed sand with 37% dune sand).","PeriodicalId":44808,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Engineering Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43732887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Bridges are important structures for urban civilization. The catastrophic damage to bridges during an earthquakes cause sudden disruption to human livelihood. For making bridges resilient to earthquakes proper damage assessment technique is inevitable. The present study has been carried out to evaluate damage of reinforced concrete bridge under the seismic loadings using a probabilistic approach. Nine earthquakes were considered for seismic vulnerability assessment. From the obtained results, different damage states were discussed based on intensity measures using Incremental Dynamic Analysis (IDA) and Fragility Analysis. This study may be used as a viable tool for health monitoring, vulnerability assessment and formulating retrofit strategies of the reinforced concrete bridges under the seismic loadings.
{"title":"Damage Assessment of Reinforced Concrete Bridges Under the Ground Motions - a Probabilistic Approach","authors":"M. Izhar, M. Umair, M. Ansari","doi":"10.2478/jaes-2022-0024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jaes-2022-0024","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Bridges are important structures for urban civilization. The catastrophic damage to bridges during an earthquakes cause sudden disruption to human livelihood. For making bridges resilient to earthquakes proper damage assessment technique is inevitable. The present study has been carried out to evaluate damage of reinforced concrete bridge under the seismic loadings using a probabilistic approach. Nine earthquakes were considered for seismic vulnerability assessment. From the obtained results, different damage states were discussed based on intensity measures using Incremental Dynamic Analysis (IDA) and Fragility Analysis. This study may be used as a viable tool for health monitoring, vulnerability assessment and formulating retrofit strategies of the reinforced concrete bridges under the seismic loadings.","PeriodicalId":44808,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Engineering Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47441600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Ben, S. Ryzhkov, A. Topalov, O. Gerasin, G. Yan, Xi Yan, A. Aleksieieva
Abstract This work relates to the energy industry, in particular, complements the existing knowledge about a problem of increasing the overall efficiency of a centrifugal compressor stage by improving the geometric parameters of an impeller. The design features of the centrifugal compressors are analysed and the issues of their general modelling are considered in the article. The aim of the work is to increase the efficiency of the centrifugal compressor stage by improving the method of thermogasdynamic calculation with an extended determination of the number of its thermogasdynamic gas parameters and subsequent optimization of the design parameters of the impeller blades. This goal is achieved by solving the following problems: a) development of a model of the centrifugal compressor stage based on a method of thermogasdynamic calculation; b) study of the influence of the geometric parameters of the impeller and a diffuser on the components of gas velocities; c) improvement of the design methodology by optimizing the number of impeller blades, their thickness and angle of inclination to increase the efficiency of the stage. The most significant scientific results of the work are the construction method and the model of the centrifugal compressor stage, which allow taking into account real thermogasdynamic gas processes and calculating the geometric parameters of the impeller blades that are optimal in terms of efficiency.
{"title":"Efficiency Improvement of a Centrifugal Compressor Stage with the Parametric Optimization of the Impeller Blades","authors":"N. Ben, S. Ryzhkov, A. Topalov, O. Gerasin, G. Yan, Xi Yan, A. Aleksieieva","doi":"10.2478/jaes-2022-0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jaes-2022-0021","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This work relates to the energy industry, in particular, complements the existing knowledge about a problem of increasing the overall efficiency of a centrifugal compressor stage by improving the geometric parameters of an impeller. The design features of the centrifugal compressors are analysed and the issues of their general modelling are considered in the article. The aim of the work is to increase the efficiency of the centrifugal compressor stage by improving the method of thermogasdynamic calculation with an extended determination of the number of its thermogasdynamic gas parameters and subsequent optimization of the design parameters of the impeller blades. This goal is achieved by solving the following problems: a) development of a model of the centrifugal compressor stage based on a method of thermogasdynamic calculation; b) study of the influence of the geometric parameters of the impeller and a diffuser on the components of gas velocities; c) improvement of the design methodology by optimizing the number of impeller blades, their thickness and angle of inclination to increase the efficiency of the stage. The most significant scientific results of the work are the construction method and the model of the centrifugal compressor stage, which allow taking into account real thermogasdynamic gas processes and calculating the geometric parameters of the impeller blades that are optimal in terms of efficiency.","PeriodicalId":44808,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Engineering Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45869628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Evaluation of the representative cartographic techniques demonstrated that there are still considerable challenges facing the methods of marine geodetic, geophysical and bathymetric data visualisation. In an oceanic seafloor formation, the interaction between the geological structural elements and topographical relief can be analysed by advanced mapping. In present study, a correlation between geodesy, geophysics and topography has been examined including the following variables: geological structure, coastal topography and bathymetry, geophysical fields, free-air gravity anomalies and geoid undulation, sediment thickness, bathymetric patterns, and extension of the transform faults. The variables were visualised on the high-resolution raster grids using Generic Mapping Tools (GMT) scripting toolset. The study area is located in the Seychelles and the Somali Sea segment of the Indian Ocean. The data incorporates satellite-derived gravity grid, EGM-2008, geological structures, topography from GEBCO grid and GlobSed sediment thickness, processed by GMT scripts. The results demonstrated that western continental slope of Somalia is wide, gently declining to the seafloor at depths exceeding -5000 m. Kenya and Tanzania present a wide continental foot with depths ranging from -3500 to -5000 m. The Somali Sea basin shows low sedimentation lower than 500 m, while ridges and island chains have higher sediment influx (1,000-2,000 m). The Mozambique Channel has dominating values at 2,500-3,500 m. Higher values are noted near the Reunion and Mauritius islands until the Seychelles via the Mascarene Plateau (500-1,000 m) against the <500 m in the areas of the Mid-Indian Ridge, Carlsberg Ridge and open water.
{"title":"Satellite Altimetry and Gravimetry Data for Mapping Marine Geodetic and Geophysical Setting of the Seychelles and the Somali Sea, Indian Ocean","authors":"Polina Lemenkova, O. Debeir","doi":"10.2478/jaes-2022-0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jaes-2022-0026","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Evaluation of the representative cartographic techniques demonstrated that there are still considerable challenges facing the methods of marine geodetic, geophysical and bathymetric data visualisation. In an oceanic seafloor formation, the interaction between the geological structural elements and topographical relief can be analysed by advanced mapping. In present study, a correlation between geodesy, geophysics and topography has been examined including the following variables: geological structure, coastal topography and bathymetry, geophysical fields, free-air gravity anomalies and geoid undulation, sediment thickness, bathymetric patterns, and extension of the transform faults. The variables were visualised on the high-resolution raster grids using Generic Mapping Tools (GMT) scripting toolset. The study area is located in the Seychelles and the Somali Sea segment of the Indian Ocean. The data incorporates satellite-derived gravity grid, EGM-2008, geological structures, topography from GEBCO grid and GlobSed sediment thickness, processed by GMT scripts. The results demonstrated that western continental slope of Somalia is wide, gently declining to the seafloor at depths exceeding -5000 m. Kenya and Tanzania present a wide continental foot with depths ranging from -3500 to -5000 m. The Somali Sea basin shows low sedimentation lower than 500 m, while ridges and island chains have higher sediment influx (1,000-2,000 m). The Mozambique Channel has dominating values at 2,500-3,500 m. Higher values are noted near the Reunion and Mauritius islands until the Seychelles via the Mascarene Plateau (500-1,000 m) against the <500 m in the areas of the Mid-Indian Ridge, Carlsberg Ridge and open water.","PeriodicalId":44808,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Engineering Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41376601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Self -compacting concrete composition results from several approaches to satisfy specific criteria. SCCs must be able to fill small, confined formwork without the need for vibration. To ensure the homogeneity and mechanical characteristics of the concrete, they must have good resistance to segregation throughout the setting time. The self-compacting aspect is controlled by a high volume of paste and an important fines content ensured by incorporating mineral additions that are expensive and not always available. The main objective of this paper is to utilize a new type of micronized limestone filler that may be characterized and incorporated into concrete to guarantee self-compacting quality. In the first part, a detailed characterization of the limestone filler was carried out to investigate its effects on the concrete properties. The identification has been physical, chemical, and specific to the concrete’s formulation. The second part is devoted to the experimental tests on different SCCs mixed with various amounts of filler to determine the optimal incorporation percentage. Moreover, a parametric study, involving the content of filler, the granular structure, and the quantity of superplasticizer, allowed an evaluation of the effect of limestone filler incorporation on fresh and hardened concrete characteristics. Through this study, it was demonstrated that with a proportion of limestone filler of about 25% of the quantity of cement used, the quality of the concrete has recognized appreciable improvements.
{"title":"Improving the Self-Compacting Concrete Properties by Incorporating a New Micronized Limestone Filler","authors":"Raoudha Sassi, A. Jelidi, S. Montassar","doi":"10.2478/jaes-2022-0029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jaes-2022-0029","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Self -compacting concrete composition results from several approaches to satisfy specific criteria. SCCs must be able to fill small, confined formwork without the need for vibration. To ensure the homogeneity and mechanical characteristics of the concrete, they must have good resistance to segregation throughout the setting time. The self-compacting aspect is controlled by a high volume of paste and an important fines content ensured by incorporating mineral additions that are expensive and not always available. The main objective of this paper is to utilize a new type of micronized limestone filler that may be characterized and incorporated into concrete to guarantee self-compacting quality. In the first part, a detailed characterization of the limestone filler was carried out to investigate its effects on the concrete properties. The identification has been physical, chemical, and specific to the concrete’s formulation. The second part is devoted to the experimental tests on different SCCs mixed with various amounts of filler to determine the optimal incorporation percentage. Moreover, a parametric study, involving the content of filler, the granular structure, and the quantity of superplasticizer, allowed an evaluation of the effect of limestone filler incorporation on fresh and hardened concrete characteristics. Through this study, it was demonstrated that with a proportion of limestone filler of about 25% of the quantity of cement used, the quality of the concrete has recognized appreciable improvements.","PeriodicalId":44808,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Engineering Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41938545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The paper presents the main methods of energy optimization of the purification processes, by implementing computer-based technologies. Both the process control possibilities using fuzzy logic, for situations where the process model is not very certain, but it must be well known, as well as the use of feed-forward artificial neural networks trained by the back-propagation method using the learning mechanism are reviewed and supervised (using the Matlab program).
{"title":"Energy Optimization of Wastewater Cleaning Technologies","authors":"G. Ionescu, Gabriella Böhm","doi":"10.2478/jaes-2022-0023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jaes-2022-0023","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The paper presents the main methods of energy optimization of the purification processes, by implementing computer-based technologies. Both the process control possibilities using fuzzy logic, for situations where the process model is not very certain, but it must be well known, as well as the use of feed-forward artificial neural networks trained by the back-propagation method using the learning mechanism are reviewed and supervised (using the Matlab program).","PeriodicalId":44808,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Engineering Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48928849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The protection of the water sources represents a topic that concerns humanity worldwide. Hence, the decrease of the water losses that occurs in water distribution networks during its overall operational lifetime, is an important issue for water operators and for researchers at theoretical and experimental level. Over the last years progresses have been made on the evaluation and analysis methods in order to eliminate the water losses. Among these methods, the evaluation of the water distribution systems, made on performance indicators by the use of the water balance, is the most current. Thus, the calculated value of each performance indicator and the analysis of these values will lead to the identification of the real problems within the water distribution system. As a result, this analysis has to be the first step in the planning phase of a new project and in the same time, it can serve as a pattern for any water distribution systems in order to decrease the water losses at lower costs.
{"title":"Overview and Recommendations for Analysis of Water Distribution Systems Based on Performance Indicators","authors":"E. Vitan, A. Hoțupan, A. Hadarean, C. Cilibiu","doi":"10.2478/jaes-2022-0030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jaes-2022-0030","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The protection of the water sources represents a topic that concerns humanity worldwide. Hence, the decrease of the water losses that occurs in water distribution networks during its overall operational lifetime, is an important issue for water operators and for researchers at theoretical and experimental level. Over the last years progresses have been made on the evaluation and analysis methods in order to eliminate the water losses. Among these methods, the evaluation of the water distribution systems, made on performance indicators by the use of the water balance, is the most current. Thus, the calculated value of each performance indicator and the analysis of these values will lead to the identification of the real problems within the water distribution system. As a result, this analysis has to be the first step in the planning phase of a new project and in the same time, it can serve as a pattern for any water distribution systems in order to decrease the water losses at lower costs.","PeriodicalId":44808,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Engineering Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45452813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This study was conducted to investigate the effect of variations in the asphaltic concrete core Rockfill dam geometric parameters on the core behavior at different upper, middle, and lower points under two-dimensional static stress-strain analysis. The mentioned analysis was performed using SIGMA/W software. In the modeling and analysis process, the geometry of a large number of dams constructed around the world was studied and many numerical models with variations in eight classes of height, three dams upstream/downstream slope modes, and three different asphaltic core positions and thicknesses on a rigid foundation were created and analyzed. In addition, for each of the above models, four dam operation stages including “End of Construction”, “Full Reservoir”, “Half-Full Reservoir”, and “Rapid Drawdown” were considered. The results show, in four different stages of construction and impounding and three different slope modes, the maximum stress as well as horizontal and vertical displacements at the upper, middle, and lower points of the core increase with increasing height. In all models, increasing upstream and downstream slopes results in an increase in the amount of vertical displacement for all construction and impounding stages at the upper, middle, and lower points of the core. In the middle and lower points of the core, with increasing height, the amount of deviatoric stress increases for all construction and impounding conditions. In addition, for all operation cases, the maximum strain increases in all points of the vertical and tilted cores as the core thickness increases. Additional results are presented in the next sections.
{"title":"Static Parametric Stress-Strain Analysis for Asphaltic Concrete Core of Rockfill Dams","authors":"Shahram Shiravi","doi":"10.2478/jaes-2022-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jaes-2022-0013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study was conducted to investigate the effect of variations in the asphaltic concrete core Rockfill dam geometric parameters on the core behavior at different upper, middle, and lower points under two-dimensional static stress-strain analysis. The mentioned analysis was performed using SIGMA/W software. In the modeling and analysis process, the geometry of a large number of dams constructed around the world was studied and many numerical models with variations in eight classes of height, three dams upstream/downstream slope modes, and three different asphaltic core positions and thicknesses on a rigid foundation were created and analyzed. In addition, for each of the above models, four dam operation stages including “End of Construction”, “Full Reservoir”, “Half-Full Reservoir”, and “Rapid Drawdown” were considered. The results show, in four different stages of construction and impounding and three different slope modes, the maximum stress as well as horizontal and vertical displacements at the upper, middle, and lower points of the core increase with increasing height. In all models, increasing upstream and downstream slopes results in an increase in the amount of vertical displacement for all construction and impounding stages at the upper, middle, and lower points of the core. In the middle and lower points of the core, with increasing height, the amount of deviatoric stress increases for all construction and impounding conditions. In addition, for all operation cases, the maximum strain increases in all points of the vertical and tilted cores as the core thickness increases. Additional results are presented in the next sections.","PeriodicalId":44808,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Engineering Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45263641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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