Pub Date : 2023-07-21DOI: 10.22581/muet1982.2303.12
M. Z. Shaikh, Khakoo Mal, Dillep Kumar, E. Ali, B. S. Chowdhry, E. Baro
Filters are the crucial element of many modern electronic systems used in control engineering, wireless communication systems, and embedded systems designs. Filters in one form or another, are considered an important subsystem in developing communication systems. The ideal filter cannot be designed through any electronic circuit and the only way is to realize using simulations tools like MATLAB. In this paper, the simulation and analysis of the ideal low pass filter is presented. The MATLAB software is used to generate and perform analysis of the step response of ideal low-pass filter (Si function) and impulse response of ideal low-pass filter (Sinc function) in time and frequency domains. The aim of the work is to provide engineering students an easier understanding of the filter design process in an appropriate way with the help of simple programming. Where, it is easy to generate signals and analyze the ideal low pass filter response. To verify achievement of learning objectives, a survey is conducted from 45 engineering students of electronic and telecommunication which elicited students’ observations and interest in the learning process. Overall about 75% of students gave positive feedback, which indicates that such type of experimentation had a significant impact on the student academic outcomes.
{"title":"Simulation and analysis of ideal low pass filter response using MATLAB","authors":"M. Z. Shaikh, Khakoo Mal, Dillep Kumar, E. Ali, B. S. Chowdhry, E. Baro","doi":"10.22581/muet1982.2303.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22581/muet1982.2303.12","url":null,"abstract":"Filters are the crucial element of many modern electronic systems used in control engineering, wireless communication systems, and embedded systems designs. Filters in one form or another, are considered an important subsystem in developing communication systems. The ideal filter cannot be designed through any electronic circuit and the only way is to realize using simulations tools like MATLAB. In this paper, the simulation and analysis of the ideal low pass filter is presented. The MATLAB software is used to generate and perform analysis of the step response of ideal low-pass filter (Si function) and impulse response of ideal low-pass filter (Sinc function) in time and frequency domains. The aim of the work is to provide engineering students an easier understanding of the filter design process in an appropriate way with the help of simple programming. Where, it is easy to generate signals and analyze the ideal low pass filter response. To verify achievement of learning objectives, a survey is conducted from 45 engineering students of electronic and telecommunication which elicited students’ observations and interest in the learning process. Overall about 75% of students gave positive feedback, which indicates that such type of experimentation had a significant impact on the student academic outcomes.","PeriodicalId":44836,"journal":{"name":"Mehran University Research Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44593699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-21DOI: 10.22581/muet1982.2303.17
Saher Afshan, A. H. Sheikh, Fatima Riaz, R. B. Khokhar
Non-linear Eq.s occur as a sub-problem in a wide variety of engineering and scientific domains. To deal with the complexity of Non-linear Eq.s, it is often required to use numerical procedures, which are the most suitable method to employ in certain circumstances. Many classic iterative approaches have been regularly employed for various situations; nevertheless, the convergence rate of those methods is low. In many cases, an iterative approach with a faster convergence rate is needed. This is something that classical methods like the Newton-Raphson Method (NRM) cannot provide. As part of this investigation, a modification to the NRM has been suggested to speed up convergence rates and reduce computational time. Ultimately, this research aims to improve the NRM, resulting in a Modified Iterative Method (MIM). The proposed method was thoroughly examined. According to the research, the convergence rate is higher than that of NRM. The proposed method delivers more accurate results while reducing computational time and requiring fewer iterations than earlier methods. The numerical findings confirm that the promised performance is correct. The results include the number of iterations, residuals, and computing time. This innovative technique, which is appropriate to any Non-linear equation, produces more accurate approximations with less iteration than conventional methods, and it is appropriate to any Non-linear equation.
{"title":"Multipurpose modified iterative solver for nonlinear equations","authors":"Saher Afshan, A. H. Sheikh, Fatima Riaz, R. B. Khokhar","doi":"10.22581/muet1982.2303.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22581/muet1982.2303.17","url":null,"abstract":"Non-linear Eq.s occur as a sub-problem in a wide variety of engineering and scientific domains. To deal with the complexity of Non-linear Eq.s, it is often required to use numerical procedures, which are the most suitable method to employ in certain circumstances. Many classic iterative approaches have been regularly employed for various situations; nevertheless, the convergence rate of those methods is low. In many cases, an iterative approach with a faster convergence rate is needed. This is something that classical methods like the Newton-Raphson Method (NRM) cannot provide. As part of this investigation, a modification to the NRM has been suggested to speed up convergence rates and reduce computational time. Ultimately, this research aims to improve the NRM, resulting in a Modified Iterative Method (MIM). The proposed method was thoroughly examined. According to the research, the convergence rate is higher than that of NRM. The proposed method delivers more accurate results while reducing computational time and requiring fewer iterations than earlier methods. The numerical findings confirm that the promised performance is correct. The results include the number of iterations, residuals, and computing time. This innovative technique, which is appropriate to any Non-linear equation, produces more accurate approximations with less iteration than conventional methods, and it is appropriate to any Non-linear equation.","PeriodicalId":44836,"journal":{"name":"Mehran University Research Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42893813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-21DOI: 10.22581/muet1982.2303.13
A. Idrees, N. Sadiq, Mahwish Mobeen Khan, Syed Ahmed Hassan, Zaheer Uddin Khan
The most influential source of energy in our lives is solar energy. Solar energy reaches the earth in three different forms, i.e., Global, diffused, and Direct Solar Radiation. The Solar flux at the earth's surface depends on the intensity of these radiations and is a function of the values of latitude and longitude. The earth's temperature and hence dewpoint are greatly affected by solar flux. This idea is used for predicting solar radiation with input parameters, temperature, and dewpoint along with day number and month. The method of prediction of solar radiation used in the study is Artificial Neural Network (ANN). ANN has four variables in the input, ten neurons in the hidden layer, and three output parameters GSR. DSR and BSR. Six different types of errors, namely, Root Mean Square error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MABE), Mean percent error (MAPE), Chi-square, Coefficient of Determination, Kolmogorov Smirnov, have been calculated for training, testing, and validation mode to check the accuracy of estimation. The values of all the errors are low, which indicates the prediction of solar radiation is reliable.
在我们的生活中最有影响力的能源是太阳能。到达地球的太阳能有三种不同的形式，即太阳总辐射、漫射辐射和直接辐射。地球表面的太阳通量取决于这些辐射的强度，并且是纬度和经度值的函数。地球的温度和露点受太阳通量的影响很大。这个想法被用来预测太阳辐射输入参数，温度，露点以及天数和月份。研究中使用的太阳辐射预测方法是人工神经网络(ANN)。人工神经网络的输入有4个变量，隐藏层有10个神经元，输出参数GSR有3个。DSR和BSR。计算了六种不同类型的误差，即均方根误差(RMSE)、平均绝对误差(MABE)、平均百分比误差(MAPE)、卡方、决定系数(Coefficient of Determination)、Kolmogorov Smirnov，用于训练、测试和验证模式，以检查估计的准确性。各误差值均较低，表明对太阳辐射的预测是可靠的。
{"title":"Modeling and estimation of solar radiation of Karachi through artificial neural network (ANN) using temperature and dew-point","authors":"A. Idrees, N. Sadiq, Mahwish Mobeen Khan, Syed Ahmed Hassan, Zaheer Uddin Khan","doi":"10.22581/muet1982.2303.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22581/muet1982.2303.13","url":null,"abstract":"The most influential source of energy in our lives is solar energy. Solar energy reaches the earth in three different forms, i.e., Global, diffused, and Direct Solar Radiation. The Solar flux at the earth's surface depends on the intensity of these radiations and is a function of the values of latitude and longitude. The earth's temperature and hence dewpoint are greatly affected by solar flux. This idea is used for predicting solar radiation with input parameters, temperature, and dewpoint along with day number and month. The method of prediction of solar radiation used in the study is Artificial Neural Network (ANN). ANN has four variables in the input, ten neurons in the hidden layer, and three output parameters GSR. DSR and BSR. Six different types of errors, namely, Root Mean Square error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MABE), Mean percent error (MAPE), Chi-square, Coefficient of Determination, Kolmogorov Smirnov, have been calculated for training, testing, and validation mode to check the accuracy of estimation. The values of all the errors are low, which indicates the prediction of solar radiation is reliable.","PeriodicalId":44836,"journal":{"name":"Mehran University Research Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48190919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-21DOI: 10.22581/muet1982.2303.01
Iqra A. Rashid, K. Shaker, Yasir Nawab
This paper reviews the shape distortions in a polymer composite, its sources, characterization techniques, and remedies. The shape distortion may include warpage, spring-in, or change in enclosed diameter for flat, angled, and circular parts. Residual stresses are considered to be the major source of shape distortion (dimensional instability) in laminated composites. These stresses are the result of the difference in thermal expansion behavior of the different plies or between matrix and reinforcement. Additionally, fiber buckling, transversal cracking, and delamination are also produced in the composite, affecting its mechanical properties like tensile, flexural, and compression. The produced residual stresses are determined through different techniques like layer removal of symmetrical laminates, first ply failure, and x-ray diffraction. The common remedies for shape distortion reported in the literature include nanoparticle addition and variable thickness at the base or flanges.
{"title":"Shape distortion in composites: sources, characterization, and remedies","authors":"Iqra A. Rashid, K. Shaker, Yasir Nawab","doi":"10.22581/muet1982.2303.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22581/muet1982.2303.01","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reviews the shape distortions in a polymer composite, its sources, characterization techniques, and remedies. The shape distortion may include warpage, spring-in, or change in enclosed diameter for flat, angled, and circular parts. Residual stresses are considered to be the major source of shape distortion (dimensional instability) in laminated composites. These stresses are the result of the difference in thermal expansion behavior of the different plies or between matrix and reinforcement. Additionally, fiber buckling, transversal cracking, and delamination are also produced in the composite, affecting its mechanical properties like tensile, flexural, and compression. The produced residual stresses are determined through different techniques like layer removal of symmetrical laminates, first ply failure, and x-ray diffraction. The common remedies for shape distortion reported in the literature include nanoparticle addition and variable thickness at the base or flanges.","PeriodicalId":44836,"journal":{"name":"Mehran University Research Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47004900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-21DOI: 10.22581/muet1982.2303.10
Irfan Ali Kandhro, A. Wagan, K. Kumar, Zubair Uddin Shaikh
This research study focuses the cross-domain aspect-based sentiment analysis (CD-ABSA) for existing source domain annotation data. The CD-ABSA tries to use the valuable information in a source domain to extract aspect terms and evaluate their sentiment polarities in a target domain. It can considerably increase the usage of the source domain annotation resources while also reducing the workload of newer domain data annotation. one of the main components of the CD-ABSA is aspect extraction. In this paper, we utilized the most common topic modelling techniques: LDA and LSA to extract aspects from the reviews as it does not require labelled data. The topics are extracted from the education domain of the Course and Teacher Performance Evaluation (CTPE) dataset. In this paper, we also evaluated the different hyper-parameters on the CD-ABSA model and selected the best and optimal combination. The proposed methodology train on domain-dependent and independent word embedding that achieves CD-ABSA, in particularly end-to-end fashion. The experiment carries out on Academica dataset, which consists of students’ comments/feedback and SemEval-2014 dataset, which includes laptops and restaurants reviews. The evaluation metrics such as (precision, recall, F1 score and validation Accuracy) is considered while judging the LSTM classifier performance for CD-ABSA as a result.
{"title":"An efficient LSTM based cross domain aspect based sentiment analysis (CD-ABSA)","authors":"Irfan Ali Kandhro, A. Wagan, K. Kumar, Zubair Uddin Shaikh","doi":"10.22581/muet1982.2303.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22581/muet1982.2303.10","url":null,"abstract":"This research study focuses the cross-domain aspect-based sentiment analysis (CD-ABSA) for existing source domain annotation data. The CD-ABSA tries to use the valuable information in a source domain to extract aspect terms and evaluate their sentiment polarities in a target domain. It can considerably increase the usage of the source domain annotation resources while also reducing the workload of newer domain data annotation. one of the main components of the CD-ABSA is aspect extraction. In this paper, we utilized the most common topic modelling techniques: LDA and LSA to extract aspects from the reviews as it does not require labelled data. The topics are extracted from the education domain of the Course and Teacher Performance Evaluation (CTPE) dataset. In this paper, we also evaluated the different hyper-parameters on the CD-ABSA model and selected the best and optimal combination. The proposed methodology train on domain-dependent and independent word embedding that achieves CD-ABSA, in particularly end-to-end fashion. The experiment carries out on Academica dataset, which consists of students’ comments/feedback and SemEval-2014 dataset, which includes laptops and restaurants reviews. The evaluation metrics such as (precision, recall, F1 score and validation Accuracy) is considered while judging the LSTM classifier performance for CD-ABSA as a result.","PeriodicalId":44836,"journal":{"name":"Mehran University Research Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46228522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-20DOI: 10.22581/muet1982.2303.03
M. Amir
Bending rigidity magnitude of sewing thread provides a sustainable solution on the appearance of single needle lock stitched lightweight woven fabrics which are prone to pucker. Comparison of sewing thread bending rigidity with thread count, thread diameter, thread cyclic recovery and their resultant implication in the single lock stitched assemblies were given less consideration for the prediction and reduction of seam pucker severity. The resultant implication of physical and mechanical properties of sewing thread with rising trend of static thread tension magnitude at lock stitched sewing machine has significant impact on lightweight lock stitched fabric assemblies to predict and elude seam pucker. The present research is focused to investigate impact of the thread bending rigidity on count, diameter and cyclic recovery at 4th cycle of four cores spun sewing threads. The study concluded that sewing thread bending rigidity has high coefficient of determination of sewing thread; diameter (R2 =0.81), count (R2 =0.73) and cyclic recovery (R2 =0.77). Single needle 400 lock stitched samples of two cores spun sewing threads (t2 and t4) were prepared with ten plain weave lightweight woven fabric samples prone to pucker at four different static needle thread tensions. It is also established that combined effect of sewing thread static tension and cyclic recovery at sewing machine has significant coefficient of determination (R2>0.85 at low static thread tension and R2>0.73 at very high static thread tension) to predict and elude seam pucker severity. Research finding provides a sustainable solution to select the fine count sewing thread attuned with lightweight woven fabrics prone to pucker severity. It was observed that the Fine count sewing thread has lowest bending rigidity and 4th cyclic recovery magnitudes (R2 close to 1) to reduce or predict pucker severity for prone to pucker plain weave lightweight woven fabrics at minimum static thread tension (25gf ) on single needle lock stitched sewing machine (R2>0.81).
{"title":"Sustainable solution of sewing thread attributes on seam pucker","authors":"M. Amir","doi":"10.22581/muet1982.2303.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22581/muet1982.2303.03","url":null,"abstract":"Bending rigidity magnitude of sewing thread provides a sustainable solution on the appearance of single needle lock stitched lightweight woven fabrics which are prone to pucker. Comparison of sewing thread bending rigidity with thread count, thread diameter, thread cyclic recovery and their resultant implication in the single lock stitched assemblies were given less consideration for the prediction and reduction of seam pucker severity. The resultant implication of physical and mechanical properties of sewing thread with rising trend of static thread tension magnitude at lock stitched sewing machine has significant impact on lightweight lock stitched fabric assemblies to predict and elude seam pucker. The present research is focused to investigate impact of the thread bending rigidity on count, diameter and cyclic recovery at 4th cycle of four cores spun sewing threads. The study concluded that sewing thread bending rigidity has high coefficient of determination of sewing thread; diameter (R2 =0.81), count (R2 =0.73) and cyclic recovery (R2 =0.77). Single needle 400 lock stitched samples of two cores spun sewing threads (t2 and t4) were prepared with ten plain weave lightweight woven fabric samples prone to pucker at four different static needle thread tensions. It is also established that combined effect of sewing thread static tension and cyclic recovery at sewing machine has significant coefficient of determination (R2>0.85 at low static thread tension and R2>0.73 at very high static thread tension) to predict and elude seam pucker severity. Research finding provides a sustainable solution to select the fine count sewing thread attuned with lightweight woven fabrics prone to pucker severity. It was observed that the Fine count sewing thread has lowest bending rigidity and 4th cyclic recovery magnitudes (R2 close to 1) to reduce or predict pucker severity for prone to pucker plain weave lightweight woven fabrics at minimum static thread tension (25gf ) on single needle lock stitched sewing machine (R2>0.81).","PeriodicalId":44836,"journal":{"name":"Mehran University Research Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46925937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.22581/muet1982.2302.14
M. N. Bhatti, Pardeep Kumar, R. Parveen, Marina Sherbaz, Umair Sheikh
IEEE 802.15.4 defines the working of physical and media access layers of a Low-Rate Wireless Personal Area Network (LR-WPAN). A LR-WPAN is a low cost, low power, and low data-rate network that offers reasonable lifetime and reliable data transfer within a limited range. However, it faces several challenges whilst dealing with applications that are having strict timeliness, energy, and bandwidth requirements. This paper proposes an efficient superframe structure for the MAC layer of IEEE 802.15.4 networks that intends to deal with these challenges by varying the functionalities of Guaranteed Time Slot (GTS) bits. Simulations of different GTS allocation techniques show that our enhanced scheme outperforms the original standard as well as previous techniques in terms of energy consumption, average delay, maximum GTS allocation and reliability.
{"title":"A novel scheme to improve lifetime and real-time support for IEEE 802.15.4 based wireless personal area networks","authors":"M. N. Bhatti, Pardeep Kumar, R. Parveen, Marina Sherbaz, Umair Sheikh","doi":"10.22581/muet1982.2302.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22581/muet1982.2302.14","url":null,"abstract":"IEEE 802.15.4 defines the working of physical and media access layers of a Low-Rate Wireless Personal Area Network (LR-WPAN). A LR-WPAN is a low cost, low power, and low data-rate network that offers reasonable lifetime and reliable data transfer within a limited range. However, it faces several challenges whilst dealing with applications that are having strict timeliness, energy, and bandwidth requirements. This paper proposes an efficient superframe structure for the MAC layer of IEEE 802.15.4 networks that intends to deal with these challenges by varying the functionalities of Guaranteed Time Slot (GTS) bits. Simulations of different GTS allocation techniques show that our enhanced scheme outperforms the original standard as well as previous techniques in terms of energy consumption, average delay, maximum GTS allocation and reliability.","PeriodicalId":44836,"journal":{"name":"Mehran University Research Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41640763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.22581/muet1982.2302.19
Maryam Saeed, Irfan Ahmed Halepoto, Sania Khaskheli, Mehak Bushra
Brain tumors are spreading very fast across the world. It is one of the aggressive diseases which eventually lead to death if not being detected timely and appropriately. The difficult task for neurologists and radiologists is detecting brain tumor at early stages. However, manually detecting brain tumor from magnetic resonance imaging images is challenging, and susceptible to errors as experienced physician is required for this. To resolve both the concerns, an automated brain tumor detection system is developed for early diagnosis of the disease. In this paper, the diagnosis via MRI images are being done along with classification in terms of its type. The proposed system can specifically classify four brain tumor condition classification like meningioma tumor, pituitary tumor, glioma tumor and no tumor. The convolutional neural network method is used for classification and diagnosis of tumors which has accuracy of about 93.60%. This study is done on a KAGGLE dataset which comprises of 3274 Brain MRI scans. This model can be applied for real time brain tumor detection.
{"title":"Optimization and efficiency analysis of deep learning based brain tumor detection","authors":"Maryam Saeed, Irfan Ahmed Halepoto, Sania Khaskheli, Mehak Bushra","doi":"10.22581/muet1982.2302.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22581/muet1982.2302.19","url":null,"abstract":"Brain tumors are spreading very fast across the world. It is one of the aggressive diseases which eventually lead to death if not being detected timely and appropriately. The difficult task for neurologists and radiologists is detecting brain tumor at early stages. However, manually detecting brain tumor from magnetic resonance imaging images is challenging, and susceptible to errors as experienced physician is required for this. To resolve both the concerns, an automated brain tumor detection system is developed for early diagnosis of the disease. In this paper, the diagnosis via MRI images are being done along with classification in terms of its type. The proposed system can specifically classify four brain tumor condition classification like meningioma tumor, pituitary tumor, glioma tumor and no tumor. The convolutional neural network method is used for classification and diagnosis of tumors which has accuracy of about 93.60%. This study is done on a KAGGLE dataset which comprises of 3274 Brain MRI scans. This model can be applied for real time brain tumor detection.","PeriodicalId":44836,"journal":{"name":"Mehran University Research Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43212768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.22581/muet1982.2302.20
I. Okakwu, Akintunde Samson Alayande, T. Ajewole, O. Olabode
This paper presents a techno-economic application of a directly-coupled PV-pumping system for domestic application in some selected rural communities in Nigeria. Four different rural communities were considered in Ogun State, Nigeria and data of volume of water requirement per household per day were obtained through the use of interview scheduled for the rural households. The system is properly sized such that the pump energy requirement is in tandem with the PV-system of the location. Six different submersible pumps of different ratings were considered for this study. The number of PV-arrays, controllers and the tank storage capacities for various pumps were also determined. MATLAB tool is used to simulate the system. The economic assessment of the system, which includes life cycle cost, energy cost of pumps and the cubic meter cost of water were also determined. The result reveals that the life cycle cost ranges from unit cost of energy ranges from unit cost of water per cubic meter ranges from for the various submersible pumps considered. The maximum power and voltage and the efficiency of the PV module selected for the analysis are 250 W, 24 V and 14%. Also, the result also reveals that the proposed system is more cost effective than the conventional public utility water cooperation in Nigeria. The study provides the design and simulation of PV-based water pumping system, which can be used for understanding planning water supply system for rural areas.
{"title":"Techno-economic analysis of utilizing a directly-coupled photovoltaic water pumping system for domestic application in Nigeria","authors":"I. Okakwu, Akintunde Samson Alayande, T. Ajewole, O. Olabode","doi":"10.22581/muet1982.2302.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22581/muet1982.2302.20","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a techno-economic application of a directly-coupled PV-pumping system for domestic application in some selected rural communities in Nigeria. Four different rural communities were considered in Ogun State, Nigeria and data of volume of water requirement per household per day were obtained through the use of interview scheduled for the rural households. The system is properly sized such that the pump energy requirement is in tandem with the PV-system of the location. Six different submersible pumps of different ratings were considered for this study. The number of PV-arrays, controllers and the tank storage capacities for various pumps were also determined. MATLAB tool is used to simulate the system. The economic assessment of the system, which includes life cycle cost, energy cost of pumps and the cubic meter cost of water were also determined. The result reveals that the life cycle cost ranges from unit cost of energy ranges from unit cost of water per cubic meter ranges from for the various submersible pumps considered. The maximum power and voltage and the efficiency of the PV module selected for the analysis are 250 W, 24 V and 14%. Also, the result also reveals that the proposed system is more cost effective than the conventional public utility water cooperation in Nigeria. The study provides the design and simulation of PV-based water pumping system, which can be used for understanding planning water supply system for rural areas.","PeriodicalId":44836,"journal":{"name":"Mehran University Research Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41322125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.22581/muet1982.2302.16
A. A. Memon, Chen Hao, M. H. Baloch
An appropriate numerical computational method and simplest model captures the performance of Switched Reluctance Machines (SRMs). Several papers and computer software-based simulation models are reported in the literature. Each model has its own merits and demerits. This paper proposes a mathematical model, based on a combination of voltage and mechanical equations, suitable for the transient running of a switched reluctance machine. The simulation results of current, torque and speed profile of SRM are produced under current chopping control and voltage pulse width modulation control. The proposed work has used experimental data of flux linkage and static torque in the mathematical model for best performance and control of the machine. The obtained simulation results are verified with experimental results. This model can be extended to a range of rotor position where the machine can be switched at decreased and increased inductance region which gives motoring and generating operation mode.
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