Indian Journal of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and AIDS最新文献

Human retro-viral disease and the myriad opportunistic infections associated with it continue to pose a diagnostic challenge to clinicians. Disseminated Kaposi sarcoma (KS) and KS-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) are entities that can be associated with adverse clinical outcomes unless recognized early by the treating physician. We present the case of a 36-year-old homosexual HIV-positive male who presented with unusual symptoms of KS and KS IRIS with lower gastrointestinal bleeding and respiratory distress devoid of any cutaneous manifestations.

Aim: The aim of this study was to document the fetomaternal outcome in HIV-infected pregnant women delivering at a tertiary health-care center of South Gujarat.

Subjects and methods: This study was a secondary data analysis of pregnant HIV-infected women delivering between May 2017 and April 2021 in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, a tertiary health-care center of South Gujarat.

Statistical analysis: Secondary data analysis was performed using IBM SPSS ver. 20.0 (IBM SPSS Corp., Armonk, NY, USA).

Results: A total of 145 HIV-infected pregnant women were delivered at our institute during the study period. Thirteen (8.97%) participants had preterm delivery. Eighty-eight (60.68%) of the 145 participants had vaginal delivery and 57 (39.32%) underwent cesarean section. One hundred and forty-three (98.62%) of our 145 participants had live births, whereas 2 (1.38%) had stillbirths. Most of the newborns, i.e., 96 (64.43%) had a birth weight of between 2 and 3 kg, and 25 (16.77%) had a birth weight of <2 kg. Out of 147 live-born babies, 36 (24.48%) babies were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit NICU.

Conclusion: Although the HIV positivity in our general population is <1%, it entails a slightly higher risk of preterm birth and stillbirth for the HIV-positive pregnant women. Early registration and appropriate antenatal care are necessary for optimizing the fetomaternal outcome.

Crohn's disease (CD) is a type of inflammatory bowel disease, which presents with extraintestinal manifestations in some cases, skin being one of the organs involved. Vulvar and perianal involvement leads to significant morbidity and has an adverse effect on the quality of life. We report a case of genital CD affecting the vulva, perianal region, and oral cavity, due to its rarity and diagnostic difficulty.

Congenital syphilis (CS) is a vertically transmitted infection caused by the spirochete Treponema pallidum. It is seen rarely due to proper antenatal screening. Signs and symptoms appear within the first 2 years of life in early CS and after 2 years in late CS. Failure to diagnose and treat CS in its early stages can result in higher morbidity and mortality. Skin manifestations can guide toward the diagnosis of CS at an early stage. Here, we report a 2-day-old neonate who presented with acral peeling of skin along with respiratory distress and hepatosplenomegaly. Clinical suspicion of CS was made and subsequently confirmed by a positive venereal disease research laboratory test in both mother and child. The child was treated with aqueous crystalline penicillin G as per the CDC guidelines.

A 45-year-old woman on treatment for HIV infection with highly active antiretroviral therapy for the past 10 years presented to us with a history of Raynaud's phenomenon and hyperpigmentation of the skin for 2 years. She was diagnosed to have pulmonary arterial hypertension 8 months ago. On examination, she had salt-and-pepper pigmentation and sclerodactyly. Her biochemical workup was normal. She had positive antinuclear antibody by indirect immunofluorescence method. Skin biopsy was consistent with systemic sclerosis. HIV has its own musculoskeletal manifestations. The paradox of autoimmunity in the background of immunodeficiency was intriguing. Treating autoimmunity in the presence of immunodeficiency was challenging. The attribution and differentiation of pulmonary hypertension were difficult. There has been a homology identified between human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV 1) and centromere B protein (CENP B). This case is reported because of the unusual occurrence of systemic sclerosis in an HIV patient.