Pub Date : 2021-12-16DOI: 10.1080/21606544.2021.2012837
Kelsi G. Hobbs, A. Link, C. Swann
ABSTRACT In 2017, The New York Times sounded the alarm that ‘the number of [U.S. national] park visitors have reached an unprecedented level, leaving many tourists frustrated and many environmentalists concerned about the toll of overcrowding.’ We address herein the overcrowding issue at Zion National Park in an effort to provide empirical context for upcoming Congressional consideration of entrance fees at national parks under the Federal Lands Recreation Enhancement Act. Zion is the fourth largest of the 63 U.S. national parks encompassing 148 thousand acres and welcoming 4.5 million recreation visits in 2019. We determine from U.S. National Park Service data that severe overcrowding occurs during the summer months of June, July, and August. One way to possibly reduce overcrowding is to increase the price. We estimate that if the entrance fee to Zion was increased from $35.00 per vehicle to $70.00 per vehicle during those months, the number of recreation visits would decrease by more than 18 percent and would result in an acceptable number of recreation visits defined to be what is experienced in May.
{"title":"The overcrowding of Zion National Park: is it a pricing problem?","authors":"Kelsi G. Hobbs, A. Link, C. Swann","doi":"10.1080/21606544.2021.2012837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21606544.2021.2012837","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In 2017, The New York Times sounded the alarm that ‘the number of [U.S. national] park visitors have reached an unprecedented level, leaving many tourists frustrated and many environmentalists concerned about the toll of overcrowding.’ We address herein the overcrowding issue at Zion National Park in an effort to provide empirical context for upcoming Congressional consideration of entrance fees at national parks under the Federal Lands Recreation Enhancement Act. Zion is the fourth largest of the 63 U.S. national parks encompassing 148 thousand acres and welcoming 4.5 million recreation visits in 2019. We determine from U.S. National Park Service data that severe overcrowding occurs during the summer months of June, July, and August. One way to possibly reduce overcrowding is to increase the price. We estimate that if the entrance fee to Zion was increased from $35.00 per vehicle to $70.00 per vehicle during those months, the number of recreation visits would decrease by more than 18 percent and would result in an acceptable number of recreation visits defined to be what is experienced in May.","PeriodicalId":44903,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Economics and Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2021-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42468324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-31DOI: 10.1080/21606544.2021.1993348
Théo Benonnier, Katrin Millock, Vis Taraz
ABSTRACT Climate variability has the potential to affect both international and internal migration profoundly. Earlier work finds that higher temperatures reduce agricultural yields, which in turn reduces migration rates in low-income countries, due to liquidity constraints. We test whether access to irrigation modulates this temperature–migration relationship, since irrigation buffers agricultural incomes from high temperatures. We regress measures of international and internal migration on decadal averages of temperature and rainfall, interacted with country-level data on irrigation and income. We find robust evidence that, for poor countries, irrigation access significantly offsets the negative effect of increasing temperatures on internal migration, as proxied by urbanisation rates. Our results demonstrate the importance of considering access to alternative adaptation strategies when analysing the temperature-migration relationship.
{"title":"Long-term migration trends and rising temperatures: the role of irrigation","authors":"Théo Benonnier, Katrin Millock, Vis Taraz","doi":"10.1080/21606544.2021.1993348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21606544.2021.1993348","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Climate variability has the potential to affect both international and internal migration profoundly. Earlier work finds that higher temperatures reduce agricultural yields, which in turn reduces migration rates in low-income countries, due to liquidity constraints. We test whether access to irrigation modulates this temperature–migration relationship, since irrigation buffers agricultural incomes from high temperatures. We regress measures of international and internal migration on decadal averages of temperature and rainfall, interacted with country-level data on irrigation and income. We find robust evidence that, for poor countries, irrigation access significantly offsets the negative effect of increasing temperatures on internal migration, as proxied by urbanisation rates. Our results demonstrate the importance of considering access to alternative adaptation strategies when analysing the temperature-migration relationship.","PeriodicalId":44903,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Economics and Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42960865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-27DOI: 10.1080/21606544.2021.1984314
P. Metcalfe, A. Seń
ABSTRACT At the 2014/15 water price reviews in Great Britain, a notionally similar stated preference methodology was used across multiple customer surveys to derive willingness to pay (WTP) estimates for comparable service improvements. Very different valuations were obtained for the same service measures, however, raising questions regarding their validity and reliability. This paper examines the variation in those WTP estimates via a meta-analysis of household WTP values from 18 water companies for five common service measures. Our main finding is that WTP decreased substantially with the service changes offered for valuation, a finding that is inconsistent with expected utility theory, the standard economic theory of rational choice under uncertainty, but is consistent with predictions from prospect theory, and with empirical evidence from related fields. Moreover, the majority of the observed variation in WTP estimates could be explained by differences in the scope of service change offered. The study also finds that WTP increased with the number of households supplied, a finding which is considered likely to be due to altruism, and with GDP per capita, and decreased with the number of attributes included in the study design. Significant risk framing effects are also identified.
{"title":"Sensitivity to scope of water and wastewater service valuations: a meta-analysis of findings from water price reviews in Great Britain","authors":"P. Metcalfe, A. Seń","doi":"10.1080/21606544.2021.1984314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21606544.2021.1984314","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT At the 2014/15 water price reviews in Great Britain, a notionally similar stated preference methodology was used across multiple customer surveys to derive willingness to pay (WTP) estimates for comparable service improvements. Very different valuations were obtained for the same service measures, however, raising questions regarding their validity and reliability. This paper examines the variation in those WTP estimates via a meta-analysis of household WTP values from 18 water companies for five common service measures. Our main finding is that WTP decreased substantially with the service changes offered for valuation, a finding that is inconsistent with expected utility theory, the standard economic theory of rational choice under uncertainty, but is consistent with predictions from prospect theory, and with empirical evidence from related fields. Moreover, the majority of the observed variation in WTP estimates could be explained by differences in the scope of service change offered. The study also finds that WTP increased with the number of households supplied, a finding which is considered likely to be due to altruism, and with GDP per capita, and decreased with the number of attributes included in the study design. Significant risk framing effects are also identified.","PeriodicalId":44903,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Economics and Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48196828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-10DOI: 10.1080/21606544.2021.1979101
Sabina Ampon-Wireko, Lulin Zhou, Xinglong Xu, L. Dauda, I. A. Mensah, Ebenezer Larnyo, Easmond Baah Nketia
ABSTRACT The paper examines the association between health expenditure, carbon emission, economic growth, natural resources, and population in developing countries for 2000–2018. It further explores the relationship between these variables over the same period. The study applied Pooled mean group (PMG) and Dynamic ordinary least square (DOLS) estimations to explore the long and short-term impact of environmental pollution, economic growth, and natural resources on health expenditure. PMG and the DOLS results show that economic growth and environmental pollution, and natural resources increase health expenditure at the panel level. However, improved sanitation reduces health spending. The findings for the individual country level from the FMOLS confirmed similar results for some countries. Furthermore, there is bidirectional causality between health spending and economic growth. Developing nations should implement strategic environment management policies that enhanced clean and healthy air to decrease the pressure on health care expenses.
{"title":"The relationship between healthcare expenditure, CO2 emissions and natural resources: evidence from developing countries","authors":"Sabina Ampon-Wireko, Lulin Zhou, Xinglong Xu, L. Dauda, I. A. Mensah, Ebenezer Larnyo, Easmond Baah Nketia","doi":"10.1080/21606544.2021.1979101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21606544.2021.1979101","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The paper examines the association between health expenditure, carbon emission, economic growth, natural resources, and population in developing countries for 2000–2018. It further explores the relationship between these variables over the same period. The study applied Pooled mean group (PMG) and Dynamic ordinary least square (DOLS) estimations to explore the long and short-term impact of environmental pollution, economic growth, and natural resources on health expenditure. PMG and the DOLS results show that economic growth and environmental pollution, and natural resources increase health expenditure at the panel level. However, improved sanitation reduces health spending. The findings for the individual country level from the FMOLS confirmed similar results for some countries. Furthermore, there is bidirectional causality between health spending and economic growth. Developing nations should implement strategic environment management policies that enhanced clean and healthy air to decrease the pressure on health care expenses.","PeriodicalId":44903,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Economics and Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42576698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-06DOI: 10.1080/21606544.2021.1981461
Andy S. Choi
ABSTRACT This paper aims to examine whether or not differing sample compositions influence conditional willingness-to-pay (WTP) estimates for the same respondents, using a Monte Carlo evaluation. The results in this paper challenge the use of individual-specific WTP values. Approximately at least one out of five respondents are likely to show frequent extreme WTP values. Interval variables might give more stable tastes across varying sample compositions than dummy variables. Nonmarket valuation researchers, exploring preference heterogeneity, should be more cautious about potentially unstable conditional WTP estimates, particularly when respondents are regrouped with differing memberships.
{"title":"How conditional are the conditional willingness-to-pay estimates? A Monte Carlo evaluation","authors":"Andy S. Choi","doi":"10.1080/21606544.2021.1981461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21606544.2021.1981461","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper aims to examine whether or not differing sample compositions influence conditional willingness-to-pay (WTP) estimates for the same respondents, using a Monte Carlo evaluation. The results in this paper challenge the use of individual-specific WTP values. Approximately at least one out of five respondents are likely to show frequent extreme WTP values. Interval variables might give more stable tastes across varying sample compositions than dummy variables. Nonmarket valuation researchers, exploring preference heterogeneity, should be more cautious about potentially unstable conditional WTP estimates, particularly when respondents are regrouped with differing memberships.","PeriodicalId":44903,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Economics and Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42919649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.1080/21606544.2021.1981460
Martin Förster, Volker Müller-Benedict
ABSTRACT Over the last years, the impact of social inequality in various fields was analysed and researched. Surprisingly, preceding research on the correlation between income inequality and environmental pollution revealed no evidence for such a connection. In this paper, we break down the effect of income inequality on the individuals’ willingness to contribute to environmental sustainability into two indirect effects: the growing privatization of public costs and the expansion of social conflicts. Analysing data from an ISSP survey from 2010, we conclude that the lack of statistical correlation between income inequality and the willingness to contribute to environmental protection results from the simultaneous occurrence of two opposite forces of equal strength: With higher inequality, a person perceives the costs of environmental damage as a private problem, thereby his/her willingness to contribute to the protection of the environment rises. On the other hand, with higher inequality, the willingness to contribute is less enhanced by a norm of contributing to environmental sustainability.
{"title":"The effects of income inequality on the willingness to contribute to environmental sustainability","authors":"Martin Förster, Volker Müller-Benedict","doi":"10.1080/21606544.2021.1981460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21606544.2021.1981460","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Over the last years, the impact of social inequality in various fields was analysed and researched. Surprisingly, preceding research on the correlation between income inequality and environmental pollution revealed no evidence for such a connection. In this paper, we break down the effect of income inequality on the individuals’ willingness to contribute to environmental sustainability into two indirect effects: the growing privatization of public costs and the expansion of social conflicts. Analysing data from an ISSP survey from 2010, we conclude that the lack of statistical correlation between income inequality and the willingness to contribute to environmental protection results from the simultaneous occurrence of two opposite forces of equal strength: With higher inequality, a person perceives the costs of environmental damage as a private problem, thereby his/her willingness to contribute to the protection of the environment rises. On the other hand, with higher inequality, the willingness to contribute is less enhanced by a norm of contributing to environmental sustainability.","PeriodicalId":44903,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Economics and Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41366235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-08DOI: 10.1080/21606544.2021.1938688
D. Fujiwara, R. Houston, K. Keohane, C. Maxwell, I. van Emmerik
ABSTRACT This study uses the wellbeing valuation method to monetise the association between water flooding or roadworks incidents and subjective wellbeing for customers served by Anglian Water in the UK. Using this method, we find that the estimated wellbeing cost per incident for flooding is considerably higher than for roadworks, that internal sewer flooding is associated with a higher wellbeing cost per property than external sewer flooding, and that internal water flooding has a lower estimated wellbeing cost per property than internal sewer flooding. The findings were used in Anglian Water’s 2019 Price Review (PR19) business planning. By providing a wellbeing valuation for events that have also been studied through stated preference models, this research also provides a case study for comparing the differences in results between the two valuation methodologies.
{"title":"Applying the wellbeing valuation method to value the costs of roadworks and flooding","authors":"D. Fujiwara, R. Houston, K. Keohane, C. Maxwell, I. van Emmerik","doi":"10.1080/21606544.2021.1938688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21606544.2021.1938688","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study uses the wellbeing valuation method to monetise the association between water flooding or roadworks incidents and subjective wellbeing for customers served by Anglian Water in the UK. Using this method, we find that the estimated wellbeing cost per incident for flooding is considerably higher than for roadworks, that internal sewer flooding is associated with a higher wellbeing cost per property than external sewer flooding, and that internal water flooding has a lower estimated wellbeing cost per property than internal sewer flooding. The findings were used in Anglian Water’s 2019 Price Review (PR19) business planning. By providing a wellbeing valuation for events that have also been studied through stated preference models, this research also provides a case study for comparing the differences in results between the two valuation methodologies.","PeriodicalId":44903,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Economics and Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2021-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42497683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-05DOI: 10.1080/21606544.2021.1971114
Baoubadi Atozou, Stéphane Bergeron, M. Doyon, L. Tamini
ABSTRACT Previous meta-analyses examined hypothetical bias studies with the aim of identifying characteristics of stated preference (SP) design that potentially reduce hypothetical bias. However, previous meta-analyses combined observations for both public and private goods in their models. In this paper, we argue that eliciting values for public and private goods should be considered in separate models. Individuals’ behaviours, the choice of mechanism and the efficiency of mitigation techniques are specific to each type of good. Separating the models should allow more precise model specification and better identification of design effects. With two meta-regressions hierarchical mixed-effect models we provide the first meta-analysis for public and private goods separately. This approach provides specific information regarding SP design and better insight into the efficiency of mitigation techniques to reduce hypothetical bias.
{"title":"Improving meta-analyses on hypothetical bias by using separate models for private and public goods","authors":"Baoubadi Atozou, Stéphane Bergeron, M. Doyon, L. Tamini","doi":"10.1080/21606544.2021.1971114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21606544.2021.1971114","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Previous meta-analyses examined hypothetical bias studies with the aim of identifying characteristics of stated preference (SP) design that potentially reduce hypothetical bias. However, previous meta-analyses combined observations for both public and private goods in their models. In this paper, we argue that eliciting values for public and private goods should be considered in separate models. Individuals’ behaviours, the choice of mechanism and the efficiency of mitigation techniques are specific to each type of good. Separating the models should allow more precise model specification and better identification of design effects. With two meta-regressions hierarchical mixed-effect models we provide the first meta-analysis for public and private goods separately. This approach provides specific information regarding SP design and better insight into the efficiency of mitigation techniques to reduce hypothetical bias.","PeriodicalId":44903,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Economics and Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2021-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47906113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-20DOI: 10.1080/21606544.2021.1955749
M. Aubert, G. Enjolras
ABSTRACT This paper studies the intensive and extensive effects of European subsidies on pesticide expenditures at the farm level. Intensive effects refer to the relative value of pesticide expenditures to sales, while extensive effects consider acreage effects. Our approach is original insofar as we consider the consequences of EU policies at the farm level. The analysis relies on the French Farm Accountancy Data Network database from 2007 to 2015 which provides detailed information on farm structure and accounting. The influence of subsidies on pesticide expenditures is measured through a simultaneous equation model using panel data. Even if the aggregate value of EU subsidies does not seem to influence pesticide expenditures, each of the pillars has for its part a significant influence: the 1st pillar contributes to increasing pesticide expenditures, while the 2nd pillar leads to decreasing pesticide expenditures, except for subsidies to crop insurance policies. Overall subsidies and subsidies from the 1st pillar have also a significant and positive impact on farm acreage. The very contrasting effect of European subsidies on pesticide expenditures thus questions the effectiveness of public policies towards the issue of environmentally friendly practices.
{"title":"Intensive and extensive impacts of EU subsidies on pesticide expenditures at the farm level","authors":"M. Aubert, G. Enjolras","doi":"10.1080/21606544.2021.1955749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21606544.2021.1955749","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper studies the intensive and extensive effects of European subsidies on pesticide expenditures at the farm level. Intensive effects refer to the relative value of pesticide expenditures to sales, while extensive effects consider acreage effects. Our approach is original insofar as we consider the consequences of EU policies at the farm level. The analysis relies on the French Farm Accountancy Data Network database from 2007 to 2015 which provides detailed information on farm structure and accounting. The influence of subsidies on pesticide expenditures is measured through a simultaneous equation model using panel data. Even if the aggregate value of EU subsidies does not seem to influence pesticide expenditures, each of the pillars has for its part a significant influence: the 1st pillar contributes to increasing pesticide expenditures, while the 2nd pillar leads to decreasing pesticide expenditures, except for subsidies to crop insurance policies. Overall subsidies and subsidies from the 1st pillar have also a significant and positive impact on farm acreage. The very contrasting effect of European subsidies on pesticide expenditures thus questions the effectiveness of public policies towards the issue of environmentally friendly practices.","PeriodicalId":44903,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Economics and Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2021-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45622921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-06DOI: 10.1080/21606544.2021.1962412
Novice Patrick Bakehe
ABSTRACT Insufficient access to modern forms of energy is an important issue for development. This has made the concept of energy poverty to be widely discussed. There is a consensus on the fact that energy poverty has serious effects on health, education, and other socio-economic aspects of individuals. However, the measurement of energy poverty and its effects on labour force participation is generally absent or inaccurate especially at the micro-economic level in developing countries. The objective of this study is therefore to analyse the relationship between energy poverty, respiratory health and participation in the labour market. The data comes from the fourth Cameroon household survey carried out in 2014. The trivariate recursive probit model shows that energy poverty increases the risk of respiratory illnesses and that these illnesses have a negative effect on the labour force participation, especially for women.
{"title":"Energy poverty: consequences for respiratory health and labour force participation in Cameroon","authors":"Novice Patrick Bakehe","doi":"10.1080/21606544.2021.1962412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21606544.2021.1962412","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Insufficient access to modern forms of energy is an important issue for development. This has made the concept of energy poverty to be widely discussed. There is a consensus on the fact that energy poverty has serious effects on health, education, and other socio-economic aspects of individuals. However, the measurement of energy poverty and its effects on labour force participation is generally absent or inaccurate especially at the micro-economic level in developing countries. The objective of this study is therefore to analyse the relationship between energy poverty, respiratory health and participation in the labour market. The data comes from the fourth Cameroon household survey carried out in 2014. The trivariate recursive probit model shows that energy poverty increases the risk of respiratory illnesses and that these illnesses have a negative effect on the labour force participation, especially for women.","PeriodicalId":44903,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Economics and Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2021-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21606544.2021.1962412","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42385925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：