Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.1017/s0068113x22000514
{"title":"Proceedings of the Society for the Promotion of Roman Studies 2021–2022","authors":"","doi":"10.1017/s0068113x22000514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0068113x22000514","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44906,"journal":{"name":"Britannia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49156925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.1017/S0068113X22000447
O. Humphreys
mid-second century A.D., with activity continuing into mid-third century A.D. Cereals and flax have been cultivated, probably for export to Venta Icenorum (c. 11 km to the southwest). Roman ceramic building material including roof-tile indicates the presence of a nearby settlement which has yet to be identified. The farmstead thrived, and could afford imported fine pottery table wares, which may be due to the adoption of the crop ‘gold-of-pleasure’, evidence for which was gained from the barn structure and associated amphora.
{"title":"7. GREATER LONDON","authors":"O. Humphreys","doi":"10.1017/S0068113X22000447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0068113X22000447","url":null,"abstract":"mid-second century A.D., with activity continuing into mid-third century A.D. Cereals and flax have been cultivated, probably for export to Venta Icenorum (c. 11 km to the southwest). Roman ceramic building material including roof-tile indicates the presence of a nearby settlement which has yet to be identified. The farmstead thrived, and could afford imported fine pottery table wares, which may be due to the adoption of the crop ‘gold-of-pleasure’, evidence for which was gained from the barn structure and associated amphora.","PeriodicalId":44906,"journal":{"name":"Britannia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45026370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.1017/s0068113x22000459
J. Salvatore
(1) Cirencester, The Steadings (SP 021 001): an excavation 1.5 km to the southwest of the centre of the Roman city of Corinium Dobunorum identified two foci of activity, both of which correspond with remains known from a preceding evaluation, but with a greater density than anticipated. The first focus of activity was located on a rise in the topography in the north-east of the site, and centred on a trackway formed of two parallel ditches. The ditches entered the northern edge of the site on a broadly east–west alignment before turning to the south. Limited archaeological evidence was noted to the west of the trackway, but to the east a number of boundary ditches defined small enclosures and field boundaries. The best defined of these enclosed an area of approximately 1000 m with the enclosure itself measuring c. 35 m by 30 m. Only limited evidence for discrete features survived within the enclosure. An inhumation burial and 12 cremation burials were located by the southern end of one of the enclosure ditches. Artefactual evidence was fairly sparse, but pottery of Roman date, animal bone and iron objects (mainly nails) were recovered.
{"title":"8. SOUTH-WESTERN COUNTIES","authors":"J. Salvatore","doi":"10.1017/s0068113x22000459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0068113x22000459","url":null,"abstract":"(1) Cirencester, The Steadings (SP 021 001): an excavation 1.5 km to the southwest of the centre of the Roman city of Corinium Dobunorum identified two foci of activity, both of which correspond with remains known from a preceding evaluation, but with a greater density than anticipated. The first focus of activity was located on a rise in the topography in the north-east of the site, and centred on a trackway formed of two parallel ditches. The ditches entered the northern edge of the site on a broadly east–west alignment before turning to the south. Limited archaeological evidence was noted to the west of the trackway, but to the east a number of boundary ditches defined small enclosures and field boundaries. The best defined of these enclosed an area of approximately 1000 m with the enclosure itself measuring c. 35 m by 30 m. Only limited evidence for discrete features survived within the enclosure. An inhumation burial and 12 cremation burials were located by the southern end of one of the enclosure ditches. Artefactual evidence was fairly sparse, but pottery of Roman date, animal bone and iron objects (mainly nails) were recovered.","PeriodicalId":44906,"journal":{"name":"Britannia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46940837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.1017/S0068113X22000307
R. Shaffrey
Abstract Phallic imagery occurred throughout the Roman world and is most commonly found on small portable items such as amulets and pendants, and on buildings and structures. This paper details three Romano-British instances of phallic carvings found on millstones and one on a rotary quern. It assesses the style and positioning of the carvings in relation to the functional operation of the stones, reviews their contexts of recovery geographically and chronologically and considers the likely symbolism and meaning of the carvings.
{"title":"Meaning in Millstones: Phallic Imagery on Romano-British Millstones","authors":"R. Shaffrey","doi":"10.1017/S0068113X22000307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0068113X22000307","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Phallic imagery occurred throughout the Roman world and is most commonly found on small portable items such as amulets and pendants, and on buildings and structures. This paper details three Romano-British instances of phallic carvings found on millstones and one on a rotary quern. It assesses the style and positioning of the carvings in relation to the functional operation of the stones, reviews their contexts of recovery geographically and chronologically and considers the likely symbolism and meaning of the carvings.","PeriodicalId":44906,"journal":{"name":"Britannia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"57250996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.1017/S0068113X2200040X
A. Walås
(1) Birdoswald (Banna) (NY 615 633): two areas were excavated in the eastern extramural settlement outside the Hadrian’s Wall fort, the extent of which is known from previous geophysical survey.24 Area A measured 25 × 13 m and was positioned to locate and contextualise a building previously exposed briefly by Ian Richmond and interpreted as a signal tower.25 This building survived to 2 m in height, and steps led down to a semi-basement. To the north were further structures, part of a large complex identified in geophysical survey. A broad primary wall to a building east of the excavated area was abutted by an apsidal wall, the area between the walls being surfaced by regular flagstones. A stone bench-end was found laid on these flags. The wall of the apsidal structure was cut by a free-standing square stone building, floored with large slabs (FIG. 4). This building was associated with a bifurcated water-main; one branch broke through the walls of the apsidal structure, the other ran to the west of and parallel to the square building. The evidence comprised iron pipe-connecting rings (FIG. 5) set upright in narrow trenches. A thick and widespread deposit of soot and charcoal, together with box-flue tile fragments and spacer bobbins, suggest the very close proximity of the fort bath-house.
{"title":"ENGLAND 3. HADRIAN'S WALL","authors":"A. Walås","doi":"10.1017/S0068113X2200040X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0068113X2200040X","url":null,"abstract":"(1) Birdoswald (Banna) (NY 615 633): two areas were excavated in the eastern extramural settlement outside the Hadrian’s Wall fort, the extent of which is known from previous geophysical survey.24 Area A measured 25 × 13 m and was positioned to locate and contextualise a building previously exposed briefly by Ian Richmond and interpreted as a signal tower.25 This building survived to 2 m in height, and steps led down to a semi-basement. To the north were further structures, part of a large complex identified in geophysical survey. A broad primary wall to a building east of the excavated area was abutted by an apsidal wall, the area between the walls being surfaced by regular flagstones. A stone bench-end was found laid on these flags. The wall of the apsidal structure was cut by a free-standing square stone building, floored with large slabs (FIG. 4). This building was associated with a bifurcated water-main; one branch broke through the walls of the apsidal structure, the other ran to the west of and parallel to the square building. The evidence comprised iron pipe-connecting rings (FIG. 5) set upright in narrow trenches. A thick and widespread deposit of soot and charcoal, together with box-flue tile fragments and spacer bobbins, suggest the very close proximity of the fort bath-house.","PeriodicalId":44906,"journal":{"name":"Britannia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46647133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.1017/S0068113X22000423
A. Lyons
the top of the escarpment north of Staunton is on this alignment and seems to have been used by the Roman surveyors as a sighting point, since the alignment changes here to head north-west towards Ad Pontem. Heading north-west, there is no trace for 3 km, until faint remains of agger can be seen between SK 7872 4662 and SK 7854 4683 approaching the River Devon, aligned perfectly with the Stainton barrow. The agger can be picked up again north-west of the River Devon at SK 7826 4716 (FIG. 29) and traced intermittently for 1280 m almost as far as the Car Dyke SK 7826 4716, still on the same alignment. These features corroborate observations from the mid-twentieth century of a stony road through the fields discovered during deep ploughing, along with cropmarks seen on aerial photography (Nottinghamshire HER M1437), between SK 794 462 and SK 761 495. The alignment suggests that the road met the Fosse Way just south-west of the Ad Pontem settlement. There can now be little doubt that a Roman road ran between Ancaster and Ad Pontem on two alignments sharing a barrow north of Staunton as a sighting point. There are no traces on LiDAR of the two other roads previously suggested to have run to Long Bennington. The road has been awarded the number RR59(x).
{"title":"5. THE MIDLANDS","authors":"A. Lyons","doi":"10.1017/S0068113X22000423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0068113X22000423","url":null,"abstract":"the top of the escarpment north of Staunton is on this alignment and seems to have been used by the Roman surveyors as a sighting point, since the alignment changes here to head north-west towards Ad Pontem. Heading north-west, there is no trace for 3 km, until faint remains of agger can be seen between SK 7872 4662 and SK 7854 4683 approaching the River Devon, aligned perfectly with the Stainton barrow. The agger can be picked up again north-west of the River Devon at SK 7826 4716 (FIG. 29) and traced intermittently for 1280 m almost as far as the Car Dyke SK 7826 4716, still on the same alignment. These features corroborate observations from the mid-twentieth century of a stony road through the fields discovered during deep ploughing, along with cropmarks seen on aerial photography (Nottinghamshire HER M1437), between SK 794 462 and SK 761 495. The alignment suggests that the road met the Fosse Way just south-west of the Ad Pontem settlement. There can now be little doubt that a Roman road ran between Ancaster and Ad Pontem on two alignments sharing a barrow north of Staunton as a sighting point. There are no traces on LiDAR of the two other roads previously suggested to have run to Long Bennington. The road has been awarded the number RR59(x).","PeriodicalId":44906,"journal":{"name":"Britannia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46739038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.1017/s0068113x22000502
{"title":"BRI volume 53 Cover and Back matter","authors":"","doi":"10.1017/s0068113x22000502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0068113x22000502","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44906,"journal":{"name":"Britannia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42652821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.1017/s0068113x22000472
O. Humphreys
Roman villa (National Heritage List entry 1002433). The villa had previously produced a number of tessellated pavements, including one of Christ with a Chi-Rho symbol now housed at the British Museum.126 The trenches revealed that, although the room containing the Christ mosaic was probably part of a larger masonry building, there was no evidence that this was a Romano-British courtyard ‘villa’ as previously proposed.127 Other buildings in the mosaic’s immediate vicinity were confirmed as Romano-British, but these were relatively unsophisticated and were more likely to have had agricultural functions. There was very little evidence for occupation prior to A.D. 300 and the site seems to have been occupied until the end of the fourth or into the early fifth century.128 Initial post-excavation work has been completed, the results of which are available.129
{"title":"9.2. SOUTHERN COUNTIES (EAST)","authors":"O. Humphreys","doi":"10.1017/s0068113x22000472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0068113x22000472","url":null,"abstract":"Roman villa (National Heritage List entry 1002433). The villa had previously produced a number of tessellated pavements, including one of Christ with a Chi-Rho symbol now housed at the British Museum.126 The trenches revealed that, although the room containing the Christ mosaic was probably part of a larger masonry building, there was no evidence that this was a Romano-British courtyard ‘villa’ as previously proposed.127 Other buildings in the mosaic’s immediate vicinity were confirmed as Romano-British, but these were relatively unsophisticated and were more likely to have had agricultural functions. There was very little evidence for occupation prior to A.D. 300 and the site seems to have been occupied until the end of the fourth or into the early fifth century.128 Initial post-excavation work has been completed, the results of which are available.129","PeriodicalId":44906,"journal":{"name":"Britannia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47179207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.1017/s0068113x22000393
F. Hunter
(2) Portskewett, land off Crick Lane (ST 4937 8842): a watching-brief identified two small enclosures on the west side of the site along with numerous other features outside the enclosures. These included multiple pits, linear gullies and four post-holes, which unfortunately do not seem to form any meaningful structural footprint. The enclosures both extended beyond the limit of excavation, but enclosed a visible area of 600 m and 270 m respectively. The features observed were characteristically late Prehistoric or Romano-British in form, but most produced little dating evidence. A substantial amount of pottery was, however, recovered from one of the enclosure ditches, with a more modest sample recovered from the other. Preliminarily spot dates were Roman.4
{"title":"2. SCOTLAND","authors":"F. Hunter","doi":"10.1017/s0068113x22000393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0068113x22000393","url":null,"abstract":"(2) Portskewett, land off Crick Lane (ST 4937 8842): a watching-brief identified two small enclosures on the west side of the site along with numerous other features outside the enclosures. These included multiple pits, linear gullies and four post-holes, which unfortunately do not seem to form any meaningful structural footprint. The enclosures both extended beyond the limit of excavation, but enclosed a visible area of 600 m and 270 m respectively. The features observed were characteristically late Prehistoric or Romano-British in form, but most produced little dating evidence. A substantial amount of pottery was, however, recovered from one of the enclosure ditches, with a more modest sample recovered from the other. Preliminarily spot dates were Roman.4","PeriodicalId":44906,"journal":{"name":"Britannia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49282054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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