Pub Date : 2023-08-11eCollection Date: 2023-07-01DOI: 10.4103/tjo.TJO-D-23-00052
Bilge Batu Oto, Yeşim Tok, Oğuzhan Kılıçarslan, Ahmet Mert Kuşkucu, Hüseyin Yetik
Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the incidence of conjunctival and pharyngeal swab sample positivity of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in asymptomatic preterm and term infants. We aimed to detect asymptomatic carrier potential in infants.
Materials and methods: Patients screened for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) at our clinic between January and June 2021 were recruited for this study. For all study cases, the previous history of possible exposure or contact with SARS-CoV-2, previous history of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), or contact with any COVID-19 case was excluded. None of the patients showed signs of COVID-19 during sample collection. Pharyngeal and conjunctival swab samples were collected before the ophthalmic examination. Nucleic acid isolation from the samples was performed using an automated system. The presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the samples was screened using a real-time polymerase chain reaction kit, and the positive samples were re-evaluated for the variant virus.
Results: Among the 127 patients with a median age of 40 weeks (range: 34-86) of postmenstrual age, positivity for SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the pharyngeal and conjunctival samples was 5/127 (3.93%) and 3/127 (2.36%), respectively. Isolated conjunctival positivity was not observed in any of the patients, and all three patients were positive for both conjunctiva and pharynx.
Conclusion: Asymptomatic infants may be a reservoir for SARS-CoV-2, and conjunctival infection in infants may be a source of virus transmission. Since ROP screening cannot be postponed during the pandemic, caution should be exercised to prevent the spread of the disease.
{"title":"The asymptomatic ocular surface reservoir of coronavirus disease-19 in infants and retinopathy of prematurity screening during the pandemic.","authors":"Bilge Batu Oto, Yeşim Tok, Oğuzhan Kılıçarslan, Ahmet Mert Kuşkucu, Hüseyin Yetik","doi":"10.4103/tjo.TJO-D-23-00052","DOIUrl":"10.4103/tjo.TJO-D-23-00052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the incidence of conjunctival and pharyngeal swab sample positivity of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in asymptomatic preterm and term infants. We aimed to detect asymptomatic carrier potential in infants.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Patients screened for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) at our clinic between January and June 2021 were recruited for this study. For all study cases, the previous history of possible exposure or contact with SARS-CoV-2, previous history of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), or contact with any COVID-19 case was excluded. None of the patients showed signs of COVID-19 during sample collection. Pharyngeal and conjunctival swab samples were collected before the ophthalmic examination. Nucleic acid isolation from the samples was performed using an automated system. The presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the samples was screened using a real-time polymerase chain reaction kit, and the positive samples were re-evaluated for the variant virus.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 127 patients with a median age of 40 weeks (range: 34-86) of postmenstrual age, positivity for SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the pharyngeal and conjunctival samples was 5/127 (3.93%) and 3/127 (2.36%), respectively. Isolated conjunctival positivity was not observed in any of the patients, and all three patients were positive for both conjunctiva and pharynx.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Asymptomatic infants may be a reservoir for SARS-CoV-2, and conjunctival infection in infants may be a source of virus transmission. Since ROP screening cannot be postponed during the pandemic, caution should be exercised to prevent the spread of the disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":44978,"journal":{"name":"Taiwan Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"13 1","pages":"323-328"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10712754/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42619617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-09eCollection Date: 2023-10-01DOI: 10.4103/tjo.TJO-D-23-00034
Arif O Khan
Axenfeld-Rieger spectrum is a range of anterior segment dysgenesis (ASD) phenotypes often related to heterozygous pathogenic variants in the ocular transcription factor genes FOXC1 or PITX2. Microcornea with myopic chorioretinal atrophy, a less common ASD, is distinct, recognizable, and secondary to biallelic pathogenic variants in the metalloproteinase gene ADAMTS18. This report describes the case of a boy with ADAMTS18-related ASD that was mistaken for Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome and highlights distinguishing features.
{"title":"<i>ADAMTS18</i>-related anterior segment dysgenesis mistaken as Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome.","authors":"Arif O Khan","doi":"10.4103/tjo.TJO-D-23-00034","DOIUrl":"10.4103/tjo.TJO-D-23-00034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Axenfeld-Rieger spectrum is a range of anterior segment dysgenesis (ASD) phenotypes often related to heterozygous pathogenic variants in the ocular transcription factor genes <i>FOXC1</i> or <i>PITX2</i>. Microcornea with myopic chorioretinal atrophy, a less common ASD, is distinct, recognizable, and secondary to biallelic pathogenic variants in the metalloproteinase gene <i>ADAMTS18</i>. This report describes the case of a boy with <i>ADAMTS18</i>-related ASD that was mistaken for Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome and highlights distinguishing features.</p>","PeriodicalId":44978,"journal":{"name":"Taiwan Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"13 4","pages":"540-542"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10798388/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139513962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-04eCollection Date: 2023-07-01DOI: 10.4103/tjo.TJO-D-23-00023
Jehan Fauzi Rakhmandani, Indra Tri Mahayana, Felicia Widyaputri, Reny Setyowati, Agus Supartoto, Yohanes Widodo Wirohadidjojo, Suhardjo Pawiroranu
Purpose: To assess the change of interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in tears and ocular clinical parameters in corneal ulcer patients with moderate-to-severe infection after adjunctive therapy with platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) lysate-eyedrops compared with autologous serum eyedrops.
Materials and methods: This study was a randomized double-blind controlled trial, which compared two groups of patients at Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta. A total of 42 patients (42 eyes) were divided into the control group (21 patients) and the intervention group (21 patients). All patients received antibacterial/antifungal therapy based on the etiology, and an adjunctive eyedrop therapy: autologous serum eyedrops for the control group and PRF lysate eyedrops for the intervention group. The IL-6 levels and clinical changes in patients, such as the area of corneal defects, pericorneal injection, and the level of blepharospasm were measured at the baseline, day 6, and day 13 after starting the treatment.
Results: Compared to baseline, the mean IL-6 level in day 13 decreased by 426.6 ± 665.4 pg/ml (P = 0.005) and 1283.7 ± 1569.1 pg/ml (P = 0.079) in the intervention and control groups, respectively. However, the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant (P = 0.164). In term of corneal defect area, there was a significant decrease at day 6 and day 13 in both groups but there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in all time points. Similarly, the proportion of blepharospasm and pericorneal injection severity appeared to improve especially on day 13 in both groups but were not statistically different between the two.
Conclusion: There was a statistically significant decrease in IL-6 levels in the tears in patient using PRF lysate, but there was no significant difference when compared to those using autologous serum. The difference in defect area, degree of blepharospasm, and pericorneal injection was not statistically significant between the two treatment options.
{"title":"Decreased levels of interleukin-6 level in tears and clinical changes in subjects with moderate-to-severe infection corneal ulcers treated with platelet-rich fibrin lysate eye drops.","authors":"Jehan Fauzi Rakhmandani, Indra Tri Mahayana, Felicia Widyaputri, Reny Setyowati, Agus Supartoto, Yohanes Widodo Wirohadidjojo, Suhardjo Pawiroranu","doi":"10.4103/tjo.TJO-D-23-00023","DOIUrl":"10.4103/tjo.TJO-D-23-00023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To assess the change of interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in tears and ocular clinical parameters in corneal ulcer patients with moderate-to-severe infection after adjunctive therapy with platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) lysate-eyedrops compared with autologous serum eyedrops.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This study was a randomized double-blind controlled trial, which compared two groups of patients at Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta. A total of 42 patients (42 eyes) were divided into the control group (21 patients) and the intervention group (21 patients). All patients received antibacterial/antifungal therapy based on the etiology, and an adjunctive eyedrop therapy: autologous serum eyedrops for the control group and PRF lysate eyedrops for the intervention group. The IL-6 levels and clinical changes in patients, such as the area of corneal defects, pericorneal injection, and the level of blepharospasm were measured at the baseline, day 6, and day 13 after starting the treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to baseline, the mean IL-6 level in day 13 decreased by 426.6 ± 665.4 pg/ml (<i>P</i> = 0.005) and 1283.7 ± 1569.1 pg/ml (<i>P</i> = 0.079) in the intervention and control groups, respectively. However, the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant (<i>P</i> = 0.164). In term of corneal defect area, there was a significant decrease at day 6 and day 13 in both groups but there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in all time points. Similarly, the proportion of blepharospasm and pericorneal injection severity appeared to improve especially on day 13 in both groups but were not statistically different between the two.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There was a statistically significant decrease in IL-6 levels in the tears in patient using PRF lysate, but there was no significant difference when compared to those using autologous serum. The difference in defect area, degree of blepharospasm, and pericorneal injection was not statistically significant between the two treatment options.</p>","PeriodicalId":44978,"journal":{"name":"Taiwan Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"13 1","pages":"317-322"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10712745/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46529866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-04eCollection Date: 2023-10-01DOI: 10.4103/tjo.TJO-D-23-00027
Chavisa Bunyavee, Kornwipa Hemarat
Purpose: The postnatal growth and retinopathy of prematurity (G-ROP), retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) predictive model, was developed in North America with high sensitivity and fewer infants examined. This study aimed to validate this model in Thai infants by assessing sensitivity and comparing it to the current American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO) screening guideline.
Materials and methods: The records of infants screened for ROP were retrospectively reviewed from 2015 to 2020. G-ROP model was applied to calculate sensitivity for prethreshold type 1 and 2 ROP and the reduction of the number of infants examined.
Results: Of 129 infants screened, there were 102 infants who met G-ROP criteria. The mean gestational age at birth was 29.7 ± 2.7 weeks. The mean birth weight was 1177.8 ± 401.3 g. Both G-ROP and AAO detected prethreshold type 1 ROP in 24 of 24 infants (sensitivity, 100%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 85.8%-100%). Furthermore, they detected all four infants prethreshold type 2 ROP with 100% of sensitivity (95% CI, 39.8-100.0). The reduction in infants receiving examinations using G-ROP was 20.9%.
Conclusions: G-ROP model provided high sensitivity and lessen unnecessary examinations for ROP screening in Thai infants.
{"title":"Accuracy of the postnatal growth and retinopathy of prematurity screening criteria in predicting prethreshold retinopathy of prematurity in the tertiary hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.","authors":"Chavisa Bunyavee, Kornwipa Hemarat","doi":"10.4103/tjo.TJO-D-23-00027","DOIUrl":"10.4103/tjo.TJO-D-23-00027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The postnatal growth and retinopathy of prematurity (G-ROP), retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) predictive model, was developed in North America with high sensitivity and fewer infants examined. This study aimed to validate this model in Thai infants by assessing sensitivity and comparing it to the current American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO) screening guideline.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The records of infants screened for ROP were retrospectively reviewed from 2015 to 2020. G-ROP model was applied to calculate sensitivity for prethreshold type 1 and 2 ROP and the reduction of the number of infants examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 129 infants screened, there were 102 infants who met G-ROP criteria. The mean gestational age at birth was 29.7 ± 2.7 weeks. The mean birth weight was 1177.8 ± 401.3 g. Both G-ROP and AAO detected prethreshold type 1 ROP in 24 of 24 infants (sensitivity, 100%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 85.8%-100%). Furthermore, they detected all four infants prethreshold type 2 ROP with 100% of sensitivity (95% CI, 39.8-100.0). The reduction in infants receiving examinations using G-ROP was 20.9%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>G-ROP model provided high sensitivity and lessen unnecessary examinations for ROP screening in Thai infants.</p>","PeriodicalId":44978,"journal":{"name":"Taiwan Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"13 4","pages":"535-539"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10798389/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139513981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-04eCollection Date: 2023-07-01DOI: 10.4103/tjo.TJO-D-23-00067
Sang Beom Han
The ability of the femtosecond laser (FSL) to create tissue incisions at desired depth and location with minimal collateral damage to surrounding tissue may offer potential advantages for corneal transplantation surgery. FSL may enable the precise and accurate preparation of both donor and recipient tissue, which can potentially result in enhanced wound integrity, facilitation of wound healing, and improved visual outcomes. Many studies have suggested that FSL may be a viable option in various corneal transplantation procedures, such as, penetrating keratoplasty, anterior lamellar keratoplasty, endothelial keratoplasty, and novel techniques, including Bowman layer transplantation and stromal lenticule addition keratoplasty. In this review, the author presents a brief overview on the application of FSL in various corneal transplantation procedures and discusses the results of studies regarding the safety and efficacy of FSL-assisted corneal transplantation procedures.
{"title":"Advantages of femtosecond laser in various corneal transplantation procedures: A narrative literature review.","authors":"Sang Beom Han","doi":"10.4103/tjo.TJO-D-23-00067","DOIUrl":"10.4103/tjo.TJO-D-23-00067","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The ability of the femtosecond laser (FSL) to create tissue incisions at desired depth and location with minimal collateral damage to surrounding tissue may offer potential advantages for corneal transplantation surgery. FSL may enable the precise and accurate preparation of both donor and recipient tissue, which can potentially result in enhanced wound integrity, facilitation of wound healing, and improved visual outcomes. Many studies have suggested that FSL may be a viable option in various corneal transplantation procedures, such as, penetrating keratoplasty, anterior lamellar keratoplasty, endothelial keratoplasty, and novel techniques, including Bowman layer transplantation and stromal lenticule addition keratoplasty. In this review, the author presents a brief overview on the application of FSL in various corneal transplantation procedures and discusses the results of studies regarding the safety and efficacy of FSL-assisted corneal transplantation procedures.</p>","PeriodicalId":44978,"journal":{"name":"Taiwan Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"13 1","pages":"265-273"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10712757/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49550310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-03eCollection Date: 2023-07-01DOI: 10.4103/tjo.TJO-D-23-00042
Xian Hui Lim, Moushmi Patil, Jodhbir S Mehta
We present a novel use of femtosecond laser to treat capsular block syndrome (CBS) in a patient with dense opaque capsular block, who presented 16 years postcataract surgery. The extensive posterior capsular distension and densely opaque, milky fluid trapped behind the intraocular lens (IOL) prevented the use of neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd: YAG) laser posterior capsulotomy as primary treatment. Intra-operative optical coherence tomography enabled visualization of the posterior capsule and iris hooks were used to increase the pupillary diameter to enable femtosecond laser-assisted posterior capsulotomy to be performed in a minimally invasive technique. CBS was relieved successfully and Nd: YAG laser performed subsequently to remove residual posterior capsule opacification safely and with good visual outcomes. This method avoids risks associated with posterior vitrectomies and compromised IOL stability from inadvertent capsular bag damage, and adds to the expanding uses of femtosecond laser technology.
{"title":"Femtosecond laser-assisted posterior capsulotomy for the treatment of capsular block syndrome.","authors":"Xian Hui Lim, Moushmi Patil, Jodhbir S Mehta","doi":"10.4103/tjo.TJO-D-23-00042","DOIUrl":"10.4103/tjo.TJO-D-23-00042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present a novel use of femtosecond laser to treat capsular block syndrome (CBS) in a patient with dense opaque capsular block, who presented 16 years postcataract surgery. The extensive posterior capsular distension and densely opaque, milky fluid trapped behind the intraocular lens (IOL) prevented the use of neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd: YAG) laser posterior capsulotomy as primary treatment. Intra-operative optical coherence tomography enabled visualization of the posterior capsule and iris hooks were used to increase the pupillary diameter to enable femtosecond laser-assisted posterior capsulotomy to be performed in a minimally invasive technique. CBS was relieved successfully and Nd: YAG laser performed subsequently to remove residual posterior capsule opacification safely and with good visual outcomes. This method avoids risks associated with posterior vitrectomies and compromised IOL stability from inadvertent capsular bag damage, and adds to the expanding uses of femtosecond laser technology.</p>","PeriodicalId":44978,"journal":{"name":"Taiwan Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"13 1","pages":"371-375"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10712758/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46110698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-03eCollection Date: 2024-07-01DOI: 10.4103/tjo.TJO-D-23-00047
Ivan Goldberg
Advances in technology have empowered patients to seek health information and to self-diagnose online. They do so, increasingly. Instead of shying away from patients' online-gained health information, clinicians can use it to fuel discussion, answer their questions, and, thereby, reinforce the all-important doctor-patient therapeutic alliance. Through patient-centered communication, clinicians can increase patient trust and generate better health outcomes.
{"title":"Dr. Google will see you now: But will he make you sick?","authors":"Ivan Goldberg","doi":"10.4103/tjo.TJO-D-23-00047","DOIUrl":"10.4103/tjo.TJO-D-23-00047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Advances in technology have empowered patients to seek health information and to self-diagnose online. They do so, increasingly. Instead of shying away from patients' online-gained health information, clinicians can use it to fuel discussion, answer their questions, and, thereby, reinforce the all-important doctor-patient therapeutic alliance. Through patient-centered communication, clinicians can increase patient trust and generate better health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":44978,"journal":{"name":"Taiwan Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"14 3","pages":"371-375"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11488815/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142477198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-28eCollection Date: 2024-07-01DOI: 10.4103/tjo.TJO-D-23-00068
Jo-Hsuan Wu, Shan Lin, Sasan Moghimi
Ophthalmology has been at the forefront of the medical application of big data. Often harnessed with a machine learning approach, big data has demonstrated potential to transform ophthalmic care, as evidenced by prior success on clinical tasks such as the screening of ophthalmic diseases and lesions via retinal images. With the recent establishment of various large ophthalmic datasets, there has been greater interest in determining whether the benefits of big data may extend to the downstream process of ophthalmic disease management. An area of substantial investigation has been the use of big data to help guide or streamline management of glaucoma, which remains a leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. In this review, we summarize relevant studies utilizing big data and discuss the application of the findings in the risk assessment and treatment of glaucoma.
{"title":"Big data to guide glaucoma treatment.","authors":"Jo-Hsuan Wu, Shan Lin, Sasan Moghimi","doi":"10.4103/tjo.TJO-D-23-00068","DOIUrl":"10.4103/tjo.TJO-D-23-00068","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ophthalmology has been at the forefront of the medical application of big data. Often harnessed with a machine learning approach, big data has demonstrated potential to transform ophthalmic care, as evidenced by prior success on clinical tasks such as the screening of ophthalmic diseases and lesions via retinal images. With the recent establishment of various large ophthalmic datasets, there has been greater interest in determining whether the benefits of big data may extend to the downstream process of ophthalmic disease management. An area of substantial investigation has been the use of big data to help guide or streamline management of glaucoma, which remains a leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. In this review, we summarize relevant studies utilizing big data and discuss the application of the findings in the risk assessment and treatment of glaucoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":44978,"journal":{"name":"Taiwan Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"14 3","pages":"333-339"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11488808/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142477195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-18eCollection Date: 2023-10-01DOI: 10.4103/tjo.TJO-D-23-00062
Diego I Paredes, Jenina E Capasso, Celeste S Wyman, Alex V Levin
The anterior segment dysgeneses are a broad group of heterogeneous disorders characterized by developmental abnormalities of the anterior segment of the eye, including primary congenital aphakia, Peters sequence, aniridia, and Axenfeld-Rieger spectrum. These conditions can have overlapping phenotypes and both genotypic and phenotypic heterogeneity. This article provides a strategy for both phenotyping and then genotyping using a targeted stepwise approach.
{"title":"Genetics of the anterior segment dysgenesis.","authors":"Diego I Paredes, Jenina E Capasso, Celeste S Wyman, Alex V Levin","doi":"10.4103/tjo.TJO-D-23-00062","DOIUrl":"10.4103/tjo.TJO-D-23-00062","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The anterior segment dysgeneses are a broad group of heterogeneous disorders characterized by developmental abnormalities of the anterior segment of the eye, including primary congenital aphakia, Peters sequence, aniridia, and Axenfeld-Rieger spectrum. These conditions can have overlapping phenotypes and both genotypic and phenotypic heterogeneity. This article provides a strategy for both phenotyping and then genotyping using a targeted stepwise approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":44978,"journal":{"name":"Taiwan Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"13 4","pages":"500-504"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10798390/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139514026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to report the clinical characteristics of macular telangiectasia type 2 (MacTel 2) in Taiwan.
Materials and methods: Retrospective analysis of patients diagnosed with MacTel 2 over a 7-year period in Changhua Christian Hospital. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), fundus photography, fluorescein angiography, optical coherence tomography (OCT), and OCT angiography (OCTA) images were reviewed. Differences in BCVA and central macular thickness (CMT) were compared between the initial/baseline and final visits. The staging was performed according to the Gass and Blodi classification and OCTA.
Results: There were 38 eyes in 19 patients were collected (Male: Female = 5:14). The mean age at diagnosis was 65.90 ± 8.26 years and the follow-up duration was 39.26 ± 28.31 months. All patients had both eyes affected, and eight of the 19 patients had a history of diabetes mellitus (DM). The mean initial logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) BCVA was 0.40 ± 0.31 and the mean final logMAR BCVA was 0.61 ± 0.53. Difference of BCVA equal or more than two lines between both eyes was noted in 63.1% (12 of 19) of patients at the initial visit and in 78.9% (15 of 19) of patients at the final follow-up. The mean CMT was 224.42 ± 38.50 μm at baseline and 222.05 ± 40.27 μm at the final visit. OCT illustrated macular hole in three eyes of three patients. At the final follow-up, retinal-choroidal anastomosis was noted in 17 eyes. Subretinal neovascularization (SRNV) was not present in any eye.
Conclusion: Bilateral involvement, asymmetrical BCVA in both eyes, low incidence of SRNV, and high prevalence of DM were characteristics of patients of MacTel 2 in Taiwan.
{"title":"Clinical features of macular telangiectasia type 2 and comparison of staging system in Taiwanese patients.","authors":"Yan-Yu Chen, Yi-Ling Chen, Jian-Sheng Wu, San-Ni Chen","doi":"10.4103/tjo.TJO-D-22-00154","DOIUrl":"10.4103/tjo.TJO-D-22-00154","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study is to report the clinical characteristics of macular telangiectasia type 2 (MacTel 2) in Taiwan.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Retrospective analysis of patients diagnosed with MacTel 2 over a 7-year period in Changhua Christian Hospital. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), fundus photography, fluorescein angiography, optical coherence tomography (OCT), and OCT angiography (OCTA) images were reviewed. Differences in BCVA and central macular thickness (CMT) were compared between the initial/baseline and final visits. The staging was performed according to the Gass and Blodi classification and OCTA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 38 eyes in 19 patients were collected (Male: Female = 5:14). The mean age at diagnosis was 65.90 ± 8.26 years and the follow-up duration was 39.26 ± 28.31 months. All patients had both eyes affected, and eight of the 19 patients had a history of diabetes mellitus (DM). The mean initial logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) BCVA was 0.40 ± 0.31 and the mean final logMAR BCVA was 0.61 ± 0.53. Difference of BCVA equal or more than two lines between both eyes was noted in 63.1% (12 of 19) of patients at the initial visit and in 78.9% (15 of 19) of patients at the final follow-up. The mean CMT was 224.42 ± 38.50 μm at baseline and 222.05 ± 40.27 μm at the final visit. OCT illustrated macular hole in three eyes of three patients. At the final follow-up, retinal-choroidal anastomosis was noted in 17 eyes. Subretinal neovascularization (SRNV) was not present in any eye.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Bilateral involvement, asymmetrical BCVA in both eyes, low incidence of SRNV, and high prevalence of DM were characteristics of patients of MacTel 2 in Taiwan.</p>","PeriodicalId":44978,"journal":{"name":"Taiwan Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"13 1","pages":"346-352"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10712746/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47371960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}