Pub Date : 2021-05-21DOI: 10.1080/17460263.2021.1927810
Jörg Krieger, Austin Duckworth
ABSTRACT Sport scholars have increasingly explored the institutional history of international governing bodies of sport in recent years. Some sports, however, have received little attention. Handball is one of them. Despite handball’s modern impact and its global governing body, relatively little is known about the history of its governing body, the International Handball Federation (IHF) and the attempts to govern handball internationally. The following article traces the history of the first governing body of handball, the International Amateur Handball Federation (IAHF). Dissolved following the Second World War, the story of the IAHF has previously received scant attention from international scholars. By tracing the history of the IAHF, this article argues that sport administrators, including those within Nazi Germany, manipulated the IAHF to support their personal goals.
{"title":"Annexation or fertile inclusion? The origins of handball’s international organisational structures","authors":"Jörg Krieger, Austin Duckworth","doi":"10.1080/17460263.2021.1927810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17460263.2021.1927810","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Sport scholars have increasingly explored the institutional history of international governing bodies of sport in recent years. Some sports, however, have received little attention. Handball is one of them. Despite handball’s modern impact and its global governing body, relatively little is known about the history of its governing body, the International Handball Federation (IHF) and the attempts to govern handball internationally. The following article traces the history of the first governing body of handball, the International Amateur Handball Federation (IAHF). Dissolved following the Second World War, the story of the IAHF has previously received scant attention from international scholars. By tracing the history of the IAHF, this article argues that sport administrators, including those within Nazi Germany, manipulated the IAHF to support their personal goals.","PeriodicalId":44984,"journal":{"name":"Sport in History","volume":"42 1","pages":"235 - 256"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17460263.2021.1927810","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45213979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-20DOI: 10.1080/17460263.2021.1931420
A. Mcdougall
ABSTRACT In July 1974, Bill Shankly, the charismatic manager of Liverpool FC, surprised the football world by announcing his retirement. During fifteen years in charge, Shankly revolutionised LFC, transforming a second-tier outfit into one of Europe's best teams. His impact on the city of Liverpool was equally profound. At times in the 1960s, Shankly's popularity eclipsed even that of the Beatles. His retirement, wrote one supporter, felt like ‘the end of the world’. It triggered a public outpouring of grief, well wishes, and reminiscences. Based on previously unpublished material from the Shankly Family Archive, this essay examines the history, or histories, of the correspondence sent to Bill Shankly in the summer of 1974. Using three approaches – gender history, the history of emotions, and transnational history – it highlights under-explored aspects of football's rootedness in everyday life: female fandom, male sentimentality, and the first stirrings of Liverpool's international popularity. In Bill Shankly's football republic, collective identity was rooted in civic pride, but crossed age, class, gender, and national lines.
{"title":"‘This heart-rending and world-shattering news’: gender, emotion, and transnationalism in the Bill Shankly retirement letters","authors":"A. Mcdougall","doi":"10.1080/17460263.2021.1931420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17460263.2021.1931420","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In July 1974, Bill Shankly, the charismatic manager of Liverpool FC, surprised the football world by announcing his retirement. During fifteen years in charge, Shankly revolutionised LFC, transforming a second-tier outfit into one of Europe's best teams. His impact on the city of Liverpool was equally profound. At times in the 1960s, Shankly's popularity eclipsed even that of the Beatles. His retirement, wrote one supporter, felt like ‘the end of the world’. It triggered a public outpouring of grief, well wishes, and reminiscences. Based on previously unpublished material from the Shankly Family Archive, this essay examines the history, or histories, of the correspondence sent to Bill Shankly in the summer of 1974. Using three approaches – gender history, the history of emotions, and transnational history – it highlights under-explored aspects of football's rootedness in everyday life: female fandom, male sentimentality, and the first stirrings of Liverpool's international popularity. In Bill Shankly's football republic, collective identity was rooted in civic pride, but crossed age, class, gender, and national lines.","PeriodicalId":44984,"journal":{"name":"Sport in History","volume":"42 1","pages":"126 - 151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17460263.2021.1931420","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46847297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-15DOI: 10.1080/17460263.2021.1919189
Matthew L. Mcdowell
ABSTRACT This article uses curling to explore the relationship between Scotland and Sweden during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. A long-term formal and (after the Union of 1707) informal relationship existed between the nations, particularly with regard to the Thirty Years’ War and Jacobitism, both of which established a Scottish presence in Gothenburg. Curling entered Sweden through this pipeline in the early- to mid-nineteenth century, with Sweden's first known club, Bohuslän Curling Club (Bohuslänska Curlingklubben), formed at Uddevalla in 1852 by the Thorburn-Macfie family and associates; the family ran an industrial concern selling oats for horses powering London's expanding transport network. Curling remained confined to Uddevalla until the first Nordic Games (Nordiska Spelen) in 1901, whereby the sport became part of a programme emphasising elite ideas of sport. Later iterations of the Games would feature Scottish curlers. In the 1920s and 1930s, semi-regular trips were also arranged between Scotland and Sweden by the Royal Caledonian Curling Club (RCCC) and the Swedish Curling Union (Svensk Curlingförbundet); here, while the game was placed within a contemporary royalist, martial, and racial context by RCCC and public officials, reference points recalled the pre-Union relationship between the two nations as pertained to the Thirty Years’ War.
{"title":"‘Frae Land o’ Lakes to land o’ Cakes’: curling, Scotland, Sweden, and historical undercurrents","authors":"Matthew L. Mcdowell","doi":"10.1080/17460263.2021.1919189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17460263.2021.1919189","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article uses curling to explore the relationship between Scotland and Sweden during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. A long-term formal and (after the Union of 1707) informal relationship existed between the nations, particularly with regard to the Thirty Years’ War and Jacobitism, both of which established a Scottish presence in Gothenburg. Curling entered Sweden through this pipeline in the early- to mid-nineteenth century, with Sweden's first known club, Bohuslän Curling Club (Bohuslänska Curlingklubben), formed at Uddevalla in 1852 by the Thorburn-Macfie family and associates; the family ran an industrial concern selling oats for horses powering London's expanding transport network. Curling remained confined to Uddevalla until the first Nordic Games (Nordiska Spelen) in 1901, whereby the sport became part of a programme emphasising elite ideas of sport. Later iterations of the Games would feature Scottish curlers. In the 1920s and 1930s, semi-regular trips were also arranged between Scotland and Sweden by the Royal Caledonian Curling Club (RCCC) and the Swedish Curling Union (Svensk Curlingförbundet); here, while the game was placed within a contemporary royalist, martial, and racial context by RCCC and public officials, reference points recalled the pre-Union relationship between the two nations as pertained to the Thirty Years’ War.","PeriodicalId":44984,"journal":{"name":"Sport in History","volume":"41 1","pages":"496 - 523"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17460263.2021.1919189","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48602122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-01DOI: 10.1080/17460263.2021.1919188
Dale Whitfield
ABSTRACT Japanese educational institutions remain the country’s prominent football culture exponents since its emergence in higher education extra-curricular activities during the late nineteenth century. In Britain, whilst professional football culture evolved rapidly following the sport’s re-organisation in English public schools; Japan maintained a prolonged period of amateurism, which endured until establishing the professional J. League in 1992. After its acceptance as a physical education activity, football slowly circulated from extra-curricular activities at higher educational schools to secondary and elementary schools. From the introductory period to establishing the Japanese professional football league, football cemented its relationship with education, with university clubs dominating nationwide competitions and their prominent involvement in the Japanese national team. Also, despite the establishment of professionalism, educational institutions continue to significantly influence football culture throughout the country in terms of both the recruitment of players and the game’s ethics. In particular, the efficacy of extra-curricular activities as a medium for Japanese youths’ moral education and the cultural significance such institutions continue to retain are contributing factors.
{"title":"Education and football: a history of the cultural accommodation of British association football into Japanese society","authors":"Dale Whitfield","doi":"10.1080/17460263.2021.1919188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17460263.2021.1919188","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Japanese educational institutions remain the country’s prominent football culture exponents since its emergence in higher education extra-curricular activities during the late nineteenth century. In Britain, whilst professional football culture evolved rapidly following the sport’s re-organisation in English public schools; Japan maintained a prolonged period of amateurism, which endured until establishing the professional J. League in 1992. After its acceptance as a physical education activity, football slowly circulated from extra-curricular activities at higher educational schools to secondary and elementary schools. From the introductory period to establishing the Japanese professional football league, football cemented its relationship with education, with university clubs dominating nationwide competitions and their prominent involvement in the Japanese national team. Also, despite the establishment of professionalism, educational institutions continue to significantly influence football culture throughout the country in terms of both the recruitment of players and the game’s ethics. In particular, the efficacy of extra-curricular activities as a medium for Japanese youths’ moral education and the cultural significance such institutions continue to retain are contributing factors.","PeriodicalId":44984,"journal":{"name":"Sport in History","volume":"42 1","pages":"1 - 23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17460263.2021.1919188","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45812890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-01DOI: 10.1080/17460263.2021.1921834
Udi Carmi
ABSTRACT In the 1960s, hundreds of Israeli advisors, agricultural experts, engineers, and instructors were sent to Africa to promote Israel’s foreign policy, garner international support, win allies, and sidestep the ring of Arab hostility that surrounded Israel. The Histadrut, Israel’s largest labour union, sent many of these experts, while Hapoel, the sports association affiliated with the Histadrut, sent sports instructors who organised mass gymnastics performances in national ceremonies. Their assistance was highly appreciated by the African host governments. The paper discusses the instrumental role of sport in foreign policy, and the circumstances that led to Israel’s withdrawal of its involvement in Africa.
{"title":"Training Africa: mass displays and coaches in the service of Israel’s Foreign Policy in the 1960s","authors":"Udi Carmi","doi":"10.1080/17460263.2021.1921834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17460263.2021.1921834","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In the 1960s, hundreds of Israeli advisors, agricultural experts, engineers, and instructors were sent to Africa to promote Israel’s foreign policy, garner international support, win allies, and sidestep the ring of Arab hostility that surrounded Israel. The Histadrut, Israel’s largest labour union, sent many of these experts, while Hapoel, the sports association affiliated with the Histadrut, sent sports instructors who organised mass gymnastics performances in national ceremonies. Their assistance was highly appreciated by the African host governments. The paper discusses the instrumental role of sport in foreign policy, and the circumstances that led to Israel’s withdrawal of its involvement in Africa.","PeriodicalId":44984,"journal":{"name":"Sport in History","volume":"41 1","pages":"435 - 460"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17460263.2021.1921834","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45635135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-29DOI: 10.1080/17460263.2021.1915370
M. Huggins
ABSTRACT Scholarship on sporting competition during the eighteenth century has been lacking, and its socio-cultural context is not yet widely understood. This paper moves consideration of sporting competition back to this important period of sporting ‘proto-modernity’. It begins by setting it clearly in its cultural context, showing how while eighteenth-century English sporting culture gained increased elements of commonality, it was always differentiated by local, regional and sport-specific variations. It was increasingly commercialised, and linked to increased associativity and the popularity of wagering. The paper then attempts to build a tentative typology of the various forms of sporting competition then emerging, such as matches between two individuals, animals or groups; competitions where several individuals competed alongside each other to get a winner; elimination, knockout, or sudden death competitions; practice matches, unofficial competitions in which the aim was to prepare for future matches; the importance of challenges; the growing popularity of championships; and other aspects of competition. Finally, it provides a sense of the key changes and continuities in pre-and post-eighteenth-century competition to allow a sense of comparison.
{"title":"Forms of competition in proto-modern eighteenth-century English sport: a tentative typology","authors":"M. Huggins","doi":"10.1080/17460263.2021.1915370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17460263.2021.1915370","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Scholarship on sporting competition during the eighteenth century has been lacking, and its socio-cultural context is not yet widely understood. This paper moves consideration of sporting competition back to this important period of sporting ‘proto-modernity’. It begins by setting it clearly in its cultural context, showing how while eighteenth-century English sporting culture gained increased elements of commonality, it was always differentiated by local, regional and sport-specific variations. It was increasingly commercialised, and linked to increased associativity and the popularity of wagering. The paper then attempts to build a tentative typology of the various forms of sporting competition then emerging, such as matches between two individuals, animals or groups; competitions where several individuals competed alongside each other to get a winner; elimination, knockout, or sudden death competitions; practice matches, unofficial competitions in which the aim was to prepare for future matches; the importance of challenges; the growing popularity of championships; and other aspects of competition. Finally, it provides a sense of the key changes and continuities in pre-and post-eighteenth-century competition to allow a sense of comparison.","PeriodicalId":44984,"journal":{"name":"Sport in History","volume":"41 1","pages":"469 - 495"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17460263.2021.1915370","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59999622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-29DOI: 10.1080/17460263.2021.1919187
K. Mousset, L. Violette, Aurélie Épron
ABSTRACT Table tennis was first played as an Olympic sport at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul. Yet its official body, the International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF), had not always sought Olympic recognition. Founded in 1926, the ITTF was in conflict with the Olympic movement in its early years. While the democratised and apolitical vision of table tennis did not appear to be fundamentally at odds with Olympic values, amateurism was an obstacle for the federation. As a result, only after 50 years, in 1977, did the ITTF finally bow to the principles of the International Olympic Committee (IOC). Thereafter, Olympic recognition became a major symbolic and economic pillar of the ITTF’s development strategy. The aims of the two institutions became aligned as the popularity of table tennis internationally, particularly in Asia, contributed to the goal of globalising the Olympics. This rapprochement with Asian markets accelerated under the IOC presidency of Juan Antonio Samaranch from 1981, leading to the inclusion of the discipline in the 1988 Seoul Olympic Games.
乒乓球首次作为奥运项目出现在1988年汉城夏季奥运会上。然而，其官方机构国际乒联（ITTF）并不总是寻求奥运会的认可。国际乒联成立于1926年，早年曾与奥林匹克运动发生冲突。虽然乒乓球的民主化和非政治化愿景似乎与奥运会的价值观并不根本一致，但业余主义是联合会的障碍。结果，直到50年后的1977年，国际乒联才最终向国际奥委会（IOC）的原则低头。此后，奥运会的认可成为国际乒联发展战略的主要象征和经济支柱。随着乒乓球在国际上的流行，特别是在亚洲的流行，这两个机构的目标变得一致，这有助于实现奥运会全球化的目标。1981年，在胡安·安东尼奥·萨马兰奇（Juan Antonio Samaranch）担任国际奥委会主席期间，这种与亚洲市场的和解加速了，导致该项目被纳入1988年汉城奥运会。
{"title":"The ITTF and Olympic recognition of table tennis: from pure amateurism to the Asian markets (1926–1988)","authors":"K. Mousset, L. Violette, Aurélie Épron","doi":"10.1080/17460263.2021.1919187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17460263.2021.1919187","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Table tennis was first played as an Olympic sport at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul. Yet its official body, the International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF), had not always sought Olympic recognition. Founded in 1926, the ITTF was in conflict with the Olympic movement in its early years. While the democratised and apolitical vision of table tennis did not appear to be fundamentally at odds with Olympic values, amateurism was an obstacle for the federation. As a result, only after 50 years, in 1977, did the ITTF finally bow to the principles of the International Olympic Committee (IOC). Thereafter, Olympic recognition became a major symbolic and economic pillar of the ITTF’s development strategy. The aims of the two institutions became aligned as the popularity of table tennis internationally, particularly in Asia, contributed to the goal of globalising the Olympics. This rapprochement with Asian markets accelerated under the IOC presidency of Juan Antonio Samaranch from 1981, leading to the inclusion of the discipline in the 1988 Seoul Olympic Games.","PeriodicalId":44984,"journal":{"name":"Sport in History","volume":"41 1","pages":"578 - 595"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17460263.2021.1919187","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49410517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-11DOI: 10.1080/17460263.2021.1913444
J. Castillo
ABSTRACT Spain in the twentieth century was a country in search of a unified national identity. The Franco regime (1939–75) set this nationalising process as one of its main goals, in order to legitimise itself. In many senses this project failed, and many national symbols ended up with negative associations. This article argues that there was one successful example of promotion of that identity: the use of sports. The national press participated in this process by pushing the ideal of the Spanish quixotic hero, personified by several athletes in individual sports, including cyclist Federico Martín Bahamontes, the first Spanish winner of the Tour de France in 1959. Sports figures like Bahamontes represented this ideal through five main characteristics: idealism to succeed despite humble origins, moral values, perseverance in the face of adversity, irrational and impractical decisions, and heroism for the nation. All these characteristics are studied here through the words of newspapers from the time. The names of these athletes are still invoked today as pioneering examples of great Spaniards, which proves that this aspect of national identity was successful in becoming part of the Spanish collective identity.
{"title":"The first quixotic sports hero: Federico Martín Bahamontes and national identity creation in Spain","authors":"J. Castillo","doi":"10.1080/17460263.2021.1913444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17460263.2021.1913444","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Spain in the twentieth century was a country in search of a unified national identity. The Franco regime (1939–75) set this nationalising process as one of its main goals, in order to legitimise itself. In many senses this project failed, and many national symbols ended up with negative associations. This article argues that there was one successful example of promotion of that identity: the use of sports. The national press participated in this process by pushing the ideal of the Spanish quixotic hero, personified by several athletes in individual sports, including cyclist Federico Martín Bahamontes, the first Spanish winner of the Tour de France in 1959. Sports figures like Bahamontes represented this ideal through five main characteristics: idealism to succeed despite humble origins, moral values, perseverance in the face of adversity, irrational and impractical decisions, and heroism for the nation. All these characteristics are studied here through the words of newspapers from the time. The names of these athletes are still invoked today as pioneering examples of great Spaniards, which proves that this aspect of national identity was successful in becoming part of the Spanish collective identity.","PeriodicalId":44984,"journal":{"name":"Sport in History","volume":"41 1","pages":"551 - 577"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17460263.2021.1913444","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45613702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-02DOI: 10.1080/17460263.2021.1906310
J. Sharples
ABSTRACT This article examines nineteenth-century chess-player and writer George Walker’s essay ‘Anatomy of the Chess Automaton’ (1839). Walker’s writing frequently highlighted how spaces of urban modernity co-existed uneasily with historical memories. His tendency to highlight disreputable scenarios regarding chess-play can be set against a narrative which suggests chess-play became respectable in the mid-to-late nineteenth century. Unusually for Walker, however, his ‘Anatomy of the Chess Automaton’ demonstrates a desire to close off meaning and complexity, to diminish the potential for disreputable acts, whilst existing at odds with the historical context in which he wrote. This cultural mode in which Walker operated in can be viewed through the conceptual frameworks of curiosity (following Barbara M. Benedict) and respectability (following Mike Huggins) which highlight ideas of regulation, consumption, performance, transgression, and ambition. This article employs the frameworks of curiosity and respectability to interrogate related leisure and sporting practices in relation to the Automaton Chess-Player which existed outside the regular boundaries of society. It continues research previously published in Sport in History and elsewhere on the nature of chess-play and chess-spectacle as a disreputable spectacle. Ultimately, I show how both Walker and the object of his essay were curiosities themselves, engaging in an infinite game which produced a jumble of meanings.
{"title":"‘The machine being set in motion’: the automaton chess-player in urban and literary culture, 1839–1851","authors":"J. Sharples","doi":"10.1080/17460263.2021.1906310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17460263.2021.1906310","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article examines nineteenth-century chess-player and writer George Walker’s essay ‘Anatomy of the Chess Automaton’ (1839). Walker’s writing frequently highlighted how spaces of urban modernity co-existed uneasily with historical memories. His tendency to highlight disreputable scenarios regarding chess-play can be set against a narrative which suggests chess-play became respectable in the mid-to-late nineteenth century. Unusually for Walker, however, his ‘Anatomy of the Chess Automaton’ demonstrates a desire to close off meaning and complexity, to diminish the potential for disreputable acts, whilst existing at odds with the historical context in which he wrote. This cultural mode in which Walker operated in can be viewed through the conceptual frameworks of curiosity (following Barbara M. Benedict) and respectability (following Mike Huggins) which highlight ideas of regulation, consumption, performance, transgression, and ambition. This article employs the frameworks of curiosity and respectability to interrogate related leisure and sporting practices in relation to the Automaton Chess-Player which existed outside the regular boundaries of society. It continues research previously published in Sport in History and elsewhere on the nature of chess-play and chess-spectacle as a disreputable spectacle. Ultimately, I show how both Walker and the object of his essay were curiosities themselves, engaging in an infinite game which produced a jumble of meanings.","PeriodicalId":44984,"journal":{"name":"Sport in History","volume":"41 1","pages":"181 - 212"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17460263.2021.1906310","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42418379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-02DOI: 10.1080/17460263.2021.1898222
Conor Curran
Paul Ian Campbell’s latest monograph provides a short but excellent account of the playing and post-playing career experiences of sixteen black former professional footballers, set between 1988 and...
保罗·伊恩·坎贝尔（Paul Ian Campbell）的最新专著对16名黑人前职业足球运动员的比赛和赛后职业经历进行了简短而精彩的描述，故事发生在1988年至。。。
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