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Queering Romantic Engagement in the Postal Age: A Rhetorical Education by Pamela VanHaitsma (review) 邮政时代古怪的浪漫交往:帕梅拉·范海茨玛的修辞教育
IF 0.8 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.14321/rhetpublaffa.25.4.0123
Mary Anne Taylor
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引用次数: 0
Color Blind: Political Realism, Epistemic Racism, And Rhetorical Salience 色盲:政治现实主义、认识主义种族主义与修辞突出
IF 0.8 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.14321/rhetpublaffa.25.4.0001
R. Hariman, Francis A. Beer
Abstract:The rhetoric of any academic discipline can involve epistemic distortions and blind spots, including a tendency to obscure systemic racism. The doctrine of political realism from the discipline of International Relations is an influential example. Realism relies on several rhetorical devices, including a structural distinction between rhetoric and reality, a modality of abstraction, and the trope of anarchy/hierarchy. These provide both a compelling theoretical framework and a discursive program that obscures race and racism. Realist discourse operates further through several dimensions of rhetorical salience that are modulated by changes in context. Foreground, background, ambient, and ontic salience provide multiple registers for inscribing realism. Realism’s lack of reflexivity in disciplinary, governmental, and public arenas adds to its power and its defects. Exposing the rhetorical constitution of realism and its architecture of non-knowing raises challenges not only for realism but also for rhetoric. These include avoiding the inscription of realism and racism within rhetorical inquiry and avoiding epistemic hubris in the self-definition of rhetoric as a discipline.
摘要:任何学术学科的修辞都可能涉及认识扭曲和盲点,包括掩盖系统性种族主义的倾向。国际关系学科的政治现实主义就是一个有影响力的例子。现实主义依赖于几种修辞手法,包括修辞和现实之间的结构区别、抽象形式和无政府状态/等级的比喻。这些提供了一个引人注目的理论框架和一个模糊种族和种族主义的话语程序。现实主义话语通过语境变化所调节的修辞显著性的几个维度进一步运作。前景、背景、环境和本体显著性为书写现实主义提供了多个寄存器。现实主义在纪律、政府和公共领域缺乏反思性,这增加了它的力量和缺陷。揭示现实主义的修辞构成及其不知情结构不仅对现实主义提出了挑战,也对修辞学提出了挑战。其中包括避免在修辞探究中加入现实主义和种族主义,以及在修辞作为一门学科的自我定义中避免认识论上的傲慢。
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引用次数: 0
Revisioning Rhetorical Violence in the Afterlife 修订死后的修辞暴力
IF 0.8 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.14321/rhetpublaffa.25.3.0025
Matthew Houdek, Lisa A. Flores
Abstract:In this essay, we attend to the rhetorical and spatio-temporal contours of how the urgency to recognize Black life and aid in struggle is detached from a recognition of the deep structural and ontological nature of antiblackness. We center on two seemingly disparate case studies to unpack these phenomena. First, we look at the state lynching of Breonna Taylor and the multiracial coalition that emerged around #sayhername, and second, we turn to the politics and rhetorics of DEI initiatives on college campuses. Guided by scholars writing on Black life, our project asks how we imagine the physicality of violence in this moment in ways that interrupt common frames of both the physical and the moment. We write at the intersection of two larger rhetorical conversations on racialized violence: stoppage and suffocation, and their respective interests in theories of racialized time. We argue that the variants of anti-Black stoppage and suffocation operate on multiple temporal registers of recognition that perform recognition even as they profit from antiblackness. For rhetorical scholars invested in studies of racial violence, the urgency of the moment should serve as a reminder that possibility lies in the inventional, an inventional that requires a disciplined, intentional, and persistent practice and commitment.
摘要:在这篇文章中,我们关注的是认识黑人生活和援助斗争的紧迫性是如何脱离对反黑人的深层结构和本体论本质的认识的修辞和时空轮廓。我们以两个看似不同的案例研究为中心来解开这些现象。首先,我们来看看布雷欧娜·泰勒(Breonna Taylor)被处以私刑以及围绕#sayhername出现的多种族联盟,其次,我们转向大学校园中DEI倡议的政治和修辞。在研究黑人生活的学者的指导下,我们的项目询问我们如何想象在这个时刻,暴力的肉体性,以打断物质和时刻的共同框架的方式。我们在两个更大的关于种族化暴力的修辞对话的交叉点上写作:停止和窒息,以及他们在种族化时间理论中的各自利益。我们认为,反黑停止和窒息的变体在多个时间识别寄存器上运行,即使它们从反黑中获益,也会进行识别。对于致力于种族暴力研究的修辞学学者来说,这一时刻的紧迫性应该提醒他们,可能性在于创造,这种创造需要有纪律的、有意识的、坚持不懈的实践和承诺。
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引用次数: 1
Deportable and Disposable: Public Rhetoric and the Making of the "Illegal" Immigrant by Lisa A. Flores (review) 《可驱逐和可处置:公共修辞与“非法”移民的形成》,丽萨·A·弗洛雷斯著(综述)
IF 0.8 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.14321/rhetpublaffa.25.3.0192
Jimmy Lizama
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引用次数: 0
The Rhetoric of Physical Violence 身体暴力的修辞
IF 0.8 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.14321/rhetpublaffa.25.3.0001
Jay P. Childers
Abstract:This essay serves as the introductory essay for this special issue on "The Rhetoric of Violence." In conversation with the six other essays in this special issue, I suggest that scholars in our field need to focus more explicitly on the rhetorical purposes of physical violence. To support that suggestion, I offer a working definition of how we might conceptualize violence broadly and then distinguish physical violence from two others kinds that rhetorical scholars have been studying for years now—rhetorical violence and structural violence. Distinguishing that first mode of violence as worthy of more of our attention. I then argue that the primary purpose of most physical violence is to affectively and symbolically define and reinforce individual and group identities.
摘要:本文是《暴力修辞》专刊的导论。在与本期特刊的其他六篇文章的交谈中,我建议我们这个领域的学者需要更明确地关注身体暴力的修辞目的。为了支持这一观点,我提出了一个可行的定义,说明我们如何将暴力广义地概念化,然后将身体暴力与修辞学者研究多年的另外两种暴力区分开来——修辞暴力和结构暴力。区分第一种暴力模式值得我们更多的关注。然后,我认为大多数身体暴力的主要目的是有效地和象征性地定义和加强个人和群体的身份。
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引用次数: 0
Arguing with Numbers: The Intersection of Rhetoric and Mathematics ed. by James Wynn and G. Mitchell Reyes (review) 《与数字争论:修辞学与数学的交集》,作者:詹姆斯·韦恩和g·米切尔·雷耶斯
IF 0.8 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.14321/rhetpublaffa.25.3.0181
C. Tindale
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引用次数: 0
Plátano's Pharmacy: The Republic's Taste of its Own Medicine 普拉塔诺的药房:共和国对自己药物的品味
IF 0.8 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.14321/rhetpublaffa.25.3.0075
José Ángel Maldonado
Abstract:On January 6, 2021, supporters of Donald Trump stormed the US Capitol, demanding the head of Vice-President Mike Pence while challenging the results of a fair presidential election. Amid the shock, US journalists—finding few words to describe the severity of the moment—dusted off the old term: "banana republic." Banana republics are countries whose economy depends on the export of a finite natural resource, like bananas. By design, the ruling elites of banana republics work alongside foreign, multinational corporations to benefit from the republic's human labor. Banana republics are typically governed by a military dictator appointed by a foreign power and elected through illegitimate elections. Notably, dictators ascend to power through military and/or populist violence, like coups d'état and magnicide. Among the reckonings that US Americans encountered the days following the riots was the idea that their country had been relegated beside those so-called "banana republics." Indeed, the public display of violence brought about by a populist insurrection indicated a failure of the highest rank. In this essay, I ask: "What are the implications of treating violence seriously as a rhetorical event?" I suggest that referring to the United States as a "banana republic" due to populist violence against sacrosanct, democratic institutions requires that US Americans open themselves to the possibility of unexceptionalism, a recognition that—like a medicine—few are willing to stomach. I offer the idea that Donald Trump is the first Latin American president of the United States, and, in turn, that the United States has opened itself to a vulnerability whose damage is unknowable. To do so, I revisit two works by Jacques Derrida: Autoimmunity (2003), an interview where he describes the paradox of post-9/11 counterterrorist violence as autoimmunity, or, how organisms attack themselves in a quasi-suicidal fashion; and Plato's Pharmacy (1968), where he demonstrates an approach to unveiling the unseen ideological traces that haunt particular words. I ask: what is the unseen, terroristic force concealed by the claim that the United States is a banana republic? I explore the Capitol riots as a new "major event" (a televised moment playing on loop and accompanied by specific phrases), where a new type of terrorist uses state-sanctioned freedoms to inflict violence upon itself. I then draw from Chilean poets to provide scholars a lesson on the role of violence in the forming of national identity.
摘要:2021年1月6日,唐纳德·特朗普的支持者冲进美国国会大厦,要求副总统迈克·彭斯下台,同时挑战公平的总统选举结果。在震惊中,美国记者们——找不到什么词来形容这一时刻的严重性——重新使用了“香蕉共和国”这个旧词。香蕉共和国是指经济依赖于香蕉等有限自然资源出口的国家。香蕉共和国的统治精英们有意与外国跨国公司合作,从共和国的人力劳动中获益。香蕉共和国通常由外国势力任命的军事独裁者统治,并通过非法选举产生。值得注意的是,独裁者通过军事和/或民粹主义暴力,如政变和大屠杀,获得权力。在骚乱之后的日子里,美国人遇到的一种看法是,他们的国家已经被降级到那些所谓的“香蕉共和国”旁边。事实上,民粹主义起义所带来的公开暴力表明了最高阶层的失败。在这篇文章中,我问:“把暴力作为一个修辞事件认真对待意味着什么?”我认为,由于民粹主义对神圣的民主制度的暴力而将美国称为“香蕉共和国”,需要美国人开放自己,接受不例外主义的可能性,这种认识就像药物一样,很少有人愿意接受。我的想法是,唐纳德·特朗普(Donald Trump)是美国的第一位拉美总统,反过来,美国已经向一个脆弱性敞开了大门,其损害是不可知的。为此,我重温了雅克·德里达的两部作品:《自身免疫》(2003),在一次采访中,他将后9/11反恐暴力的悖论描述为自身免疫,或者说,生物体如何以一种类似自杀的方式攻击自己;以及柏拉图的《药房》(1968),在这本书中,他展示了一种方法,揭示了困扰特定词汇的看不见的意识形态痕迹。我问:美国是一个香蕉共和国的说法所隐藏的看不见的恐怖主义力量是什么?我把国会大厦骚乱作为一个新的“重大事件”(电视上循环播放的时刻,伴随着特定的短语),一种新型的恐怖分子利用国家批准的自由对自己施加暴力。然后,我从智利诗人的作品中为学者们提供了一个关于暴力在形成国家认同中的作用的教训。
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引用次数: 0
Violence and Nonviolence in the Rhetoric of Social Protest 社会抗议修辞中的暴力与非暴力
IF 0.8 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.14321/rhetpublaffa.25.3.0145
Billie Murray
Abstract:The nonviolence so heralded in studies of protest has lost its strategic effectiveness; nonviolence has become, not a strategy in the pursuit of justice, but an end in itself, a telos. In order to better conceptualize violence and nonviolence in the contemporary rhetoric of social protest, this essay provides a review and critique of prominent rhetorical studies of protest violence that have placed violent tactics solely in the service of nonviolence. Rhetorical scholars are in a unique position to reconsider and reframe understandings of violence and nonviolence in social protest that persist both in rhetorical studies and in the popular imagination about how social change can and should happen. Violence and nonviolence have too often been divorced from the white supremacist history and context in which they operate, particularly in the United States—creating meaning structures that make the violent protest tactics deployed by non-dominant groups culturally illegible. This essay works to reframe the violent tactics most commonly deployed in the current moment by arguing that the looting, property destruction, and even the direct physical violence that is most often associated with various Leftist and anti-racist activists can work strategically to challenge the police-State's monopoly on violence. Drawing out the implications of these interconnected points, the essay provides a more nuanced understanding of violent tactics that can both help restore the disruptive function of protest rhetoric and better challenge white supremacy in the service of justice.
摘要:抗议研究中所宣扬的非暴力已经失去了战略效力;非暴力已经不是一种追求正义的策略,而是一种目的,一种终结。为了更好地将当代社会抗议修辞中的暴力和非暴力概念化,本文对抗议暴力的著名修辞研究进行了回顾和批评,这些研究将暴力策略仅仅用于非暴力。修辞学学者处于一个独特的地位,可以重新思考和重新构建对社会抗议中暴力和非暴力的理解,这些理解在修辞学研究和关于社会变革如何能够和应该发生的大众想象中都存在。暴力和非暴力往往与白人至上主义的历史和背景脱节,尤其是在美国,这创造了意义结构,使非主导群体使用的暴力抗议策略在文化上难以辨认。这篇文章试图重新定义当前最常见的暴力策略,认为抢劫、财产破坏,甚至最常与各种左翼和反种族主义活动家联系在一起的直接身体暴力,都可以从战略上挑战警察国家对暴力的垄断。这篇文章阐述了这些相互关联的观点的含义,对暴力策略有了更细致的理解,既有助于恢复抗议言论的破坏性功能,也有助于更好地挑战白人至上主义为司法服务。
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引用次数: 0
Mapping Inter/National Terrain: On Violence, Definition, and Struggle from Afghanistan to Standing Rock 绘制国际/国家地形图:从阿富汗到立石的暴力、定义和斗争
IF 0.8 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.14321/rhetpublaffa.25.3.0099
Heather Hayes
Abstract:Definitional work has authorized vaguely articulated, unending, US-led terror wars, constituting amorphous, violent, global terrain, spatially, temporally, and discursively. Mapping the terrain in which this violence is enacted helps us examine re-emergences of violence, including entangling Indigenous communities inside the United States—particularly as they engage acts of protest—within the same colonial machines of terror deployed in the name of war outside those boundaries. This essay maps these circulations as they coalesce at one point: the use of battle grade military equipment and former special operations teams against Indigenous protesters at the Standing Rock #NoDAPL resistance fight in 2016 and 2017. As Native protestors were transformed into jihadists and assaulted at Standing Rock, frames of savage indigeneity permeated boundaries from the terror wars' battle sites of Pakistan and Afghanistan back to the United States. In this cartography, conditions of possibility for governing global communities are remapped. The inter/national crossroads expand and are weaponized into new necropolitical tools of colonization. Examining this violent landscape and engaging with histories of settler colonialism as well as the spatial, temporal, and discursive power of definition, this essay explores rhetorical cartography as the ground for mapping new rhetorical terrains and inter/national coalition against ongoing materializations of colonialism.
摘要:定义性的工作授权了美国领导的模糊、无休止的恐怖战争,构成了无定形、暴力的全球地形,无论是空间上、时间上还是话语上。绘制这种暴力发生的地形有助于我们审视暴力的再次出现,包括将美国境内的土著社区——特别是当他们从事抗议活动时——卷入以战争名义部署在这些边界之外的殖民恐怖机器中。这篇文章描绘了这些循环在某一点上的结合:在2016年和2017年的Standing Rock#NoDAPL抵抗战中,使用战斗级军事装备和前特种作战队对抗土著抗议者。当土著抗议者转变为圣战分子并在Standing Rock遭到袭击时,从巴基斯坦和阿富汗的恐怖战争战场到美国,野蛮的土著形象渗透到了边界。在这张地图中,重新绘制了治理全球社区的可能性条件。国家间的十字路口不断扩大,并被武器化为新的殖民政治工具。通过研究这一暴力景观,并结合定居者殖民主义的历史以及定义的空间、时间和话语力,本文探讨了修辞制图作为绘制新的修辞地形和反对殖民主义持续物化的国际/国家联盟的基础。
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引用次数: 0
Serial Murder as Modernist Ritual 连环谋杀是现代主义的仪式
IF 0.8 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.14321/rhetpublaffa.25.3.0049
Bryan J. McCann
Abstract:This essay argues that the serial murderer's rituals are homologous to those that structure the more quotidian or administrative, but equally sadistic, forms of violence against fungible bodies in US civil society. At stake in this homology is recognizing that the sadism publics so readily associate with the depraved serial killer are present in the many cruelties that such publics enthusiastically condone and enjoy. Serial murder is a modernist ritual among many others, and its capacity to induce affective investment from consuming publics, just as surely as the killer himself, is a function of what I am calling sadistic form. To clarify this argument, the essay reads serial killer Ted Bundy's many crimes as ritualistic enactments of sadistic form, as well as the varied responses during his 1989 execution. In so doing, I illustrate how different rituals function to obscure or amplify the sadism to which they give expression.
摘要:本文认为,连环杀人犯的仪式与美国公民社会中针对可替代身体的更日常或行政但同样虐待狂的暴力形式是同源的。这种同源性的关键在于认识到,公众如此容易与堕落的连环杀手联系在一起的虐待狂,存在于这些公众热情宽恕和享受的许多残忍行为中。连环谋杀是一种现代主义仪式,它能吸引消费大众的情感投资,就像凶手本人一样,这是我所说的虐待狂形式的一个功能。为了澄清这一论点,本文将连环杀手泰德·邦迪的许多罪行解读为虐待狂的仪式性再现,以及他1989年被处决期间的各种反应。在这样做的过程中,我展示了不同的仪式是如何掩盖或放大它们所表达的虐待狂的。
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引用次数: 0
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Rhetoric & Public Affairs
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