Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.7440/histcrit84.2022.03
Lania Stefanoni Ferreira
. Objective/context: this paper is the result of a doctoral research that sought to analyze the trajectories of black and white railroad workers in the interior of the State of São Paulo, Brazil, in the cities of Rio Claro, São Carlos, and Araraquara between 1930 and 1970. The research focused on a reading of how railroad companies in the 20th century, in addition to interconnecting regions and bringing workers of different races closer together, influenced their ascension and mobility in the economic, political, social, and cultural fields in relation to other workers of the period. It aimed to analyze the trajectories and memories of these workers, to understand how black and white workers related to each other considering race and class issues. Methodology: based on the methodological concepts of memory and oral history, approximately 75 former Companhia Paulista railway workers were interviewed. Direct and indirect documentary sources such as books, articles, period newspapers, and other printed materials were also used in the research. Originality: the article advances the analyses presented in terms of possible intersections impregnated by oral history under the criterion of ethnicity and their position occupied in the world of work. Conclusions: the idea of a railway family was adapted to the myth of racial democracy, in its double meaning: although internal conflicts may exist, recognition as railway workers opened the way for all of the workers in the environment outside of work. The ambiguity between color and class coexisted in the trajectory of the interviewees as a relationship of implication, not of causality. The reduction of distances by means of informal cohabitation had an emotional background that was present even in those relationships that would be more characteristically impersonal. The fetish of equality among railroad workers functioned as a mediator in class relations, which contributed to the fact that conflictive situations frequently did not result in factual conflicts, but in conciliations within the railroad company.
{"title":"Ferrovia e memória: a Companhia Paulista pelo crivo de raça e classe entre 1930 e 1970","authors":"Lania Stefanoni Ferreira","doi":"10.7440/histcrit84.2022.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7440/histcrit84.2022.03","url":null,"abstract":". Objective/context: this paper is the result of a doctoral research that sought to analyze the trajectories of black and white railroad workers in the interior of the State of São Paulo, Brazil, in the cities of Rio Claro, São Carlos, and Araraquara between 1930 and 1970. The research focused on a reading of how railroad companies in the 20th century, in addition to interconnecting regions and bringing workers of different races closer together, influenced their ascension and mobility in the economic, political, social, and cultural fields in relation to other workers of the period. It aimed to analyze the trajectories and memories of these workers, to understand how black and white workers related to each other considering race and class issues. Methodology: based on the methodological concepts of memory and oral history, approximately 75 former Companhia Paulista railway workers were interviewed. Direct and indirect documentary sources such as books, articles, period newspapers, and other printed materials were also used in the research. Originality: the article advances the analyses presented in terms of possible intersections impregnated by oral history under the criterion of ethnicity and their position occupied in the world of work. Conclusions: the idea of a railway family was adapted to the myth of racial democracy, in its double meaning: although internal conflicts may exist, recognition as railway workers opened the way for all of the workers in the environment outside of work. The ambiguity between color and class coexisted in the trajectory of the interviewees as a relationship of implication, not of causality. The reduction of distances by means of informal cohabitation had an emotional background that was present even in those relationships that would be more characteristically impersonal. The fetish of equality among railroad workers functioned as a mediator in class relations, which contributed to the fact that conflictive situations frequently did not result in factual conflicts, but in conciliations within the railroad company.","PeriodicalId":45016,"journal":{"name":"Historia Critica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47292623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.7440/histcrit84.2022.04
Ivonne Pini, María Clara Bernal
. Objective/Context: The 1950s was a critical decade regarding discussions about the relevance of abstraction as a visual language in the arts in Colombia. The encounters and disagreements in this regard between artists, critics, and the general public are a testimony of broader aspects, such as the search for a language of its own, the need to internationalize national art, the importance of educating about and through art
{"title":"Arte abstracto en la década de 1950 en Bogotá: la mirada de los críticos a los artistas y los artistas como críticos","authors":"Ivonne Pini, María Clara Bernal","doi":"10.7440/histcrit84.2022.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7440/histcrit84.2022.04","url":null,"abstract":". Objective/Context: The 1950s was a critical decade regarding discussions about the relevance of abstraction as a visual language in the arts in Colombia. The encounters and disagreements in this regard between artists, critics, and the general public are a testimony of broader aspects, such as the search for a language of its own, the need to internationalize national art, the importance of educating about and through art","PeriodicalId":45016,"journal":{"name":"Historia Critica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47228069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.7440/histcrit83.2022.01
J. Ardila
. Objective/Context: This article examines the presence of students from the National University among the readers of the National Library during the first half of the 1870s. Although some contemporary observers considered the library to be inoperative, the institution was an active agent in the circulation of books in Bogotá: a space of student sociability and a place of university knowledge. Methodology: ❧ Este artículo hace parte del proyecto “Biblioteca y comunidad de lectores en el siglo xix. Registro de lectores de la Biblioteca Nacional de los Estados Unidos de Colombia, 1870-1874”, financiado por el Instituto Colombiano de
{"title":"Del repositorio público al aula universitaria: estudiantes de la Universidad Nacional en la Biblioteca Nacional, Estados Unidos de Colombia, 1870-1874","authors":"J. Ardila","doi":"10.7440/histcrit83.2022.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7440/histcrit83.2022.01","url":null,"abstract":". Objective/Context: This article examines the presence of students from the National University among the readers of the National Library during the first half of the 1870s. Although some contemporary observers considered the library to be inoperative, the institution was an active agent in the circulation of books in Bogotá: a space of student sociability and a place of university knowledge. Methodology: ❧ Este artículo hace parte del proyecto “Biblioteca y comunidad de lectores en el siglo xix. Registro de lectores de la Biblioteca Nacional de los Estados Unidos de Colombia, 1870-1874”, financiado por el Instituto Colombiano de","PeriodicalId":45016,"journal":{"name":"Historia Critica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49113583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-26DOI: 10.7440/histcrit83.2022.04
Jerónimo Ríos Sierra
{"title":"Crónica de una muerte anunciada: el discurso de eta frente a los atentados del 11-M (2004) y la negociación política con el Partido Socialista Obrero Español (2005-2006)","authors":"Jerónimo Ríos Sierra","doi":"10.7440/histcrit83.2022.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7440/histcrit83.2022.04","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45016,"journal":{"name":"Historia Critica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44462327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-26DOI: 10.7440/histcrit83.2022.02
Dario Migliucci
. Objective/Context: This article analyzes a historical period—the first years after the end of the First World War—that was deeply marked by the way in which different actors in American society reacted to the propaganda activities of radical movements. Specifically, it looks at how the battle against radicalism was fought in Washington D.C. and New York. Methodology: The article follows the traditional historiographic method of analysis and contextualization of primary sources. Archival documentation has been collected at ❧ Este artículo deriva de la tesis doctoral “La propaganda como desafío
． 目的/背景:本文分析了一段历史时期——第一次世界大战结束后的头几年，这段历史时期深受美国社会不同行动者对激进运动宣传活动的反应之影响。具体来说，它着眼于如何在华盛顿特区和纽约与激进主义作斗争。方法论:本文遵循传统的史学方法，对原始资料进行分析和语境化。档案资料已收集于 Este artículo derivative a de la tesis博士“la propaganda como desafío”
{"title":"Nacimiento, auge y extinción de un fenómeno de intolerancia política: la lucha contra la propaganda radical en Nueva York y Washington D.C. (1918-1920)","authors":"Dario Migliucci","doi":"10.7440/histcrit83.2022.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7440/histcrit83.2022.02","url":null,"abstract":". Objective/Context: This article analyzes a historical period—the first years after the end of the First World War—that was deeply marked by the way in which different actors in American society reacted to the propaganda activities of radical movements. Specifically, it looks at how the battle against radicalism was fought in Washington D.C. and New York. Methodology: The article follows the traditional historiographic method of analysis and contextualization of primary sources. Archival documentation has been collected at ❧ Este artículo deriva de la tesis doctoral “La propaganda como desafío","PeriodicalId":45016,"journal":{"name":"Historia Critica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41782640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-04DOI: 10.7440/histcrit82.2021.03
Mary Picone
. Objective/Context: This article analyzes how racialized understandings of geographic space underpinned the constitution of and resistance to violence in southern Chile in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Methodology: Through critical analysis of petitions, newspaper articles, police investigations, and government reports, along with legislation and census data, I examine the genealogy of violence that made possible the granting of extensive land concessions to a large cattle ranching estate, the Rupanco Company, on Coihueco Island, a fertile plain in Llanquihue Province, and the resistance it provoked. Originality: By embedding the concession made to the Rupanco Company in a longer history of violence, my analysis demonstrates how ideas about space shaped land distribution and created pathways for resistance in courts, before police officers, and through local newspapers. Thus, it shows the overlapping sovereignties between the state, Indigenous Mapuche communities, and private companies. Conclusions: The conflict on Coihueco Island in the early twentieth century illustrates a long history of violence against a geographical area interpreted as vacant by legislation, military action, and occupation. The creation of private and public property expanded the state’s ability to legitimize toponymy, land ownership, or expulsions, provoking multiple forms of resistance.
{"title":"Legitimizing and Resisting Spatial Violence in Southern Chile (1890s-1910s)","authors":"Mary Picone","doi":"10.7440/histcrit82.2021.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7440/histcrit82.2021.03","url":null,"abstract":". Objective/Context: This article analyzes how racialized understandings of geographic space underpinned the constitution of and resistance to violence in southern Chile in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Methodology: Through critical analysis of petitions, newspaper articles, police investigations, and government reports, along with legislation and census data, I examine the genealogy of violence that made possible the granting of extensive land concessions to a large cattle ranching estate, the Rupanco Company, on Coihueco Island, a fertile plain in Llanquihue Province, and the resistance it provoked. Originality: By embedding the concession made to the Rupanco Company in a longer history of violence, my analysis demonstrates how ideas about space shaped land distribution and created pathways for resistance in courts, before police officers, and through local newspapers. Thus, it shows the overlapping sovereignties between the state, Indigenous Mapuche communities, and private companies. Conclusions: The conflict on Coihueco Island in the early twentieth century illustrates a long history of violence against a geographical area interpreted as vacant by legislation, military action, and occupation. The creation of private and public property expanded the state’s ability to legitimize toponymy, land ownership, or expulsions, provoking multiple forms of resistance.","PeriodicalId":45016,"journal":{"name":"Historia Critica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44974916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-04DOI: 10.7440/histcrit82.2021.05
A. Boza
{"title":"Diplomacia, comercio y poder en una zona de frontera: el asesinato de un rey indígena en Talamanca, actual Costa Rica, 1870-1872","authors":"A. Boza","doi":"10.7440/histcrit82.2021.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7440/histcrit82.2021.05","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45016,"journal":{"name":"Historia Critica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44530965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-04DOI: 10.7440/histcrit82.2021.06
L. G. González Gómez
{"title":"Más allá de los límites del Estado. Fronteras, extractivismo y formación del espacio nacional en la Orinoquia colombiana, 1913-1941","authors":"L. G. González Gómez","doi":"10.7440/histcrit82.2021.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7440/histcrit82.2021.06","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45016,"journal":{"name":"Historia Critica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43418065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.7440/histcrit82.2021.02
Javier Carmona Yost, C. Chiappe, Hans Gundermann Kröll
{"title":"Para asociarse con gentes de razón: alfalfa y ‘civilización’ durante la habilitación del puerto boliviano de Cobija (Atacama, 1825-1860)","authors":"Javier Carmona Yost, C. Chiappe, Hans Gundermann Kröll","doi":"10.7440/histcrit82.2021.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7440/histcrit82.2021.02","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45016,"journal":{"name":"Historia Critica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44348631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.7440/histcrit82.2021.01
Alberto Harambour Ross
{"title":"Fronteras nacionales, Estados coloniales. ¿Para una historia plurinacional de América Latina?","authors":"Alberto Harambour Ross","doi":"10.7440/histcrit82.2021.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7440/histcrit82.2021.01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45016,"journal":{"name":"Historia Critica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42773460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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