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Effectiveness of “Healthy Living Training Program” on Obese Policemen 健康生活培训计划 "对肥胖警察的效果
IF 0.9 Q4 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_941_22
R. Sabale, G. Velhal, Yashovardhan Kabra, Shilpa Nellikkal
Considering the concerns of obesity problems, Mumbai Police authorities had launched full-day residential “Healthy Living Training Program” in February 2019 for obese policemen. We studied the effectiveness of the program by assessing health profile of the participants, and change in anthropometric measurements and blood pressure readings. Permission from the concerned authorities and approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee (IEC) were taken. Health profiles of 143 policemen were assessed. Anthropometric measurements and blood pressure recordings were done on the first and the last day of the 28-day program. The data were coded and entered in password-protected Microsoft Excel. Paired t-test was applied to test statistically significant differences. The association of some of the variables with weight change was assessed by the Chi-square test for categorical variables. The mean age of participants was 49.6 ± 5 years. The proportion of hypertensive, diabetics, vision problems, and bone and joint problems were 48.2%, 23.2%, 57.1%, and 46.4%, respectively. Only 70% of them had home-cooked food in the lunch. Daily, 50% of the participants do physical activity. There was statistically significant weight reduction (105.6 ± 12.1s vs. 103.3 ± 12 kg), body mass index (BMI) (36.3 ± 3.4 vs. 35.5 ± 3.3), waist circumference (110.8 ± 7.9 vs. 109.5 ± 7.9), and hip circumference (115.6 ± 8.1 vs. 106.8 ± 15.0) of the participants after 28 days of training program. “Healthy Living Training Program” was effective in reducing weight, blood pressure, BMI, and waist and hip circumference. The program benefitted the participants by inculcating healthy lifestyles and raising awareness of health issues.
考虑到肥胖问题,孟买警察当局于 2019 年 2 月为肥胖警察推出了全天住宿的 "健康生活培训计划"。我们通过评估参与者的健康状况、人体测量和血压读数的变化来研究该计划的有效性。 我们获得了有关当局的许可和机构伦理委员会(IEC)的批准。对 143 名警察的健康状况进行了评估。在 28 天计划的第一天和最后一天进行了人体测量和血压记录。数据经编码后输入有密码保护的 Microsoft Excel。采用配对 t 检验来检验统计学上的显著差异。一些变量与体重变化的关系则通过对分类变量的卡方检验进行评估。 参与者的平均年龄为 49.6 ± 5 岁。高血压、糖尿病、视力问题和骨关节问题的比例分别为 48.2%、23.2%、57.1% 和 46.4%。只有 70% 的人午餐吃家常菜。50%的参与者每天进行体育锻炼。经过 28 天的培训后,参与者的体重(105.6 ± 12.1s vs. 103.3 ± 12 kg)、体重指数(36.3 ± 3.4 vs. 35.5 ± 3.3)、腰围(110.8 ± 7.9 vs. 109.5 ± 7.9)和臀围(115.6 ± 8.1 vs. 106.8 ± 15.0)均有明显下降。 "健康生活训练计划 "能有效降低体重、血压、体重指数、腰围和臀围。该计划通过灌输健康的生活方式和提高对健康问题的认识,使参与者受益匪浅。
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引用次数: 0
Qualitative Study to Identify Strengths, Weakness, Opportunities, and Challenges of Family Adoption Programs among Students 确定学生家庭收养计划的优势、劣势、机遇和挑战的定性研究
IF 0.9 Q4 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_58_23
Panchasheela S. Reshmi, Ruchita Lunagariya, Hiren Patel, Nikhil Patel, Dixit Chauhan, Ravi Patel
National Medical Commission (NMC) in their recent notification included Family Adoption Program (FAP) in the undergraduate curriculum to provide a learning opportunity towards community-based health care to Indian medical graduates. This study is carried out to explore and know strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and challenges of FAP. FAP were used to gather data using Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and in-depth interviews of the stakeholders of the program. FGD of students was conducted. In-depth interviews of families, Sarpanch, Panchayat members, ASHA workers of the village, faculties, and Head of the Department of Community Medicine were conducted. Data analysis was done by using deductive–inductive content analysis method using computer software NVivo. Four main categories or themes were formed: strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and challenges. Strengths include increased understanding about Community Medicine subject, beneficence to students, and community. Weakness includes difficulties in field with respect to time and availability and implementation of programs. Opportunities include early field exposure and FAP as a platform for primary healthcare. Challenges include competencies not aligned with phasewise curriculum and difficulties in adopting five families per student. The family adoption program needs to be adopted and implemented as a part of curriculum for MBBS students as there are many strengths and opportunities, while weaknesses and challenges need to be addressed.
国家医学委员会(NMC)在其最近的通知中将家庭收养计划(FAP)纳入了本科课程,为印度医学毕业生提供了一个学习社区医疗保健的机会。本研究旨在探索和了解家庭收养计划的优势、劣势、机遇和挑战。 通过焦点小组讨论(FGD)和对项目利益相关者的深入访谈,使用 FAP 收集数据。对学生进行了焦点小组讨论。对家庭、Sarpanch、Panchayat 成员、村里的 ASHA 工作人员、教师和社区医学系主任进行了深入访谈。数据分析采用演绎-归纳内容分析法,使用计算机软件 NVivo 进行。 形成了四个主要类别或主题:优势、劣势、机遇和挑战。优势包括增加了对社区医学学科的了解,有利于学生和社区。不足之处包括在时间、可用性和计划实施方面遇到的实地困难。机遇包括早期实地接触和将 FAP 作为初级医疗保健的平台。挑战包括能力与阶段性课程不一致,以及每个学生收养五个家庭的困难。 家庭收养计划需要作为医学学士学位学生课程的一部分加以采纳和实施,因为它有许多优势和机遇,同时也需要解决弱点和挑战。
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引用次数: 0
Integration of Medical Colleges under National Tobacco Control Program—A Public Health Priority 将医学院纳入国家烟草控制计划--公共卫生优先事项
IF 0.9 Q4 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_712_23
Rakesh Gupta, Sonu Goel
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引用次数: 0
Awareness and Attitude of Pregnant Couple Toward Umbilical Cord Blood Banking in Telangana: A Cross-sectional Study 特兰甘纳邦怀孕夫妇对脐带血库的认识和态度:横断面研究
IF 0.9 Q4 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_779_23
Rohan K. Anandgaonkar, Dr. Rohini Motwani, Gomathi Ramaswamy, Nabnita Patnaik
Banking of umbilical cord blood (UCB) is performed to collect and store umbilical cord stem cells. Both public and private cord blood banks have been established around the world. The study aimed to determine the level of awareness of UCB banking among pregnant couples and to assess the attitude of the couples toward UCB banking. We also tried to explore the factors influencing the UCB banking donation and the couple’s expectations of UCB banking in the future. A prevalidated questionnaire on UCB banking was administered, and the interview was conducted among the same pregnant couples (both husband and wife) attending the obstetrics and gynecology (OBG) outpatient department (OPD). Only 28% (N = 121) of the participants had heard of UCB banking, and only 12% had correct knowledge of UCB banking. Only 4.9% of participants had heard of public or private UCB banks. Only one couple of 121 has stored UCB in their previous pregnancy, and about 36% of couples were willing to store their newborn’s UCB in the present pregnancy. Poor understanding continues to be a significant barrier to reaping the benefits of UCB and preservation. Obstetricians and pediatricians should take a more active role in educating patients about the benefits and drawbacks of UCB banking.
脐带血库(UCB)的作用是收集和储存脐带干细胞。世界各地都建立了公共和私人脐带血库。本研究旨在确定怀孕夫妇对脐带血库的认识程度,并评估他们对脐带血库的态度。我们还试图探讨影响脐带血库捐赠的因素以及夫妇对未来脐带血库的期望。我们发放了一份关于脐带血库的调查问卷,并对在妇产科门诊部(OBG)就诊的同一对怀孕夫妇(包括丈夫和妻子)进行了访谈。只有 28% 的参与者(N = 121)听说过脐带血库,只有 12% 的参与者对脐带血库有正确的认识。只有 4.9% 的参与者听说过公立或私立UTCB 银行。121 对夫妇中只有一对在前一次怀孕时储存过脐带血,约 36% 的夫妇愿意在本次怀孕时储存新生儿的脐带血。对脐带血库和保存脐带血的认识不足仍然是获得其益处的一大障碍。产科医生和儿科医生应发挥更积极的作用,向患者宣传脐带血库的益处和弊端。
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引用次数: 0
Building a Sustainable Healthcare System for Tribal Communities Through Apex Medical Institutions 通过 Apex 医疗机构为部落社区建立可持续的医疗保健系统
IF 0.9 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_407_23
Sudip Bhattacharya, S. Saleem, Suneela Garg, Saurabh Varshney, A. Grover, Pratima Gupta, Amarjeet Singh
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引用次数: 0
Erratum: Prevalence of Physical Nicotine Dependence and its Determinants among Tobacco users in the Rural Field Practice Area of a Tertiary Care Hospital in Tamil Nadu, India. 勘误:印度泰米尔纳德邦一家三甲医院农村实习区烟草使用者尼古丁依赖症及其决定因素。
IF 0.9 Q4 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-24 DOI: 10.4103/IJCM.IJCM_265_24

[This corrects the article on p. 170 in vol. 49, PMID: 38425948.].

[此处更正了第 49 卷第 170 页的文章,PMID:38425948]。
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引用次数: 0
Active Case Finding among Adults using an Individual’s Vulnerability Score for Pulmonary Tuberculosis in a Rural Village of Goa: A Cross-sectional Study 果阿农村利用肺结核个人易感性评分在成人中主动寻找病例:横断面研究
IF 0.9 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_191_23
Bhargav P. Sawant Dessai, Malavika Krishnan, Hemangini K. Shah
“Detect–Treat–Prevent–Build” to achieve tuberculosis (TB)-free India is envisaged in the National Tuberculosis Elimination Program (NTEP). To be able to achieve this, it is important to address the fact that the most vulnerable and hard-to-reach groups need to undertake screening. The present review aimed to examine the vulnerability in connection with TB disparities faced by distinct sub-populations generally viewed as vulnerable and follow these for testing. The community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the field practice area of sub-center Carambolim in a rural area of Goa for 3 months. The households were visited, and data collected via personal interviews were recorded on the questionnaire study tool. Based on the data, the participants’ vulnerability mapping was done per the parameters identified. Among 223 households, 528 persons were screened for vulnerability. The 47 highly vulnerable participants were advised sputum CBNAAT, of which 9 (19%) tested positive for pulmonary TB, while of the 86 moderately vulnerable participants, 4 (5%) tested positive for pulmonary TB. Among the 34 with symptoms suggestive of TB, 3 (9%) tested positive for pulmonary TB. The study detected 16 new TB patients from the population and found a higher incidence of pulmonary TB among the vulnerable group with no symptoms of Pulmonary TB. A further state-wide survey is recommended to diagnose such cases.
国家消除结核病计划(NTEP)设想通过 "检测-治疗-预防-建设 "来实现印度无结核病(TB)的目标。为了实现这一目标,必须解决最脆弱和最难接触到的群体需要进行筛查的问题。本研究旨在检查一般被视为弱势群体的不同亚人群所面临的与结核病差异有关的脆弱性,并跟踪这些人群进行检测。 这项基于社区的横断面研究在果阿邦农村地区 Carambolim 副中心的实地实践区进行,为期 3 个月。对住户进行了走访,并将通过个人访谈收集到的数据记录在问卷研究工具上。根据这些数据,按照确定的参数绘制了参与者的脆弱性图。 在 223 个家庭中,有 528 人接受了脆弱性筛查。47 名高度易感者接受了痰 CBNAAT 检测,其中 9 人(19%)的肺结核检测呈阳性,而在 86 名中度易感者中,4 人(5%)的肺结核检测呈阳性。在 34 名有肺结核症状的参与者中,有 3 人(9%)的肺结核检测呈阳性。 这项研究从人群中发现了 16 名新的肺结核病人,并发现在没有肺结核症状的易感人群中肺结核发病率较高。建议在全州范围内开展进一步调查,以诊断此类病例。
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引用次数: 0
Transformative Model of Public Health Education 公共卫生教育的变革模式
IF 0.9 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_264_24
Vedprakash Mishra
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引用次数: 0
Validity of “Mid-Upper Arm Circumference” as a Parameter to Identify Undernourished Children in Rural Gujarat 将 "上臂中围 "作为识别古吉拉特邦农村营养不良儿童的参数的有效性
IF 0.9 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_789_22
Bansari L. Chawada, Jaydeep J. Devaliya, Sneha Kurian
Mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) measures the arm muscle and fat area. The use of MUAC as a screening measure for assessing undernutrition has the following advantages; it makes use of a simple equipment, is easy to carry at the field sites, and requires minimal training. In India, “mid-upper arm circumference” is widely used and accepted in many nutritional programs. This study was conducted with the primary objective to compare different anthropometric parameters of children and to validate the usefulness and limitations of MUAC to screen out undernourished children. Anthropometric measurements were recorded for all the anganwadi centers of the selected sub-center that comes under the field practice area of our department. The measurements like weight, height, MUAC were done according to the standard guidelines as per WHO, and further, calculations were done with the help of “Anthro software 3.2.2.” Comparisons were done between categorization of MUAC tape and Weight-for-Height Z-scores (WHZ), and hence, the sensitivity and specificity of the MUAC tape to screen the malnourished child were found out. Sensitivity of MUAC to categorize a child in red/yellow was only 9.03%, negative predictive value (NPV) was 40.75%, specificity came 95.10%, and positive predictive value was 73.68% on taking WHZ as the gold standard. MUAC has a limited role in screening out an undernourished child (red/yellow category), whereas it has a good role in screening healthy children (green category).
中上臂围(MUAC)测量手臂的肌肉和脂肪面积。使用中上臂围作为评估营养不良的筛查指标有以下优点:它使用的设备简单,在现场携带方便,而且只需极少的培训。在印度,"中上臂围 "在许多营养项目中被广泛使用和接受。 本研究的主要目的是比较儿童的不同人体测量参数,并验证中上臂围在筛查营养不良儿童方面的实用性和局限性。 我们对本部门实地实践区内选定的分中心的所有 anganwadi 中心进行了人体测量记录。体重、身高、MUAC 等测量值是根据世界卫生组织的标准指南进行的,并在 "Anthro 软件 3.2.2 "的帮助下进行了计算。比较了 MUAC 测量带的分类和体重身高 Z 值(WHZ),从而得出了 MUAC 测量带筛查营养不良儿童的灵敏度和特异性。 以体重-身高 Z 值为金标准,MUAC 将儿童分为红色/黄色的灵敏度仅为 9.03%,阴性预测值(NPV)为 40.75%,特异性为 95.10%,阳性预测值为 73.68%。 MUAC在筛查营养不良儿童(红色/黄色类别)方面作用有限,而在筛查健康儿童(绿色类别)方面作用良好。
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引用次数: 0
Erratum: Cine Medicine in Indian Scenario: A SWOT Analysis. 勘误:印度的电影医学:SWOT 分析。
IF 0.9 Q4 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-24 DOI: 10.4103/IJCM.IJCM_267_24

[This corrects the article on p. 255 in vol. 49, PMID: 38665454.].

[此处更正了第 49 卷第 255 页的文章,PMID:38665454]。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Indian Journal of Community Medicine
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