Abstract This study was carried out to find a method to determine the seed germination ability (percentage) in the Turkish red pine (Pinus brutia Ten.) quickly and with high reliability. For this purpose, 82 seed lots of Turkish red pine were used, collected from different seed stands and orchards in different years. Since none of the seeds were folded, the germination ability was evaluated in a period between the 7th to 28th days. The seeds were divided into 4 groups (20–39.9%, 40–59.9%, 60–79.9%, 80–100%). Germination Percentage Index (GPI) are expressed with the mid-value of the related interval (e.g. GPI_30: germination ability between 20–39.9%). Four different germination percentage intervals describing the germination percentage was fitted with 11 different regression models. The best fit of these models was determined by 7 fitness measures. As a result, the current germination percentage increment reached the highest values on the 13th, 13th, 14th, and 13th day for the indexes of 90, 70, 50, and 30, respectively. Within this study, it has been revealed that germination percentages in Turkish red pine seed lots can be predicted 7 to 10 days in advance.
{"title":"A new method for early prediction of Turkish red pine (Pinus brutia Ten.) germination percentage","authors":"A. C. Aydın, Alper Ahmet Özbey, M. Çalıkoğlu","doi":"10.2478/forj-2022-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/forj-2022-0017","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study was carried out to find a method to determine the seed germination ability (percentage) in the Turkish red pine (Pinus brutia Ten.) quickly and with high reliability. For this purpose, 82 seed lots of Turkish red pine were used, collected from different seed stands and orchards in different years. Since none of the seeds were folded, the germination ability was evaluated in a period between the 7th to 28th days. The seeds were divided into 4 groups (20–39.9%, 40–59.9%, 60–79.9%, 80–100%). Germination Percentage Index (GPI) are expressed with the mid-value of the related interval (e.g. GPI_30: germination ability between 20–39.9%). Four different germination percentage intervals describing the germination percentage was fitted with 11 different regression models. The best fit of these models was determined by 7 fitness measures. As a result, the current germination percentage increment reached the highest values on the 13th, 13th, 14th, and 13th day for the indexes of 90, 70, 50, and 30, respectively. Within this study, it has been revealed that germination percentages in Turkish red pine seed lots can be predicted 7 to 10 days in advance.","PeriodicalId":45042,"journal":{"name":"Central European Forestry Journal","volume":"69 1","pages":"38 - 48"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43792216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Damage on forests by large wild herbivores, especially by red deer (Cervus elaphus L.) has been increasing in Central Europe including Slovakia. Therefore, we attempted to estimate the forage potential, i.e. potentially available bark for consumption by large wild herbivores and actually consumed bark of common rowan (Sorbus aucuparia L.) and goat willow (Salix caprea L.). For these purposes, we measured basic tree characteristics and dimensions (length and width) of wounds due to bark browsing at 15 plots located in a young mixed forest stand (Javorníky Mts; Slovakia). Browsing was recorded separately for four stem sections: 0–50, 51–100, 101–150, and 151–200 cm measured from the ground level. Three stem bark browsing metrics were implemented: browsed bark area (cm2), browsed bark mass (g) and portion of browsed bark mass to total stem bark mass representing potential forage for game expressed in percent. We proved that while common rowan and goat willow were browsed in a great extent, nearly no damage occurred on stems of Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) and silver birch (Betula pendula Roth.). Our estimates showed that the total forage potential of stem bark at common rowan and goat willow was about 13.4 kg per 100 m2 of a forest stand. We learnt from our estimates for instance that the total available stem bark at 100 m2 of our young mixed forest might suffice (if theoretically entire potential was exploited) for red deer, fallow deer (Dama dama L.) and mouflon (Ovis aries musimon L.) for one, two and nearly four weeks, respectively. At the same, that during four years, large wild herbivores browsed nearly 2.6 kg of bark per 100 m2 area, i.e. about 1/5 of the available potential on rowans and willows. It seems like common rowan and goat willow might generate important resources of forage for large wild herbivores and would be treated as a part of biological protection of target tree species against bark browsing.
{"title":"What have we learnt from the stand level estimates on stem bark browsing by large wild herbivores?","authors":"B. Konôpka, V. Šebeň, J. Pajtík","doi":"10.2478/forj-2023-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/forj-2023-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Damage on forests by large wild herbivores, especially by red deer (Cervus elaphus L.) has been increasing in Central Europe including Slovakia. Therefore, we attempted to estimate the forage potential, i.e. potentially available bark for consumption by large wild herbivores and actually consumed bark of common rowan (Sorbus aucuparia L.) and goat willow (Salix caprea L.). For these purposes, we measured basic tree characteristics and dimensions (length and width) of wounds due to bark browsing at 15 plots located in a young mixed forest stand (Javorníky Mts; Slovakia). Browsing was recorded separately for four stem sections: 0–50, 51–100, 101–150, and 151–200 cm measured from the ground level. Three stem bark browsing metrics were implemented: browsed bark area (cm2), browsed bark mass (g) and portion of browsed bark mass to total stem bark mass representing potential forage for game expressed in percent. We proved that while common rowan and goat willow were browsed in a great extent, nearly no damage occurred on stems of Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) and silver birch (Betula pendula Roth.). Our estimates showed that the total forage potential of stem bark at common rowan and goat willow was about 13.4 kg per 100 m2 of a forest stand. We learnt from our estimates for instance that the total available stem bark at 100 m2 of our young mixed forest might suffice (if theoretically entire potential was exploited) for red deer, fallow deer (Dama dama L.) and mouflon (Ovis aries musimon L.) for one, two and nearly four weeks, respectively. At the same, that during four years, large wild herbivores browsed nearly 2.6 kg of bark per 100 m2 area, i.e. about 1/5 of the available potential on rowans and willows. It seems like common rowan and goat willow might generate important resources of forage for large wild herbivores and would be treated as a part of biological protection of target tree species against bark browsing.","PeriodicalId":45042,"journal":{"name":"Central European Forestry Journal","volume":"69 1","pages":"21 - 30"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43816007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Bačić, M. Landekić, M. Šušnjar, M. Šporčić, Z. Pandur
Abstract Forest cleaning, being an operation that requires investment, but the return on investment is due for the next generations, utilizes tools and methods that mostly haven’t been humanized. Harmful vibration is still present in today’s forestry operations, and new tools provide possible reduction of exposure to vibrations. Petrol chainsaw and battery chainsaw (late cleaning) and billhook, machete, and battery shears (early cleaning) were used and observed in this study. Vibration levels were measured and assessed using validated Brüel & Kjær 4447 vibrometer which complies with the ISO 8041:2017 standard. The measurement was performed according to the recommendations of ISO 5349-1:2001 and ISO 5349-2:2001 standards. Vibration exposure was assesed using work sampling method on the obtained video recordings in order to calculate relative shares of different work elements. Results show that hand tools (machete and billhook) are causing the highest vibration levels, while battery shears cause the lowest. Battery chainsaw causes higher vibration levels while cutting, but lower daily vibration exposure than petrol chainsaw. A detailed revision in the classification of tools is needed, considering their ability to produce and transmit harmful vibrations to the operator. Using the current classification, the daily exposure to vibration of workers in early forest cleaning is high above legislative values.
摘要森林清洁是一项需要投资，但投资回报留给下一代的作业，使用的工具和方法大多没有人性化。在今天的林业作业中，有害的振动仍然存在，而新的工具可以减少振动的暴露。本研究使用了汽油链锯和电池链锯(后期清洗)以及billhook，砍刀和电池剪(早期清洗)。使用符合ISO 8041:2017标准的经过验证的br el & k ær 4447振动计测量和评估振动水平。测量是根据ISO 5349-1:2001和ISO 5349-2:2001标准的建议进行的。采用工作采样法对获得的录像进行振动暴露评估，以计算不同工作要素的相对份额。结果表明，手动工具(砍刀和billhook)引起的振动程度最高，而电池剪刀引起的振动程度最低。电池链锯导致更高的振动水平，而切割，但较低的日常振动暴露比汽油链锯。考虑到工具产生和传递有害振动的能力，需要对工具的分类进行详细的修订。使用目前的分类，早期森林清洁工人的日常接触振动高于立法值。
{"title":"Vibration levels and daily vibration exposure while using different tools in a forest cleaning","authors":"M. Bačić, M. Landekić, M. Šušnjar, M. Šporčić, Z. Pandur","doi":"10.2478/forj-2022-0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/forj-2022-0015","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Forest cleaning, being an operation that requires investment, but the return on investment is due for the next generations, utilizes tools and methods that mostly haven’t been humanized. Harmful vibration is still present in today’s forestry operations, and new tools provide possible reduction of exposure to vibrations. Petrol chainsaw and battery chainsaw (late cleaning) and billhook, machete, and battery shears (early cleaning) were used and observed in this study. Vibration levels were measured and assessed using validated Brüel & Kjær 4447 vibrometer which complies with the ISO 8041:2017 standard. The measurement was performed according to the recommendations of ISO 5349-1:2001 and ISO 5349-2:2001 standards. Vibration exposure was assesed using work sampling method on the obtained video recordings in order to calculate relative shares of different work elements. Results show that hand tools (machete and billhook) are causing the highest vibration levels, while battery shears cause the lowest. Battery chainsaw causes higher vibration levels while cutting, but lower daily vibration exposure than petrol chainsaw. A detailed revision in the classification of tools is needed, considering their ability to produce and transmit harmful vibrations to the operator. Using the current classification, the daily exposure to vibration of workers in early forest cleaning is high above legislative values.","PeriodicalId":45042,"journal":{"name":"Central European Forestry Journal","volume":"69 1","pages":"49 - 58"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45518005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Matejević, V. Marković, Markéta Kalábová, Z. Ristic, M. Kovačević, Igor Ponjiger, Isidora Popović
Abstract Hunting tourism can have significant positive economic effects on the local community. The objective of the paper is to estimate the direct economic impact of roe deer hunting tourism, with a focus on regional level, by applying the Nordic Model. Analysis was based on data gathered in the autumn of 2021, from the interviews with hunting ground managers and hunting tourism outfitters, and a literature review. The length of stay of tourist hunters ranged from 2 to 6 days. According to the interviews and statistical data, one hunting tourist spent an average of 2,121 € per hunting day in Serbia. In 2019 the direct economic income of roe deer hunting tourism in Vojvodina was 623,574 €. The regional economic impact of hunting tourism in Vojvodina is significant given the small number of tourists from whom substantial income is generated. Developing of hunting activates on one or more game species could bring significant economic benefits to these kind of local communities. Resources raised through hunting tourism are later used in these regions through direct investment and as a tool for sustainable wildlife management, and thus, the ecological and economic sustainability of hunting tourism is crucial and must be considered in future development process.
{"title":"Economic impact of roe deer tourist hunts in Vojvodina (Serbia)","authors":"M. Matejević, V. Marković, Markéta Kalábová, Z. Ristic, M. Kovačević, Igor Ponjiger, Isidora Popović","doi":"10.2478/forj-2023-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/forj-2023-0005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Hunting tourism can have significant positive economic effects on the local community. The objective of the paper is to estimate the direct economic impact of roe deer hunting tourism, with a focus on regional level, by applying the Nordic Model. Analysis was based on data gathered in the autumn of 2021, from the interviews with hunting ground managers and hunting tourism outfitters, and a literature review. The length of stay of tourist hunters ranged from 2 to 6 days. According to the interviews and statistical data, one hunting tourist spent an average of 2,121 € per hunting day in Serbia. In 2019 the direct economic income of roe deer hunting tourism in Vojvodina was 623,574 €. The regional economic impact of hunting tourism in Vojvodina is significant given the small number of tourists from whom substantial income is generated. Developing of hunting activates on one or more game species could bring significant economic benefits to these kind of local communities. Resources raised through hunting tourism are later used in these regions through direct investment and as a tool for sustainable wildlife management, and thus, the ecological and economic sustainability of hunting tourism is crucial and must be considered in future development process.","PeriodicalId":45042,"journal":{"name":"Central European Forestry Journal","volume":"69 1","pages":"31 - 37"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43539855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Luboš Stanëk, J. Neruda, Václav Mergl, Tomáš Kotek
Abstract This study deals with a question whether the magnitude of vibrations affecting the power saw operator during the tree felling is still the same or not. For this purpose, the tree felling was broken down into several partial operations (pruning of lower tree part; cutting of buttresses; felling; delimbing) at which the values of vibrations were recorded and mutually compared. The vibrations were measured during the felling of 121 trees with the activity being made by one feller with one type of power saw and one type of power saw chain, and the felled trees included both live and dead standing trees. The vibrations were measured on the front and rear handles of the power saw in compliance with standards EN ISO 22867, EN ISO 5349-1 and EN ISO 5349–2. As to the mutual comparison, research results demonstrated a difference in 69.23% of cases. A maximum increase of vibrations during the experiment (17.0 m s–2) was recorded on the rear handle during the partial activity of Delimbing live trees, the lowest increase of vibrations (0.320 m s–2) being localized in the same partial activity, only on the front handle.
摘要本研究探讨了在砍伐树木过程中影响电锯操作员的振动幅度是否仍然相同的问题。为此，树木砍伐被分解为几个部分操作（修剪树木下部；切割扶壁；砍伐；分解），记录振动值并相互比较。在砍伐121棵树的过程中，测量了振动，其中一名砍伐者使用一种类型的电锯和一种型号的电锯链进行砍伐，砍伐的树木包括活的和死的立着的树木。根据EN ISO 22867、EN ISO 5349-1和EN ISO 5349-2标准，对电动锯的前后手柄进行了振动测量。关于相互比较，研究结果显示69.23%的病例存在差异。在Delimbing活树的部分活动期间，在实验期间，后手柄上记录到振动的最大增加（17.0 m s–2），振动的最低增加（0.320 m s–2中）局限于相同的部分活动，仅在前手柄上。
{"title":"Difference in the magnitude of power saw vibrations affecting the operator during forest felling","authors":"Luboš Stanëk, J. Neruda, Václav Mergl, Tomáš Kotek","doi":"10.2478/forj-2023-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/forj-2023-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study deals with a question whether the magnitude of vibrations affecting the power saw operator during the tree felling is still the same or not. For this purpose, the tree felling was broken down into several partial operations (pruning of lower tree part; cutting of buttresses; felling; delimbing) at which the values of vibrations were recorded and mutually compared. The vibrations were measured during the felling of 121 trees with the activity being made by one feller with one type of power saw and one type of power saw chain, and the felled trees included both live and dead standing trees. The vibrations were measured on the front and rear handles of the power saw in compliance with standards EN ISO 22867, EN ISO 5349-1 and EN ISO 5349–2. As to the mutual comparison, research results demonstrated a difference in 69.23% of cases. A maximum increase of vibrations during the experiment (17.0 m s–2) was recorded on the rear handle during the partial activity of Delimbing live trees, the lowest increase of vibrations (0.320 m s–2) being localized in the same partial activity, only on the front handle.","PeriodicalId":45042,"journal":{"name":"Central European Forestry Journal","volume":"69 1","pages":"59 - 67"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41919383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Airborne laser scanning (ALS) has emerged as a remote sensing technology capable of providing data suitable for deriving all types of elevation models. A canopy height model (CHM), which represents absolute height of objects above the ground in metres (e.g., trees), is the one most commonly used within the forest inventory. The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy of forest inventory performed for forest unit covered 17,583 ha (Slovakia, Central Europe) using the CHM derived from ALS data. This objective also included demonstrating the applicability of freely available data and software. Specifically, ALS data acquired during regular airborne survey, QGIS software, and packages for R environment were used for purpose of this study. A total of 180 testing plots (5.6 ha) were used for accuracy assessment. The differences between CHM-predicted and ground-observed forest stand attributes reached a relative root mean square error at 10.9%, 23.1%, and 34.5% for the mean height, mean diameter, and volume, respectively. Moreover, all predictions were unbiased (p-value < 0.05) and the strength of the relationships between CHM-predicted and ground-observed forest stand attributes were relative high (R2 = 0.7 – 0.8).
{"title":"Forest inventory based on canopy height model derived from airborne laser scanning data","authors":"Ivan Sačkov","doi":"10.2478/forj-2022-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/forj-2022-0013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Airborne laser scanning (ALS) has emerged as a remote sensing technology capable of providing data suitable for deriving all types of elevation models. A canopy height model (CHM), which represents absolute height of objects above the ground in metres (e.g., trees), is the one most commonly used within the forest inventory. The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy of forest inventory performed for forest unit covered 17,583 ha (Slovakia, Central Europe) using the CHM derived from ALS data. This objective also included demonstrating the applicability of freely available data and software. Specifically, ALS data acquired during regular airborne survey, QGIS software, and packages for R environment were used for purpose of this study. A total of 180 testing plots (5.6 ha) were used for accuracy assessment. The differences between CHM-predicted and ground-observed forest stand attributes reached a relative root mean square error at 10.9%, 23.1%, and 34.5% for the mean height, mean diameter, and volume, respectively. Moreover, all predictions were unbiased (p-value < 0.05) and the strength of the relationships between CHM-predicted and ground-observed forest stand attributes were relative high (R2 = 0.7 – 0.8).","PeriodicalId":45042,"journal":{"name":"Central European Forestry Journal","volume":"68 1","pages":"224 - 231"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49279958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Hnilicová, Matej Priatka, R. Hnilica, V. Messingerová
Abstract The paper presents the results of the solution defining the possible application of the adapter as a fire-fighting mobile device with a base machine of a forest wheeled skidder (LKT) in the fire protection of forests in the Slovak Republic. Following the challenging accessibility to fire-fighting machinery during any intervention in forestry operation, the main aim was formulated. It will be about basic technical parameters of the DATEFF fire-fighting adapter, resulting from operational measures and following specification of its tactical deployment in extinguishing forest fires. This fact also follows from based on statistically processed data on fire in state forests of the Slovak Republic in the last ten years. The greatest damage occurs mainly the forests at a slope gradient of 16%. Designed fire adapter is structurally designed mainly to these terrains. Regarding its design and technical parameters, the proposed DATEFF adapter can be employed tactically as fire-fighting mobile device. In the case of an unavailable water source without access to the forest transport network, the adapter can be used as a part of long-distance water transport or as a mobile device for emergency import of material. Another option is to use it as a water tank in inaccessible terrain with the possibility of refilling using a Bambi bag and a helicopter. This fire-fighting adapter DATEFF is designed for forest wheel tractors that reach 40% slope availability, are able to work on the stand area, overcome obstacles and are available in sufficient quantities in all Slovak forest owners.
{"title":"Technological employment of fire-fighting adapter to increase the efficiency of extinguishing forest fires","authors":"M. Hnilicová, Matej Priatka, R. Hnilica, V. Messingerová","doi":"10.2478/forj-2022-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/forj-2022-0009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The paper presents the results of the solution defining the possible application of the adapter as a fire-fighting mobile device with a base machine of a forest wheeled skidder (LKT) in the fire protection of forests in the Slovak Republic. Following the challenging accessibility to fire-fighting machinery during any intervention in forestry operation, the main aim was formulated. It will be about basic technical parameters of the DATEFF fire-fighting adapter, resulting from operational measures and following specification of its tactical deployment in extinguishing forest fires. This fact also follows from based on statistically processed data on fire in state forests of the Slovak Republic in the last ten years. The greatest damage occurs mainly the forests at a slope gradient of 16%. Designed fire adapter is structurally designed mainly to these terrains. Regarding its design and technical parameters, the proposed DATEFF adapter can be employed tactically as fire-fighting mobile device. In the case of an unavailable water source without access to the forest transport network, the adapter can be used as a part of long-distance water transport or as a mobile device for emergency import of material. Another option is to use it as a water tank in inaccessible terrain with the possibility of refilling using a Bambi bag and a helicopter. This fire-fighting adapter DATEFF is designed for forest wheel tractors that reach 40% slope availability, are able to work on the stand area, overcome obstacles and are available in sufficient quantities in all Slovak forest owners.","PeriodicalId":45042,"journal":{"name":"Central European Forestry Journal","volume":"68 1","pages":"238 - 250"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48155104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Forest management adaptation to climate change is a matter of forest type, disturbances regime, and forest owners’ behavior face the climate change issue. Knowing factors that determine people respond to climate change challenges is essential to explaining their perceptions of climate change adaptation. We have conducted astudy in North-Eastern Romania applying the Model of Private Proactive Adaptation to Climate Change. The aim was to identify private forest owners’ perceptions about climate change and forest management threats and constraints and to analyse what variables differentiate private forest owners’ adaptation behavior. The PFOs with higher education were aware of the forest regime regarding private management. They knew how to assess climate change risk, while those with secondary education were the only interest was obtaining wood. The PFOs’ risk experience played an important role in adaptation. The perceptions and beliefs of PFOs were strongly influenced by socio-economic status, and they believe in climate change effects on forests but not on theirs. Adaption has become less urgent because forest management problems blur climate change beliefs. Assuming that the Romanian PFOs’ perceptions and beliefs about climate change will follow the European trend, they will want to improve their knowledge about climate change impacts and adaptive measures. Therefore, aggregating the interested PFOs, creating suitable communication channels, and organizing trainings on forest management adaptation to climate change will be needed to prevent this need.
{"title":"Perceived climate change risks among other risks affecting private forest owners in a top-down decision-making process","authors":"C. Coșofreț, L. Bouriaud","doi":"10.2478/forj-2022-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/forj-2022-0012","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Forest management adaptation to climate change is a matter of forest type, disturbances regime, and forest owners’ behavior face the climate change issue. Knowing factors that determine people respond to climate change challenges is essential to explaining their perceptions of climate change adaptation. We have conducted astudy in North-Eastern Romania applying the Model of Private Proactive Adaptation to Climate Change. The aim was to identify private forest owners’ perceptions about climate change and forest management threats and constraints and to analyse what variables differentiate private forest owners’ adaptation behavior. The PFOs with higher education were aware of the forest regime regarding private management. They knew how to assess climate change risk, while those with secondary education were the only interest was obtaining wood. The PFOs’ risk experience played an important role in adaptation. The perceptions and beliefs of PFOs were strongly influenced by socio-economic status, and they believe in climate change effects on forests but not on theirs. Adaption has become less urgent because forest management problems blur climate change beliefs. Assuming that the Romanian PFOs’ perceptions and beliefs about climate change will follow the European trend, they will want to improve their knowledge about climate change impacts and adaptive measures. Therefore, aggregating the interested PFOs, creating suitable communication channels, and organizing trainings on forest management adaptation to climate change will be needed to prevent this need.","PeriodicalId":45042,"journal":{"name":"Central European Forestry Journal","volume":"68 1","pages":"203 - 213"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48055247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Bucha, Zuzana Sitková, H. Pavlendová, Z. Snopková
Abstract The study focuses on the validation of the leaf unfolding (LU) onset of oak stands in the Western Carpathians in 2000–2021 derived from MODIS satellite data. LU onset was derived from the annual trajectories of the Normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI) fitted with a double sigmoid logistic function. The satellite metric Growing speed day (GSD) corresponding to the LU onset is represented by the first derivative of the sigmoid function. Ground-based observations from 22 phenological stations of the Slovak Hydrometeorological Institute (SHMI) were used to validate the date of GSD. The results showed a good agreement between the medians of ground- and satellite-based LU onset dates. In addition to the median, the LU onset at the 5th and 95th percentiles were compared. For both percentiles, we found differences in the onset from MODIS and SHMI. The 5th percentile of the LU onset derived from MODIS was determined later than the one from SHMI data. With the 95th percentile, it was the opposite. As a result, the range determining the duration of LU onset from MODIS was significantly shorter than from SHMI observations. The trend analyses over the period 2000–2021 revealed a shift to the earlier onset of LU ~ 0.33 day.year−1 (p = 0.13) from satellite and ~ 0.32 day.year−1 from ground-based observations (p = 0.08). The validated LU onset and trends using the median allow analysing of the oak stands response to changing environmental conditions. However, the differences at the 5th and 95th percentiles, i.e. at the beginning and the end of the LU onset duration, remained unexplained.
{"title":"Spring phenology of oak stands in the Western Carpathians: validation of satellite metrics from MODIS using ground-based observations","authors":"T. Bucha, Zuzana Sitková, H. Pavlendová, Z. Snopková","doi":"10.2478/forj-2022-0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/forj-2022-0014","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The study focuses on the validation of the leaf unfolding (LU) onset of oak stands in the Western Carpathians in 2000–2021 derived from MODIS satellite data. LU onset was derived from the annual trajectories of the Normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI) fitted with a double sigmoid logistic function. The satellite metric Growing speed day (GSD) corresponding to the LU onset is represented by the first derivative of the sigmoid function. Ground-based observations from 22 phenological stations of the Slovak Hydrometeorological Institute (SHMI) were used to validate the date of GSD. The results showed a good agreement between the medians of ground- and satellite-based LU onset dates. In addition to the median, the LU onset at the 5th and 95th percentiles were compared. For both percentiles, we found differences in the onset from MODIS and SHMI. The 5th percentile of the LU onset derived from MODIS was determined later than the one from SHMI data. With the 95th percentile, it was the opposite. As a result, the range determining the duration of LU onset from MODIS was significantly shorter than from SHMI observations. The trend analyses over the period 2000–2021 revealed a shift to the earlier onset of LU ~ 0.33 day.year−1 (p = 0.13) from satellite and ~ 0.32 day.year−1 from ground-based observations (p = 0.08). The validated LU onset and trends using the median allow analysing of the oak stands response to changing environmental conditions. However, the differences at the 5th and 95th percentiles, i.e. at the beginning and the end of the LU onset duration, remained unexplained.","PeriodicalId":45042,"journal":{"name":"Central European Forestry Journal","volume":"68 1","pages":"191 - 202"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44358750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Valuation of timber growing in commercial forests is a key issue for forest owners, forest enterprises, but also a starting point for long-term planning in the field of forest management. The subjective approach of the evaluator can, to a large extent, lead to inconsistencies in the area of wood qualitative evaluation. This paper aimed to perform an objective qualitative analysis on a selected set of 179 logs of hardwood raw-wood assortments in a selected Forest enterprise in Slovakia. Qualitative analysis, which was performed by the Technical Conditions used by Lesy SR, š.p. confirms the identical classification of raw-wood assortments, in comparison with the classification performed by the management of the forestry enterprise, in 65 logs (36.3% of logs). In 114 (63.7%) logs, the log assortment was classified in another quality class. Most of the logs, which were reclassified to lower quality classes, showed limiting qualitative features of multiple sweep (83 logs), resp. significant simple sweep over 8 cm/m (5 logs), soft rot over 20% of the end diameter area (10 logs), and decaved knots (19 logs). Our work confirmed that the qualitative evaluation of raw-wood assortments in forestry enterprises in Slovakia is not optimal and correct. The work should thus contribute to improving the setting of optimization processes in the timber production phase in forestry enterprises.
{"title":"Case study of qualitative sorting of raw wood assortments in the conditions of a forestry enterprise in Slovakia","authors":"M. Gejdoš, T. Gergeľ","doi":"10.2478/forj-2022-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/forj-2022-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Valuation of timber growing in commercial forests is a key issue for forest owners, forest enterprises, but also a starting point for long-term planning in the field of forest management. The subjective approach of the evaluator can, to a large extent, lead to inconsistencies in the area of wood qualitative evaluation. This paper aimed to perform an objective qualitative analysis on a selected set of 179 logs of hardwood raw-wood assortments in a selected Forest enterprise in Slovakia. Qualitative analysis, which was performed by the Technical Conditions used by Lesy SR, š.p. confirms the identical classification of raw-wood assortments, in comparison with the classification performed by the management of the forestry enterprise, in 65 logs (36.3% of logs). In 114 (63.7%) logs, the log assortment was classified in another quality class. Most of the logs, which were reclassified to lower quality classes, showed limiting qualitative features of multiple sweep (83 logs), resp. significant simple sweep over 8 cm/m (5 logs), soft rot over 20% of the end diameter area (10 logs), and decaved knots (19 logs). Our work confirmed that the qualitative evaluation of raw-wood assortments in forestry enterprises in Slovakia is not optimal and correct. The work should thus contribute to improving the setting of optimization processes in the timber production phase in forestry enterprises.","PeriodicalId":45042,"journal":{"name":"Central European Forestry Journal","volume":"68 1","pages":"232 - 237"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45330493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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