Pub Date : 2019-06-04DOI: 10.18574/nyu/9781479891214.003.0006
S. Halpern-Meekin
This chapter describes the Family Expectations program, which is a long-running relationship education program targeted at low-income, new parents in Oklahoma City. Often women take the lead in suggesting to their male partners that they attend the program, but men are won over once they visit the well-appointed facility with its friendly staff. Couples attend because they desire a better relationship with one another both for themselves and for their children. They enjoy the relationship skills workshops, and the educators’ lessons about communication resonate with them. The program helps couples form shared expectations regarding what counts as healthy relationship dynamics. Their relationships with staff appear to be key to their enjoyment of and participation in the program.
{"title":"Family Expectations","authors":"S. Halpern-Meekin","doi":"10.18574/nyu/9781479891214.003.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479891214.003.0006","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter describes the Family Expectations program, which is a long-running relationship education program targeted at low-income, new parents in Oklahoma City. Often women take the lead in suggesting to their male partners that they attend the program, but men are won over once they visit the well-appointed facility with its friendly staff. Couples attend because they desire a better relationship with one another both for themselves and for their children. They enjoy the relationship skills workshops, and the educators’ lessons about communication resonate with them. The program helps couples form shared expectations regarding what counts as healthy relationship dynamics. Their relationships with staff appear to be key to their enjoyment of and participation in the program.","PeriodicalId":45090,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Poverty and Social Justice","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2019-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89738364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-04DOI: 10.18574/nyu/9781479891214.003.0008
S. Halpern-Meekin
In this chapter, drawing on interviews with parents approximately a year after they enrolled in the program, participants reflected on what it meant to them to take part. Some credited the program with helping to address core issues in their relationships, often around trust and communication. This did not mean relationships were perfect or arguments didn’t occur. Rather, couples saw things moving in the right direction, which gave them a sense that their relationships were worth investing in. When couples had inadequate living space or social-psychological resources, it could be difficult for them to institute the techniques they learned in the program. Women who broke up with their partners felt supported by the program staff during this transition. These findings can shed light on the quantitative results of a federally funded national study of relationship education programs, Building Strong Families.
{"title":"Relationship and Parenting Changes","authors":"S. Halpern-Meekin","doi":"10.18574/nyu/9781479891214.003.0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479891214.003.0008","url":null,"abstract":"In this chapter, drawing on interviews with parents approximately a year after they enrolled in the program, participants reflected on what it meant to them to take part. Some credited the program with helping to address core issues in their relationships, often around trust and communication. This did not mean relationships were perfect or arguments didn’t occur. Rather, couples saw things moving in the right direction, which gave them a sense that their relationships were worth investing in. When couples had inadequate living space or social-psychological resources, it could be difficult for them to institute the techniques they learned in the program. Women who broke up with their partners felt supported by the program staff during this transition. These findings can shed light on the quantitative results of a federally funded national study of relationship education programs, Building Strong Families.","PeriodicalId":45090,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Poverty and Social Justice","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2019-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88259288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-04DOI: 10.18574/nyu/9781479891214.003.0004
S. Halpern-Meekin
This chapter draws on role theory and the changing cultural norms around relationships to explain how a risk of social poverty accompanies parents’ attempts to build lasting partnerships. These couples want to create and maintain healthy, lasting unions and parent their children together. Often their relationships are young, and so they are figuring out how to successfully occupy these roles. Role theory helps explain the challenges of the multiple role transitions—to adulthood, partnership, and parenthood—these young people are undertaking. This is particularly challenging given today’s relaxed social norms for romantic relationships, called “deinstitutionalization.” Despite these relaxed norms, which can make expectations and roles unclear, the partners often share relationship ideals. However, they often face an array of obstacles—such as finances and their concerns about their partners’ and their own abilities to be good spouses—to achieving these ideals; this increases the likelihood of social poverty in their lives.
{"title":"Committing to a Relationship","authors":"S. Halpern-Meekin","doi":"10.18574/nyu/9781479891214.003.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479891214.003.0004","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter draws on role theory and the changing cultural norms around relationships to explain how a risk of social poverty accompanies parents’ attempts to build lasting partnerships. These couples want to create and maintain healthy, lasting unions and parent their children together. Often their relationships are young, and so they are figuring out how to successfully occupy these roles. Role theory helps explain the challenges of the multiple role transitions—to adulthood, partnership, and parenthood—these young people are undertaking. This is particularly challenging given today’s relaxed social norms for romantic relationships, called “deinstitutionalization.” Despite these relaxed norms, which can make expectations and roles unclear, the partners often share relationship ideals. However, they often face an array of obstacles—such as finances and their concerns about their partners’ and their own abilities to be good spouses—to achieving these ideals; this increases the likelihood of social poverty in their lives.","PeriodicalId":45090,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Poverty and Social Justice","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2019-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90363314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-04DOI: 10.18574/nyu/9781479891214.003.0002
S. Halpern-Meekin
This chapter elaborates on the concept of social poverty, engaging with previous theory and research across the fields of sociology, psychology, and health to explain the importance of social poverty and its particular salience in the lives of young, unmarried parents with new babies and limited budgets. The concept of social poverty contrasts with much of the social capital literature’s emphasis, which often focuses on the use value of social ties rather than their inherent value to people. Social poverty is marked by the perceived absence of relationships that are of adequate quality to meet socioemotional needs. Social poverty, including feelings of loneliness or social isolation, can have consequences for psychological and physical health. Young, poor parents are making a variety of life transitions to adulthood, partnership, and parenthood, which can raise the risk of social poverty by creating instability and making it more difficult to develop trust in relationships.
{"title":"Young, Poor Parents","authors":"S. Halpern-Meekin","doi":"10.18574/nyu/9781479891214.003.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479891214.003.0002","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter elaborates on the concept of social poverty, engaging with previous theory and research across the fields of sociology, psychology, and health to explain the importance of social poverty and its particular salience in the lives of young, unmarried parents with new babies and limited budgets. The concept of social poverty contrasts with much of the social capital literature’s emphasis, which often focuses on the use value of social ties rather than their inherent value to people. Social poverty is marked by the perceived absence of relationships that are of adequate quality to meet socioemotional needs. Social poverty, including feelings of loneliness or social isolation, can have consequences for psychological and physical health. Young, poor parents are making a variety of life transitions to adulthood, partnership, and parenthood, which can raise the risk of social poverty by creating instability and making it more difficult to develop trust in relationships.","PeriodicalId":45090,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Poverty and Social Justice","volume":"117 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2019-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75896996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-04DOI: 10.18574/nyu/9781479891214.003.0003
S. Halpern-Meekin
This chapter explains the challenges of the transition to adulthood for the young parents in this study, and it reflects on the implications of this transition for their risk of social poverty. In today’s culture, the transition to adulthood is a self-focused time of instability and exploration. Young people are often not settled with their education, employment and career plans, living situation, transportation, and ability to pay the bills. The multitude of changes and possible futures of this stage in life make it more difficult for romantic couples to create a stable foundation for a future together and commit to one another, when so much of what is to come is unknown. In many ways, the transition to adulthood can increase the risk of social poverty.
{"title":"Becoming an Adult","authors":"S. Halpern-Meekin","doi":"10.18574/nyu/9781479891214.003.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479891214.003.0003","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter explains the challenges of the transition to adulthood for the young parents in this study, and it reflects on the implications of this transition for their risk of social poverty. In today’s culture, the transition to adulthood is a self-focused time of instability and exploration. Young people are often not settled with their education, employment and career plans, living situation, transportation, and ability to pay the bills. The multitude of changes and possible futures of this stage in life make it more difficult for romantic couples to create a stable foundation for a future together and commit to one another, when so much of what is to come is unknown. In many ways, the transition to adulthood can increase the risk of social poverty.","PeriodicalId":45090,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Poverty and Social Justice","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2019-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74634441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.1332/175982719X15478021367809
Wieteke Conen, Karin Schulze Buschoff
In this article we compare solo self-employment in Germany and the Netherlands. We identify parallels and differences in the structure of solo self-employment and examine to what extent self-employment is related to a precarious situation in terms of earnings and social security. The results show that solo self-employed workers are relatively vulnerable in terms of income and disability insurance in both countries. As compared to the Netherlands, German solo self-employed workers seem to have a higher risk of precariousness, particularly in terms of income and poverty in old age. The article concludes with recommendations for action that follow from the findings.
{"title":"Precariousness among solo self-employed workers: a German‐Dutch comparison","authors":"Wieteke Conen, Karin Schulze Buschoff","doi":"10.1332/175982719X15478021367809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1332/175982719X15478021367809","url":null,"abstract":"In this article we compare solo self-employment in Germany and the Netherlands. We identify parallels and differences in the structure of solo self-employment and examine to what extent self-employment is related to a precarious situation in terms of earnings and social security. The\u0000 results show that solo self-employed workers are relatively vulnerable in terms of income and disability insurance in both countries. As compared to the Netherlands, German solo self-employed workers seem to have a higher risk of precariousness, particularly in terms of income and poverty\u0000 in old age. The article concludes with recommendations for action that follow from the findings.","PeriodicalId":45090,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Poverty and Social Justice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1332/175982719X15478021367809","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45159529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.1332/175982718X15451304489459
Sandra Obiol-Francés, Antonio Santos-Ortega, David Muñoz-Rodríguez
This article stems from an interest in discovering how working conditions have changed in qualified professions in Spain, concentrating on lawyers. Using a qualitative method, we have found significant sources of precariousness that are transforming the profession’s ways. Throughout this article, light has been cast on the connections between the changing professional model of the lawyer’s job over the past three decades and the emergence of precarious situations. Our findings highlight that there has been a transformation in the occupation of lawyers in Spain: income and professional careers are marked by extreme uncertainty, raising psychosocial risks.
{"title":"Job precariousness among lawyers in Spain","authors":"Sandra Obiol-Francés, Antonio Santos-Ortega, David Muñoz-Rodríguez","doi":"10.1332/175982718X15451304489459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1332/175982718X15451304489459","url":null,"abstract":"This article stems from an interest in discovering how working conditions have changed in qualified professions in Spain, concentrating on lawyers. Using a qualitative method, we have found significant sources of precariousness that are transforming the profession’s ways. Throughout\u0000 this article, light has been cast on the connections between the changing professional model of the lawyer’s job over the past three decades and the emergence of precarious situations. Our findings highlight that there has been a transformation in the occupation of lawyers in Spain:\u0000 income and professional careers are marked by extreme uncertainty, raising psychosocial risks.","PeriodicalId":45090,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Poverty and Social Justice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43411119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.1332/175982719X15538490796257
M. Dodaro
Using Milan’s entrepreneurship policies as a case-study, this paper explores the diversity that the broad policy category of ‘inclusive entrepreneurship’ may entail in terms of policy instruments and participants’ experiences. To this end, the study considers policymakers, practitioners and young adults receiving local support to establish their own businesses. It does so by drawing on qualitative interviews. It argues that inclusive entrepreneurship policies may entail a ‘differentiated inclusion’ that is produced by the simultaneous interaction between diversified policy instruments and a system of inequalities that affect individual capacities to strategise entrepreneurial risks and opportunities.
{"title":"Milan’s inclusive entrepreneurship policies: the risk of ‘differentiated inclusion’","authors":"M. Dodaro","doi":"10.1332/175982719X15538490796257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1332/175982719X15538490796257","url":null,"abstract":"Using Milan’s entrepreneurship policies as a case-study, this paper explores the diversity that the broad policy category of ‘inclusive entrepreneurship’ may entail in terms of policy instruments and participants’ experiences. To this end, the study considers\u0000 policymakers, practitioners and young adults receiving local support to establish their own businesses. It does so by drawing on qualitative interviews. It argues that inclusive entrepreneurship policies may entail a ‘differentiated inclusion’ that is produced by the simultaneous\u0000 interaction between diversified policy instruments and a system of inequalities that affect individual capacities to strategise entrepreneurial risks and opportunities.","PeriodicalId":45090,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Poverty and Social Justice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1332/175982719X15538490796257","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41844457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.1332/175982719X15538492348045
S. Spasova, Denis Bouget, D. Ghailani, B. Vanhercke
Given the mounting importance of self-employment on the political and policy agenda on a national and EU level, this article sheds light on the under- researched area of social protection for these workers. It focuses on their statutory access to social protection schemes in 35 European countries. We classify social protection systems into three categories based on the access they provide to insurance-based schemes for the self-employed. Crucially, we discuss the link between statutory access to social protection for these workers and typologies of welfare regimes and show that it tends to follow the main institutional patterns of these.
{"title":"Self-employment and social protection: understanding variations between welfare regimes","authors":"S. Spasova, Denis Bouget, D. Ghailani, B. Vanhercke","doi":"10.1332/175982719X15538492348045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1332/175982719X15538492348045","url":null,"abstract":"Given the mounting importance of self-employment on the political and policy agenda on a national and EU level, this article sheds light on the under- researched area of social protection for these workers. It focuses on their statutory access to social protection schemes in 35 European\u0000 countries. We classify social protection systems into three categories based on the access they provide to insurance-based schemes for the self-employed. Crucially, we discuss the link between statutory access to social protection for these workers and typologies of welfare regimes and show\u0000 that it tends to follow the main institutional patterns of these.","PeriodicalId":45090,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Poverty and Social Justice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1332/175982719X15538492348045","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49009227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.1332/175982719X15538489216856
S. Rossetti, S. E. Heeger-Hertter
The growth of solo self-employed workers in the Netherlands (zzp’ers) has not yet triggered a debate on how to combine their income security and business autonomy. The extent to which the social protection system and interest groups promote zzp’ers to take up collective arrangements mitigating income insecurity due to work incapacity and preventing income insecurity due to poor employability is investigated using the social risk management framework. Correcting economic obstacles and irrational risk perceptions, collective arrangements are found to encourage the take-up of work incapacity insurance and training among zzp’ers.
{"title":"The collective risk management of solo self-employed workers in the Netherlands","authors":"S. Rossetti, S. E. Heeger-Hertter","doi":"10.1332/175982719X15538489216856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1332/175982719X15538489216856","url":null,"abstract":"The growth of solo self-employed workers in the Netherlands (zzp’ers) has not yet triggered a debate on how to combine their income security and business autonomy. The extent to which the social protection system and interest groups promote zzp’ers to take up collective\u0000 arrangements mitigating income insecurity due to work incapacity and preventing income insecurity due to poor employability is investigated using the social risk management framework. Correcting economic obstacles and irrational risk perceptions, collective arrangements are found to encourage\u0000 the take-up of work incapacity insurance and training among zzp’ers.","PeriodicalId":45090,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Poverty and Social Justice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48827227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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