This article aims to shed light on the spatial experiences of newly arrived pupils in relation to both their social and academic life at school. Data is derived from an on-going municipal project and includes 90 photographic images taken by nine newly arrived pupils as a basis for auto-driven photo elicitation interview methodology. The study draws on analytical spatial concepts and is placed within a theoretical frame contributed by the geography scholar Doreen Massey and three propositions. The interviewed pupils express mainly positive experiences. The find ings also reveal the complexity of space in school. decision-makers the relation between space and interculturality) that are mutu-ally connected to time links between a space and contemporary discourses), constructed, non-fixed and non-neutral. Furthermore, the presented results supported Massey’s view of space as being interconnected with change and power, as the interviews chronicled migration of young students to another country, and thus, connected space to a broad geographical perspective.The experiences of the pupils were explored via a data collection process that heavily relied on the pupils’ photographs of places and spaces in their schools. Our findings demonstrate how the applied data collection process can be used to draw a rich picture of individual experiences, which, when considered together, constitute a constellation of collective experiences. It could be argued that the approach of asking for images of places where good things happened risks leaving out negative experiences. The research team also considered the implications of the applied approach and decided to include the ‘magic wand’ question to allow students in school improved. Several students brought up less positive other parts of the interviews.
{"title":"Using Photo Elicitation Interviews to Explore Newly Arrived Pupils’ Social and Academic Experiences","authors":"Anita Norlund","doi":"10.33134/NJMR.410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33134/NJMR.410","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to shed light on the spatial experiences of newly arrived pupils in relation to both their social and academic life at school. Data is derived from an on-going municipal project and includes 90 photographic images taken by nine newly arrived pupils as a basis for auto-driven photo elicitation interview methodology. The study draws on analytical spatial concepts and is placed within a theoretical frame contributed by the geography scholar Doreen Massey and three propositions. The interviewed pupils express mainly positive experiences. The find ings also reveal the complexity of space in school. decision-makers the relation between space and interculturality) that are mutu-ally connected to time links between a space and contemporary discourses), constructed, non-fixed and non-neutral. Furthermore, the presented results supported Massey’s view of space as being interconnected with change and power, as the interviews chronicled migration of young students to another country, and thus, connected space to a broad geographical perspective.The experiences of the pupils were explored via a data collection process that heavily relied on the pupils’ photographs of places and spaces in their schools. Our findings demonstrate how the applied data collection process can be used to draw a rich picture of individual experiences, which, when considered together, constitute a constellation of collective experiences. It could be argued that the approach of asking for images of places where good things happened risks leaving out negative experiences. The research team also considered the implications of the applied approach and decided to include the ‘magic wand’ question to allow students in school improved. Several students brought up less positive other parts of the interviews.","PeriodicalId":45097,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Migration Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43133565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Jozefien Van Caeneghem. 2019. Legal Aspects of Ethnic Data Collection and Positive Action: The Roma Minority in Europe. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland. 728 pp.","authors":"E. Esien","doi":"10.33134/NJMR.415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33134/NJMR.415","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45097,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Migration Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44673039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Asians in Sweden make up over 200,000 inhabitants. However, compared to the Afro-Swedes, the Latin Americans or the minority inhabitants who have a background in the Middle East, the Swedish Asians are largely absent from the political, cultural and academic spheres in contemporary Sweden. This absence applies in both minority and migrant contexts as well as in connection with migration and integration issues. This article consists of a study of literary texts written by minority authors who themselves are not Asians and in whose works Asians appear as characters as well as an analysis of texts written by Swedish Asians who write about how both majority Swedes and minority residents view them. The purpose is to try to understand this relative absence of Asians within both minority Sweden and majority Sweden and why they are so absent in relation to contemporary Swedish race relations.
{"title":"In Search of the Swedish Asians: Representations of Asians and Experiences of Being Asian in Contemporary Sweden as Reflected in the Non-White Swedish Literature","authors":"Tobias Hübinette","doi":"10.33134/NJMR.406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33134/NJMR.406","url":null,"abstract":"Asians in Sweden make up over 200,000 inhabitants. However, compared to the Afro-Swedes, the Latin Americans or the minority inhabitants who have a background in the Middle East, the Swedish Asians are largely absent from the political, cultural and academic spheres in contemporary Sweden. This absence applies in both minority and migrant contexts as well as in connection with migration and integration issues. This article consists of a study of literary texts written by minority authors who themselves are not Asians and in whose works Asians appear as characters as well as an analysis of texts written by Swedish Asians who write about how both majority Swedes and minority residents view them. The purpose is to try to understand this relative absence of Asians within both minority Sweden and majority Sweden and why they are so absent in relation to contemporary Swedish race relations.","PeriodicalId":45097,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Migration Research","volume":"11 1","pages":"188-201"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42494687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The intra-European migration flows have fostered debates about the intentions of migrants to settle in their destination country or return to their countries of origin. Based on a quantitative analysis of survey data (N = 1391), this article presents a typology of migration patterns among migrants from Latvia in the Nordic countries. Using two dimensions—attachment to the destination country and attachment to the country of origin—the article identifies and characterises the following four migration patterns: (1) bi-nationals, (2) settlers, (3) footloose migrants and (4) isolated migrants who focus on their country of origin and are willing to return (separated).
{"title":"Transnationalism and Settlement of Latvian Emigrants in the Nordic Countries","authors":"Inese Šūpule","doi":"10.33134/NJMR.424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33134/NJMR.424","url":null,"abstract":"The intra-European migration flows have fostered debates about the intentions of migrants to settle in their destination country or return to their countries of origin. Based on a quantitative analysis of survey data (N = 1391), this article presents a typology of migration patterns among migrants from Latvia in the Nordic countries. Using two dimensions—attachment to the destination country and attachment to the country of origin—the article identifies and characterises the following four migration patterns: (1) bi-nationals, (2) settlers, (3) footloose migrants and (4) isolated migrants who focus on their country of origin and are willing to return (separated).","PeriodicalId":45097,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Migration Research","volume":"11 1","pages":"124-141"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44506803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Construction brings together scholarly articles suitable for academics, policy experts and politicians, as well as curious and open-minded readers on the issues of migration and trafficking from a feminist perspective. The book is beneficial to understanding global occurrences of mass migration and trafficking across and within con-tinents. It goes beyond the observable to uncover hidden everyday practices that deepen the gender bias in migration. As a reader, the book is deeply rooted in the issues on migration, with a lesser focus on human trafficking. book has
{"title":"Roli Misra. 2020. Migration, Trafficking and Gender Construction: Women in Transition. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE. 230 pp.","authors":"Emma Seyram Hamenoo","doi":"10.33134/NJMR.402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33134/NJMR.402","url":null,"abstract":"Construction brings together scholarly articles suitable for academics, policy experts and politicians, as well as curious and open-minded readers on the issues of migration and trafficking from a feminist perspective. The book is beneficial to understanding global occurrences of mass migration and trafficking across and within con-tinents. It goes beyond the observable to uncover hidden everyday practices that deepen the gender bias in migration. As a reader, the book is deeply rooted in the issues on migration, with a lesser focus on human trafficking. book has","PeriodicalId":45097,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Migration Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45172149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article analyses how and why the residents of Northwest Russia—holders and users of the unified Schengen multiple-entry ‘C’ visas issued by the state of Finland—care for their visas by balancing trips to Finland against trips to the wider Schengen Area, according to the rules that require such balancing. Applying the concept of productive work and reproductive labour, and drawing on in-depth interviews with the Schengen visa-dependants in Russia, I show how Schengen visa policies operate on the local level of the EU’s external border. The article explores how such visas facilitate short-term mobility, yet require from their holders constant efforts to maintain this resource, and therefore operate as a nexus of freedom of movement and commitment. I argue that the role of the short-term Schengen visa issued to non-EU visitors goes far beyond simple permission for crossing the border and materialises as a facilitator of Europe-wide mobility and, therefore, an object of constant care.
{"title":"Care for the Visa: Maximising Mobility from Northwest Russia to the Schengen Area","authors":"Olga Tkach","doi":"10.33134/NJMR.408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33134/NJMR.408","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyses how and why the residents of Northwest Russia—holders and users of the unified Schengen multiple-entry ‘C’ visas issued by the state of Finland—care for their visas by balancing trips to Finland against trips to the wider Schengen Area, according to the rules that require such balancing. Applying the concept of productive work and reproductive labour, and drawing on in-depth interviews with the Schengen visa-dependants in Russia, I show how Schengen visa policies operate on the local level of the EU’s external border. The article explores how such visas facilitate short-term mobility, yet require from their holders constant efforts to maintain this resource, and therefore operate as a nexus of freedom of movement and commitment. I argue that the role of the short-term Schengen visa issued to non-EU visitors goes far beyond simple permission for crossing the border and materialises as a facilitator of Europe-wide mobility and, therefore, an object of constant care.","PeriodicalId":45097,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Migration Research","volume":"11 1","pages":"108-123"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49605251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Internal migration is the most common form of address-changing migration in the world. Whilst international migration has been in the spotlight for several dec-ades, country-internal migration has received less attention in the international scholarly arena. Internal Migration in the Developed World is an effort to bring internal migration into focus as well as an important contribution to the discussion of migration and mobility. The book presents novel comparative data of internal migration, poses bold questions and challenges some widely shared visions of constantly increasing migration and mobility. Indeed, the book’s subtitle Are we Becoming Less Mobile? sets the tone for many of the empirical findings in the book.
{"title":"Champion, Tony, Cooke, Thomas & Shuttleworth, Ian (eds) (2018) Internal Migration in the Developed World: Are we Becoming Less Mobile? London: Routledge. 306 pp.","authors":"T. Martikainen","doi":"10.33134/NJMR.394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33134/NJMR.394","url":null,"abstract":"Internal migration is the most common form of address-changing migration in the world. Whilst international migration has been in the spotlight for several dec-ades, country-internal migration has received less attention in the international scholarly arena. Internal Migration in the Developed World is an effort to bring internal migration into focus as well as an important contribution to the discussion of migration and mobility. The book presents novel comparative data of internal migration, poses bold questions and challenges some widely shared visions of constantly increasing migration and mobility. Indeed, the book’s subtitle Are we Becoming Less Mobile? sets the tone for many of the empirical findings in the book.","PeriodicalId":45097,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Migration Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41870204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Danish welfare state is designed to protect and support people in need. However, refugees experience hyper-precarity related to a restrictive socio-legal regime connecting them to the state. Based on 4 months of ethnographic fieldwork in and around a local community organisation, including 35 qualitative interviews with refugees, social workers and volunteers, the article examines hyper-precarious processes constituted by a nexus of immigration and labour regimes. Theoretically, the article draws on the concepts of precarity and social navigation, which centre the analysis on the interface of agency and moving social forces, while advocating for an analysis sensitive to context-specific variations of everyday practice. By empirically exploring how refugees navigate complex state connections and expectations of self-reliance articulated in the Integration Programme, the article contributes to an understanding of hyper-precarity as ambiguous processes producing subjectivities of not only victimisation and despair but also fragile spaces of sociality, hope and resistance in rural contexts.
{"title":"‘ARE WE GOING TO STAY REFUGEES?’ Hyper-precarious Processes in and Beyond the Danish Integration Programme","authors":"Ditte Shapiro, Rikke Egaa Jørgensen","doi":"10.33134/NJMR.151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33134/NJMR.151","url":null,"abstract":"The Danish welfare state is designed to protect and support people in need. However, refugees experience hyper-precarity related to a restrictive socio-legal regime connecting them to the state. Based on 4 months of ethnographic fieldwork in and around a local community organisation, including 35 qualitative interviews with refugees, social workers and volunteers, the article examines hyper-precarious processes constituted by a nexus of immigration and labour regimes. Theoretically, the article draws on the concepts of precarity and social navigation, which centre the analysis on the interface of agency and moving social forces, while advocating for an analysis sensitive to context-specific variations of everyday practice. By empirically exploring how refugees navigate complex state connections and expectations of self-reliance articulated in the Integration Programme, the article contributes to an understanding of hyper-precarity as ambiguous processes producing subjectivities of not only victimisation and despair but also fragile spaces of sociality, hope and resistance in rural contexts.","PeriodicalId":45097,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Migration Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42213298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The problem under investigation in this article is circular migration of Polish men working in Iceland and its consequences for migrants’ lives, as well as the lives of those who stay. The phenomenon is discussed on the basis of the research conducted among migrants and complemented by their wives’ perspectives. The research was designed in two parts: one was conducted in Iceland with the migrants, and the other was conducted in Poland with their wives. The basic findings show how migrants physically and emotionally adapt to living in two locations and how they manage to settle in constantly changing schedules. The implications of the study are that, aside from financial stability, circular labour migration of male family members introduces rhythm, predictability, and a special set of rituals into the family life. All these become the household norm.
{"title":"‘This Is a Country To Earn and Return’: Polish Migrants’ Circular Migration to Iceland","authors":"M. Dziekońska","doi":"10.33134/NJMR.414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33134/NJMR.414","url":null,"abstract":"The problem under investigation in this article is circular migration of Polish men working in Iceland and its consequences for migrants’ lives, as well as the lives of those who stay. The phenomenon is discussed on the basis of the research conducted among migrants and complemented by their wives’ perspectives. The research was designed in two parts: one was conducted in Iceland with the migrants, and the other was conducted in Poland with their wives. The basic findings show how migrants physically and emotionally adapt to living in two locations and how they manage to settle in constantly changing schedules. The implications of the study are that, aside from financial stability, circular labour migration of male family members introduces rhythm, predictability, and a special set of rituals into the family life. All these become the household norm.","PeriodicalId":45097,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Migration Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43775737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In 2015, Sweden introduced inner border control. Five years later, the ‘temporary’ controls remain. Their increasing permanence raises urgent questions about the logics that undergird the exercise of biopolitical border security and the relationship between intent and practices on the ground. Drawing on in-depth interviews with Swedish border guards and fieldwork conducted at Hyllie Station—the first station en route from Denmark—this article contributes original ethnographic research on the sparsely researched Swedish border control and the work routines of Swedish border professionals. The central theoretical contribution of the article is the consideration of how discretion and a range of mundane factors complicate the realisation of biopolitics. The article further contributes to the scholarship on everyday bordering practices with methodological reflections on the importance of studying the ‘unspectacular’ border sites and a firm reminder that not all borders have turned into semi-automated, smart data borders. Overall, the article argues that the border control at Hyllie functions according to a ‘leaky’ (Marr 2012: 84) biopolitics; not a monolithic performance of overarching state objectives, but one assembled ad hoc, constrained by resource availability and shaped by the discretion exercised by border officers.
{"title":"“It’s To Protect the Country!”: The Everyday Performance of Border Security in Sweden","authors":"Mette Skaarup","doi":"10.33134/NJMR.422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33134/NJMR.422","url":null,"abstract":"In 2015, Sweden introduced inner border control. Five years later, the ‘temporary’ controls remain. Their increasing permanence raises urgent questions about the logics that undergird the exercise of biopolitical border security and the relationship between intent and practices on the ground. Drawing on in-depth interviews with Swedish border guards and fieldwork conducted at Hyllie Station—the first station en route from Denmark—this article contributes original ethnographic research on the sparsely researched Swedish border control and the work routines of Swedish border professionals. The central theoretical contribution of the article is the consideration of how discretion and a range of mundane factors complicate the realisation of biopolitics. The article further contributes to the scholarship on everyday bordering practices with methodological reflections on the importance of studying the ‘unspectacular’ border sites and a firm reminder that not all borders have turned into semi-automated, smart data borders. Overall, the article argues that the border control at Hyllie functions according to a ‘leaky’ (Marr 2012: 84) biopolitics; not a monolithic performance of overarching state objectives, but one assembled ad hoc, constrained by resource availability and shaped by the discretion exercised by border officers.","PeriodicalId":45097,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Migration Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46991291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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