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Qualitative assessment of the removable denture microbiome. 活动义齿微生物群的定性评估。
IF 1.7 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-03-31 eCollection Date: 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.18683/germs.2024.1415
Laura Iosif, Ana Maria Cristina Țâncu, Oana Elena Amza, Bogdan Dimitriu, Ana Ispas, Mihaela Pantea, Marina Imre

Introduction: Assessment of the denture plaque can provide a valuable report regarding the oral health of geriatric patients and the oral hygiene habits in this population group. Focusing on the current research gap on this topic in Romania, our research aims to highlight the microbial plaque on the different surfaces and types of removable poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) prostheses to qualitatively evaluate the microbial species, and to assess the combined effect of mechanical and chemical cleaning of dentures on the prosthetic microbiome.

Methods: The prosthetic plaque from four denture wearers was identified with a UV activated fluorescent revealer and digitally photographed. Swab samples according to a certain hygiene protocol were cultured on three different growth media such as blood agar (BA), bromothymol blue lactose agar (AABTL) and Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA).

Results: Denture plaque was variably distributed on the surface of the prostheses. Regardless of the denture type (conventional complete denture, tooth or implant supported overdenture, removable partial denture) the microbial plaque was identified at the retentive areas, especially at interdental spaces. The main plaque deposition areas were the vestibular incline of the labial flange of the maxillary denture and the lingual incline of the posterior lingual flange of the mandibular denture. The prosthetic microbiome consisted of pathogenic Gram-positive aerobes (Streptococcus spp. and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus spp.), Gram-positive anaerobes (Actinomyces spp. and Klebsiella spp.) as well as subspecies of fungi of the genus Candida.

Conclusions: Despite its poor variety, the denture microbiome in the investigated cases hosts colonies with high pathogenic potential. Some areas of the prostheses are more likely to accumulate dental plaque. Dentists should insist through more regular checks of the patients and their caregivers on ensuring the biocontrol of the dentures, especially in frail geriatric patients exposed to greater risks related to general health.

介绍:对义齿菌斑的评估可以为老年患者的口腔健康和口腔卫生习惯提供有价值的报告。针对罗马尼亚目前在这一课题上的研究空白,我们的研究旨在突出聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)可摘义齿不同表面和类型上的微生物菌斑,对微生物种类进行定性评估,并评估机械和化学清洁义齿对义齿微生物群的综合影响:方法:使用紫外线激活荧光显露仪对四名义齿佩戴者的义齿菌斑进行鉴定,并拍摄数码照片。拭子样本按照一定的卫生规程在三种不同的生长培养基上进行培养,如血琼脂(BA)、溴百里酚蓝乳糖琼脂(AABTL)和沙保鲁葡萄糖琼脂(SDA):结果:义齿菌斑在义齿表面的分布各不相同。无论义齿类型(传统全口义齿、牙或种植体支持的覆盖义齿、可摘局部义齿)如何,微生物菌斑都在固位区,尤其是牙间隙处被发现。菌斑的主要沉积区域是上颌义齿唇缘的前庭斜面和下颌义齿舌后缘的舌侧斜面。义齿微生物群包括致病性革兰氏阳性需氧菌(链球菌属和凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌属)、革兰氏阳性厌氧菌(放线菌属和克雷伯菌属)以及念珠菌属真菌亚种:尽管种类不多,但调查病例中的义齿微生物群寄生着具有高致病性的菌落。义齿的某些区域更容易积聚牙菌斑。牙医应坚持对患者及其护理人员进行更多的定期检查,以确保假牙的生物控制,尤其是对体弱多病的老年患者,因为他们面临着更大的一般健康风险。
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引用次数: 0
Probable vector of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus; Hyalomma aegyptium: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 克里米亚-刚果出血热病毒的可能病媒;埃及鬣蜥:系统综述和荟萃分析。
IF 1.7 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-03-31 eCollection Date: 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.18683/germs.2024.1417
Hamid Sadeghi, Saeideh Gholamzadeh Khoei, Sara Shahsavari, Masoumeh Aslanimehr, Farhad Nikkhahi, Abouzar Babaei, Nematollah Gheibi, Behzad Bizhani

Introduction: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is the widest emerging severe viral tick-borne disease affecting humans. Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) circulates by routine enzootic tick-vertebrate hosts-tick transmission cycles. We aimed to evaluate the molecular prevalence of CCHFV in ticks on a global scale.

Methods: A systematic procedure was used to perform this review and meta-analysis using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science databases from 1 January 2000 through 12 April 2023. Of the 2310 papers identified, 43 articles met the inclusion criteria for this study.

Results: The overall prevalence of CCHFV was 4.0% (95%CI: 2.7-6.0%) in ticks on the global scale, with heterogeneity (I2=96.387; p=0.0001). The genus Hyalomma was shown as the most frequent tick infected with CCHFV 5.4% (95%CI: 3.3-8.7%). We found that the pooled prevalence of CCHFV was higher in Hyalomma aegyptium 27.6% (95%CI: 22.7-33.2%). The pooled prevalence was higher in Asia 5.1% (95%CI: 3.3-7.7%), and Spain 21.0% (95%CI: 3.4-66.9). The locations with annual rainfall of 401-1000 mm 6.1% (95%CI: 2.6-13.5%) and latitude of 31-40° 6.0% (95%CI: 4.1-8.9%) were associated with the greatest pooled prevalence of CCHFV in ticks.

Conclusions: Surveillance of CCHFV in ticks will give a better comprehension for the future implementation of public health interventions. The question of whether Hyalomma aegyptium is a plausible or certain vector should be the subject of further investigation.

导言:克里米亚-刚果出血热(CCHF)是影响人类最广泛的新出现的严重病毒性蜱媒疾病。克里米亚-刚果出血热病毒(CCHFV)通过蜱-无脊椎动物宿主-蜱的常规流行传播循环进行传播。我们的目的是在全球范围内评估蜱虫中克里米亚-刚果出血热病毒的分子流行率:我们采用了一种系统性程序,使用 PubMed、Google Scholar 和 Web of Science 数据库对 2000 年 1 月 1 日至 2023 年 4 月 12 日期间的文献进行了综述和荟萃分析。在确定的 2310 篇论文中,有 43 篇符合本研究的纳入标准:结果:CCHFV 在全球范围内的总体流行率为 4.0%(95%CI:2.7-6.0%),存在异质性(I2=96.387;P=0.0001)。结果显示,Hyalomma 属蜱虫感染 CCHFV 的频率最高,为 5.4% (95%CI: 3.3-8.7%)。我们发现,埃及蜱(Hyalomma aegyptium)的 CCHFV 聚合感染率较高,为 27.6% (95%CI: 22.7-33.2%)。亚洲和西班牙的总流行率分别为 5.1%(95%CI:3.3-7.7%)和 21.0%(95%CI:3.4-66.9)。年降雨量为 401-1000 毫米的地区为 6.1%(95%CI:2.6-13.5%),纬度为 31-40° 的地区为 6.0%(95%CI:4.1-8.9%),这些地区的蜱虫中 CCHFV 的总流行率最高:结论:监测蜱虫中的 CCHFV 将有助于更好地了解未来公共卫生干预措施的实施情况。埃及蜱(Hyalomma aegyptium)是否是一种可信或确定的病媒这一问题应成为进一步调查的主题。
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引用次数: 0
Systematic review on epidemiology of Escherichia coli in bloodstream infection of patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. 造血干细胞移植患者血流感染大肠埃希菌流行病学系统综述。
IF 1.7 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-03-31 eCollection Date: 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.18683/germs.2024.1420
Fatemeh Janani, Pouria Azami, Mohammad Ghenaatpisheh Sanani, Khadijeh Bamneshin

Introduction: We aimed to conduct a systematic review of the epidemiology of Escherichia coli in bloodstream infections (BSI) of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation patients.

Methods: For a comprehensive search of studies that reported the prevalence of E. coli and antibiotic resistance in bloodstream infections from 2000 to January 1, 2024, databases such as PubMed, EMBASE, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched. The main keywords used were: Escherichia coli, epidemiology, bloodstream infection, microbial resistance, antibiotic resistance, hematopoietic malignancy, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. After applying eligibility criteria, and quality assessment of studies, data analysis was done by comprehensive meta-analysis (CMA) software.

Results: The prevalence of bacterial bloodstream infections amongst different studies varied between 8-51%. Also, bloodstream infections caused by E. coli varied between 2.5-57%. Prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) of Escherichia coli in bloodstream infections varied between 15-80%. As well, the mortality rate caused by Escherichia coli strains in bloodstream infection varied between 6.7-27.3%. Resistance to ciprofloxacin, cefepime, third- and fourth-generation cephalosporins, was reported to be the highest (prevalence of 100%), and the lowest was against amikacin, with a prevalence between 13-38%.

Conclusions: The high prevalence of Escherichia coli-related BSI, and subsequent mortality, especially by multidrug resistance and ESBL strains, in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, requires essential measures to prevent the spread of microbial resistance.

简介:我们旨在对造血干细胞移植患者血流感染(BSI)中大肠埃希菌的流行病学进行系统回顾:我们旨在对造血干细胞移植患者血流感染(BSI)中大肠埃希菌的流行病学进行系统回顾:为了全面检索2000年至2024年1月1日期间报告血流感染中大肠埃希菌流行率和抗生素耐药性的研究,我们检索了PubMed、EMBASE、Google Scholar、Scopus和Web of Science等数据库。使用的主要关键词有大肠杆菌、流行病学、血流感染、微生物耐药性、抗生素耐药性、造血恶性肿瘤、造血干细胞移植。在应用资格标准和对研究进行质量评估后,采用综合荟萃分析(CMA)软件进行了数据分析:结果:不同研究中细菌性血流感染的发病率在8%-51%之间。此外,由大肠杆菌引起的血流感染率在 2.5-57% 之间。血流感染中大肠埃希菌扩谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)的流行率介于 15-80% 之间。此外,大肠埃希菌菌株在血液感染中造成的死亡率介于 6.7% 至 27.3% 之间。据报道,大肠埃希菌对环丙沙星、头孢吡肟、第三代和第四代头孢菌素的耐药性最高(流行率为 100%),对阿米卡星的耐药性最低,流行率在 13% 至 38% 之间:结论:在接受造血干细胞移植的患者中,与大肠埃希菌相关的BSI发病率很高,随后的死亡率也很高,尤其是耐多药和ESBL菌株,因此需要采取必要措施防止微生物耐药性的传播。
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引用次数: 0
Pseudoglutamicibacter cumminsii in polymicrobial osteomyelitis of the tibia in a female patient - a case report. 一名女性患者胫骨多菌性骨髓炎中的累积假谷氨酸杆菌--病例报告。
IF 1.7 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-03-31 eCollection Date: 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.18683/germs.2024.1421
Petros Ioannou, Sofia Maraki, Emmanuel Velivasakis, Diamantis P Kofteridis

Introduction: Pseudoglutamicibacter cumminsii (formerly Arthrobacter cumminsii) is a microorganism rarely reported as a cause of infection. It is a Gram-positive, non-motile, and non-spore-forming bacterium belonging to the Micrococcaceae family. It is known for its environmental ubiquity, being frequently found in soil, water, and other ecological niches.

Case report: A 39-year-old woman with a history of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency and multiple surgeries at the left lower extremity for osteomyelitis at the left tibia presented with a relapse of chronic osteomyelitis of the left tibia. She underwent surgical debridement, and cultures grew Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella oxytoca, Proteus mirabilis, and Pseudoglutamicibacter cumminsii, according to identification with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry. Targeted antimicrobial treatment with ciprofloxacin and amoxicillin-clavulanate for six weeks led to patient recovery.

Conclusions: Accurate identification by advanced diagnostic techniques is essential for effectively managing rare pathogens. Further research and reporting of cases are needed to understand better the epidemiology, pathogenesis, optimal treatment, and improved clinical outcomes associated with P. cumminsii infections.

导言:积膜假谷氨酸杆菌(原积膜节杆菌)是一种极少被报道可导致感染的微生物。它是一种革兰氏阳性细菌,不运动,不形成孢子,属于微球菌科。它在环境中无处不在,经常出现在土壤、水和其他生态位中:病例报告:一名 39 岁的女性,患有葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶缺乏症,曾因左胫骨骨髓炎在左下肢做过多次手术,后来左胫骨慢性骨髓炎复发。她接受了手术清创,根据基质辅助激光解吸/电离飞行时间质谱鉴定,培养出了粪肠球菌、铜绿假单胞菌、克雷伯菌、奇异变形杆菌和积假谷氨酸杆菌。使用环丙沙星和阿莫西林-克拉维酸进行为期六周的针对性抗菌治疗后,患者痊愈:通过先进的诊断技术进行准确鉴定对于有效处理罕见病原体至关重要。我们需要进一步研究和报告病例,以更好地了解积雪蟠菌感染的流行病学、发病机制、最佳治疗方法和临床疗效。
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引用次数: 0
Actinotignum schaalii pyelonephritis in a young adult with ureteric calculus: case report. 一名患有输尿管结石的年轻成年人的放线菌肾盂肾炎:病例报告。
IF 1.7 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-03-31 eCollection Date: 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.18683/germs.2024.1422
Jayaweera Arachchige Asela Sampath Jayaweera, Gerard Ranasinghe

Introduction: Actinotignum schaalii is a Gram-positive coccobacillus, and a member of the normal human microbiota. A. schaalii is considered as an emerging pathogen causing urinary tract infections among the elderly. Because of an anaerobic growth requirement and lack of knowledge on pathogenic potential following conventional microbiology laboratory techniques, A. schaalii is difficult to identify.

Case report: A previously well 24-year-old male presented to a tertiary care unit with fever, left flank pain, and dysuria for two days. He was initially treated with empiric oral ciprofloxacin by the general practitioner. Following admission, blood cultures and urine cultures were done, and empirical intra-venous piperacillin-tazobactam was started. X-ray of the pelvis revealed left-sided pyelonephritis and left ureteric calculi. A nephrostomy tube was inserted to relieve the obstruction which drained pus and was sent to microbiology laboratory in aerobic and anaerobic blood culture bottles. Two days later blood culture flagged positive for Gram-positive bacilli from the anaerobic bottle, and the pus from enriched anaerobic culture grew A. schaalii. The urine culture remained negative. By VITEK 2 anaerobic card and MALDI-TOF analysis, it was identified as A. schaalii. Following clinical improvement, he was discharged with oral doxycycline. Ureteric calculus was removed and remained sterile following 16s DNA analysis.

Conclusions: The urine Gram staining may have a role in detecting and considering anaerobic media to isolate A. schaalii. The novel diagnostic platforms are important to speciate the pathogen. Also, the lack of pathogen-specific breakpoints for antimicrobial susceptibilities made it a problem to decide on appropriate therapy.

简介放线菌(Actinotignum schaalii)是一种革兰氏阳性球菌,也是正常人体微生物群中的一员。放线菌被认为是导致老年人尿路感染的新病原体。由于需要厌氧生长,而且缺乏传统微生物学实验室技术对致病潜能的了解,因此很难识别沙雷氏菌:病例报告:一名 24 岁的男性因发烧、左侧腹痛和排尿困难两天到一家三级医院就诊。他最初接受了全科医生提供的经验性口服环丙沙星治疗。入院后进行了血培养和尿培养,并开始静脉注射哌拉西林-他唑巴坦。骨盆 X 光片显示左侧肾盂肾炎和左侧输尿管结石。插入肾造瘘管以缓解梗阻,排出的脓液装在需氧和厌氧血液培养瓶中送往微生物实验室。两天后,厌氧瓶中的革兰氏阳性杆菌血培养呈阳性,厌氧培养富集的脓液中长出了沙雷氏菌。尿液培养仍为阴性。通过 VITEK 2 厌氧卡和 MALDI-TOF 分析,确定其为 A. schaalii。临床症状好转后,他口服强力霉素后出院。输尿管结石被取出,经 16s DNA 分析后仍无菌:结论:尿液革兰氏染色可用于检测和考虑厌氧培养基,以分离裂头蚴。新型诊断平台对确定病原体非常重要。此外,由于缺乏抗菌药敏感性的病原体特异性断点,因此很难决定适当的治疗方法。
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引用次数: 0
Competition for tooth surface - Microbial Olympics. 争夺牙面--微生物奥运会。
IF 1.7 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-03-31 eCollection Date: 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.18683/germs.2024.1412
Mihnea Ioan Nicolescu, Alexandra Maria Bălănici
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引用次数: 0
Implications of using artificial intelligence in the diagnosis of sepsis/sepsis shock. 使用人工智能诊断败血症/败血症休克的意义。
IF 1.7 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-03-31 eCollection Date: 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.18683/germs.2024.1419
Gabriel-Petre Gorecki, Dana-Rodica Tomescu, Liana Pleș, Anca-Maria Panaitescu, Șerban Dragosloveanu, Cristian Scheau, Romina-Marina Sima, Ionuț-Simion Coman, Valentin-Titus Grigorean, Daniel Cochior

Introduction: Sepsis and septic shock represent severe pathological states, characterized by the systemic response to infection, which can lead to organ dysfunction and high mortality. Early diagnosis and rapid intervention are crucial for improving survival chances. However, the diagnosis of sepsis is complex due to its nonspecific symptoms and the variability of patient responses to infections.

Methods: The objective of this research was to analyze the implications of using artificial intelligence (AI) in the diagnosis of sepsis and septic shock. The research method applied in the analysis of the implications of using artificial intelligence (AI) in the diagnosis of sepsis and septic shock is the literature review.

Results: Among the benefits of using AI in the diagnosis of sepsis, it is noted that artificial intelligence can rapidly analyze large volumes of clinical data to identify early signs of sepsis, sometimes even before symptoms become evident to medical staff. AI models can use predictive algorithms to assess the risk of sepsis in patients, allowing for early interventions that can save lives. AI can contribute to the development of personalized treatment plans, adapting to the specific needs of each patient based on their medical history and response to treatment. The use of patient data to train AI models raises concerns regarding data privacy and security.

Conclusions: Artificial intelligence has the potential to revolutionize the diagnosis and treatment of sepsis, offering powerful tools for early identification and management of this critical condition. However, to realize this potential, close collaboration between researchers, clinicians, and technology developers is necessary, as well as addressing ethical and implementation challenges.

引言败血症和脓毒性休克是一种严重的病理状态,其特点是全身对感染的反应,可导致器官功能障碍和高死亡率。早期诊断和快速干预对提高存活率至关重要。然而,由于败血症的症状不具特异性,而且患者对感染的反应也各不相同,因此其诊断非常复杂:本研究的目的是分析在败血症和脓毒性休克诊断中使用人工智能(AI)的意义。在分析脓毒症和脓毒性休克诊断中使用人工智能(AI)的意义时采用的研究方法是文献综述:在脓毒症诊断中使用人工智能的好处中,人们注意到人工智能可以快速分析大量临床数据,识别脓毒症的早期征兆,有时甚至在医务人员发现症状之前。人工智能模型可以使用预测算法来评估病人患败血症的风险,从而进行早期干预,挽救生命。人工智能有助于制定个性化治疗计划,根据每位患者的病史和对治疗的反应来满足其特定需求。使用患者数据来训练人工智能模型会引发对数据隐私和安全的担忧:人工智能有可能彻底改变败血症的诊断和治疗,为早期识别和管理这种危重症提供强大的工具。然而,要实现这一潜力,研究人员、临床医生和技术开发人员之间必须密切合作,并解决伦理和实施方面的挑战。
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引用次数: 0
Tuberculosis prostate abscess: molecular diagnostic testing. 结核性前列腺脓肿:分子诊断检测。
IF 1.7 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-03-31 eCollection Date: 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.18683/germs.2024.1423
Santiago Gómez-Jordan, Samuel Jarava, Yuliana Ascencio-Guzmán, Diego Viasus

Introduction: Urogenital tuberculosis (UGTB) is a frequent presentation of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Recognizing this condition is paramount for healthcare providers, especially in patients living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), as it significantly influences both mortality and quality of life.

Case report: Case report This report presents the case of a 57-year-old male patient diagnosed with de novo HIV infection who presented with respiratory and urinary symptoms, and prostate abscess in a computed tomography. He was ultimately diagnosed with a tuberculous prostate abscess through real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Conclusions: Conclusions This case underscores the importance of utilizing molecular diagnostic tools in identifying UGTB, shedding light on their invaluable role in timely diagnosis.

导言:泌尿生殖器结核(UGTB)是肺外结核的一种常见表现。对于医护人员来说,认识这种疾病至关重要,尤其是对于人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染者,因为它严重影响死亡率和生活质量:本病例是一名 57 岁男性患者的病例,他被诊断为新发 HIV 感染,出现呼吸道和泌尿系统症状,并在计算机断层扫描中发现前列腺脓肿。通过实时聚合酶链反应,他最终被诊断为结核性前列腺脓肿:结论:本病例强调了利用分子诊断工具识别 UGTB 的重要性,揭示了分子诊断工具在及时诊断中的宝贵作用。
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引用次数: 0
Occurrence of acute otitis and sinusitis in patients hospitalized for influenza. 因流感住院的患者中出现急性耳炎和鼻窦炎的情况。
IF 1.7 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-03-31 eCollection Date: 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.18683/germs.2024.1416
Vlad Ștefan Pleșca, Adrian Gabriel Marinescu, Cătălina Voiosu, Anca Cristina Drăgănescu, Anca Streinu-Cercel, Alexandra Vilaia, Răzvan Hainăroșie, Doina Anca Pleșca, Oana Săndulescu

Introduction: Acute otitis and sinusitis are common complications in patients with influenza and are responsible for increased hospitalization rates.

Methods: A five-year retrospective study (2018-2023) was conducted including all patients hospitalized for influenza (etiologic diagnosis by RT-PCR) to identify the incidence and characteristics of cases complicated with otitis and/or sinusitis. Cases associated with other viral co-infections were excluded from the analysis.

Results: We identified a cumulative rate of 20.6% (324 cases) of acute otitis (AO) and acute sinusitis (AS) among patients with influenza. Of these, 62.3% had AO, 28.1% AS, and 9.6% concomitant AO and AS. Cases of AO were predominant in the pediatric population (97.0%), while cases of AS were more common in adults (56.1%). Influenza A viruses were identified in 67.2% of patients. The infection with influenza B viruses increased the risk of acute congestive otitis media 2.1-fold (p=0.020), and influenza A viruses increased the risk of acute maxillary sinusitis 2.7-fold (p=0.029). Late presentation to the hospital, with a median of 4 days from the onset of influenza symptoms, was identified as a factor in the occurrence of AO and AS.

Conclusions: The risk of AO and AS is increased in patients with influenza, especially in the pediatric population and in late hospital presentations. These findings highlight the importance of proper monitoring and management of patients with influenza to prevent the development of complications, as well as the need to better understand the mechanisms whereby influenza viruses contribute to these secondary conditions.

简介:急性耳炎和鼻窦炎是流感患者的常见并发症,也是住院率增加的原因:急性中耳炎和鼻窦炎是流感患者的常见并发症,也是住院率增加的原因之一:开展了一项为期五年的回顾性研究(2018-2023年),研究对象包括所有因流感住院的患者(通过RT-PCR进行病原学诊断),以确定并发中耳炎和/或鼻窦炎病例的发病率和特征。分析排除了合并其他病毒感染的病例:我们发现流感患者中急性中耳炎(AO)和急性鼻窦炎(AS)的累计发病率为 20.6%(324 例)。其中,62.3%患有急性中耳炎,28.1%患有急性鼻窦炎,9.6%同时患有急性中耳炎和急性鼻窦炎。AO 病例主要发生在儿科人群中(97.0%),而 AS 病例在成人中更为常见(56.1%)。67.2%的患者感染了甲型流感病毒。感染乙型流感病毒会使急性充血性中耳炎的风险增加 2.1 倍(P=0.020),甲型流感病毒会使急性上颌窦炎的风险增加 2.7 倍(P=0.029)。流感症状出现后中位数为 4 天的较晚入院时间被认为是发生急性上颌窦炎和急性下颌窦炎的一个因素:结论:流感患者,尤其是儿童和晚期入院的流感患者,发生AO和AS的风险增加。这些发现强调了对流感患者进行适当监测和管理以预防并发症发生的重要性,以及更好地了解流感病毒导致这些继发性疾病的机制的必要性。
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引用次数: 0
Pathophysiological correlations between SARS-CoV-2 and arrhythmogenesis: a literature review. SARS-CoV-2 与心律失常发生之间的病理生理学关联:文献综述。
IF 1.7 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-03-31 eCollection Date: 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.18683/germs.2024.1418
Maria Alexandra Junghetu, Elena Bălăşescu, Laurenţiu Mihăiţă Stratan, Daniela Adriana Ion

Introduction: SARS-CoV-2 represents one of the most extensively researched pathogens in the last decade due to its major impact on humanity. Not only does this viral infection cause respiratory disturbances, but it also generates cardiovascular injury. Cardiac arrhythmias represent one of the main consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection, but they can also occur in the context of antiviral treatment. Furthermore, arrhythmias do not always seem to be correlated with the severity of the lung injury. However, they represent a poor prognostic factor in terms of mortality, increasing the need for intensive care and the length of hospitalization.

Methods: In accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 Statement, from September 2022 to October 2023, we conducted this study by examining the literature through the PubMed database using the following keywords: COVID-19, cardiac arrhythmias, and, in terms of study design, observational studies.

Results: We initially identified 266 studies across PubMed. After applying the inclusion/exclusion criteria, we managed to include 22 studies in our review.

Conclusions: Deducing the pathophysiological mechanisms behind SARS-CoV-2's ability to disrupt the electrical activity of the heart, as well as identifying associated risk factors in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection, could allow targeted therapeutic interventions to decrease the risk of mortality in hospitalized patients.

简介SARS-CoV-2 是近十年来研究最为广泛的病原体之一,因为它对人类产生了重大影响。这种病毒感染不仅会引起呼吸系统紊乱,还会造成心血管损伤。心律失常是 SARS-CoV-2 感染的主要后果之一,但在抗病毒治疗过程中也会出现心律失常。此外,心律失常似乎并不总是与肺损伤的严重程度相关。然而,就死亡率而言,心律失常是一个不良预后因素,会增加重症监护需求和住院时间:根据《系统综述和荟萃分析首选报告项目 2020 年声明》,从 2022 年 9 月至 2023 年 10 月,我们通过 PubMed 数据库使用以下关键词对文献进行了研究:COVID-19、心律失常,以及研究设计方面的观察性研究:我们在 PubMed 上初步确定了 266 项研究。应用纳入/排除标准后,我们成功地将 22 项研究纳入了综述:结论:SARS-CoV-2 能破坏心脏的电活动,如果能找到其背后的病理生理机制,并确定 SARS-CoV-2 感染患者的相关风险因素,就能采取有针对性的治疗干预措施,降低住院患者的死亡风险。
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