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Semiparametric Models with Covariates for Lifetime Data under a General Censoring Scheme with an Application to Contingent Valuation 一般删减方案下寿命数据的协变量半参数模型及其在条件估值中的应用
IF 1.9 Pub Date : 2016-12-27 DOI: 10.6092/ISSN.1973-2201/6140
Nathan Bennett, Srikanth K. Iyer, S. Jammalamadaka
We are interested in estimating the distribution of lifetimes, also called survival times, subject to a general censoring scheme called ``middle censoring'' (see Jammalamadaka and Mangalam (2003)). Both the Cox proportional hazards (Cox PH) and accelerated failure time (AFT) models are considered since each model has a baseline distribution function that is modified by the presence of covariates. The key contribution presented is the estimation of the effect of the covariate as well as the baseline distribution function. We conclude with an application to a contingent valuation study.
我们感兴趣的是估计生命周期的分布,也称为生存时间,受称为“中间审查”的一般审查方案的影响(见Jammalamadaka和Mangalam(2003))。Cox比例风险(Cox PH)和加速失效时间(AFT)模型都被考虑在内,因为每个模型都有一个基线分布函数,该函数被协变量的存在所修改。提出的关键贡献是协变量的影响估计以及基线分布函数。最后,我们提出了一项条件估值研究的应用。
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引用次数: 0
The use of p-values in applied research: Interpretation and new trends p值在应用研究中的应用:解释和新趋势
IF 1.9 Pub Date : 2016-12-27 DOI: 10.6092/ISSN.1973-2201/6439
D. Marasini, P. Quatto, E. Ripamonti
In this paper we consider a controversy on the use and interpretation of p-values in applied research. In recent years several applied and theoretical journals have started to discuss on the appropriate use of p-values in research fields such as Psychology, Ecology, and Medicine. First, the notion of p-value has some intrinsic limitations, which have been already highlighted in the statistical literature, but are far from being recognized in applied research. Second, it has emerged the so-called practice of p-hacking, which consists in analyzing and re-analyzing data until obtaining a significant result in terms of a p-value less than 0.05. In the light of these problems, we review two alternative theoretical frameworks, given by the use of Bayes factor and a recent proposal that leads to evaluate statistical hypotheses in terms of a priori and a posteriori odds ratios.
本文讨论了应用研究中关于p值的使用和解释的争议。近年来,一些应用和理论期刊开始讨论p值在心理学、生态学和医学等研究领域的适当使用。首先,p值的概念有一些内在的局限性,这些局限性在统计文献中已经得到了强调,但在应用研究中还远远没有得到认可。其次,出现了所谓的p黑客行为,即对数据进行分析和重新分析,直到获得p值小于0.05的显著结果。鉴于这些问题,我们回顾了两种可供选择的理论框架,它们是由贝叶斯因子的使用和最近的一项建议给出的,该建议导致根据先验和后验比值比评估统计假设。
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引用次数: 4
The generalized double Lomax distribution with applications 广义双Lomax分布及其应用
IF 1.9 Pub Date : 2016-12-27 DOI: 10.6092/ISSN.1973-2201/6520
A. M. Fares, V. Gopal
A new probability distribution from the polynomial family has been proposed for modeling heavy-tailed data that are continuous on the whole real line. we have derived some general properties of this distribution and applied it on several data sets of U.S stock market daily returns. The introduced model is symmetric and leptokurtic, it outperforms the peer distributions used for the given data from perspective of information criteria suggesting a new potential candidate for modeling data exhibiting heavy tails.
从多项式族中提出了一种新的概率分布,用于对整条实线上连续的重尾数据建模。我们推导了该分布的一些一般性质,并将其应用于美国股市日收益的几个数据集。引入的模型是对称的和细峰的,从信息标准的角度来看,它优于用于给定数据的对等分布,这表明建模显示重尾数据的新潜在候选。
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引用次数: 7
Probabilistic assessment of symptomless inflammation in Crohn's Disease patients 克罗恩病患者无症状炎症的概率评估
IF 1.9 Pub Date : 2016-12-27 DOI: 10.6092/ISSN.1973-2201/6622
M. Scagliarini, A. Belluzzi, E. Scaioli, C. Cardamone
In Crohn’s Disease it is extremely important to detect the presence of symptomless mucosal inflammation in such a way as to prevent the evolution of the disease. The aim of this study is to identify predictor variables for estimating the risk of the presence of mucosal inflammation. The results show that the estimated model provides a clear picture of the relationship among the selected predictors and the outcome of interest and has a very appreciable ability for identifying patients at high risk of symptomless but persistent inflammation.
在克罗恩病中,检测无症状粘膜炎症的存在以防止疾病的发展是极其重要的。本研究的目的是确定预测变量,以估计存在粘膜炎症的风险。结果表明,估计模型提供了所选预测因子与感兴趣的结果之间关系的清晰图像,并且在识别无症状但持续炎症的高风险患者方面具有非常可观的能力。
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引用次数: 0
Testing the Validity of the Exponential Model Based on Type II Censored Data Using Transformed Sample Data 用变换后的样本数据检验基于二类截尾数据的指数模型的有效性
IF 1.9 Pub Date : 2016-09-30 DOI: 10.6092/ISSN.1973-2201/6194
H. A. Noughabi
In this article, we propose a new approach to testing exponentiality for Type-II censored samples. Our method converts the original observations into transformed data which follow from a special distribution. It is shown that the proposed tests do not depend on the scale parameter of the exponential distribution and hence the tests are exact. Power performance of the proposed tests is compared with the existing tests against various alternatives. The results are impressive and the proposed tests have higher power than the competing tests. Finally, two real data from reliability literature as illustrate examples are presented.
在本文中,我们提出了一种检验ii型截尾样本指数性的新方法。我们的方法将原始观测值转化为经过特殊分布的数据。结果表明,所提出的检验方法不依赖于指数分布的尺度参数,检验结果是准确的。将所提出的测试方法与现有的各种替代测试方法进行了功率性能比较。结果令人印象深刻,所提出的测试比竞争测试具有更高的功率。最后,以可靠性文献中的两个实际数据为例进行了说明。
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引用次数: 1
On the Probabilty Concept 论概率概念
IF 1.9 Pub Date : 2016-09-30 DOI: 10.6092/ISSN.1973-2201/6620
B. D. Finetti
As it has been already done for the Corrado Gini's works, STATISTICA has accepted the invitation of some researchers who asked to republish the English translation of some fundamental De Finetti's papers. These works were translated into English and published in the volume: Bruno De Finetti, Induction and Probability, Biblioteca di Statistica, eds. P. Monari, D. Cocchi, Clueb, Bologna, 1993. On the Probability Concept is one of the first fundamental philosophical papers in which we can find the essential basis of De Finetti's subjective approach to the Theory of probability.
正如已经为Corrado Gini的作品所做的那样,STATISTICA已经接受了一些研究人员的邀请,他们要求重新出版De Finetti的一些基本论文的英文翻译。这些作品被翻译成英文,并发表在卷:布鲁诺·德·菲内蒂,归纳和概率,Biblioteca di统计,编辑。P. Monari, D. Cocchi,俱乐部,博洛尼亚,1993年。《概率论》是德·菲内蒂对概率论的主观方法的本质依据的最早的哲学基础论文之一。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of simple step-stress accelerated life test data from Lindley distribution under type-I censoring i型截尾条件下林德利分布简单阶跃应力加速寿命试验数据分析
IF 1.9 Pub Date : 2016-09-30 DOI: 10.6092/ISSN.1973-2201/6243
V. A. Sharon, V. Vaidyanathan
This article introduces step-stress accelerated life time model with Lindley lifetime under type-I censoring. The corresponding likelihood function is developed and parameter estimation by maximum likelihood approach is discussed. Also, parametric bootstrap confidence intervals are constructed for the unknown parameters. Simulation study is carried out to evaluate performance of the estimators of the proposed model.
本文介绍了一类滤波条件下具有Lindley寿命的阶跃应力加速寿命模型。建立了相应的似然函数,并讨论了用极大似然法进行参数估计。同时,对未知参数构造了参数自举置信区间。通过仿真研究,对所提模型估计器的性能进行了评价。
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引用次数: 4
Sharma-Mittal Entropy Properties on Record Values 记录值上的Sharma-Mittal熵属性
IF 1.9 Pub Date : 2016-09-30 DOI: 10.6092/ISSN.1973-2201/6621
Jerin Paul, P. Y. Thomas
In this paper we derive Sharma-Mittal entropy of record values and analyse some of its important properties. We establish some bounds for the Sharma-Mittal entropy of record values. We generate a characterization result based on the properties of Sharma-Mittal entropy of record values for exponential distribution. We further establish some distribution free properties of Sharma-Mittal divergence information between distribution of a record value and the parent distribution. We extend the concept of Sharma-Mittal entropy to the concomitants of record values arising from a Farlie-Gumbel-Morgenstern (FGM) bivariate distribution. Also we consider residual Sharma-Mittal Entropy and used it to describe some properties of record values.
本文导出了记录值的Sharma-Mittal熵,并分析了它的一些重要性质。我们建立了记录值的Sharma-Mittal熵的一些边界。我们基于指数分布下记录值的Sharma-Mittal熵的性质生成表征结果。进一步建立了记录值分布与母分布之间的Sharma-Mittal散度信息的一些不受分布影响的性质。我们将Sharma-Mittal熵的概念扩展到由Farlie-Gumbel-Morgenstern (FGM)二元分布产生的记录值的伴随值。我们还考虑残差Sharma-Mittal熵,并用它来描述记录值的一些性质。
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引用次数: 4
An extended version of Kumaraswamy inverse Weibull distribution and its properties Kumaraswamy逆威布尔分布的一个扩展版本及其性质
IF 1.9 Pub Date : 2016-09-30 DOI: 10.6092/ISSN.1973-2201/6317
C. Kumar, Subha R. Nair
Here we consider an extended version of the Kumaraswamy modified inverse Weibull distribution and investigate some of its theoretical properties through deriving expressions for cumulative distribution function, reliability function, hazard rate function, quantile function, characteristic function, raw moments, median, mode etc. Certain reliability measures of the distribution are obtained along with the distribution and moments of its order statistics. The maximum likelihood estimation of the parameters of the distribution is discussed and certain real life data applications are given for illustrating the usefulness of the model. Further, with the help of simulated data sets it is shown that the average bias and mean square errors of the maximum likelihood estimators are in decreasing order as the sample size increases.
本文考虑了Kumaraswamy修正逆威布尔分布的一个扩展版本,并通过推导累积分布函数、可靠性函数、危险率函数、分位数函数、特征函数、原始矩、中位数、众数等的表达式,研究了它的一些理论性质。给出了该分布的可靠度测度及其阶数统计量的分布和矩量。讨论了分布参数的极大似然估计,并给出了一些实际数据应用来说明该模型的有效性。此外,借助模拟数据集表明,随着样本量的增加,最大似然估计的平均偏差和均方误差呈递减趋势。
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引用次数: 4
Exponentially Weighted Moving Average Control Schemes for Assessing Hospital Organizational Performance 医院组织绩效评价的指数加权移动平均控制方案
IF 1.9 Pub Date : 2016-06-30 DOI: 10.6092/ISSN.1973-2201/6320
M. Scagliarini, Mariarosaria Apreda, Ulrich Wienand, G. Valpiani, Nicola Napoli
Exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) control charts have been successfully used in recent years in several areas of healthcare. Most of these applications have concentrated on the problem of detecting shifts in the mean level of a process. The EWMA chart for monitoring the variability has received, in general, less attention than its counterpart for the mean, although equally important and, to the best of our knowledge, it has never been used in the healthcare framework. In this work, EWMA control charts were applied retrospectively for monitoring the mean and variability of a hospital organizational performance indicator. The aim was to determine whether EWMA control charts can be used as a comprehensive approach for assessing the steady-state behaviour of the process and for early detection of changes indicating either improvement or deterioration in the performance of healthcare organizations. The results showed that the EWMA control schemes generate easy-to-read data displays that reflect process performance allowing a continuous monitoring and prompt detection of changes in process performance. Currently, hospital managers are designing an operating room dashboard which also includes the EWMA control charts.
指数加权移动平均(EWMA)控制图近年来已成功地应用于医疗保健的几个领域。这些应用大多集中在检测过程平均水平的位移问题上。一般来说,监测变异性的EWMA图表受到的关注少于其对应的平均值,尽管同样重要,而且据我们所知,它从未在医疗保健框架中使用过。在这项工作中,EWMA控制图被回顾性地应用于监测医院组织绩效指标的平均值和变异性。目的是确定EWMA控制图是否可以作为一种全面的方法来评估过程的稳态行为,并用于早期发现表明医疗保健组织绩效改善或恶化的变化。结果表明,EWMA控制方案生成易于阅读的数据显示,反映过程性能,允许连续监测和及时检测过程性能的变化。目前,医院管理人员正在设计一个手术室仪表板,其中也包括EWMA控制图。
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引用次数: 5
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Statistica
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