Pub Date : 2020-11-24DOI: 10.3989/aem.2020.50.2.07
Elsa De Luca
This article focuses on the peculiarities of the Old Hispanic and Aquitanian musical notations, as found in Iberian liturgical manuscripts from the 10 to the mid-16 centuries, and it proposes some reconsiderations of previous scholarship on Iberian music palaeography. Specifi cally, this palaeographical survey engages with two changes that occurred in music writing in the Peninsula in the period under consideration. Firstly, the Old Hispanic notation was replaced by Aquitanian notation at the end of the 11 century. Subsequently, the graphical appearance of Aquitanian notation changed due to the infl uence of the Gothic script. These two changes developed in quite different ways: the fi rst was swift and rapid whereas the second was slow and gradual. In this overview, I present some previously neglected sources as illustrative examples of Aquitanian notation. These sources have been studied for the fi rst time recently and are now available for consultation in the “Portuguese Early Music Database”.
{"title":"De notación hispánica a notación aquitana: escribir música en la Iberia medieval","authors":"Elsa De Luca","doi":"10.3989/aem.2020.50.2.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/aem.2020.50.2.07","url":null,"abstract":"This article focuses on the peculiarities of the Old Hispanic and Aquitanian musical notations, as found in Iberian liturgical manuscripts from the 10 to the mid-16 centuries, and it proposes some reconsiderations of previous scholarship on Iberian music palaeography. Specifi cally, this palaeographical survey engages with two changes that occurred in music writing in the Peninsula in the period under consideration. Firstly, the Old Hispanic notation was replaced by Aquitanian notation at the end of the 11 century. Subsequently, the graphical appearance of Aquitanian notation changed due to the infl uence of the Gothic script. These two changes developed in quite different ways: the fi rst was swift and rapid whereas the second was slow and gradual. In this overview, I present some previously neglected sources as illustrative examples of Aquitanian notation. These sources have been studied for the fi rst time recently and are now available for consultation in the “Portuguese Early Music Database”.","PeriodicalId":45165,"journal":{"name":"Anuario de Estudios Medievales","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41533416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-24DOI: 10.3989/aem.2020.50.2.02
María Encarnación Martín López
Este es un estudio de la evolución de la escritura epigráfica de transición (XI-XIII) y su producción al amparo de los principales centros escriptorios de León y Castilla, donde la escritura carolina se introduce en el siglo XI aunque no tendrá un desarrollo pleno hasta el siglo XII. Veremos la pervivencia de las formas visigóticas en los diferentes núcleos, ya sean urbanos o rurales, así como la simultaneidad de dos, e incluso, tres alfabetos en un mismo tiempo y lugar.
{"title":"Los centros escriptorios en el reino de León y Castilla: la transición de la visigótica a la carolina a través de la escritura epigráfica","authors":"María Encarnación Martín López","doi":"10.3989/aem.2020.50.2.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/aem.2020.50.2.02","url":null,"abstract":"Este es un estudio de la evolución de la escritura epigráfica de transición (XI-XIII) y su producción al amparo de los principales centros escriptorios de León y Castilla, donde la escritura carolina se introduce en el siglo XI aunque no tendrá un desarrollo pleno hasta el siglo XII. Veremos la pervivencia de las formas visigóticas en los diferentes núcleos, ya sean urbanos o rurales, así como la simultaneidad de dos, e incluso, tres alfabetos en un mismo tiempo y lugar.","PeriodicalId":45165,"journal":{"name":"Anuario de Estudios Medievales","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47812519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-30DOI: 10.3989/aem.2020.50.1.16
Carles Sánchez Márquez
Medieval Hispanic sources give great importance to the operarius. This term has been translated in Spanish historical works as canonigo obrero, obrero mayor or fabriquero, whose principal function was to collect and administer the construction revenues. The operarii were a link between the master builders (magister operis) and the bishops, since they were acting in representation of the Chapter in matters related to the financing and administrative organization of the construction. The present paper aims to answer some questions concerning the profile of the operarius, such as his social condition (ecclesiastic-layman?), his competences (administrator or master builder?), as well as his cursus honorum in the monastic or cathedral communities. For that purpose, different cases studies in the Hispanic kingdoms are put forward: Ramon Lambard, lay master builder and operarius of la Seu d’Urgell cathedral; Berenguer d’Obicio, operarius and prior of la Seu Vella of Lleida, or Pedro Carnaz (Zaragoza cathedral).
中世纪的西班牙文献对歌剧给予了极大的重视。这个词在西班牙历史著作中被翻译为canonigo obrero, obrero mayor或fabriquero，其主要功能是收集和管理建筑收入。operarii是主要建造者(magister operis)和主教之间的联系，因为他们代表教会处理与建筑的资金和行政组织有关的事项。本文旨在回答有关歌剧演员形象的一些问题，如他的社会状况(教会-俗人?)，他的能力(管理员或主要建造者?)，以及他在修道院或教堂社区的荣誉课程。为此，在西班牙王国提出了不同的案例研究:拉蒙·兰巴德，la Seu d 'Urgell大教堂的非专业建筑大师和歌剧演员;贝伦格尔·德·奥比西奥，歌剧歌剧家，莱伊达的la Seu Vella或佩德罗·卡纳兹(萨拉戈萨大教堂)的院长。
{"title":"El perfil del operarius y la administración de la obra en las catedrales hispanas (siglos XII-XIII)","authors":"Carles Sánchez Márquez","doi":"10.3989/aem.2020.50.1.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/aem.2020.50.1.16","url":null,"abstract":"Medieval Hispanic sources give great importance to the operarius. This term has been translated in Spanish historical works as canonigo obrero, obrero mayor or fabriquero, whose principal function was to collect and administer the construction revenues. The operarii were a link between the master builders (magister operis) and the bishops, since they were acting in representation of the Chapter in matters related to the financing and administrative organization of the construction. The present paper aims to answer some questions concerning the profile of the operarius, such as his social condition (ecclesiastic-layman?), his competences (administrator or master builder?), as well as his cursus honorum in the monastic or cathedral communities. For that purpose, different cases studies in the Hispanic kingdoms are put forward: Ramon Lambard, lay master builder and operarius of la Seu d’Urgell cathedral; Berenguer d’Obicio, operarius and prior of la Seu Vella of Lleida, or Pedro Carnaz (Zaragoza cathedral).","PeriodicalId":45165,"journal":{"name":"Anuario de Estudios Medievales","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42387778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-30DOI: 10.3989/aem.2020.50.1.09
José Alberto Moráis Morán, María Concepción Cosmen Alonso
This research deals with the remains from the now lost Romanesque north entrance of the monastic church of Santa Maria de Carracedo (El Bierzo, Leon), specifically with six capitals and two column-statues depicting King Alfonso VII and Abbot Florencio, true renovators of the friary from the year 1138 onwards. The statues are analysed and dated, as well as located within the church, and their symbolic and iconographic dimensions are considered. The patronage of the Royal House of Leon in this almost lost work is also demonstrated, together with the participation of artists already familiar with the international sculpture of the basilica of Saint-Denis in Paris.
{"title":"La desaparecida portada románica del monasterio de Santa María de Carracedo (León)","authors":"José Alberto Moráis Morán, María Concepción Cosmen Alonso","doi":"10.3989/aem.2020.50.1.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/aem.2020.50.1.09","url":null,"abstract":"This research deals with the remains from the now lost Romanesque north entrance of the monastic church of Santa Maria de Carracedo (El Bierzo, Leon), specifically with six capitals and two column-statues depicting King Alfonso VII and Abbot Florencio, true renovators of the friary from the year 1138 onwards. The statues are analysed and dated, as well as located within the church, and their symbolic and iconographic dimensions are considered. The patronage of the Royal House of Leon in this almost lost work is also demonstrated, together with the participation of artists already familiar with the international sculpture of the basilica of Saint-Denis in Paris.","PeriodicalId":45165,"journal":{"name":"Anuario de Estudios Medievales","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42921196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-30DOI: 10.3989/aem.2020.50.1.02
Ignacio Álvarez Borge
This paper aims to study the relationship between the money rents received by the nobility, assigned on royal taxes in certain places (situados) and seigneurial power. In order to do so, the information in the account books of Sancho IV that are preserved for the late 13th century (1292) and that of the Becerro de las Behetrias for the mid-14th century (1352) will be compared, focusing on areas that we know well from previous works. Both texts enable us to address the study of these aspects in a very important period in the development of the relationship between royal and noble power, a period of changes and transformations marked by crisis and conflict from the closing decades of the 13th century onwards.
{"title":"Sobre nobleza, rentas regias y señoríos en Castilla la Vieja, c. 1290-c. 1350","authors":"Ignacio Álvarez Borge","doi":"10.3989/aem.2020.50.1.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/aem.2020.50.1.02","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to study the relationship between the money rents received by the nobility, assigned on royal taxes in certain places (situados) and seigneurial power. In order to do so, the information in the account books of Sancho IV that are preserved for the late 13th century (1292) and that of the Becerro de las Behetrias for the mid-14th century (1352) will be compared, focusing on areas that we know well from previous works. Both texts enable us to address the study of these aspects in a very important period in the development of the relationship between royal and noble power, a period of changes and transformations marked by crisis and conflict from the closing decades of the 13th century onwards.","PeriodicalId":45165,"journal":{"name":"Anuario de Estudios Medievales","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49143664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-30DOI: 10.3989/aem.2020.50.1.04
Marta Crispí i Canton
The church of the convent of Sant Pere de les Puel·les (Barcelona), consecrated in 1145, is one of the few Romanesque churches preserved in Barcelona and, unfortunately, a building little studied due to the profound transformations that it underwent in the 19th and 20th centuries. A pastoral visit to the church and to the two sacristies carried out by Abbess Violant d’Espes in 1585-1587 allows us to appreciate the spaces, the furniture and fi ttings and the rich liturgical objects of the Romanesque church in detail and, at the same time, to understand the scope of the architectural interventions that modified the structure of the church in the 15th century.
Sant Pere de les Puel·les(巴塞罗那)修道院的教堂于1145年奉献，是巴塞罗那保存下来的为数不多的罗马式教堂之一，不幸的是，由于它在19世纪和20世纪经历了深刻的变革，人们对这座建筑的研究很少。1585年至1587年，修道院院长Violant d’eses对教堂和两个圣器进行了田园式的参观，使我们能够详细地欣赏罗马式教堂的空间、家具和装饰以及丰富的礼仪物品，同时，了解15世纪修改教堂结构的建筑干预的范围。
{"title":"La iglesia del monasterio de Sant Pere de les Puel·les a través de la visita pastoral de la abadesa Violant d’Espés (1585-1587)","authors":"Marta Crispí i Canton","doi":"10.3989/aem.2020.50.1.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/aem.2020.50.1.04","url":null,"abstract":"The church of the convent of Sant Pere de les Puel·les (Barcelona), consecrated in 1145, is one of the few Romanesque churches preserved in Barcelona and, unfortunately, a building little studied due to the profound transformations that it underwent in the 19th and 20th centuries. A pastoral visit to the church and to the two sacristies carried out by Abbess Violant d’Espes in 1585-1587 allows us to appreciate the spaces, the furniture and fi ttings and the rich liturgical objects of the Romanesque church in detail and, at the same time, to understand the scope of the architectural interventions that modified the structure of the church in the 15th century.","PeriodicalId":45165,"journal":{"name":"Anuario de Estudios Medievales","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41310708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-30DOI: 10.3989/aem.2020.50.1.05
Rafael Javier Díaz Hidalgo
Until now, little has been known about the gunpowder production process in medieval Castile. The present work aims to present and analyse a manuscript treatise, from the time of the Catholic Monarchs, in the Casa del Infantado section of the collections of the Archivo Historico de la Nobleza, dedicated to the shotgun, as well as to cast light on the technical processes related to the process, saltpetre and sulphur refining and charcoal composition.
到目前为止，人们对中世纪卡斯蒂利亚的火药生产过程知之甚少。本工作旨在介绍和分析天主教君主时期的一篇手稿论文，该论文位于《贵族历史》（Archivo Historico de la Nobleza）收藏的步兵之家（Casa del Infantado）部分，专门介绍猎枪，并阐明与该工艺相关的技术工艺、硝石和硫磺精炼以及木炭成分。
{"title":"El manuscrito de elaboración de pólvora de la Casa del Infantado. Un manual técnico de fines del XV e inicios del XVI","authors":"Rafael Javier Díaz Hidalgo","doi":"10.3989/aem.2020.50.1.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/aem.2020.50.1.05","url":null,"abstract":"Until now, little has been known about the gunpowder production process in medieval Castile. The present work aims to present and analyse a manuscript treatise, from the time of the Catholic Monarchs, in the Casa del Infantado section of the collections of the Archivo Historico de la Nobleza, dedicated to the shotgun, as well as to cast light on the technical processes related to the process, saltpetre and sulphur refining and charcoal composition.","PeriodicalId":45165,"journal":{"name":"Anuario de Estudios Medievales","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44989530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-04DOI: 10.3989/aem.2020.50.1.15
M. Russo
Three of the six medieval hospitals in Sciacca were founded by merchants and nobles, members of Catalan and Valencian families who had settled in Sicily. This information allows us to reveal the role played by the Iberian families in Sciacca. Through the study of wills, in which in addition to pro anima bequests, churches, monasteries and welfare structures were founded, this study reconstructs the expressions of religious and devotional sensitivity of these families, focusing, in particular, on the institution of three hospitals and on the different forms of charity practised.
{"title":"Catalani e valenzani a Sciacca nel tardo medioevo: religiosità e fondazioni assistenziali","authors":"M. Russo","doi":"10.3989/aem.2020.50.1.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/aem.2020.50.1.15","url":null,"abstract":"Three of the six medieval hospitals in Sciacca were founded by merchants and nobles, members of Catalan and Valencian families who had settled in Sicily. This information allows us to reveal the role played by the Iberian families in Sciacca. Through the study of wills, in which in addition to pro anima bequests, churches, monasteries and welfare structures were founded, this study reconstructs the expressions of religious and devotional sensitivity of these families, focusing, in particular, on the institution of three hospitals and on the different forms of charity practised.","PeriodicalId":45165,"journal":{"name":"Anuario de Estudios Medievales","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49037164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-04DOI: 10.3989/aem.2020.50.1.10
M. Negri
A curious case of supernatural manifestation is presented in cantiga 72, one of the Cantigas de Santa Maria –a collection of Marian miracles compiled by Alfonso X and his entourage in the second half of the 13th century. Cantiga 72 depicts what appears to be the apparition of a ghost in front of a man to inform him about the place where his son’s body lies, his son having been sentenced to death by God after being judged guilty of blasphemy. Scholarship has not been able to give a clear answer to the nature of this ghost, the reasons behind its manifestation and the justifi cation of its role in the narrative. The aim of this paper is to offer some answers to these questions through a close analysis of cantiga 72, which takes into account those sources and traditions that could have contributed to the inclusion of this supernatural manifestation in this Galician-Portuguese miracle.
《圣玛利亚圣歌》（Cantigas de Santa Maria）中的《72号圣歌》中出现了一个奇怪的超自然现象案例，这是阿方索十世及其随行人员在13世纪下半叶编纂的玛丽安奇迹集。Cantiga 72描绘了一个幽灵出现在一名男子面前，告诉他儿子的尸体所在地，他的儿子在被判亵渎罪后被上帝判处死刑。Scholarship未能对这个幽灵的性质、其表现背后的原因以及它在叙事中的作用给出明确的答案。本文的目的是通过对《康蒂加72》的仔细分析，为这些问题提供一些答案，该书考虑到了那些可能有助于将这种超自然现象纳入这一加利西亚-葡萄牙奇迹的来源和传统。
{"title":"Il fantasma della Cantiga de Santa Maria 72: modelli culturali e fonti letterarie","authors":"M. Negri","doi":"10.3989/aem.2020.50.1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/aem.2020.50.1.10","url":null,"abstract":"A curious case of supernatural manifestation is presented in cantiga 72, one of the Cantigas de Santa Maria –a collection of Marian miracles compiled by Alfonso X and his entourage in the second half of the 13th century. Cantiga 72 depicts what appears to be the apparition of a ghost in front of a man to inform him about the place where his son’s body lies, his son having been sentenced to death by God after being judged guilty of blasphemy. Scholarship has not been able to give a clear answer to the nature of this ghost, the reasons behind its manifestation and the justifi cation of its role in the narrative. The aim of this paper is to offer some answers to these questions through a close analysis of cantiga 72, which takes into account those sources and traditions that could have contributed to the inclusion of this supernatural manifestation in this Galician-Portuguese miracle.","PeriodicalId":45165,"journal":{"name":"Anuario de Estudios Medievales","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42143442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-04DOI: 10.3989/aem.2020.50.1.07
I. Ilzarbe
In times of crisis and difficulties, Castilian Benedictine monasteries used multiple resources to construct a narrative about their own history that justified their importance within the society of which they formed part. Our objective will be to define the image of King Garcia Sanchez III that was drawn through the hagiographic works produced at the monasteries of San Millan de la Cogolla and Santo Domingo de Silos, at first glance very negative, in order to appreciate the motivation of their authors and the elements of the portrait of the king that have survived to the present day.
{"title":"Avaricia y furor: García el de Nájera a través de la hagiografía silense y emilianense","authors":"I. Ilzarbe","doi":"10.3989/aem.2020.50.1.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/aem.2020.50.1.07","url":null,"abstract":"In times of crisis and difficulties, Castilian Benedictine monasteries used multiple resources to construct a narrative about their own history that justified their importance within the society of which they formed part. Our objective will be to define the image of King Garcia Sanchez III that was drawn through the hagiographic works produced at the monasteries of San Millan de la Cogolla and Santo Domingo de Silos, at first glance very negative, in order to appreciate the motivation of their authors and the elements of the portrait of the king that have survived to the present day.","PeriodicalId":45165,"journal":{"name":"Anuario de Estudios Medievales","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45742364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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