Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.1177/00699667211030394
Nitin Desai
The study of human history suggests that the sources of the energy used to sustain production and consumption are the defining determinants of the productive structure, and by implication of the social structure. This article assesses the economic and sociopolitical changes that one can expect because of the major changes in energy sources required to tackle the threat of global warming. It spells out what we know at present about the risks of climate change arising from global warming, how they are being addressed at present and how the measures that are contemplated at present to cope with the threat of climate change will transform the global energy economy and why this makes possible a substantially more decentralised economy. But it also qualifies this vision and deals with the hurdles that will be faced in the structural transition.
{"title":"Energy, climate and structural change","authors":"Nitin Desai","doi":"10.1177/00699667211030394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00699667211030394","url":null,"abstract":"The study of human history suggests that the sources of the energy used to sustain production and consumption are the defining determinants of the productive structure, and by implication of the social structure. This article assesses the economic and sociopolitical changes that one can expect because of the major changes in energy sources required to tackle the threat of global warming. It spells out what we know at present about the risks of climate change arising from global warming, how they are being addressed at present and how the measures that are contemplated at present to cope with the threat of climate change will transform the global energy economy and why this makes possible a substantially more decentralised economy. But it also qualifies this vision and deals with the hurdles that will be faced in the structural transition.","PeriodicalId":45175,"journal":{"name":"Contributions To Indian Sociology","volume":"55 1","pages":"349 - 372"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42851170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.1177/00699667211057880
Awadhendra Sharan
Climate change and the pandemic, each in its own way, has powerfully drawn our attention to the imbrication of human lives with non-humans. In this article, I attempt to address these linkages through a focus on energy use and environment in Indian cities, especially in domestic settings. The introduction section of the article presents its background. The second section discusses weather and the colonial science of climatology in thinking about ventilation and thermal comfort, and ends with an account of air conditioning in Indian cities. The third section offers a history of efforts at mitigating indoor air pollution through a transition in energy use from biomass to the use of gas and electricity. In conclusion, I draw attention to the translation that is involved in thinking about energy, urbanism and climate change historically and in the contemporary period.
{"title":"Domestic environments, urban air and climate change","authors":"Awadhendra Sharan","doi":"10.1177/00699667211057880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00699667211057880","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change and the pandemic, each in its own way, has powerfully drawn our attention to the imbrication of human lives with non-humans. In this article, I attempt to address these linkages through a focus on energy use and environment in Indian cities, especially in domestic settings. The introduction section of the article presents its background. The second section discusses weather and the colonial science of climatology in thinking about ventilation and thermal comfort, and ends with an account of air conditioning in Indian cities. The third section offers a history of efforts at mitigating indoor air pollution through a transition in energy use from biomass to the use of gas and electricity. In conclusion, I draw attention to the translation that is involved in thinking about energy, urbanism and climate change historically and in the contemporary period.","PeriodicalId":45175,"journal":{"name":"Contributions To Indian Sociology","volume":"55 1","pages":"373 - 391"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49128423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.1177/00699667211068450
Vasudha Chhotray
Max Liboiron. 2021. Pollution is Colonialism. Durham: Duke University Press. xiv + 197 pp. Figures, bibliography, index. $24.95 (eBook)
Max Liboiron。2021年。污染就是殖民主义。达勒姆：杜克大学出版社。xiv+197页。数字、参考书目、索引$24.95（电子书）
{"title":"Book review: Max Liboiron. 2021. Pollution is Colonialism","authors":"Vasudha Chhotray","doi":"10.1177/00699667211068450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00699667211068450","url":null,"abstract":"Max Liboiron. 2021. Pollution is Colonialism. Durham: Duke University Press. xiv + 197 pp. Figures, bibliography, index. $24.95 (eBook)","PeriodicalId":45175,"journal":{"name":"Contributions To Indian Sociology","volume":"55 1","pages":"465 - 468"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47578066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.1177/00699667211007514
Sruti Kanungo, Anindita Chakrabarti
In India, gold’s uniqueness lies in its dual demand for ‘sacred’ ritual purposes as well as ‘profane’ economic security. As a scarce commodity, gold is continuously monitored and regulated by the state. This study investigates how communities associated with the craft and trade of gold jewellery cope with state regulations, an aspect that has largely gone undocumented in sociological literature. The article traces the transformation of the goldsmithing sector in post-independence India. The repeal of the Gold Control Act 1968 in 1990 and high demand during the post-liberalisation period gave a tremendous fillip to the gold jewellery sector. The study captures the occupational recasting as a new community of goldsmiths emerged during this period replacing the traditional goldsmithing castes. It contributes to the under-studied field of goldsmithing in India providing an ethnographic account of a triadic relationship between an informal manufacturing sector, state regulation and a self-organised workforce based on regional ties and village networks.
{"title":"Gold governance and goldsmithery: Economic sociology of an informal manufacturing sector in India","authors":"Sruti Kanungo, Anindita Chakrabarti","doi":"10.1177/00699667211007514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00699667211007514","url":null,"abstract":"In India, gold’s uniqueness lies in its dual demand for ‘sacred’ ritual purposes as well as ‘profane’ economic security. As a scarce commodity, gold is continuously monitored and regulated by the state. This study investigates how communities associated with the craft and trade of gold jewellery cope with state regulations, an aspect that has largely gone undocumented in sociological literature. The article traces the transformation of the goldsmithing sector in post-independence India. The repeal of the Gold Control Act 1968 in 1990 and high demand during the post-liberalisation period gave a tremendous fillip to the gold jewellery sector. The study captures the occupational recasting as a new community of goldsmiths emerged during this period replacing the traditional goldsmithing castes. It contributes to the under-studied field of goldsmithing in India providing an ethnographic account of a triadic relationship between an informal manufacturing sector, state regulation and a self-organised workforce based on regional ties and village networks.","PeriodicalId":45175,"journal":{"name":"Contributions To Indian Sociology","volume":"55 1","pages":"172 - 199"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/00699667211007514","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46828824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.1177/00699667211002425
Robert D. Smith
Dwaipayan Banerjee. 2020. Enduring Cancer: Life, Death, and Diagnosis in Delhi. Durham and London: Duke University Press. x + 224 pp. Notes, bibliography, index. $25.95 (eBook).
{"title":"Book review: Dwaipayan Banerjee. 2020. Enduring Cancer: Life, Death, and Diagnosis in Delhi","authors":"Robert D. Smith","doi":"10.1177/00699667211002425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00699667211002425","url":null,"abstract":"Dwaipayan Banerjee. 2020. Enduring Cancer: Life, Death, and Diagnosis in Delhi. Durham and London: Duke University Press. x + 224 pp. Notes, bibliography, index. $25.95 (eBook).","PeriodicalId":45175,"journal":{"name":"Contributions To Indian Sociology","volume":"55 1","pages":"290 - 294"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/00699667211002425","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42233004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.1177/00699667211002302
M. Karlekar
Sasanka Perera. 2020. The Fear of the Visual? Photography, Anthropology, and Anxieties of Seeing. Hyderabad: Orient Blackswan. 260 pp. Photographs, references, index. Rs 850 (hardback).
{"title":"Book review: Sasanka Perera. 2020. The Fear of the Visual? Photography, Anthropology, and Anxieties of Seeing","authors":"M. Karlekar","doi":"10.1177/00699667211002302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00699667211002302","url":null,"abstract":"Sasanka Perera. 2020. The Fear of the Visual? Photography, Anthropology, and Anxieties of Seeing. Hyderabad: Orient Blackswan. 260 pp. Photographs, references, index. Rs 850 (hardback).","PeriodicalId":45175,"journal":{"name":"Contributions To Indian Sociology","volume":"55 1","pages":"282 - 284"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/00699667211002302","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46432763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.1177/00699667211010710
V. Sujatha
Health behaviour of the people is said to be shaped by market forces, scientific or religious institutions or the state. It is pertinent to examine the dominant institutions that shape health cultures in any society, at any given point in time. While public health has not been a priority for the Indian state, the COVID-19 pandemic created an unmistakable opportunity for state regulation. It is the argument of this article that the state has been central to the framing of the COVID-19 pandemic and the identification of relevant interventions, such that the borderline between the political and medical is blurred. The influence of these institutional decisions on the health behaviour of the people indicates that compliant health behaviour is a symbolic resource for the state in societies like India, irrespective of whether the government actually delivers on its health care delivery.
{"title":"I: COVID-19 pandemic and the politics of risk: Perspectives on science, state and society in India","authors":"V. Sujatha","doi":"10.1177/00699667211010710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00699667211010710","url":null,"abstract":"Health behaviour of the people is said to be shaped by market forces, scientific or religious institutions or the state. It is pertinent to examine the dominant institutions that shape health cultures in any society, at any given point in time. While public health has not been a priority for the Indian state, the COVID-19 pandemic created an unmistakable opportunity for state regulation. It is the argument of this article that the state has been central to the framing of the COVID-19 pandemic and the identification of relevant interventions, such that the borderline between the political and medical is blurred. The influence of these institutional decisions on the health behaviour of the people indicates that compliant health behaviour is a symbolic resource for the state in societies like India, irrespective of whether the government actually delivers on its health care delivery.","PeriodicalId":45175,"journal":{"name":"Contributions To Indian Sociology","volume":"55 1","pages":"254 - 267"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/00699667211010710","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48538472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.1177/00699667211006954
Carla Bellamy
This article adds to the emergent picture of caste practices among Indian Muslim communities through a focus on caste-based discourses and practices in the contemporary OBC Muslim Chhipa community (OBC, short for ‘Other Backward Class’, is an Indian-government designation). The article examines Muslim Chhipa origin stories, marriage practices and language strategies and shows the ways in which these phenomena—and attitudes about them—allow Muslim Chhipas to articulate and enact strategies of upward mobility and respectability. Central to these strategies is the idea of ‘Islam’, though not in its expected guise as a religion of equality. The article also shows that Islam plays a different but ultimately complementary role in intra-Chhipa relations, allowing for continued caste pride. However, the upward mobility achieved by some suggests that caste practices and beliefs in Muslim communities remain linked to pan-South Asian notions of purity and pollution and, as such, perpetuate discrimination against dalit Muslims.
{"title":"Being Muslim the Chhipa way: Caste identity as Islamic identity in a low-caste Indian Muslim community","authors":"Carla Bellamy","doi":"10.1177/00699667211006954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00699667211006954","url":null,"abstract":"This article adds to the emergent picture of caste practices among Indian Muslim communities through a focus on caste-based discourses and practices in the contemporary OBC Muslim Chhipa community (OBC, short for ‘Other Backward Class’, is an Indian-government designation). The article examines Muslim Chhipa origin stories, marriage practices and language strategies and shows the ways in which these phenomena—and attitudes about them—allow Muslim Chhipas to articulate and enact strategies of upward mobility and respectability. Central to these strategies is the idea of ‘Islam’, though not in its expected guise as a religion of equality. The article also shows that Islam plays a different but ultimately complementary role in intra-Chhipa relations, allowing for continued caste pride. However, the upward mobility achieved by some suggests that caste practices and beliefs in Muslim communities remain linked to pan-South Asian notions of purity and pollution and, as such, perpetuate discrimination against dalit Muslims.","PeriodicalId":45175,"journal":{"name":"Contributions To Indian Sociology","volume":"55 1","pages":"224 - 253"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/00699667211006954","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44737596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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