Pub Date : 2025-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.arteri.2025.500769
Julius Soudant , Raquel González-Blázquez , Abraham Merino , Constanza Ballesteros-Martínez , Raquel Rodrigues-Diez , Rosa Moreno-Carriles , J. Francisco Nistal , Susana Guerra , Juan Miguel Redondo , Mercedes Salaices , Ana M. Briones , Ana B. García-Redondo
Introduction
Inflammation is a major determinant of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). Interferon stimulated gene 15 (ISG15) has a role in vascular remodelling in AAA. This study investigates the mechanisms whereby ISG15 might affect vascular remodeling and function.
Methods
We used vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) from wild type (ISG15+/+) o ISG15 knockout (ISG15−/−) mice, aorta from ISG15+/+ and ISG15−/− mice infused with angiotensin II (1.44 mg/kg/day, sc, 14 days), and human AAA. We also performed a model of recombinant ISG15 infusion (rISG15, sc, 100 and 500 ng/day, 14 days) in mice.
Results
In VSMC, ISG15 deficiency increased the expression of contractile (Acta2, Tagln) and synthetic (Fn1, Col1a2, Col3, Col4) markers and decreased the expression of the calcification marker Spp1. Ang II infusion changed the expression of phenotype markers differently in aorta from ISG15+/+ or ISG15−/− mice. ISG15 expression showed a negative correlation with expression of contractile markers (ACTA2, CNN1), and with COL3a1, in human samples from patients with AAA or with stenotic aorto-iliac pathology. rISG15 infusion induced hypotrophic vascular remodelling in mesenteric arteries without affecting vascular mechanics. Aorta of ISG15−/− mice contracted more to thromboxane A2 analogue U46619, compared to ISG15−/−mice. Both aorta and mesenteric arteries from rISG15-treated mice showed less contractility than control mice.
Conclusions
ISG15 participates in pathological vascular remodeling probably by modulating VSMC phenotype. These changes could also impact in the vascular function.
{"title":"El gen estimulado por interferón 15 (ISG15) modula el fenotipo de células musculares lisas vasculares y el remodelado vascular patológico","authors":"Julius Soudant , Raquel González-Blázquez , Abraham Merino , Constanza Ballesteros-Martínez , Raquel Rodrigues-Diez , Rosa Moreno-Carriles , J. Francisco Nistal , Susana Guerra , Juan Miguel Redondo , Mercedes Salaices , Ana M. Briones , Ana B. García-Redondo","doi":"10.1016/j.arteri.2025.500769","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arteri.2025.500769","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Inflammation is a major determinant of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). Interferon stimulated gene 15 (ISG15) has a role in vascular remodelling in AAA. This study investigates the mechanisms whereby ISG15 might affect vascular remodeling and function.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We used vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) from wild type (ISG15<sup>+/+</sup>) o ISG15 knockout (ISG15<sup>−/−</sup>) mice, aorta from ISG15<sup>+/+</sup> and ISG15<sup>−/−</sup> mice infused with angiotensin II (1.44<!--> <!-->mg/kg/day, sc, 14 days), and human AAA. We also performed a model of recombinant ISG15 infusion (rISG15, sc, 100 and 500<!--> <!-->ng/day, 14 days) in mice.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In VSMC, ISG15 deficiency increased the expression of contractile (<em>Acta2</em>, <em>Tagln</em>) and synthetic (<em>Fn1</em>, <em>Col1a2</em>, <em>Col3</em>, <em>Col4</em>) markers and decreased the expression of the calcification marker <em>Spp1</em>. Ang II infusion changed the expression of phenotype markers differently in aorta from ISG15<sup>+/+</sup> or ISG15<sup>−/−</sup> mice. ISG15 expression showed a negative correlation with expression of contractile markers (<em>ACTA2</em>, <em>CNN1</em>), and with <em>COL3a1,</em> in human samples from patients with AAA or with stenotic aorto-iliac pathology. rISG15 infusion induced hypotrophic vascular remodelling in mesenteric arteries without affecting vascular mechanics. Aorta of ISG15<sup>−/−</sup> mice contracted more to thromboxane A<sub>2</sub> analogue U46619, compared to ISG15<sup>−/−</sup>mice. Both aorta and mesenteric arteries from rISG15-treated mice showed less contractility than control mice.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>ISG15 participates in pathological vascular remodeling probably by modulating VSMC phenotype. These changes could also impact in the vascular function.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45230,"journal":{"name":"Clinica e Investigacion en Arteriosclerosis","volume":"37 5","pages":"Article 500769"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-16DOI: 10.1016/j.arteri.2025.500844
Ronghao Li, Mengfan Li, Xinyi Wang, Zhongyun Zhou
Background: The American Heart Association has modified Life's Essential 8 (LE8) as a new algorithm for evaluating cardiovascular health (CVH). However, the relationship between LE8 and cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence among diabetic patients, and the potential effect of oxidative stress and inflammation within these associations remain to be elucidated.
Methods: Three thousand eight hundred twenty-eight diabetic patients were selected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The weighted logistic regression was employed to examine the association between LE8 with CVD, and the quantitative relationship was investigated with a restricted cubic spline (RCS). Mediation analyses explored the mediating role of oxidative stress and inflammation in the above relationship.
Results: In the 3828 diabetic patients, a total of 977 people were diagnosed with CVD, and the LE8 was significantly and linearly negatively associated with CVD incidence. After all covariates were adjusted, the medium CVH group had a 25% lower risk of CVD (OR: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.58, 0.95) than the low CVH group, and the high CVH group had a 66% lower risk (OR: 0.34, 95% CI: 0.12, 0.94). Furthermore, oxidative stress and inflammation explained 11.57% and 10.89% of the connection, respectively (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Elevated LE8 is negatively associated with adverse cardiovascular events in diabetes mellitus and the association appeared to be partially mediated through oxidative stress and inflammation pathways. Those results indicate the necessity of maintaining at least moderate cardiovascular health and the LE8 help make lifestyle self-management more targeted for diabetes patients.
{"title":"Oxidative stress and inflammation link Life's Essential 8 with adverse cardiovascular events in adults with diabetes mellitus: NHANES 2011-2018.","authors":"Ronghao Li, Mengfan Li, Xinyi Wang, Zhongyun Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.arteri.2025.500844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arteri.2025.500844","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The American Heart Association has modified Life's Essential 8 (LE8) as a new algorithm for evaluating cardiovascular health (CVH). However, the relationship between LE8 and cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence among diabetic patients, and the potential effect of oxidative stress and inflammation within these associations remain to be elucidated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Three thousand eight hundred twenty-eight diabetic patients were selected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The weighted logistic regression was employed to examine the association between LE8 with CVD, and the quantitative relationship was investigated with a restricted cubic spline (RCS). Mediation analyses explored the mediating role of oxidative stress and inflammation in the above relationship.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the 3828 diabetic patients, a total of 977 people were diagnosed with CVD, and the LE8 was significantly and linearly negatively associated with CVD incidence. After all covariates were adjusted, the medium CVH group had a 25% lower risk of CVD (OR: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.58, 0.95) than the low CVH group, and the high CVH group had a 66% lower risk (OR: 0.34, 95% CI: 0.12, 0.94). Furthermore, oxidative stress and inflammation explained 11.57% and 10.89% of the connection, respectively (P<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Elevated LE8 is negatively associated with adverse cardiovascular events in diabetes mellitus and the association appeared to be partially mediated through oxidative stress and inflammation pathways. Those results indicate the necessity of maintaining at least moderate cardiovascular health and the LE8 help make lifestyle self-management more targeted for diabetes patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":45230,"journal":{"name":"Clinica e Investigacion en Arteriosclerosis","volume":" ","pages":"500844"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144875830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-14DOI: 10.1016/j.arteri.2025.500842
Lisaidy Ramos-Regalado, Leonie Schoch, Sebastià Alcover, Marta Magaldi, Ignacio Barriuso, Teresa Padró, María Borrell, Lina Badimon, Carlos Zaragoza, Gemma Vilahur
Background: MicroRNAs (miRs) regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally and are transported by high-density lipoproteins (HDL). Hypercholesterolemic HDL particles are enriched with miR-126-3p/5p, which can be delivered to endothelial cells, leading to the downregulation of hypoxia-inducible-factor-1α (HIF-1α), a key transcription factor involved in metabolic responses to hypoxia and cell survival during myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R).
Objective: To investigate the effects of miR-126 mimic and inhibitor transfection on the HIF-1α/apoptosis axis in cardiac cell constituents under experimental I/R.
Methods: Firstly, specific durations of I/R were established for cardiac cells (cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and macrophages) based on their susceptibility to metabolic changes and cell death. Then, we assessed the impact of transfecting these cells with mimic-miR-126-5p and anti-miR-126-5p to the selected timings of I/R on the HIF-1α/apoptosis axis.
Results: Endothelial cells were resistant to I/R and fibroblasts were sensitive to ischemia whereas cardiomyocytes displayed high metabolic flexibility. Endogenous miR-126 expression was exclusively found in endothelial cells. Transfection with anti-miR-126 increased HIF-1α transcription in endothelial cells and cardiomyocytes, while reducing HIF-1α levels in fibroblasts, resulted in decreased transcript levels of apoptotic markers. HIF-1α transcript levels remained unchanged in macrophages and transfection with mimic-miR-126 exerted no changes in the HIF-1α/apoptosis axis in all tested cells.
Conclusions: miR-126 differentially regulates HIF-1α/apoptosis expression in cardiac cells exposed to experimental I/R and may serve as a potential therapeutic target for enhancing myocardial resilience in the setting of myocardial infarction.
{"title":"Differential regulation of the HIF-1α/apoptosis axis by miR-126-5p in cardiac cells during ischemia/reperfusion injury.","authors":"Lisaidy Ramos-Regalado, Leonie Schoch, Sebastià Alcover, Marta Magaldi, Ignacio Barriuso, Teresa Padró, María Borrell, Lina Badimon, Carlos Zaragoza, Gemma Vilahur","doi":"10.1016/j.arteri.2025.500842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arteri.2025.500842","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>MicroRNAs (miRs) regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally and are transported by high-density lipoproteins (HDL). Hypercholesterolemic HDL particles are enriched with miR-126-3p/5p, which can be delivered to endothelial cells, leading to the downregulation of hypoxia-inducible-factor-1α (HIF-1α), a key transcription factor involved in metabolic responses to hypoxia and cell survival during myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the effects of miR-126 mimic and inhibitor transfection on the HIF-1α/apoptosis axis in cardiac cell constituents under experimental I/R.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Firstly, specific durations of I/R were established for cardiac cells (cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and macrophages) based on their susceptibility to metabolic changes and cell death. Then, we assessed the impact of transfecting these cells with mimic-miR-126-5p and anti-miR-126-5p to the selected timings of I/R on the HIF-1α/apoptosis axis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Endothelial cells were resistant to I/R and fibroblasts were sensitive to ischemia whereas cardiomyocytes displayed high metabolic flexibility. Endogenous miR-126 expression was exclusively found in endothelial cells. Transfection with anti-miR-126 increased HIF-1α transcription in endothelial cells and cardiomyocytes, while reducing HIF-1α levels in fibroblasts, resulted in decreased transcript levels of apoptotic markers. HIF-1α transcript levels remained unchanged in macrophages and transfection with mimic-miR-126 exerted no changes in the HIF-1α/apoptosis axis in all tested cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>miR-126 differentially regulates HIF-1α/apoptosis expression in cardiac cells exposed to experimental I/R and may serve as a potential therapeutic target for enhancing myocardial resilience in the setting of myocardial infarction.</p>","PeriodicalId":45230,"journal":{"name":"Clinica e Investigacion en Arteriosclerosis","volume":" ","pages":"500842"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144859716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: The neutrophil percentage-to-albumin ratio (NPAR) is a readily available biomarker with prognostic significance across various disease conditions. However, its role in predicting mortality among community patients with chest pain remains underexplored. This study examined NPAR's association with long-term mortality in adults with chest pain using NHANES 2001-2018 data.
Methods: We analyzed data from 6846 community-dwelling adults reporting chest pain. Cox proportional hazards regression models, restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis, and Kaplan-Meier survival curves were employed to evaluate the relationship between NPAR and the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Models were adjusted for demographic, clinical, and laboratory covariates.
Results: Participants were categorized into tertiles based on NPAR values: T1 (<13.0), T2 (13.0-15.0), and T3 (>15.0). Multivariable analysis revealed that the T3 cohort demonstrated significantly increased risks of all-cause mortality (HR 1.56, 95% CI 1.32-1.84, P<0.001) and cardiovascular mortality (HR 1.86, 95% CI 1.37-2.51, P<0.001) relative to T1. RCS analysis identified a J-shaped relationship between NPAR and mortality risk, with a significant inflection point at NPAR >13.5 (P for non-linearity <0.001). Incremental analysis showed that each unit increase in NPAR was associated with an 11% higher risk of all-cause mortality (HR 1.11, 95% CI 1.07-1.14, P<0.001) and a 14% increased risk of cardiovascular mortality (HR 1.14, 95% CI 1.08-1.20, P<0.001).
Conclusions: Elevated NPAR levels are independently associated with increased long-term mortality in adults with chest pain. These findings position NPAR as a promising prognostic biomarker in this patient population.
目的：中性粒细胞百分比与白蛋白比率（NPAR）是一种易于获得的生物标志物，在各种疾病条件下具有预后意义。然而，它在预测社区胸痛患者死亡率方面的作用仍未得到充分探讨。本研究使用NHANES 2001-2018年的数据研究了NPAR与胸痛成人长期死亡率的关系。方法：我们分析了6846名报告胸痛的社区居住成年人的数据。采用Cox比例风险回归模型、限制性三次样条（RCS）分析和Kaplan-Meier生存曲线来评估NPAR与全因死亡率和心血管死亡率之间的关系。根据人口统计学、临床和实验室协变量对模型进行了调整。结果：根据NPAR值T1（15.0）对参与者进行分类。多变量分析显示，T3队列显示全因死亡风险显著增加（HR 1.56, 95% CI 1.32-1.84, P13.5）。结论：NPAR水平升高与胸痛成人长期死亡率增加独立相关。这些发现使NPAR成为该患者群体中有希望的预后生物标志物。
{"title":"Association between neutrophil percentage-to-albumin ratio (NPAR) and long-term mortality in community-dwelling adults with chest pain: Evidence from US NHANES 2001-2018.","authors":"Qiyun Long, Zejiang Liu, Qin Guo, Xuhui Song, Yongcan Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.arteri.2025.500843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arteri.2025.500843","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The neutrophil percentage-to-albumin ratio (NPAR) is a readily available biomarker with prognostic significance across various disease conditions. However, its role in predicting mortality among community patients with chest pain remains underexplored. This study examined NPAR's association with long-term mortality in adults with chest pain using NHANES 2001-2018 data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data from 6846 community-dwelling adults reporting chest pain. Cox proportional hazards regression models, restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis, and Kaplan-Meier survival curves were employed to evaluate the relationship between NPAR and the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Models were adjusted for demographic, clinical, and laboratory covariates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants were categorized into tertiles based on NPAR values: T1 (<13.0), T2 (13.0-15.0), and T3 (>15.0). Multivariable analysis revealed that the T3 cohort demonstrated significantly increased risks of all-cause mortality (HR 1.56, 95% CI 1.32-1.84, P<0.001) and cardiovascular mortality (HR 1.86, 95% CI 1.37-2.51, P<0.001) relative to T1. RCS analysis identified a J-shaped relationship between NPAR and mortality risk, with a significant inflection point at NPAR >13.5 (P for non-linearity <0.001). Incremental analysis showed that each unit increase in NPAR was associated with an 11% higher risk of all-cause mortality (HR 1.11, 95% CI 1.07-1.14, P<0.001) and a 14% increased risk of cardiovascular mortality (HR 1.14, 95% CI 1.08-1.20, P<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Elevated NPAR levels are independently associated with increased long-term mortality in adults with chest pain. These findings position NPAR as a promising prognostic biomarker in this patient population.</p>","PeriodicalId":45230,"journal":{"name":"Clinica e Investigacion en Arteriosclerosis","volume":" ","pages":"500843"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144859715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-01DOI: 10.1016/j.arteri.2025.500841
Jose I Cuende, Carlos Guijarro
Aims: SCORE2 and SCORE2-OP cardiovascular risk tables were published in 2021 and incorporated into European cardiovascular prevention guidelines, replacing the previous SCORE tables. Since the 2012 version of these guidelines, the concept of vascular age has been included. Although there are vascular age tables derived from SCORE, there are no vascular age tables derived from SCORE2 and SCORE2-OP. The aim of this study is to construct new vascular age tables derived from SCORE2 and SCORE2-OP.
Methods: Based on the data from the SCORE2 and SCORE2-OP risk tables, 8 regressions between age and risk are calculated in baseline conditions for the 8 combinations of sex and cardiovascular risk zones. Another 248 regressions corresponding to the different non-baseline situations are calculated. By equating the risk in each box of the risk tables with the same risk in baseline conditions, the vascular age in each box of the risk tables can be obtained. Regression, determination and intraclass correlation coefficients are calculated to asses adjustment and agreement.
Results: Four vascular age tables have been obtained corresponding to countries with low, moderate, high and very high cardiovascular risk. The concordance in vascular age between the 4 tables is greater than 0.99, thus a universal vascular age table has been constructed. Vascular age does not need calibration unlike absolute risk.
Conclusions: Vascular age tables have been created from the SCORE2 and SCORE2-OP tables. A single vascular age table may be used for all European Countries.
{"title":"Vascular age calculation from SCORE2 and SCORE2-OP cardiovascular risk tables.","authors":"Jose I Cuende, Carlos Guijarro","doi":"10.1016/j.arteri.2025.500841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arteri.2025.500841","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>SCORE2 and SCORE2-OP cardiovascular risk tables were published in 2021 and incorporated into European cardiovascular prevention guidelines, replacing the previous SCORE tables. Since the 2012 version of these guidelines, the concept of vascular age has been included. Although there are vascular age tables derived from SCORE, there are no vascular age tables derived from SCORE2 and SCORE2-OP. The aim of this study is to construct new vascular age tables derived from SCORE2 and SCORE2-OP.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Based on the data from the SCORE2 and SCORE2-OP risk tables, 8 regressions between age and risk are calculated in baseline conditions for the 8 combinations of sex and cardiovascular risk zones. Another 248 regressions corresponding to the different non-baseline situations are calculated. By equating the risk in each box of the risk tables with the same risk in baseline conditions, the vascular age in each box of the risk tables can be obtained. Regression, determination and intraclass correlation coefficients are calculated to asses adjustment and agreement.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four vascular age tables have been obtained corresponding to countries with low, moderate, high and very high cardiovascular risk. The concordance in vascular age between the 4 tables is greater than 0.99, thus a universal vascular age table has been constructed. Vascular age does not need calibration unlike absolute risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Vascular age tables have been created from the SCORE2 and SCORE2-OP tables. A single vascular age table may be used for all European Countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":45230,"journal":{"name":"Clinica e Investigacion en Arteriosclerosis","volume":" ","pages":"500841"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144769180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-28DOI: 10.1016/j.arteri.2025.500840
Miguel García Samuelsson, Pedro Juan Tárraga López, Ángel Arturo López González, Carla Busquets-Cortés, Joan Obrador de Hevia, José Ignacio Ramírez Manent
Objective: To analyze lipid profiles and sociodemographic factors associated with atherogenic risk in obese workers classified as metabolically healthy (MHO) or unhealthy (MNHO).
Methods: Cross-sectional study of 68,884 obese workers. Atherogenic lipid indices (total cholesterol/HDL-c, LDL-c/HDL-c, triglycerides/HDL-c) and prevalence of atherogenic dyslipidemia were assessed. Multinomial logistic regression identified factors linked to lipid risk.
Results: MNHO individuals exhibited significantly higher atherogenic indices across sexes and diagnostic criteria. Atherogenic dyslipidemia and lipid triad were more prevalent in MNHO. Male sex, older age, lower educational level, lower social class, physical inactivity, low adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and smoking were associated with higher lipid risk.
Conclusion: Although MHO individuals show a more favorable lipid profile than MNHO, this advantage weakens with less stringent definitions. Sociodemographic and lifestyle factors strongly modulate atherogenic risk.
{"title":"Lipid profile and atherogenic risk in metabolically healthy and unhealthy obese individuals: A cohort analysis by sex and sociodemographic factors.","authors":"Miguel García Samuelsson, Pedro Juan Tárraga López, Ángel Arturo López González, Carla Busquets-Cortés, Joan Obrador de Hevia, José Ignacio Ramírez Manent","doi":"10.1016/j.arteri.2025.500840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arteri.2025.500840","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To analyze lipid profiles and sociodemographic factors associated with atherogenic risk in obese workers classified as metabolically healthy (MHO) or unhealthy (MNHO).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cross-sectional study of 68,884 obese workers. Atherogenic lipid indices (total cholesterol/HDL-c, LDL-c/HDL-c, triglycerides/HDL-c) and prevalence of atherogenic dyslipidemia were assessed. Multinomial logistic regression identified factors linked to lipid risk.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MNHO individuals exhibited significantly higher atherogenic indices across sexes and diagnostic criteria. Atherogenic dyslipidemia and lipid triad were more prevalent in MNHO. Male sex, older age, lower educational level, lower social class, physical inactivity, low adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and smoking were associated with higher lipid risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although MHO individuals show a more favorable lipid profile than MNHO, this advantage weakens with less stringent definitions. Sociodemographic and lifestyle factors strongly modulate atherogenic risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":45230,"journal":{"name":"Clinica e Investigacion en Arteriosclerosis","volume":" ","pages":"500840"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144745416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-01DOI: 10.1016/j.arteri.2025.500799
Rosa Fernández-Olmo , Alberto Cordero , Armando Oterino , Agustín Blanco-Echevarría , David Vivas , Carlos Escobar , Emilio Ortega , Mónica Torres-Fonseca , Carmen Sánchez-Peinador , Borja Quiroga , Vicente Pascual , Pedro Martínez-Losas , Daniel Escribano , María del Mar Freijo , Rosa María Sánchez Hernández , Ana Viana , Román Freixa-Pamias , Almudena Castro , Juan José Gómez Doblas
In recent years we have been experiencing an advance in lipid-lowering therapies, with the appearance of new drugs that act on the different metabolic pathways, reducing both the levels of cholesterol associated with low-density lipoproteins (LDL-C) containing apoprotein B (ApoB), and vascular risk. However, the results in achieving goals are still scarce, as well as the use of the different therapies that help us to achieve them. Among the reasons that justify this situation are: the inadequate identification of vascular risk, the underuse of therapies, poor adherence to the recommended treatment, the lack of organization in terms of the assignment of roles and algorithms of action in the follow-up of patients and the need for improved education and psychosocial interventions that influence both adherence and consolidation of Healthy lifestyle habits. This consensus document aims to improve the approach and follow-up of dyslipidemia in a comprehensive way, defining the planning of lipid-lowering therapies as a control strategy (SEC/SEA/SEEN/SEMFYC/SEMERGEN/SEMG/SEN/SEACV/S.E.N.).
{"title":"Planificación del tratamiento hipolipemiante en la enfermedad vascular ateroesclerótica. Consenso SEC/SEA/SEEN/SEMFYC/SEMERGEN/SEMG/SEN/SEACV/S.E.N","authors":"Rosa Fernández-Olmo , Alberto Cordero , Armando Oterino , Agustín Blanco-Echevarría , David Vivas , Carlos Escobar , Emilio Ortega , Mónica Torres-Fonseca , Carmen Sánchez-Peinador , Borja Quiroga , Vicente Pascual , Pedro Martínez-Losas , Daniel Escribano , María del Mar Freijo , Rosa María Sánchez Hernández , Ana Viana , Román Freixa-Pamias , Almudena Castro , Juan José Gómez Doblas","doi":"10.1016/j.arteri.2025.500799","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arteri.2025.500799","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years we have been experiencing an advance in lipid-lowering therapies, with the appearance of new drugs that act on the different metabolic pathways, reducing both the levels of cholesterol associated with low-density lipoproteins (LDL-C) containing apoprotein<!--> <!-->B (ApoB), and vascular risk. However, the results in achieving goals are still scarce, as well as the use of the different therapies that help us to achieve them. Among the reasons that justify this situation are: the inadequate identification of vascular risk, the underuse of therapies, poor adherence to the recommended treatment, the lack of organization in terms of the assignment of roles and algorithms of action in the follow-up of patients and the need for improved education and psychosocial interventions that influence both adherence and consolidation of Healthy lifestyle habits. This consensus document aims to improve the approach and follow-up of dyslipidemia in a comprehensive way, defining the planning of lipid-lowering therapies as a control strategy (SEC/SEA/SEEN/SEMFYC/SEMERGEN/SEMG/SEN/SEACV/S.E.N.).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45230,"journal":{"name":"Clinica e Investigacion en Arteriosclerosis","volume":"37 4","pages":"Article 500799"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144017040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-01DOI: 10.1016/j.arteri.2025.500801
Irving Mauricio Lecona Licona , José María Rodríguez Lelis , Joaquín Pérez Ortega , José Alfredo Rodríguez Ramírez
Introduction
Ischemic diseases are the second leading cause of death in Mexico and account for over 30% of deaths worldwide. Atherosclerosis, in particular, obstructs arteries and impairs blood circulation, contributing to increased mortality and reduced quality of life. Objective In this study, adhesion energies and their influence on the structural arrangement of an atheroma were determined.
Methodology
Adhesion energies were measured for each main component of the atheroma, including arteries and plaque components such as cholesterol, calcium, collagen, glucose, and elastin. The relationship between adhesion and atheroma formation is demonstrated, highlighting the significant interaction of adhesion energies between fibrinogen and cholesterol. Numerical results showed that fibrinogen and cholesterol have the highest adhesion energy, followed by collagen-glucose and cholesterol-elastin combinations.
Results
Additionally, interactions with the highest adhesion energy, such as Fib-Fib with an energy value of , CML-GB with a value of , along with LDL-LDL with an adhesion value of and Elas-LDL with a J value of , influence the atheroma structure formation.
Conclusions
These results demonstrate the association between adhesion energy in forming an atheroma that obstructs arteries, reduces blood flow, and the pathology of thrombus formation.
{"title":"Correlación de la adhesión de los elementos del ateroma y las causas de la trombosis","authors":"Irving Mauricio Lecona Licona , José María Rodríguez Lelis , Joaquín Pérez Ortega , José Alfredo Rodríguez Ramírez","doi":"10.1016/j.arteri.2025.500801","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arteri.2025.500801","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Ischemic diseases are the second leading cause of death in Mexico and account for over 30% of deaths worldwide. Atherosclerosis, in particular, obstructs arteries and impairs blood circulation, contributing to increased mortality and reduced quality of life. <em>Objective</em> In this study, adhesion energies and their influence on the structural arrangement of an atheroma were determined.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>Adhesion energies were measured for each main component of the atheroma, including arteries and plaque components such as cholesterol, calcium, collagen, glucose, and elastin. The relationship between adhesion and atheroma formation is demonstrated, highlighting the significant interaction of adhesion energies between fibrinogen and cholesterol. Numerical results showed that fibrinogen and cholesterol have the highest adhesion energy, followed by collagen-glucose and cholesterol-elastin combinations.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Additionally, interactions with the highest adhesion energy, such as Fib-Fib with an energy value of <span><math><mrow><mn>9.60</mn><mi>x</mi><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>5</mn></mrow></msup><mi>J</mi><mo>/</mo><msup><mi>m</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></mrow></math></span>, CML-GB with a value of <span><math><mrow><mn>2.76</mn><mi>x</mi><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>9</mn></mrow></msup><mi>J</mi><mo>/</mo><msup><mi>m</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></mrow></math></span>, along with LDL-LDL with an adhesion value of <span><math><mrow><mn>6.35</mn><mi>x</mi><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>5</mn></mrow></msup><mi>J</mi><mo>/</mo><msup><mi>m</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></mrow></math></span> and Elas-LDL with a J value of <span><math><mrow><mn>3.40</mn><mi>x</mi><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>5</mn></mrow></msup><mi>J</mi><mo>/</mo><msup><mi>m</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></mrow></math></span>, influence the atheroma structure formation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These results demonstrate the association between adhesion energy in forming an atheroma that obstructs arteries, reduces blood flow, and the pathology of thrombus formation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45230,"journal":{"name":"Clinica e Investigacion en Arteriosclerosis","volume":"37 4","pages":"Article 500801"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144020923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-01DOI: 10.1016/j.arteri.2024.08.006
Hai Phuong Nguyen Tran , Tai Nhat Nguyen , Kha Minh Nguyen , Sang Quang Ly , Sy Van Hoang
Introduction
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been frequently observed in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, there is limited research assessing the impact of metabolic syndrome on coronary artery severity in patients with acute myocardial infarction.
Methods
We analyzed 199 patients with AMI who underwent invasive coronary angiography. This study aimed to determine the impact of MetS, MetS score and its components on coronary artery severity.
Results
The study comprised 199 eligible patients, with an average age of 64.5 ± 11.3 years. Among the entire cohort, 136 patients (68.3%) were diagnosed with MetS. The MetS 3 subgroup with three components exhibited the highest percentage at 29.2%. The proportion of one-vessel, two-vessel, three-vessel, multi-vessel disease, or left main disease did not differ between the MetS and non-MetS groups (p > 0.05). Our study revealed that the MetS group had a higher median Gensini score compared to the non-MetS group (p = 0.002). Furthermore, the Gensini score was significantly correlated with the MetS score (Spearman correlation 0.2, p < 0.05). Among metabolic syndrome components, elevated waist circumference and elevated blood glucose were associated with the Gensini score.
Conclusions
Our study revealed that MetS, MetS score and two components of MetS, elevated waist circumference and elevated blood glucose, were associated with the severity of angiographic coronary artery in patients with AMI.
{"title":"The impact of metabolic syndrome on coronary artery severity in patients with acute myocardial infarction: A perspective from a developing country","authors":"Hai Phuong Nguyen Tran , Tai Nhat Nguyen , Kha Minh Nguyen , Sang Quang Ly , Sy Van Hoang","doi":"10.1016/j.arteri.2024.08.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arteri.2024.08.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been frequently observed in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, there is limited research assessing the impact of metabolic syndrome on coronary artery severity in patients with acute myocardial infarction.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analyzed 199 patients with AMI who underwent invasive coronary angiography. This study aimed to determine the impact of MetS, MetS score and its components on coronary artery severity.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study comprised 199 eligible patients, with an average age of 64.5<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->11.3 years. Among the entire cohort, 136 patients (68.3%) were diagnosed with MetS. The MetS 3 subgroup with three components exhibited the highest percentage at 29.2%. The proportion of one-vessel, two-vessel, three-vessel, multi-vessel disease, or left main disease did not differ between the MetS and non-MetS groups (<em>p</em> <!-->><!--> <!-->0.05). Our study revealed that the MetS group had a higher median Gensini score compared to the non-MetS group (<em>p</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.002). Furthermore, the Gensini score was significantly correlated with the MetS score (Spearman correlation 0.2, <em>p</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05). Among metabolic syndrome components, elevated waist circumference and elevated blood glucose were associated with the Gensini score.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our study revealed that MetS, MetS score and two components of MetS, elevated waist circumference and elevated blood glucose, were associated with the severity of angiographic coronary artery in patients with AMI.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45230,"journal":{"name":"Clinica e Investigacion en Arteriosclerosis","volume":"37 4","pages":"Article 100737"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142847968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-01DOI: 10.1016/j.arteri.2024.08.007
Juan Pedro-Botet , Román Freixa , Juan José Tamarit , José López-Miranda , Rosa Fernández-Olmo , Ovidio Muñiz-Grijalvo , Rafael Vázquez-García , Carlos Guijarro , Luis Rodríguez-Padial , José Luis Díaz-Díaz , Marisol Bravo-Amaro , José Luís Hernández , José Antonio Alarcón-Duque , José Alfredo Martin-Armas , Martín García-López , Juan Cosín-Sales
Objectives
To gather opinions, recommendations, and proposals for improvement from Spanish clinicians on cardiovascular (CV) health, with particular focus on dyslipidemia management.
Methods
The Expert Insights project involved 8 face-to-face sessions held throughout Spain, attended by 138 CV health experts. Clinicians answered to 25 questions survey related to CV health and dyslipidemia control. Each session included an analysis and a discussion on the perceived realities and areas for improvement.
Results
72% of centers have a standardized process for monitoring patients after a CV episode at discharge, but only 37% during their clinical follow-up. Patient care and management are dependent on the physician, with a lack of coordination between hospital specialties and primary care (PC). 95% of clinicians believe it is necessary to standarize treatment optimization. 65% of centers prescribe combined lipid-lowering treatment after a CV episode. Updating cLDL levels in the Therapeutic Positioning Report and standardizing and globalizing the prescription document would reduce iPCSK9 prescription barriers and lead to more equitable access.
Conclusions
In Spain, there are significant deficiencies in the management of dyslipidemia, with a great need for a consensus on standardizing management processes and optimizing patient treatment. The opinions, recommendations, and improvement proposals from Spanish clinicians on CV health are an important starting point to improve the situation.
{"title":"Estrategias de mejora en la salud cardiovascular y el tratamiento de la dislipidemia en España. Proyecto Expert Insights","authors":"Juan Pedro-Botet , Román Freixa , Juan José Tamarit , José López-Miranda , Rosa Fernández-Olmo , Ovidio Muñiz-Grijalvo , Rafael Vázquez-García , Carlos Guijarro , Luis Rodríguez-Padial , José Luis Díaz-Díaz , Marisol Bravo-Amaro , José Luís Hernández , José Antonio Alarcón-Duque , José Alfredo Martin-Armas , Martín García-López , Juan Cosín-Sales","doi":"10.1016/j.arteri.2024.08.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arteri.2024.08.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To gather opinions, recommendations, and proposals for improvement from Spanish clinicians on cardiovascular (CV) health, with particular focus on dyslipidemia management.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The Expert Insights project involved 8<!--> <!-->face-to-face sessions held throughout Spain, attended by 138 CV health experts. Clinicians answered to 25 questions survey related to CV health and dyslipidemia control. Each session included an analysis and a discussion on the perceived realities and areas for improvement.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>72% of centers have a standardized process for monitoring patients after a CV episode at discharge, but only 37% during their clinical follow-up. Patient care and management are dependent on the physician, with a lack of coordination between hospital specialties and primary care (PC). 95% of clinicians believe it is necessary to standarize treatment optimization. 65% of centers prescribe combined lipid-lowering treatment after a CV episode. Updating cLDL levels in the Therapeutic Positioning Report and standardizing and globalizing the prescription document would reduce iPCSK9 prescription barriers and lead to more equitable access.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In Spain, there are significant deficiencies in the management of dyslipidemia, with a great need for a consensus on standardizing management processes and optimizing patient treatment. The opinions, recommendations, and improvement proposals from Spanish clinicians on CV health are an important starting point to improve the situation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45230,"journal":{"name":"Clinica e Investigacion en Arteriosclerosis","volume":"37 4","pages":"Article 100738"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142298095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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