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Entrepreneur and employee negotiated labour market flexibility in small firms 在小企业中,企业家和雇员协商劳动力市场的灵活性
IF 1.4 Q4 Economics, Econometrics and Finance Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/10301763.2022.2098565
Venkatesh N. Murthy, Jaganth G, Bino Paul
ABSTRACT We investigated negotiated Labour Market Flexibility (LMF) in small hazardous firms in the context of increased immigrant labourers and the non-availability of the local labour force. Extant literature discussed negotiation between the employer and employees, only if the firm satisfies the following conditions: firm-specificity, employee categorisation into core-periphery, and shared ethnic identities between the employees and employer. However, in this study, we broke away from these conditional boundaries, and used the Grounded theory to capture both entrepreneurs’ and employees’ views. Interestingly, we found a socially constructed interdependence between them, stemming from mutual reciprocity. The findings offer significant implications for substantive theory and practice in the realm of LMF in general, and negotiated flexible work arrangements in particular.
摘要:我们调查了在移民劳动力增加和当地劳动力不可用的情况下,小型危险企业的协商劳动力市场灵活性(LMF)。现有文献讨论了雇主和雇员之间的谈判,前提是公司满足以下条件:公司的特殊性、雇员被归类为核心外围,以及雇员和雇主之间的共同种族身份。然而,在这项研究中,我们打破了这些条件边界,并使用扎根理论来捕捉企业家和员工的观点。有趣的是,我们发现他们之间有一种社会建构的相互依存关系,源于相互互惠。研究结果对一般LMF领域的实质性理论和实践,特别是谈判达成的灵活工作安排具有重要意义。
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引用次数: 1
Youth Bulge and Labour Intensive Industrialisation in India (An Analysis of the Formal Industrial Sector) 印度青年膨胀与劳动密集型工业化(基于正规工业部门的分析)
IF 1.4 Q4 Economics, Econometrics and Finance Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/10301763.2022.2140624
Mehak Majeed, Saeed Owais Mushtaq
ABSTRACT The developing part of the world has a common history of colonialisation. Soon after attaining independence from the colonisers, these nations endeavoured upon the process of development via industrialisation. India began its journey to sovereignty and development in 1947. The planned process of development in India has had a mixed economy model. Given the youth bulge accruing to the Indian economy there currently is surplus labour. However some recent studies try to portray Indian industrialisation as capital intensive. As such, the current study is an attempt to re-validate the labour intensive nature of Indian industrialisation. The study advances to explore the nature and role of various types of labour in the industrialisation process of India and its contribution towards the technical efficiency of the secondary sector. Based on the empirical investigation, the study presents various policy suggestions in order to convert the youth bulge of India into productive and efficient human capital and to industrialise the economy in a sustainable manner.
世界上发展中国家都有共同的殖民历史。这些国家从殖民者手中获得独立后不久,就通过工业化努力发展。1947年,印度开始了主权和发展之旅。印度的计划发展过程是一种混合经济模式。考虑到印度经济的年轻人膨胀,目前存在劳动力过剩的问题。然而,最近的一些研究试图将印度的工业化描述为资本密集型。因此,当前的研究试图重新验证印度工业化的劳动密集型性质。本研究进一步探讨了印度工业化过程中各类劳动力的性质和作用,以及其对第二产业技术效率的贡献。在实证调查的基础上,本研究提出了各种政策建议,以将印度的青年膨胀转化为生产性和高效的人力资本,并以可持续的方式实现经济工业化。
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引用次数: 3
Navigating emotional labour with emotional competence: insights from midwifery 用情绪能力驾驭情绪劳动:来自助产学的见解
IF 1.4 Q4 Economics, Econometrics and Finance Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/10301763.2022.2143002
G. Plimmer, E. Franken, M. Franken
ABSTRACT Emotional competence is increasingly seen as essential across a wide range of jobs, and is often demanded of women in highly gendered and poorly rewarded jobs. Scholars have identified that emotion work extends beyond emotional labour to also include the triangle of power, in which emotion strategies are conducted between managers, workers and customers. We explored midwives’ notions of emotional competence, including the strategies used, and the role of the client in determining such strategies – one of the poles in the service triangle: between managers, workers, and customers, where the burden of emotional work is negotiated through alliances and coercion. These aims were explored through qualitative data generated from an online questionnaire with 192 New Zealand midwives. Midwives showed awareness of their own emotional competence, and most saw this as both an aspect of professionalism, and an inherent attribute along with associated skills such as empathy. Emotional competence was relational and situational. While authenticity was highly valued and enacted through strategies such as establishing genuine connections with clients, surface acting was still necessary and took its toll. We advocate that midwives receive more recognition for the positive strategies they enact, and also more planned support from their organisations.
越来越多的人认为,情感能力在许多工作中都是必不可少的,而且在高度性别化和低回报的工作中,往往对女性提出要求。学者们已经确定,情绪工作不仅限于情绪劳动,还包括权力三角,在这个三角中,管理者、员工和客户之间实施情绪策略。我们探讨了助产士关于情感能力的概念,包括所使用的策略,以及客户在确定这些策略中的作用——服务三角中的一个极点:在管理者、工人和客户之间,情感工作的负担是通过联盟和胁迫来协商的。这些目标是通过对192名新西兰助产士的在线问卷调查产生的定性数据来探讨的。助产士表现出对自己情感能力的意识,大多数人认为这既是专业精神的一个方面,也是一种固有的属性,以及同理心等相关技能。情绪能力是关系型和情境型的。虽然真实性被高度重视,并通过与客户建立真正的联系等策略得以实施,但表面的表演仍然是必要的,并付出了代价。我们提倡助产士对他们制定的积极战略得到更多的认可,并且他们的组织也有更多的计划支持。
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引用次数: 0
Inequality, worker mobilisation and lessons from history: Australia 1788-1900 不平等、工人动员和历史教训:澳大利亚1788-1900
IF 1.4 Q4 Economics, Econometrics and Finance Pub Date : 2022-06-14 DOI: 10.1080/10301763.2022.2088648
M. Quinlan, Hamish Maxwell-Stewart
ABSTRACT Neoliberalism has wrought fundamental changes in the world of work, leading to rising inequality, substantial weakening of organised labour and a decline in industrial relations as a field, especially in relation to teaching. Drawing on historical ‘big data’ this paper argues that examining the history of worker mobilisation provides a better understanding of these developments, including the importance of considering diverse forms of organisation and action as well as multi-pronged methods built around a key set of issues. It can also inform efforts to address challenges posed by neoliberalism. We conclude by arguing that an historical perspective can better equip the field of industrial relations to meet challenges extending beyond the world of work.
摘要:新自由主义已经在工作世界中造成了根本性的变化,导致不平等加剧,有组织的劳动力大幅削弱,劳资关系作为一个领域,尤其是与教学有关的劳资关系下降。根据历史“大数据”,本文认为,研究工人动员的历史可以更好地了解这些发展,包括考虑不同形式的组织和行动的重要性,以及围绕一系列关键问题建立的多管齐下的方法。它还可以为应对新自由主义带来的挑战提供信息。最后,我们认为,从历史的角度来看,劳资关系领域可以更好地应对工作之外的挑战。
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引用次数: 1
Employability outcomes of human resource management and employment relations graduates 人力资源管理和就业关系专业毕业生的就业能力结果
IF 1.4 Q4 Economics, Econometrics and Finance Pub Date : 2022-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/10301763.2022.2093736
Susan Ressia, Amie Shaw
ABSTRACT Knowledge, skills, abilities and attitudes (KSAAs) are important attributes required of university graduates to become effective Human Resource (HRM)/Employment Relations (ER) professionals. However, is what is taught and practiced at universities sufficient to equip graduates with the necessary KSAAs to meet employer expectations in industry? Furthermore, do graduates feel confident and job ready entering professional practice post completion of their undergraduate study? These questions raise important considerations around the effectiveness of the broader ‘employability’ agenda, and whether the immediate needs of both employers and graduates are being met. Insights into HRM/ER graduates’ transition into employment were collected from 33 semi-structured interviews conducted with 15 HRM/ER graduates, 14 employers and four industry stakeholders within the field. The paper discusses graduates’ transition from university to employment and whether they felt prepared in meeting employer expectations. Contrasting perspectives emerged as graduates indicated that they were satisfied with their university experience and subsequent transition to employment, while employers were mostly satisfied, they provided recommendations towards improving graduate outcomes. The research initiates new ideas for exploring the employability of university graduates and suggests further research in supporting the transition of future graduates into roles and careers in HRM and ER.
知识、技能、能力和态度是大学毕业生成为有效的人力资源/就业关系专业人员所需的重要特征。然而,大学教授和实践的内容是否足以让毕业生获得必要的KSAA,以满足行业雇主的期望?此外,毕业生在完成本科学习后进入专业实践岗位时是否感到自信和准备好工作?这些问题引发了对更广泛的“就业能力”议程的有效性的重要考虑,以及雇主和毕业生的迫切需求是否得到满足。从对15名人力资源管理/ER毕业生、14名雇主和该领域的四名行业利益相关者进行的33次半结构化访谈中,收集了对人力资源管理和ER毕业生向就业过渡的见解。本文讨论了毕业生从大学到就业的转变,以及他们是否为满足雇主的期望做好了准备。当毕业生表示他们对自己的大学经历和随后的就业过渡感到满意时,出现了不同的观点,而雇主大多感到满意,他们提供了改善毕业生成绩的建议。这项研究为探索大学毕业生的就业能力提出了新的想法,并建议进一步研究如何支持未来毕业生转变为人力资源管理和ER的角色和职业。
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引用次数: 1
International & comparative employment relations: global crises & institutional responses 国际与比较就业关系:全球危机与制度应对
IF 1.4 Q4 Economics, Econometrics and Finance Pub Date : 2022-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/10301763.2022.2034278
C. Leggett
path, they have been in line with changes in many other Anglo-American countries. Unsurprisingly, Russell expresses his concern about the decline in collective bargaining and union density, including the continuous decline in private sector union density under the Fair Work Act 2009, that has challenged traditional industrial relations. Russell mentions several times that labour market fragmentation and growing inequalities have had a corrosive effect on fairness and societal cohesion. The book highlights deep concerns about these trends and interestingly, Russell doesn’t suggest some minor legislative or societal changes. In the book’s final pages (pp. 163–168), there is a call for a new social contract which brings forward ideas that have been part of Russell’s research interests for several decades:
在这条道路上,他们与许多其他英美国家的变化保持一致。不出所料,罗素对集体谈判和工会密度的下降表示担忧,包括2009年《公平工作法》下私营部门工会密度的持续下降,这对传统的劳资关系构成了挑战。拉塞尔多次提到,劳动力市场的碎片化和日益加剧的不平等对公平和社会凝聚力产生了腐蚀性影响。这本书强调了人们对这些趋势的深切关注,有趣的是,罗素并没有建议进行一些微小的立法或社会变革。在这本书的最后几页(第163-168页),有人呼吁建立一种新的社会契约,这种契约提出了罗素几十年来研究兴趣的一部分:
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引用次数: 2
Working on waste: beyond ahistorical chronicles and false dichotomies in circular economy narratives 处理废物:超越非历史编年史和循环经济叙事中的错误二分法
IF 1.4 Q4 Economics, Econometrics and Finance Pub Date : 2022-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/10301763.2022.2073694
A. Rainnie, A. Herod
ABSTRACT In this article we look at waste and working on waste. In particular, we set out a case against analyses that see working on waste as somehow outside of capitalism, an informal system quite separate from, and other to, formal work. To do so, we first outline the nature of contemporary waste production. We then put forward three caveats to the emerging orthodoxy on waste and waste work, doing so through presenting a brief history of waste work in Victorian Britain, through an exploration of how tracing the movement of value (in the Marxian sense of congealed labour) from waste to new commodities (and, often, back again) problematises views that see waste work as detached from capitalist labour processes, and through a questioning of what waste work means for the oft-made ‘formal/informal’ division of work. Specifically, we argue that working on waste is complex and even at its most basic it remains part of a continuum of working practices, regulations, and relations, rather than being hermetically sealed off from ‘formal’ employment.
摘要在这篇文章中,我们来看看废物和处理废物。特别是,我们提出了一个反对分析的案例,这些分析认为处理废物在某种程度上是资本主义之外的,这是一个与正式工作完全分离的非正式系统。为此,我们首先概述了当代废物生产的性质。然后,我们通过介绍维多利亚时代英国废物处理的简史,对新兴的废物和废物处理正统观念提出了三点警告,通过探索从废物到新商品的价值运动(在马克思主义意义上的凝结劳动)如何使将废物工作视为脱离资本主义劳动过程的观点产生问题,并通过质疑废物工作对经常形成的“正式/非正式”分工意味着什么。具体而言,我们认为,处理废物是复杂的,即使在最基本的情况下,它仍然是工作实践、法规和关系的一部分,而不是与“正式”就业紧密隔离。
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引用次数: 0
Gender and ethnic equity in Aotearoa New Zealand’s public service: where is the progress amid the pandemic? 新西兰公共服务中的性别和族裔平等:大流行期间的进展在哪里?
IF 1.4 Q4 Economics, Econometrics and Finance Pub Date : 2022-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/10301763.2022.2091198
J. Parker, A. Young-Hauser, P. Loga, S. Paea
ABSTRACT While Aotearoa New Zealand’s (NZ’s) government has sought to encourage diversity in public service agencies via recent regulatory and policy drives, workplace developments have been disrupted by Covid-19. This study draws on a typology of equality approaches to appraise the ‘ambition’ of equity progress in NZ public service agencies in the pandemic context, based on a thematic content analysis of semi-structured interviews with sector experts, agency staff and managers. Various equity indices indicate that work-related inequities remain more pronounced for Māori and Pasifika women. Furthermore, public service agencies have generally emphasised ‘shorter’ equality goals in practice, but organisational responses to the pandemic have had nuanced effects on these and more ambitious equity pursuits. However, many sector stakeholders perceive that ‘longer’, diversity-cognisant equity thinking and measures, supported via multi-lateral efforts, are needed to encourage substantive equity progress for all. Implications of the study’s findings are considered in terms of how conventional equity conceptualisations need to be extended and put into practice to reflect processual, cultural, and intersectional dynamics. They will resonate in other countries facing increasing workforce and population diversification.
虽然新西兰政府试图通过最近的监管和政策举措鼓励公共服务机构的多样性,但新冠肺炎疫情已经扰乱了工作场所的发展。本研究基于对部门专家、机构工作人员和管理人员进行的半结构化访谈的主题内容分析,利用平等方法的类型学来评估大流行病背景下新西兰公共服务机构公平进展的“雄心”。各种公平指数表明,在Māori和帕西菲卡妇女中,与工作有关的不平等现象仍然更为明显。此外,公共服务机构在实践中普遍强调“短期”的平等目标,但组织对大流行的反应对这些目标和更雄心勃勃的平等追求产生了微妙的影响。然而,许多行业利益相关者认为,需要通过多边努力支持的“更长”、认识多样性的公平思维和措施,以鼓励所有人的实质性公平进展。研究结果的含义是根据传统的公平概念需要如何扩展和付诸实践来考虑的,以反映过程、文化和交叉动态。它们将在其他面临劳动力和人口日益多样化的国家产生共鸣。
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引用次数: 0
Blurring boundaries: work-life balance and unbounded work in academia. The role of flexibility, organisational support and gender 模糊界限:工作与生活的平衡与学术界的无界工作。灵活性、组织支持和性别的作用
IF 1.4 Q4 Economics, Econometrics and Finance Pub Date : 2022-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/10301763.2022.2081902
K. Johnston, Jagriti Tanwar, Susana Pasamar, Darren Van Laar, Annali Bamber Jones
ABSTRACT The paper explores whether work-life balance (WLB) is affected by the unbounded work context and how organisational support, work flexibility and gender affect this relationship. It is a quantitative study, involving a survey of academics based in three UK institutions, using OLS regressions. There is a significant negative relationship between the perception of the unbounded nature of work and WLB among academics, irrespective of their gender. While flexible work and organisational support are positively associated with WLB, they have limited effect in an unbounded work context. This study makes original contributions for practitioners and academics. First, it provides empirical evidence of the relationship between the unboundedness of work and WLB, and finds no significant gender differences in WLB within an unbounded work context. Second, it helps to understand how flexible work and an organisational support culture are insufficient to eliminate the negative effect of unbounded work. Although the research involves a relatively small sample of UK academics provides insights into WLB in an unbounded work context. As became evident during the coronavirus pandemic, the boundaries between work and non-work domains in contemporary work settings are more and more blurred. Work will therefore become increasingly unbounded, potentially undermining WLB and causing tension between growing work demands and the necessities of family and personal lives.
摘要本文探讨了工作与生活的平衡是否受到无限工作环境的影响,以及组织支持、工作灵活性和性别如何影响这种关系。这是一项定量研究,涉及对英国三所机构的学者进行的调查,使用OLS回归。在学者中,无论性别如何,对工作无限性质的看法与WLB之间都存在显著的负面关系。虽然灵活的工作和组织支持与WLB呈正相关,但在无限制的工作环境中,它们的作用有限。这项研究为从业者和学术界做出了原创性贡献。首先,它为工作的无边界性和WLB之间的关系提供了经验证据,并发现在无边界的工作环境中,WLB没有显著的性别差异。其次,它有助于理解灵活的工作和组织支持文化不足以消除无限制工作的负面影响。尽管这项研究涉及的英国学者样本相对较少,但它在无限制的工作环境中提供了对WLB的见解。正如在冠状病毒大流行期间显而易见的那样,当代工作环境中工作和非工作领域之间的界限越来越模糊。因此,工作将变得越来越无限制,可能会破坏WLB,并导致日益增长的工作需求与家庭和个人生活必需品之间的紧张关系。
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引用次数: 3
Addressing problems for labour not problems of labour: the need for a paradigm shift in work and industrial relations policy 解决劳工问题而非劳工问题:工作和劳资关系政策范式转变的必要性
IF 1.4 Q4 Economics, Econometrics and Finance Pub Date : 2022-03-09 DOI: 10.1080/10301763.2022.2051230
C. Wright
ABSTRACT This article argues that the policy framework governing work and industrial relations in Australia and other liberal market economies is stuck in an outdated paradigm fixated on solving problems of labour that have diminished or no longer exist, such as excessive union power and overt forms of industrial conflict. This policy framework is poorly equipped for addressing increasingly urgent problems for labour, such as growing inequality and workforce insecurity. Drawing upon neo-pluralist ideas and the findings emerging from industrial relations research, the article presents recommendations for what a new industrial relations policy framework would look like. It advocates for the adoption of a neo-pluralist policy paradigm focused on the creation of quality employment, worker wellbeing, redistribution in bargaining and wage determination, fairer labour immigration policies, stronger protections against gender-based inequalities, and increased job security.
摘要本文认为,澳大利亚和其他自由市场经济体的工作和劳资关系政策框架陷入了一种过时的模式,专注于解决已经减少或不再存在的劳工问题,如过度的工会权力和公开的劳资冲突。这一政策框架不足以解决日益紧迫的劳工问题,如日益严重的不平等和劳动力不安全问题。本文借鉴了新多元主义思想和劳资关系研究的结果,提出了新的劳资关系政策框架的建议。它主张采用新多元主义的政策模式,重点是创造高质量的就业、工人福利、谈判和工资决定的再分配、更公平的劳工移民政策、更有力的保护措施,防止基于性别的不平等,以及增加工作保障。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
Labour & Industry-A Journal of the Social and Economic Relations of Work
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