Social trust and social networks are a common and more valuable phenomenon for the development activities of the rural community in the context of Nepal. However, the development activities of the community are not well perceived from the lens of social trust and social network as it is essential to sustain the development activities. Considering the landscape of social trust and social networks, this study focuses on the situation and effect of social trust and social networks on the development activities at the Rupa Rural Municipality in Kaski. The purpose of this study was to explain the situation of social trust and social networks and also explore interconnection with community-level development interventions. Employing a phenomenological qualitative research design, the primary informations were collected through indepth interviews and recorded informations were transcribed, coded, decoded, analyzed and interpreted. The major thematic aspects such as social trust and social networks of community development have linked with relevant theories. The finding indicate that the development activities of community with their desire and having social trust are found successful. The social networks have played further connective role by interlinking development aspects at community level for sustaining the intervetions of community development. Though the study is limited to Rupa Rural Municipality, it has established the importance of social trust and social networks for community development.
{"title":"Community Development from the Lens of Social Capital: A Sociological Study of Rupa Rural Municipality of Kaski, Nepal","authors":"S. R. Subedi","doi":"10.12691/AJRD-9-1-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/AJRD-9-1-1","url":null,"abstract":"Social trust and social networks are a common and more valuable phenomenon for the development activities of the rural community in the context of Nepal. However, the development activities of the community are not well perceived from the lens of social trust and social network as it is essential to sustain the development activities. Considering the landscape of social trust and social networks, this study focuses on the situation and effect of social trust and social networks on the development activities at the Rupa Rural Municipality in Kaski. The purpose of this study was to explain the situation of social trust and social networks and also explore interconnection with community-level development interventions. Employing a phenomenological qualitative research design, the primary informations were collected through indepth interviews and recorded informations were transcribed, coded, decoded, analyzed and interpreted. The major thematic aspects such as social trust and social networks of community development have linked with relevant theories. The finding indicate that the development activities of community with their desire and having social trust are found successful. The social networks have played further connective role by interlinking development aspects at community level for sustaining the intervetions of community development. Though the study is limited to Rupa Rural Municipality, it has established the importance of social trust and social networks for community development.","PeriodicalId":45379,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rural and Community Development","volume":"2 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90884114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mira Andriani, Reikha Rahmasari, Shokhirul Imam, N. Ningsih, Aryanti Candra Dewi
One of the livestock groups engaged in raising male laying hens is the "Nawawi Farm" Farmer Group, which is located in Nogosari Village, Jember Regency. This group is chaired by Mr. Ainul and consists of approximately 100 breeders. Based on discussions with members of the livestock group, breeders have several problems. Farmers experience a lack of standard information on feed nutrient requirements, feed amount and feed conversion. The unknown standard of feed nutrient in male layer hens causes breeders to find it difficult to achieve the target harvest. Therefore, it is necessary to provide counseling on the production standards of male layer hens in the "Nawawi Farm" livestock group. The method of implementing the activity is in the form of a Focus Group Discussion (FGD) with stages, namely the analysis of community needs, counseling on the production standards of male laying hens, and guiding the maintenance of male laying hens. The output of this dedication is that all breeders of the "Nawawi Farm" livestock group can understand the production standards of male laying hens. Rations with protein, namely 18% crude protein, had no effect on feed consumption, FCR, mortality, production index. Rations with 18% crude protein can replace rations with 21% crude protein for feeding male layer hens. This service activity was welcomed by all breeders from the "Nawawi Farm" livestock group so that the service that has been carried out is well organized. Suggestions from this activity are expected that this service will be held at the next meeting in the form of competency training for making rations with the use of local materials in meeting the nutrient feed standards in raising male layer chickens in the "Nawawi Farm" livestock group of Jember Regency, in order to increase the production standards of male layer chickens so that they get greater profit.
位于Jember Regency Nogosari村的“Nawawi农场”农民团体是饲养雄性蛋鸡的牲畜团体之一。该小组由Ainul先生担任主席，由大约100名饲养员组成。根据与家畜小组成员的讨论，育种者有几个问题。农民缺乏关于饲料营养需求、饲料量和饲料转化率的标准信息。公蛋鸡的饲料营养标准不明，导致养殖户难以达到目标收获。因此，有必要对“纳瓦威农场”畜牧集团公蛋鸡的生产标准进行咨询。活动的实施方式为焦点小组讨论(Focus Group Discussion, FGD)，分阶段进行，即社区需求分析、公蛋鸡生产标准咨询、公蛋鸡养护指导。这一奉献的成果是让“纳瓦威农场”畜牧集团的所有饲养员都能了解雄性蛋鸡的生产标准。饲粮中添加18%粗蛋白质对采食量、饲料比、死亡率和生产指标无显著影响。饲粮中添加18%粗蛋白质可替代饲粮中添加21%粗蛋白质。此次服务活动受到了“纳瓦威农场”畜牧集团所有饲养员的欢迎，开展的服务工作组织有序。通过本次活动的建议，希望在下次会议上，该服务将以“纳瓦威农场”畜产集团在饲养蛋鸡时使用当地原料制作符合营养饲料标准的口粮的能力培训的形式进行，以提高蛋鸡的生产水平，使蛋鸡获得更大的利润。
{"title":"Penyuluhan Standar Produksi Ayam Petelur Jantan pada Kelompok Ternak Nawawi Farm","authors":"Mira Andriani, Reikha Rahmasari, Shokhirul Imam, N. Ningsih, Aryanti Candra Dewi","doi":"10.47134/comdev.v1i1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47134/comdev.v1i1.6","url":null,"abstract":"One of the livestock groups engaged in raising male laying hens is the \"Nawawi Farm\" Farmer Group, which is located in Nogosari Village, Jember Regency. This group is chaired by Mr. Ainul and consists of approximately 100 breeders. Based on discussions with members of the livestock group, breeders have several problems. Farmers experience a lack of standard information on feed nutrient requirements, feed amount and feed conversion. The unknown standard of feed nutrient in male layer hens causes breeders to find it difficult to achieve the target harvest. Therefore, it is necessary to provide counseling on the production standards of male layer hens in the \"Nawawi Farm\" livestock group. The method of implementing the activity is in the form of a Focus Group Discussion (FGD) with stages, namely the analysis of community needs, counseling on the production standards of male laying hens, and guiding the maintenance of male laying hens. The output of this dedication is that all breeders of the \"Nawawi Farm\" livestock group can understand the production standards of male laying hens. Rations with protein, namely 18% crude protein, had no effect on feed consumption, FCR, mortality, production index. Rations with 18% crude protein can replace rations with 21% crude protein for feeding male layer hens. This service activity was welcomed by all breeders from the \"Nawawi Farm\" livestock group so that the service that has been carried out is well organized. Suggestions from this activity are expected that this service will be held at the next meeting in the form of competency training for making rations with the use of local materials in meeting the nutrient feed standards in raising male layer chickens in the \"Nawawi Farm\" livestock group of Jember Regency, in order to increase the production standards of male layer chickens so that they get greater profit.","PeriodicalId":45379,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rural and Community Development","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78456402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. G. A. D. Saryanti, Erlin Mandasari, I. G. A. P. I. Sidhiantari
Heavenine is one of the UKM which is engaged in the craft of making Balinese souvenirs. The products produced at this UKM are various kinds of Balinese souvenirs such as clothes, glass bags, umbrellas that have a characteristic Balinese image. Promotion is the one way to introduce products owned by a company or UKM. At this time, the promotion method carried out at UKM Heavenine is still fairly simple, promotions are carried out only around the region or by participating in exhibitions in one place so that there is a lack of breadth of the promotion network they have make the income is unstable. For this reason, the indicators of achievement in community service will be carried out by developing and utilizing packaging design as a promotional medium with the purpose of further expanding the trade network and increasing income for Heavenine UKM
{"title":"Pengembangan dan Pemanfaatan Desain Kemasan sebagai Media Promosi pada UKM Heavenine","authors":"I. G. A. D. Saryanti, Erlin Mandasari, I. G. A. P. I. Sidhiantari","doi":"10.47134/comdev.v1i1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47134/comdev.v1i1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Heavenine is one of the UKM which is engaged in the craft of making Balinese souvenirs. The products produced at this UKM are various kinds of Balinese souvenirs such as clothes, glass bags, umbrellas that have a characteristic Balinese image. Promotion is the one way to introduce products owned by a company or UKM. At this time, the promotion method carried out at UKM Heavenine is still fairly simple, promotions are carried out only around the region or by participating in exhibitions in one place so that there is a lack of breadth of the promotion network they have make the income is unstable. For this reason, the indicators of achievement in community service will be carried out by developing and utilizing packaging design as a promotional medium with the purpose of further expanding the trade network and increasing income for Heavenine UKM","PeriodicalId":45379,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rural and Community Development","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87282263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-30DOI: 10.25175/JRD/2020/V39/I3/141476
Sanjeev Kumar
{"title":"Capital Structure, Asset Structure and Profitability of Rural Women Micro Enterprises in Kerala","authors":"Sanjeev Kumar","doi":"10.25175/JRD/2020/V39/I3/141476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25175/JRD/2020/V39/I3/141476","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45379,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rural and Community Development","volume":"227 1","pages":"310"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80067317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. D. Koubodana, J. Adounkpe, Moustapha Tall, E. Amoussou, K. Atchonouglo, Muhammad Mumtaz
Climate change impacts considerably on water balance components and needs to be evaluated through trend analysis or climate models scenarios extremes. The objective of this paper is to perform non-parametric Mann Kendall (MK) trend analysis on historical hydro-climatic data (1961-2016), to validate an ensemble climate model and to compute temperature and rainfall extremes indices. The climate indices are evaluated using MK test and annual trend analysis for two future scenarios (2020- 2045) over Mono River Basin (MRB) in Togo. Results show positive and negative trends of hydro-climatic data over MRB from 1961 to 2016. The average temperature increases significantly in most of the stations while a negative non-significant trend of rainfall is noticed. Meanwhile, the discharge presents a significant seasonal and annual trend Corrokope, Nangbeto and Athieme gauge stations. Validation of the ensemble climate models reveals that the model under-estimates observations at Sokode, Atkakpame and Tabligbo stations, however linear regression and spatial correlation coefficients are higher than 0.6. Moreover, the percentage of bias between climate model and observations are less than 15% at most of the stations. Finally, the computation of extreme climate indices under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios shows a significant annual trend of some extreme climate indices of rainfall and temperature at selected stations between 2020 and 2045 in the MRB. Therefore, relevant governmental politics are needed to elaborate strategies and measures to cope with projected climate changes impacts in the country.
{"title":"Trend Analysis of Hydro-climatic Historical Data and Future Scenarios of Climate Extreme Indices over Mono River Basin in West Africa","authors":"H. D. Koubodana, J. Adounkpe, Moustapha Tall, E. Amoussou, K. Atchonouglo, Muhammad Mumtaz","doi":"10.12691/AJRD-8-1-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/AJRD-8-1-5","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change impacts considerably on water balance components and needs to be evaluated through trend analysis or climate models scenarios extremes. The objective of this paper is to perform non-parametric Mann Kendall (MK) trend analysis on historical hydro-climatic data (1961-2016), to validate an ensemble climate model and to compute temperature and rainfall extremes indices. The climate indices are evaluated using MK test and annual trend analysis for two future scenarios (2020- 2045) over Mono River Basin (MRB) in Togo. Results show positive and negative trends of hydro-climatic data over MRB from 1961 to 2016. The average temperature increases significantly in most of the stations while a negative non-significant trend of rainfall is noticed. Meanwhile, the discharge presents a significant seasonal and annual trend Corrokope, Nangbeto and Athieme gauge stations. Validation of the ensemble climate models reveals that the model under-estimates observations at Sokode, Atkakpame and Tabligbo stations, however linear regression and spatial correlation coefficients are higher than 0.6. Moreover, the percentage of bias between climate model and observations are less than 15% at most of the stations. Finally, the computation of extreme climate indices under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios shows a significant annual trend of some extreme climate indices of rainfall and temperature at selected stations between 2020 and 2045 in the MRB. Therefore, relevant governmental politics are needed to elaborate strategies and measures to cope with projected climate changes impacts in the country.","PeriodicalId":45379,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rural and Community Development","volume":"37 1","pages":"37-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78354758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This research was conducted in Swabi district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa with the aims to study the knowledge of farmers and to evaluate the perceptions of the farmers about Climate Change (CC). To accomplish these objectives primary data was collected from 98 randomly selected farmers by structure questionnaire through face to face interview method and was analysed by using descriptive statistics. Findings revealed that majority (93%) of farmers were aware of CC phenomena and perceived changes in temperature (89%) and precipitation (86%) during the last decade. Crop diversification, soil and water management practices and application of necessary farm inputs were the farmer’s preferred adaptive strategies to CC. Barriers to adaptive strategies were the ineffective government support, lack of capital, information and extension services, traditional beliefs and high cost of farm inputs. The study concludes that climate is changing and the farmers are practicing different adaptive strategies to overcome this problem, but still there is a space for more scientifically verified strategies which can boost the farmer’s productivity and increased the overall wellbeing for the future sustainability of farming.
{"title":"Climate Change and Farmer’s Perception for the Sustainability of Farming in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa-Pakistan","authors":"M. Israr, M. Faraz, N. Ahmad","doi":"10.12691/AJRD-8-1-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/AJRD-8-1-4","url":null,"abstract":"This research was conducted in Swabi district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa with the aims to study the knowledge of farmers and to evaluate the perceptions of the farmers about Climate Change (CC). To accomplish these objectives primary data was collected from 98 randomly selected farmers by structure questionnaire through face to face interview method and was analysed by using descriptive statistics. Findings revealed that majority (93%) of farmers were aware of CC phenomena and perceived changes in temperature (89%) and precipitation (86%) during the last decade. Crop diversification, soil and water management practices and application of necessary farm inputs were the farmer’s preferred adaptive strategies to CC. Barriers to adaptive strategies were the ineffective government support, lack of capital, information and extension services, traditional beliefs and high cost of farm inputs. The study concludes that climate is changing and the farmers are practicing different adaptive strategies to overcome this problem, but still there is a space for more scientifically verified strategies which can boost the farmer’s productivity and increased the overall wellbeing for the future sustainability of farming.","PeriodicalId":45379,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rural and Community Development","volume":"55 1","pages":"28-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81406670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. P. Dam, S. Iorliam, Felix Kwaghsende, Peter Anule, I. Mngutyo, J. Atser, Emmily Adaaku, D. Alaci, F. Ujoh, T. T. Gyuse
Urbanisation is widely recognised as one of the major trends of this century that offers great opportunities as well as significant challenges for poverty reduction in both urban and rural areas. In much of sub-Saharan Africa, the development of small and medium-sized towns remains largely linked to the nature of agricultural production systems. They nevertheless perform a number of essential functions from market nodes to providers of services, goods and non-farm employment to their inhabitants and that of the wider surrounding region. This research investigates the emerging urban system of the Benue Basin region of Nigeria. The data were collected on 80 urban functions across 140 settlements in the basin using a checklist, and analysed using principal component analysis and cluster analysis. The result of the Principal component analysis extracted 10 major functions out of the 80 variables that together explained 67.6% of the total variance. These functions are named workshop services; security and banking services; industrial services; education and commercial services; administrative functions; judiciary and retail services; health/social services; agro processing services; primary health services, and tertiary/secondary health services. The factor scores of the 10 major functions were examined to showcase the performances of each of the 140 settlements in terms of the functions they perform. On the basis of identified major urban functions, the cluster analysis grouped the 140 settlements in a five-order hierarchical structure. Gboko town emerged as the dominant settlement in the system with the highest number of urban functions, and is regarded as the 1st order settlement in the hierarchy. The study recommends provision of basic infrastructure in the emerging urban settlements of the Benue basin particularly settlements in the 3rd, 4th and 5th order in the hierarchy to reposition them for rapid socio-econmic growth of the region.
{"title":"Emerging Urban Systems in the Benue Basin of Nigeria","authors":"D. P. Dam, S. Iorliam, Felix Kwaghsende, Peter Anule, I. Mngutyo, J. Atser, Emmily Adaaku, D. Alaci, F. Ujoh, T. T. Gyuse","doi":"10.12691/AJRD-8-1-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/AJRD-8-1-3","url":null,"abstract":"Urbanisation is widely recognised as one of the major trends of this century that offers great opportunities as well as significant challenges for poverty reduction in both urban and rural areas. In much of sub-Saharan Africa, the development of small and medium-sized towns remains largely linked to the nature of agricultural production systems. They nevertheless perform a number of essential functions from market nodes to providers of services, goods and non-farm employment to their inhabitants and that of the wider surrounding region. This research investigates the emerging urban system of the Benue Basin region of Nigeria. The data were collected on 80 urban functions across 140 settlements in the basin using a checklist, and analysed using principal component analysis and cluster analysis. The result of the Principal component analysis extracted 10 major functions out of the 80 variables that together explained 67.6% of the total variance. These functions are named workshop services; security and banking services; industrial services; education and commercial services; administrative functions; judiciary and retail services; health/social services; agro processing services; primary health services, and tertiary/secondary health services. The factor scores of the 10 major functions were examined to showcase the performances of each of the 140 settlements in terms of the functions they perform. On the basis of identified major urban functions, the cluster analysis grouped the 140 settlements in a five-order hierarchical structure. Gboko town emerged as the dominant settlement in the system with the highest number of urban functions, and is regarded as the 1st order settlement in the hierarchy. The study recommends provision of basic infrastructure in the emerging urban settlements of the Benue basin particularly settlements in the 3rd, 4th and 5th order in the hierarchy to reposition them for rapid socio-econmic growth of the region.","PeriodicalId":45379,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rural and Community Development","volume":"11 1","pages":"17-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78220765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. F. Omolara, Ikuerowo J. Olubukun, Ogunsakin O. Yetunde
Fishery sector in Nigeria plays an important role in terms of national food security, employment, enterprise development and foreign exchange earnings. Increasing efforts to raise the productivity of fishery can be an important measure to put the country on the threshold of food security. This study examined profitability of artisanal fishing in coastal communities of Ondo State. Purposive and random sampling techniques were used in selecting one hundred and twenty (120) respondents for the study. Descriptive statistics, gross margin and multiple regression were the analytic tools used for the study. The results revealed the mean age of fishermen to be 30 years with an average fishing experience of 12 years. The study also shows low level of education among the fishermen. The results show that the enterprise is profitable with total revenue of ₦ 1,356,852.58 and a profit of ₦663,076.41.The results also show that age of the farmer, fishing experience, distance onshore, cooperative membership, credit access and amount of catch were the socio-economic variables that affect income. The study recommended that the strict conditions on collaterals for accessing credit by fishermen should be relaxed to enable more fishermen access loans for increased fish production. Fishing gear and crafts should be subsidized to encourage artisanal fishing.
{"title":"Profitability Analysis of Artisanal Fishing in Ilaje Coastal Communities of Ondo State","authors":"A. F. Omolara, Ikuerowo J. Olubukun, Ogunsakin O. Yetunde","doi":"10.12691/AJRD-8-1-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/AJRD-8-1-2","url":null,"abstract":"Fishery sector in Nigeria plays an important role in terms of national food security, employment, enterprise development and foreign exchange earnings. Increasing efforts to raise the productivity of fishery can be an important measure to put the country on the threshold of food security. This study examined profitability of artisanal fishing in coastal communities of Ondo State. Purposive and random sampling techniques were used in selecting one hundred and twenty (120) respondents for the study. Descriptive statistics, gross margin and multiple regression were the analytic tools used for the study. The results revealed the mean age of fishermen to be 30 years with an average fishing experience of 12 years. The study also shows low level of education among the fishermen. The results show that the enterprise is profitable with total revenue of ₦ 1,356,852.58 and a profit of ₦663,076.41.The results also show that age of the farmer, fishing experience, distance onshore, cooperative membership, credit access and amount of catch were the socio-economic variables that affect income. The study recommended that the strict conditions on collaterals for accessing credit by fishermen should be relaxed to enable more fishermen access loans for increased fish production. Fishing gear and crafts should be subsidized to encourage artisanal fishing.","PeriodicalId":45379,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rural and Community Development","volume":"161 1","pages":"12-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85878841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Touré, Moussa Diakhaté, A. Gaye, M. Diop, O. Ndiaye
Senegal is a sub-Saharan country marked by rainfed agriculture, which is under the recurrent threat of climatic upheaval, mostly due to irregular rainfall and temperature. This study shows evidence of the influence of daily rainfall metrics on crop (groundnut and millet) yields. Statistical analysis has been carried out using observational datasets and over the period 1961-2018. The results show an increase in temperatures in our zone, which is in line with the decrease in groundnut yields. Also, significant correlations of 0.81 and 0.69 between the total rainfall indices and groundnut and millet have been found respectively. Rainfall intensity, length, and distribution would contribute up to 66% and 49% to the variability in groundnut and millet yields respectively. A decrease in crop yields is considerable during dry periods (18% for groundnut and 10% for millet) due to the occurrence of long dry spells and low rainfall distribution. The groundnut yield appears most affected by these indicators, while millet is more resistant in dry conditions. To face the major future challenges, it is essential to ensure that changes in these metrics are effectively taken into account in agro-climatic model simulations.
{"title":"Sensivity of Crop Yields to Temperature and Rainfall Daily Metrics in Senegal","authors":"A. Touré, Moussa Diakhaté, A. Gaye, M. Diop, O. Ndiaye","doi":"10.12691/AJRD-8-1-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/AJRD-8-1-1","url":null,"abstract":"Senegal is a sub-Saharan country marked by rainfed agriculture, which is under the recurrent threat of climatic upheaval, mostly due to irregular rainfall and temperature. This study shows evidence of the influence of daily rainfall metrics on crop (groundnut and millet) yields. Statistical analysis has been carried out using observational datasets and over the period 1961-2018. The results show an increase in temperatures in our zone, which is in line with the decrease in groundnut yields. Also, significant correlations of 0.81 and 0.69 between the total rainfall indices and groundnut and millet have been found respectively. Rainfall intensity, length, and distribution would contribute up to 66% and 49% to the variability in groundnut and millet yields respectively. A decrease in crop yields is considerable during dry periods (18% for groundnut and 10% for millet) due to the occurrence of long dry spells and low rainfall distribution. The groundnut yield appears most affected by these indicators, while millet is more resistant in dry conditions. To face the major future challenges, it is essential to ensure that changes in these metrics are effectively taken into account in agro-climatic model simulations.","PeriodicalId":45379,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rural and Community Development","volume":"19 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84503723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.36464/JRD.2020.43.2.001
Seung-In Lee, Son, Chan-Su, Lee, Hye-Rim
This study examined the effects of meteorological and farm input cost factors on the onion yields in Korea by employing a panel regression analysis. Also, it investigated the variables’ interdependencies and their relations to the onion yields by using a Bayesian network model. We collected the panel data from 1991 to 2019 for our analysis. More specifically, we used the panel data of the regional meteorological factors by month (cumulative precipitation, cumulative sunshine duration, average relative humidity, average temperature), farm input cost factors of the onion (the cost of fertilizer and the cost of agricultural medicines), and the onion yield of three regions in Korea. We used STATA 14.0 and Hugin Expert for descriptive analysis, panel regression analysis, and the Bayesian network model. Our analysis can be summarized in two significant ways. First, we chose the fixed-effect model based on the Hausman test. The results based on the fixed-effect model confirmed that the average relative humidity (October, -), the cumulative precipitation (January, -; March, +; May, +), the cumulative sunshine duration (April, +), the average temperature (June, -), the cost of fertilizer(+) and the cost of agricultural medicines(+) were the significant variables of * 본 논문의 아이디어 구상에 도움을 주신 농촌진흥청 농업빅데이터일자리팀 조용빈 팀장님, 농촌진흥청과 네덜란드 바헤닝언대학 연구센터(WUR) 간 협력사업으로 추진된 ‘Bayesian Network Modelling & Big Data’ 훈련 프로그램에서 베이지안네트워크 분석 방법을 지도해 주신 Hans Marvin 박사님과 Yamine Bouzembrak 박사님, 그리고 본 논문을 심사해 주시고 유익한 조언을 해 주신 익명의 심사위원님들에게 깊은 감사를 드립니다. 더불어 논문 내용 중 있을 수 있는 오류는 저자들의 책임이며, 본 연구 결과는 저자들의 소속기관 공식 의견이 아닌 개인 의견임을 밝힙니다. ** 농촌진흥청 농업빅데이터일자리팀 박사후연구원. 교신저자. e-mail: silee79@korea.kr *** 농촌진흥청 농업빅데이터일자리팀 농업연구관. **** 농촌진흥청 농업빅데이터일자리팀 농업연구사.
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