Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.1177/09720634231175577
S. Singh, A. Siddhanta
This article aims to analyse the role of dual challenges in the HIV epidemic in India, especially in the context of the criticality of the emerging epidemic, in altering the HIV discordance among couples. Analysis of the evidence from two rounds of community-based HIV testing (NFHS-3&4) portrays that coverage of HIV testing in India has remarkably increased (91%) over the last decade. Although the overall prevalence of HIV in the country has declined, a noticeable decline can be found only among the males. The percentage of HIV concordant among couples in India remains unchanged (0.11%). Whereas, HIV prevalence among the couples where only the male partner is HIV positive has declined to 0.17% in NFHS-4 from 0.32% in NFHS-3. On the other hand, among couples where only the woman is HIV positive, the prevalence has increased. This shows that Indian women are in a disadvantageous position, and the gender difference in new infections is narrowing down. Thus, it can be said that the emerging HIV epidemic is altering the HIV discordance among couples in India, which poses the need to effectively and rapidly refine the HIV prevention strategies to target the sub-typologies and vulnerabilities.
{"title":"Whether HIV Discordance Among Couples Is Getting Altered Due to the Changing Discourseof the HIV Epidemic in India? Evidence fromTwo Rounds of National Family Health Survey","authors":"S. Singh, A. Siddhanta","doi":"10.1177/09720634231175577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09720634231175577","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to analyse the role of dual challenges in the HIV epidemic in India, especially in the context of the criticality of the emerging epidemic, in altering the HIV discordance among couples. Analysis of the evidence from two rounds of community-based HIV testing (NFHS-3&4) portrays that coverage of HIV testing in India has remarkably increased (91%) over the last decade. Although the overall prevalence of HIV in the country has declined, a noticeable decline can be found only among the males. The percentage of HIV concordant among couples in India remains unchanged (0.11%). Whereas, HIV prevalence among the couples where only the male partner is HIV positive has declined to 0.17% in NFHS-4 from 0.32% in NFHS-3. On the other hand, among couples where only the woman is HIV positive, the prevalence has increased. This shows that Indian women are in a disadvantageous position, and the gender difference in new infections is narrowing down. Thus, it can be said that the emerging HIV epidemic is altering the HIV discordance among couples in India, which poses the need to effectively and rapidly refine the HIV prevention strategies to target the sub-typologies and vulnerabilities.","PeriodicalId":45421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42232212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.1177/09720634231175957
S. Rathi, P. Sodani, Prashant Sharma
Abundant literature is available on an extremely high temperature associated with mortality for cities of the developed world, but there is a dearth in the literature for coastal, desert and dry cities of the developing world, especially for India. We examined all-cause mortality and extreme high temperature in three Indian cities representing coastal, desert and dry areas for summer months (March to June) from 2006 to 2015. We obtained the data on temperature and all-cause mortality for ten years for the summer months. The city-specific effect of ambient heat on all-cause mortality was assessed through time series ordinary least square linear regression model. A total of 75,571, 122,117 and 53,042 deaths for 1,203, 1,220 and 1,180 summer days from 2006 to 2015 were analysed with ambient temperature for Jaipur, Hyderabad and Surat, respectively. There were 994 (27.6%) out of 3,603 summer days having temperature ≥40°C and 2,495 (69.3%) out of 3,602 summer days having feel temperature/heat index (HI) of ≥41°C. According to the Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) criteria for the heatwave, Surat has the maximum number of 75 days with a maximum temperature of ≥40°C, whereas Hyderabad has only 4 days and Jaipur faced 35 days with a maximum temperature of ≥45°C during the study period. The per-day mean all-cause mortality increased to 39% and 11% for Jaipur and Hyderabad, respectively, at ≥45°C and 20% for the coastal city of Surat at ≥40°C as per IMD heatwave criteria. A time-series linear regression model shows that adjusted R-squared is 0.593, 0.629 and 0.348, which explained the variation of 59.3%, 62.9% and 34.8% for all-cause mortality (dependent variable) by independent variables (maximum temperature, humidity and HI) for Jaipur, Hyderabad and Surat, respectively. The maximum temperature threshold (cut-off) for all-cause mortality for Jaipur, Hyderabad and Surat is 42°C, 41°C and 40°C, respectively. The impact of ambient heat in the rise of all-cause mortality for all study sites was evident. Hence, findings support the efforts for reducing the public health burden of high ambient temperature through developing and implementing city-specific heat action plans.
{"title":"Spatial Variability of Summer Temperature and Related All-cause Mortality from 2006 to 2015 for Indian Cities: A Time Series Analysis","authors":"S. Rathi, P. Sodani, Prashant Sharma","doi":"10.1177/09720634231175957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09720634231175957","url":null,"abstract":"Abundant literature is available on an extremely high temperature associated with mortality for cities of the developed world, but there is a dearth in the literature for coastal, desert and dry cities of the developing world, especially for India. We examined all-cause mortality and extreme high temperature in three Indian cities representing coastal, desert and dry areas for summer months (March to June) from 2006 to 2015. We obtained the data on temperature and all-cause mortality for ten years for the summer months. The city-specific effect of ambient heat on all-cause mortality was assessed through time series ordinary least square linear regression model. A total of 75,571, 122,117 and 53,042 deaths for 1,203, 1,220 and 1,180 summer days from 2006 to 2015 were analysed with ambient temperature for Jaipur, Hyderabad and Surat, respectively. There were 994 (27.6%) out of 3,603 summer days having temperature ≥40°C and 2,495 (69.3%) out of 3,602 summer days having feel temperature/heat index (HI) of ≥41°C. According to the Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) criteria for the heatwave, Surat has the maximum number of 75 days with a maximum temperature of ≥40°C, whereas Hyderabad has only 4 days and Jaipur faced 35 days with a maximum temperature of ≥45°C during the study period. The per-day mean all-cause mortality increased to 39% and 11% for Jaipur and Hyderabad, respectively, at ≥45°C and 20% for the coastal city of Surat at ≥40°C as per IMD heatwave criteria. A time-series linear regression model shows that adjusted R-squared is 0.593, 0.629 and 0.348, which explained the variation of 59.3%, 62.9% and 34.8% for all-cause mortality (dependent variable) by independent variables (maximum temperature, humidity and HI) for Jaipur, Hyderabad and Surat, respectively. The maximum temperature threshold (cut-off) for all-cause mortality for Jaipur, Hyderabad and Surat is 42°C, 41°C and 40°C, respectively. The impact of ambient heat in the rise of all-cause mortality for all study sites was evident. Hence, findings support the efforts for reducing the public health burden of high ambient temperature through developing and implementing city-specific heat action plans.","PeriodicalId":45421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47224562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.1177/09720634231175740
Mustafa Amarat, Serkan Deniz, Mahmut Akbolat, M. Çimen
This study focuses on feelings of loneliness and hopelessness in which COVID-19 was created. The research addresses the following questions: (a) How does trust in government or media affect loneliness and hopelessness during the COVID-19 pandemic? (b) How does trust in interpersonal information affect loneliness and hopelessness? (c) What is the mediating role of perceived personal sensitivity, hand hygiene, and social distance in the effect of trust in government or media on loneliness and hopelessness? (d) What is the mediating role of perceived personal sensitivity, hand hygiene, and social distance in the effect of trust on interpersonal information on loneliness and hopelessness? Trust in government or media information (β: 0.200) positively affects Situational Awareness variables. While Trust in interpersonal information (β: −0.106) affects negatively. Situational Awareness creates a negative effect on Loneliness (β: −0.129) and Hopeless (β: −0.155), while Health Protective Response affects positively. Finally, Health Protective Response negatively affects Loneliness (β: 0.245) and Hopeless (β: 0.253). Interpersonal information, on the other hand, causes individuals to feel both hopeless and lonely. And, when the relationship between individuals’ health protective response with hopelessness and loneliness is examined, it is understood that both health protection responses negatively affect these two emotional states, even if they have different effect levels. As individuals display health protection responses, they have higher hopes for the future and the loneliness felt decreases.
{"title":"Examining the Effect of Situational Awareness and Health Protection Behaviour on Loneliness and Hopelessness in COVID-19 Process","authors":"Mustafa Amarat, Serkan Deniz, Mahmut Akbolat, M. Çimen","doi":"10.1177/09720634231175740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09720634231175740","url":null,"abstract":"This study focuses on feelings of loneliness and hopelessness in which COVID-19 was created. The research addresses the following questions: (a) How does trust in government or media affect loneliness and hopelessness during the COVID-19 pandemic? (b) How does trust in interpersonal information affect loneliness and hopelessness? (c) What is the mediating role of perceived personal sensitivity, hand hygiene, and social distance in the effect of trust in government or media on loneliness and hopelessness? (d) What is the mediating role of perceived personal sensitivity, hand hygiene, and social distance in the effect of trust on interpersonal information on loneliness and hopelessness? Trust in government or media information (β: 0.200) positively affects Situational Awareness variables. While Trust in interpersonal information (β: −0.106) affects negatively. Situational Awareness creates a negative effect on Loneliness (β: −0.129) and Hopeless (β: −0.155), while Health Protective Response affects positively. Finally, Health Protective Response negatively affects Loneliness (β: 0.245) and Hopeless (β: 0.253). Interpersonal information, on the other hand, causes individuals to feel both hopeless and lonely. And, when the relationship between individuals’ health protective response with hopelessness and loneliness is examined, it is understood that both health protection responses negatively affect these two emotional states, even if they have different effect levels. As individuals display health protection responses, they have higher hopes for the future and the loneliness felt decreases.","PeriodicalId":45421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65321009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.1177/09720634231175580
Carmen Amaia Ramírez-Torres, A. Pedraz-Marcos, María Loreto Maciá-Soler, Félix Rivera-Sanz
In 2008, the World Health Organization launched the Surgical Safety Checklist (SSC) to reduce the number of adverse events occurring at operating suites. The objective of this study was to explore middle managers’ experiences of patient safety culture, the meanings they attach to this culture, and their perceptions of one of its best-known strategies, the SSC. This study used a qualitative design involving structured interviews with the head of department, quality managers, and nursing supervisors at an operating suite. Eleven middle managers acknowledged that the SSC supports memory and instils accountability. Work overload was highlighted as the main barrier in SSC implementation, while feedback was identified as the main facilitator. We found significant differences in levels of understanding of patient safety culture among different types of middle managers and professions. Key aspects for promoting an effective, long-lasting patient safety culture were also identified.
{"title":"Perceptions of Patient Safety Among Middle Managers at an Operating Suite","authors":"Carmen Amaia Ramírez-Torres, A. Pedraz-Marcos, María Loreto Maciá-Soler, Félix Rivera-Sanz","doi":"10.1177/09720634231175580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09720634231175580","url":null,"abstract":"In 2008, the World Health Organization launched the Surgical Safety Checklist (SSC) to reduce the number of adverse events occurring at operating suites. The objective of this study was to explore middle managers’ experiences of patient safety culture, the meanings they attach to this culture, and their perceptions of one of its best-known strategies, the SSC. This study used a qualitative design involving structured interviews with the head of department, quality managers, and nursing supervisors at an operating suite. Eleven middle managers acknowledged that the SSC supports memory and instils accountability. Work overload was highlighted as the main barrier in SSC implementation, while feedback was identified as the main facilitator. We found significant differences in levels of understanding of patient safety culture among different types of middle managers and professions. Key aspects for promoting an effective, long-lasting patient safety culture were also identified.","PeriodicalId":45421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48466501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.1177/09720634231175949
Terry L. Rentner, Saud A. Alsulaiman
While the world is struggling with a Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic in 2020, one country, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, has been tackling a different strain of the Coronavirus, the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV), since 2012. The Ministry of Health (MOH) has been working to ensure the safety and health of Saudi residents, particularly during the annual pilgrimage season. This study examined information-seeking behaviours among Saudi people regarding MERS-CoV and the level of adherence to health preventive measures during the Hajj season. The study used the Health Belief Model (HBM) to assess perceived severity among Saudis. The study aimed to measure Saudi’s levels of fear from being infected with MERS-CoV. Snowball sampling and simple random probability sampling methods were utilized. A total of 1,206 participated in the study. Mann–Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis test, Chi-Square test of independence, Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient tests were conducted. The study found that the MOH needed to be more effective in sharing MERS-CoV information and that most Saudis had high perceived severity of MERS-CoV but did not fear contracting MERS-CoV, nor did it impact decisions to attend Hajj. Further results found that respondents with high perceived severity of contracting MERS-CoV were less likely to seek Coronavirus information than those with lower scores.
{"title":"Saudis Perceived Severity of Middle East Respiratory Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and Preventive Measures","authors":"Terry L. Rentner, Saud A. Alsulaiman","doi":"10.1177/09720634231175949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09720634231175949","url":null,"abstract":"While the world is struggling with a Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic in 2020, one country, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, has been tackling a different strain of the Coronavirus, the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV), since 2012. The Ministry of Health (MOH) has been working to ensure the safety and health of Saudi residents, particularly during the annual pilgrimage season. This study examined information-seeking behaviours among Saudi people regarding MERS-CoV and the level of adherence to health preventive measures during the Hajj season. The study used the Health Belief Model (HBM) to assess perceived severity among Saudis. The study aimed to measure Saudi’s levels of fear from being infected with MERS-CoV. Snowball sampling and simple random probability sampling methods were utilized. A total of 1,206 participated in the study. Mann–Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis test, Chi-Square test of independence, Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient tests were conducted. The study found that the MOH needed to be more effective in sharing MERS-CoV information and that most Saudis had high perceived severity of MERS-CoV but did not fear contracting MERS-CoV, nor did it impact decisions to attend Hajj. Further results found that respondents with high perceived severity of contracting MERS-CoV were less likely to seek Coronavirus information than those with lower scores.","PeriodicalId":45421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45146104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.1177/09720634231175590
Rita de Cássia Cerqueira de Paula, C. Rached, M. M. C. De Liberal
The 2017 annual review in several health sectors highlighted the importance of medical auditing, based on the analysis of accounts, extensions with pertinent discussions between external and internal auditor, concurrent audit, using medicine based on evidence to reduce costs and guarantee the quality of services provided. The article is justified by the scarcity of academic studies that link Health Economics with the implementation of internal audits, as it is a subject little explored by scientific research yet. The study consists in bibliographic research on the most recent publications that address the theoretical and practical concepts related to the implementation of Strategic Sourcing programs in the field of health in large hospitals of high and medium complexity. It is necessary to define the role of the health auditor as the professional who will help managers to see the medical bill based on the value in health and not only in the cut in hospital expenses. Studies of the possible outcomes aimed at comprehensive health care, auditors are required to control costs. This information helps in the search for the most effective way to meet specific needs in terms of service, focusing on maximising human and material resources available.
{"title":"The Leader Medical Audit in Hospital Routine Resource","authors":"Rita de Cássia Cerqueira de Paula, C. Rached, M. M. C. De Liberal","doi":"10.1177/09720634231175590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09720634231175590","url":null,"abstract":"The 2017 annual review in several health sectors highlighted the importance of medical auditing, based on the analysis of accounts, extensions with pertinent discussions between external and internal auditor, concurrent audit, using medicine based on evidence to reduce costs and guarantee the quality of services provided. The article is justified by the scarcity of academic studies that link Health Economics with the implementation of internal audits, as it is a subject little explored by scientific research yet. The study consists in bibliographic research on the most recent publications that address the theoretical and practical concepts related to the implementation of Strategic Sourcing programs in the field of health in large hospitals of high and medium complexity. It is necessary to define the role of the health auditor as the professional who will help managers to see the medical bill based on the value in health and not only in the cut in hospital expenses. Studies of the possible outcomes aimed at comprehensive health care, auditors are required to control costs. This information helps in the search for the most effective way to meet specific needs in terms of service, focusing on maximising human and material resources available.","PeriodicalId":45421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45963657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.1177/09720634231177341
S. Ongan, Ismet Gocer
This study investigates the potential impacts of different socio-economic-demographic (henceforth, SED) factors in COVID-19-related stay-at-home-tendencies (henceforth, COVID-19-SAHTs) in the US. This requires a state-level investigation rather than a country-level since the US states exhibit large SED differences from one another. To this aim, the K-Means Cluster analysis and the panel autoregressive distributed lag models are applied. The main empirical finding indicates that different SED factors in different US states matter in COVID-19-SAHTs. Additionally, people in the states which have more equal income distribution, higher rate of basic literacy, and less population density stay at their homes more during the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings may provide some vital pre-information to the state policymakers about how much the people from different SED statuses will tend to comply with future COVID-19 state restrictions such as stay-at-home orders and others. Until the scientists create a proven vaccine for the coronavirus, states will most likely continue to issue some COVID-19 restrictions to reduce the spread of this pandemic.
{"title":"Do Different Socio-economic-demographic Factors Matter in COVID-19 Related Stay-at-home-tendencies Across the US States?","authors":"S. Ongan, Ismet Gocer","doi":"10.1177/09720634231177341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09720634231177341","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the potential impacts of different socio-economic-demographic (henceforth, SED) factors in COVID-19-related stay-at-home-tendencies (henceforth, COVID-19-SAHTs) in the US. This requires a state-level investigation rather than a country-level since the US states exhibit large SED differences from one another. To this aim, the K-Means Cluster analysis and the panel autoregressive distributed lag models are applied. The main empirical finding indicates that different SED factors in different US states matter in COVID-19-SAHTs. Additionally, people in the states which have more equal income distribution, higher rate of basic literacy, and less population density stay at their homes more during the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings may provide some vital pre-information to the state policymakers about how much the people from different SED statuses will tend to comply with future COVID-19 state restrictions such as stay-at-home orders and others. Until the scientists create a proven vaccine for the coronavirus, states will most likely continue to issue some COVID-19 restrictions to reduce the spread of this pandemic.","PeriodicalId":45421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46117594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.1177/09720634231175747
P. Jelly, Suresh K. Sharma, V. Saxena, Rakesh Sharma
India is trying to achieve the target of sustainable development goals of reducing maternal mortality ratio to 70/1,00,000 live births by the year 2030. The maternal mortality in Uttarakhand is 89/100,000 live birth (2015–2017), against the national average of 122. Daley in the care during the labour process, poor transport system, and inadequate health care facilities for maternal care leading to maternal and infant mortality are not well understood, including other contributing factors. In Uttarakhand, maternal haemorrhage (22.9%), eclampsia (14.6%), sepsis (10.6%), rupture of the uterus (6.2%), ectopic pregnancy (2.1%), and pulmonary embolism (2.1%) were the direct causes for maternal mortality; the indirect causes were anaemia (16.6%), jaundice (12.5%), heart diseases during pregnancy (6.2%), and other communicable diseases (6.3%). Age at pregnancy, not having health schemes, health care accessibility, presence of complications, and residing in a rural area were additional risk factors. Being multigravida adds to a higher risk for women to die (66.7%). Common causes of neonatal mortality were birth asphyxia (20.4%) and preterm birth (15.4%), whereas pneumonia (26.1%), septicaemia (12.5%), diarrhoeal and acute gastroenteritis (19%) were common causes for post-neonatal deaths. It was also reported that prematurity with respiratory distress syndrome (37.7%), septicaemia (16.8%), and perinatal asphyxia (13.9%) were the leading causes in Uttarakhand, while neonatal seizures (3.54%), congenital anomalies (3.23%), intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) (2.6%), and neonatal jaundice (2.3%) were fewer common causes reported. Multidirectional contributing factors had been reported for maternal and infant mortality, so it needs a multidimensional approach to address the issue.
{"title":"A Comprehensive Review of Causes and Determinants of Maternal and Infant Mortality in Uttarakhand","authors":"P. Jelly, Suresh K. Sharma, V. Saxena, Rakesh Sharma","doi":"10.1177/09720634231175747","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09720634231175747","url":null,"abstract":"India is trying to achieve the target of sustainable development goals of reducing maternal mortality ratio to 70/1,00,000 live births by the year 2030. The maternal mortality in Uttarakhand is 89/100,000 live birth (2015–2017), against the national average of 122. Daley in the care during the labour process, poor transport system, and inadequate health care facilities for maternal care leading to maternal and infant mortality are not well understood, including other contributing factors. In Uttarakhand, maternal haemorrhage (22.9%), eclampsia (14.6%), sepsis (10.6%), rupture of the uterus (6.2%), ectopic pregnancy (2.1%), and pulmonary embolism (2.1%) were the direct causes for maternal mortality; the indirect causes were anaemia (16.6%), jaundice (12.5%), heart diseases during pregnancy (6.2%), and other communicable diseases (6.3%). Age at pregnancy, not having health schemes, health care accessibility, presence of complications, and residing in a rural area were additional risk factors. Being multigravida adds to a higher risk for women to die (66.7%). Common causes of neonatal mortality were birth asphyxia (20.4%) and preterm birth (15.4%), whereas pneumonia (26.1%), septicaemia (12.5%), diarrhoeal and acute gastroenteritis (19%) were common causes for post-neonatal deaths. It was also reported that prematurity with respiratory distress syndrome (37.7%), septicaemia (16.8%), and perinatal asphyxia (13.9%) were the leading causes in Uttarakhand, while neonatal seizures (3.54%), congenital anomalies (3.23%), intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) (2.6%), and neonatal jaundice (2.3%) were fewer common causes reported. Multidirectional contributing factors had been reported for maternal and infant mortality, so it needs a multidimensional approach to address the issue.","PeriodicalId":45421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45142680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.1177/09720634231177336
N. Amiri, Manal Ali
Marketing is an important branch of management in every business. It manages the exchange relationships between buyers and sellers. In the healthcare industry, exchange relationships involve various stakeholders, including marketers, healthcare providers, patients, and others. The study aims to figure out the role of nurses, who form the largest segment of the workers in healthcare organisations, in marketing for their profession, services, and organisations, and identify the impact of their marketing role on their profession and organisational performance. Besides, the study aims to come up with a model that displays the findings, including the relationships between nurse’s roles in marketing and its influence on organisational performance. To achieve these goals, the authors adopted the literature review research method to summarise the findings of published articles in academic journals. The study has revealed that nurses should consider building their image and improving healthcare services using a well-structured marketing plan. Furthermore, the study suggested a model that links building a positive professional image and enhancing the healthcare services by nurses to improve their organisational performance moderated by internal marketing of the organisation towards nurses.
{"title":"The Roles of Nurses as Marketers: A Literature Review","authors":"N. Amiri, Manal Ali","doi":"10.1177/09720634231177336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09720634231177336","url":null,"abstract":"Marketing is an important branch of management in every business. It manages the exchange relationships between buyers and sellers. In the healthcare industry, exchange relationships involve various stakeholders, including marketers, healthcare providers, patients, and others. The study aims to figure out the role of nurses, who form the largest segment of the workers in healthcare organisations, in marketing for their profession, services, and organisations, and identify the impact of their marketing role on their profession and organisational performance. Besides, the study aims to come up with a model that displays the findings, including the relationships between nurse’s roles in marketing and its influence on organisational performance. To achieve these goals, the authors adopted the literature review research method to summarise the findings of published articles in academic journals. The study has revealed that nurses should consider building their image and improving healthcare services using a well-structured marketing plan. Furthermore, the study suggested a model that links building a positive professional image and enhancing the healthcare services by nurses to improve their organisational performance moderated by internal marketing of the organisation towards nurses.","PeriodicalId":45421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48726821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.1177/09720634231175947
Sanjukta Sarkar
Women’s abuse is a global health problem that erodes their self-esteem and saps their energy. Research evidence for India mainly focusses on use of reproductive healthcare services by women based on their experience of intimate partner violence during pregnancy. We hypothesise that non-partner violence during pregnancy can be equally detrimental for women and their children’s well-being. As this aspect remains unexplored, we investigate the relationship between physical non-partner violence (PNPV) faced by women during pregnancy in India and utilisation of three reproductive healthcare services by them, namely antenatal care, institutional delivery and postnatal checks. Using data from the fourth round of the National Family Health Survey and employing binary multivariable logistic regression models under the framework of the Andersen–Newman Behavioural Model of health services utilisation, we find that women who experience PNPV during pregnancy are significantly more likely to give birth in a medical facility but less likely to make use of postnatal care services. Thus, recognising the connection between violence during pregnancy and the utilisation of maternal health services can enable healthcare and other social support organisations to identify the unique needs of pregnant women experiencing abuse and help in reducing such violence from happening in the first place.
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