Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.2308/jeta-19-06-01-28
Ahmed Gomaa, Mohamed Gomaa, Salem Lotfi Boumediene, Magdy Farag
ABSTRACT Reconciliation of transactions between multiple parties is a time-consuming process. This paper presents a new conceptual framework that may lower costs and shorten the reconciliation time. The proposed framework recommends recording transactions on the blockchain before populating the transacting parties’ respective enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems, which will be the source of a single truth. This information flow will result in all involved parties having access to the same transaction details. Further, the paper presents a technical feasibility demonstration with two examples, where all involved parties are executing transaction details on the blockchain after meeting the governing smart contract constraints using their digital wallets. The new conceptual framework has been specifically designed to create one truth for all parties involved in a transaction that in turn may eliminate what is perceived to be unnecessary redundancy in current accounting systems.
{"title":"The Creation of One Truth: Single-Ledger Entries for Multiple Stakeholders Using Blockchain Technology to Address the Reconciliation Problem","authors":"Ahmed Gomaa, Mohamed Gomaa, Salem Lotfi Boumediene, Magdy Farag","doi":"10.2308/jeta-19-06-01-28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2308/jeta-19-06-01-28","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Reconciliation of transactions between multiple parties is a time-consuming process. This paper presents a new conceptual framework that may lower costs and shorten the reconciliation time. The proposed framework recommends recording transactions on the blockchain before populating the transacting parties’ respective enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems, which will be the source of a single truth. This information flow will result in all involved parties having access to the same transaction details. Further, the paper presents a technical feasibility demonstration with two examples, where all involved parties are executing transaction details on the blockchain after meeting the governing smart contract constraints using their digital wallets. The new conceptual framework has been specifically designed to create one truth for all parties involved in a transaction that in turn may eliminate what is perceived to be unnecessary redundancy in current accounting systems.","PeriodicalId":45427,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emerging Technologies in Accounting","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135504453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT Accelerating climate change, deforestation, and pollution have turned a global spotlight on corporate sustainability. Many countries have issued standards on Environment, Social, and Governance (ESG) reporting, especially from heavily polluting companies. ESG disclosure has become a main channel for investors, the public, and other external stakeholders to understand companies’ impact on the environment. However, the current methods of collecting and processing environmental information are insufficient and infrequent, impairing stakeholders’ decision-making. Moreover, the complexity and diversity of environmental measures can inhibit information reliability, accuracy, and objectivity. We propose the use of Industry 4.0 technologies to improve existing ESG reporting processes and demonstrate a novel environmental reporting system that could allow a Chinese energy company to collect and report environmental information in real time, enhancing the completeness, reliability, and efficiency of their environmental disclosure.
{"title":"Industry 4.0-Enabled Environment, Social, and Governance Reporting: A Case from a Chinese Energy Company","authors":"Wenjun Yu, Yu Gu, Jun Dai","doi":"10.2308/jeta-2022-014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2308/jeta-2022-014","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Accelerating climate change, deforestation, and pollution have turned a global spotlight on corporate sustainability. Many countries have issued standards on Environment, Social, and Governance (ESG) reporting, especially from heavily polluting companies. ESG disclosure has become a main channel for investors, the public, and other external stakeholders to understand companies’ impact on the environment. However, the current methods of collecting and processing environmental information are insufficient and infrequent, impairing stakeholders’ decision-making. Moreover, the complexity and diversity of environmental measures can inhibit information reliability, accuracy, and objectivity. We propose the use of Industry 4.0 technologies to improve existing ESG reporting processes and demonstrate a novel environmental reporting system that could allow a Chinese energy company to collect and report environmental information in real time, enhancing the completeness, reliability, and efficiency of their environmental disclosure.","PeriodicalId":45427,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emerging Technologies in Accounting","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135399711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.2308/1554-1908-20-1.i
{"title":"Covers and Front Matter","authors":"","doi":"10.2308/1554-1908-20-1.i","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2308/1554-1908-20-1.i","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45427,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emerging Technologies in Accounting","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135145494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.2308/1554-1908-20-1.327
{"title":"Editorial Policy","authors":"","doi":"10.2308/1554-1908-20-1.327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2308/1554-1908-20-1.327","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45427,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emerging Technologies in Accounting","volume":"132 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135145512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhaokai Yan, Deniz Appelbaum, A. Kogan, M. Vasarhelyi
Audit data analytics is gaining increasing attention from both audit researchers and practitioners. To provide accounting students with firsthand experience utilizing data analytics, this teaching case showcases the implementation of data analytic techniques to transactional-level data from real-world business practice. Specifically, this case demonstrates the application of seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models, utilizing exogenous weather data, to predict daily sales amounts of a wholesale club retailer. The learning objective is to demonstrate this process and teach students to apply predictive data analytics through Python programming and incorporate and utilize exogenous data in sales prediction.
{"title":"Teaching Predictive Audit Data Analytic Techniques: Time-Series Forecasting with Transactional and Exogenous Data","authors":"Zhaokai Yan, Deniz Appelbaum, A. Kogan, M. Vasarhelyi","doi":"10.2308/jeta-2020-018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2308/jeta-2020-018","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Audit data analytics is gaining increasing attention from both audit researchers and practitioners. To provide accounting students with firsthand experience utilizing data analytics, this teaching case showcases the implementation of data analytic techniques to transactional-level data from real-world business practice. Specifically, this case demonstrates the application of seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models, utilizing exogenous weather data, to predict daily sales amounts of a wholesale club retailer. The learning objective is to demonstrate this process and teach students to apply predictive data analytics through Python programming and incorporate and utilize exogenous data in sales prediction.","PeriodicalId":45427,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emerging Technologies in Accounting","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41260532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper aims to help students further understand employee reimbursement schemes, while simultaneously advancing the integration of data analytics in the accounting curriculum. The learning activity takes students through a comprehensive data analytics cycle to determine the root cause of employee expense reimbursement increases. The ability to leverage data analytics and possess technological agility to address business questions is an important skillset. Our paper contributes to the literature by presenting a resource that promotes the acceleration of integrating data analytics across the curriculum. The case topic is applicable to many classes, including audit (both external and internal), accounting information systems (AIS), financial, or forensic accounting, thereby promoting compliance with new accreditation standards requiring analytics throughout the curriculum. This case study helps expand the coverage of data analytics and learning experiences that emphasize the integration of information technology in the accounting curriculum. JEL Classifications: M40; M41; M42.
{"title":"J&S Publisher Problems: A Diagnostic Analytics Case Exploring Employee Expense Reimbursement","authors":"Jamie Hoelscher, Trevor Shonhiwa","doi":"10.2308/jeta-2021-011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2308/jeta-2021-011","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This paper aims to help students further understand employee reimbursement schemes, while simultaneously advancing the integration of data analytics in the accounting curriculum. The learning activity takes students through a comprehensive data analytics cycle to determine the root cause of employee expense reimbursement increases. The ability to leverage data analytics and possess technological agility to address business questions is an important skillset. Our paper contributes to the literature by presenting a resource that promotes the acceleration of integrating data analytics across the curriculum. The case topic is applicable to many classes, including audit (both external and internal), accounting information systems (AIS), financial, or forensic accounting, thereby promoting compliance with new accreditation standards requiring analytics throughout the curriculum. This case study helps expand the coverage of data analytics and learning experiences that emphasize the integration of information technology in the accounting curriculum.\u0000 JEL Classifications: M40; M41; M42.","PeriodicalId":45427,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emerging Technologies in Accounting","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49563844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT This paper proposes a new similarity metric, Vector Similarity Metric (VSM), which is as simple as the popular Cosine Similarity Metric (CSM). The CSM has a major deficiency. It yields the same value, irrespective of how different the two vectors are in their sizes so long as the angle between them is the same. This deficiency remains intact even when Natural Language Processing is used to associate semantic meanings to the words/phrases and when the term frequency is modified using Inverse Document Frequency. This deficiency becomes a serious concern when one is comparing the risk profile of one company with the risk profile of another company or investigating the changes in the risk profile of a company from one year to another. The VSM is based on the difference of the two vectors. The paper demonstrates the superiority of VSM over CSM analytically and through real-world examples.
{"title":"A New Measure of Similarity in Textual Analysis: Vector Similarity Metric versus Cosine Similarity Metric","authors":"Rajendra P. Srivastava","doi":"10.2308/jeta-2021-043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2308/jeta-2021-043","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper proposes a new similarity metric, Vector Similarity Metric (VSM), which is as simple as the popular Cosine Similarity Metric (CSM). The CSM has a major deficiency. It yields the same value, irrespective of how different the two vectors are in their sizes so long as the angle between them is the same. This deficiency remains intact even when Natural Language Processing is used to associate semantic meanings to the words/phrases and when the term frequency is modified using Inverse Document Frequency. This deficiency becomes a serious concern when one is comparing the risk profile of one company with the risk profile of another company or investigating the changes in the risk profile of a company from one year to another. The VSM is based on the difference of the two vectors. The paper demonstrates the superiority of VSM over CSM analytically and through real-world examples.","PeriodicalId":45427,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emerging Technologies in Accounting","volume":"33 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135703177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Professional skepticism is a fundamental and critical construct for audit professionals. Although accounting regulators, practitioners, and CPA examinations call for explicit consideration of cyber risks by current and future audit professionals, the current body of literature has not examined the effects of professional skepticism in the context of cybersecurity-related tasks. This study focuses on the effect of professional skepticism on accounting students’ performance in cybersecurity (ASPC). Based on a sample of 115 graduate accounting students, we found that the students did not consistently understand cybersecurity fundamentals. Our study identifies personality traits and operating stress as antecedents of professional skepticism, and these antecedents affect ASPC indirectly through professional skepticism. The results indicate that professional skepticism directly and positively affects ASPC. In addition, cybersecurity knowledge and age positively and directly affect ASPC. The results of this study have implications for academics, accounting education, and the audit profession. Data Availability: Data are available on request from the authors. JEL Classifications: D91; M42; O33.
{"title":"Exploring Antecedents of Professional Skepticism on Accounting Students’ Performance in Cybersecurity","authors":"Yueqi Li, S. Goel, K. Williams","doi":"10.2308/jeta-2022-043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2308/jeta-2022-043","url":null,"abstract":"Professional skepticism is a fundamental and critical construct for audit professionals. Although accounting regulators, practitioners, and CPA examinations call for explicit consideration of cyber risks by current and future audit professionals, the current body of literature has not examined the effects of professional skepticism in the context of cybersecurity-related tasks. This study focuses on the effect of professional skepticism on accounting students’ performance in cybersecurity (ASPC). Based on a sample of 115 graduate accounting students, we found that the students did not consistently understand cybersecurity fundamentals. Our study identifies personality traits and operating stress as antecedents of professional skepticism, and these antecedents affect ASPC indirectly through professional skepticism. The results indicate that professional skepticism directly and positively affects ASPC. In addition, cybersecurity knowledge and age positively and directly affect ASPC. The results of this study have implications for academics, accounting education, and the audit profession. Data Availability: Data are available on request from the authors. JEL Classifications: D91; M42; O33.","PeriodicalId":45427,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emerging Technologies in Accounting","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45212287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Recent advances in technology have motivated and facilitated a revolution in the manufacturing domain, named “Industry 4.0.” Industry 4.0 significantly changes the manufacturing paradigm by linking the physical world with its virtual model, enabling communications among machines, enhancing collaborations across the value creation chain, and increasing intelligence in the manufacturing process. Those changes are also expected to dramatically influence current business models and impact the management accounting domain. The profession may adjust existing procedures to adapt to these changes or invent novel approaches to improve analyses and decision-making, and will likely become more intelligent and automated. This paper explores a new management accounting paradigm: Management Accounting 4.0 using the organizing principles of accounting information systems meta-theory model. We further establish a roadmap toward the new paradigm from the perspectives of vision, strategy approach, requirements, and priority areas.
{"title":"Management Accounting 4.0: The Future of Management Accounting","authors":"Jun Dai, M. Vasarhelyi","doi":"10.2308/jeta-2023-009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2308/jeta-2023-009","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Recent advances in technology have motivated and facilitated a revolution in the manufacturing domain, named “Industry 4.0.” Industry 4.0 significantly changes the manufacturing paradigm by linking the physical world with its virtual model, enabling communications among machines, enhancing collaborations across the value creation chain, and increasing intelligence in the manufacturing process. Those changes are also expected to dramatically influence current business models and impact the management accounting domain. The profession may adjust existing procedures to adapt to these changes or invent novel approaches to improve analyses and decision-making, and will likely become more intelligent and automated. This paper explores a new management accounting paradigm: Management Accounting 4.0 using the organizing principles of accounting information systems meta-theory model. We further establish a roadmap toward the new paradigm from the perspectives of vision, strategy approach, requirements, and priority areas.","PeriodicalId":45427,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emerging Technologies in Accounting","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42924501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper takes the perspective of enhancing data analytics skills and technology agility in the accounting curriculum by repurposing existing practice-driven cases with new tools and technologies. Through a brief literature review of existing recommendations from academics and practice, we identify current dominant data analytics tools. We then examine the data analytics teaching cases available from practice, specifically those from the Big 4-sponsored foundations. We propose a methodology for instructors to infuse existing cases with updated technology and tools to provide students with comprehensive learning opportunities and encourage technology agility. We provide an example of how this can be done by updating an existing case from the EY Academic Resource Center, integrating Excel and Access with Alteryx, Tableau, and Python.
{"title":"Reuse and Recycle: Infusing Practice-Driven Cases with New Life through New Technologies","authors":"Joy Gray, Lorraine S. Lee","doi":"10.2308/jeta-2021-018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2308/jeta-2021-018","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This paper takes the perspective of enhancing data analytics skills and technology agility in the accounting curriculum by repurposing existing practice-driven cases with new tools and technologies. Through a brief literature review of existing recommendations from academics and practice, we identify current dominant data analytics tools. We then examine the data analytics teaching cases available from practice, specifically those from the Big 4-sponsored foundations. We propose a methodology for instructors to infuse existing cases with updated technology and tools to provide students with comprehensive learning opportunities and encourage technology agility. We provide an example of how this can be done by updating an existing case from the EY Academic Resource Center, integrating Excel and Access with Alteryx, Tableau, and Python.","PeriodicalId":45427,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emerging Technologies in Accounting","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42517298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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