International Orthodontics最新文献

{"title":"Orthodontic bracket failure rate after bonding with and without primer – A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Thangabalu Rajamuthu ,&nbsp;Anjana Rajagopalan ,&nbsp;Anusuya Venkatachalapathy ,&nbsp;Prabhakar Krishnan ,&nbsp;Naveen Munusamy ,&nbsp;Udhayan Asokan","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100934","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100934","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To compare the difference in failure rates between orthodontic brackets bonded with light-cured primer and those bonded without primer.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>An electronic search of five databases and additional manual searches were performed until January 2024. Randomized and prospective non-randomized controlled trials directly comparing the bracket failure rate with and without primer. Two authors independently collected study characteristics by extracting outcome data from pre-defined sheets. After evaluating the risk of bias, the odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated with random-effects models.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Four studies were evaluated using qualitative and quantitative analysis. The analysis included data from 199 patients (1691 brackets with primer and 1646 brackets without primer). Random effects of pooled meta-analysis demonstrated statistically significant differences in the bracket failure rates (odds ratio<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->1.50, <em>p</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.010, [95% CI 1.10 to 2.05]). The risk of failure was 1.5 times greater when brackets were bonded without primer.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The results should be interpreted in the context of the limited sample size, even though there was a substantial difference in the failure rates of brackets with and without a primer, favouring the use of a primer. Furthermore, the validity of the finding may be limited by potential variables such as patient factors, clinician expertise, and isolation. More extensive research is required to validate these findings (PROSPERO CRD42024593134).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"23 1","pages":"Article 100934"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142510124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anterior maxillary distraction for cleft palate associated severe hypoplastic maxillary Class III deformity during adolescence – A case report","authors":"Harpreet Singh ,&nbsp;Dhirendra Srivastava ,&nbsp;Pranav Kapoor ,&nbsp;Poonam Sharma ,&nbsp;Sonal Mishra ,&nbsp;Lokesh Chandra ,&nbsp;Raj Kumar Maurya","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100927","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100927","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This report chronicles the case of an adolescent female with cleft palate associated severe hypoplastic maxillary Class III deformity. Treatment involved anterior maxillary segmental distraction osteogenesis (AMSDO) in conjunction with pre-distraction and post-distraction orthodontics. Following pre-distraction orthodontics, AMSDO was performed using a customized Hyrax distractor assembly. Post-distraction orthodontics helped stabilize distraction outcomes and finalize occlusion. Post-treatment, midface deficiency and prognathic profile improved dramatically with establishment of acceptable interincisal relationship and well-balanced functionally interdigitated occlusion. Three-year follow-up showed excellent morphologic and functional stability. AMSDO is a viable modality that contributes to effective stomatological rehabilitation of patients with cleft maxillary hypoplasia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"22 4","pages":"Article 100927"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142477251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of fluoride varnish containing casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate application and diode laser irradiation on white spot lesions remineralization: An in vitro study","authors":"Mona El Sayed ,&nbsp;Rahma ElNaghy ,&nbsp;Toka Hesham Fathi ,&nbsp;Reem Zeid","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100929","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100929","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/Objectives</h3><div>The prevention of white spot lesions (WSLs) during orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances is of paramount importance to orthodontists. Numerous non-invasive techniques have been extensively researched to effectively manage WSLs. The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of MI varnish application, diode laser irradiation and their combination on remineralization of WSLs.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>In this in vitro study, 40 enamel samples were divided randomly into 4 groups based on the applied treatment after demineralization. In Group I, MI varnish was applied to the enamel samples for a period of 7 days. In Group II, samples were irradiated with diode laser. In Group III, MI varnish was applied for 7 days, followed by diode laser irradiation. Whereas Group IV (control group) received no treatment and samples were stored in artificial saliva for 7 days. Microhardness assessments were performed at baseline, after demineralization and following the different treatment protocols. A representative sample from each group was randomly selected for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. One-way ANOVA, repeated measures ANOVA, and Tukey's Post Hoc tests were used for statistical analysis, with significance set at <em>P</em> <!-->≤<!--> <!-->0.05.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>All treatment groups demonstrated significantly higher mean microhardness values compared to the control group (<em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.05). Group 1 (MI varnish) had a final microhardness mean value of 193.50 (<em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.001), Group 2 (diode laser) recorded the highest final mean of 214.20 (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.018), and Group 3 (MI varnish<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->diode laser) had a mean of 203.93 (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.011). SEM observations supported these findings by showing enhanced surface morphology in the treatment groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>MI varnish application, laser irradiation, and their combination demonstrated enhanced microhardness of artificially demineralized enamel, highlighting their effectiveness in remineralization of WSLs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"23 1","pages":"Article 100929"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142438028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A 3D finite element analysis of biomechanical effects on teeth and bone during true intrusion of anteriors using miniscrews","authors":"Ankit Bharadwaj ,&nbsp;Sachin Ahuja ,&nbsp;Japjee Uppal ,&nbsp;Eenal Bhambri ,&nbsp;Renu Sewta ,&nbsp;Seema Gupta","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100925","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100925","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>The primary objective of this study was to investigate the biomechanical effects and stresses on bone, periodontal ligament (PDL), cementum and displacement along X-, Y- and Z-axis during true intrusion of incisors using mini-implants with Finite Element Analysis; the secondary objective of the study was to find out the best method for anterior intrusion in clinical practice to treat anterior deep bite malocclusions.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>A 3D finite element method was used to simulate true anterior intrusion with sliding mechanics using mini-implants. Two groups were modelled with mini-implants placed distal to lateral incisors for Model 1, and below the anterior nasal spine (ANS) for Model 2, to achieve intrusion. von Mises stress, principal stress on PDL and alveolar bone, displacements in all 3 planes were determined.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Amongst the modalities compared in the present study, the stresses on bone and PDL were showing best behavior for mini-implants placed distal to lateral incisors (Model 1). The teeth showed controlled tooth movement in Model 1.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Maximum stress was found in the cortical bone and in the PDL. Nature of the stress changed from compressive to tensile from cervical area to root apex, concentrating mainly at the apical area. Amongst the modalities compared, the best controlled tooth movements for anterior intrusion to treat anterior deep bite malocclusions, was for mini-implants placed distal to lateral incisors (Model 1).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"23 1","pages":"Article 100925"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142406929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mini-implant assisted orthodontic correction of lip and occlusal cant of a young adult: A case report","authors":"Sanjeev Verma,&nbsp;Vinay Kumar,&nbsp;Raj Kumar Verma,&nbsp;Chaman Lal,&nbsp;Naveen K. Subbaiah,&nbsp;Satinder Pal Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100900","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100900","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Patients seek orthodontic treatment to correct unesthetic and asymmetric smiles because even a minimal cant of 4 is well perceived by a layperson. This case report describes a nonsurgical orthodontic management of iatrogenic occlusal canting in a 22-year-old female, who developed it during a previous orthodontic treatment for an impacted canine. The iatrogenic cant was corrected by the intrusion of the left mandibular segment followed by extrusion of left maxillary segment using mini-implants. Mini-implants were inserted in the mandibular left buccal segment (the first between canine and premolar, the second between the second premolar and first permanent molar), and the intruded mandibular posteriors were stabilized with the help of stainless-steel ligature (0.012″ SS) tied to the mini-implant. The expected correction of the occlusal cant, asymmetric gingival and tooth exposure, and soft tissue lip cant were corrected resulting in a significant improvement in smile aesthetics at the end of orthodontic treatment. After a follow-up period of 24<!--> <!-->months, the results were stable.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"22 4","pages":"Article 100900"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142394131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing AudaxCeph®’s cephalometric tracing technology versus a semi-automated approach for analyzing severe Class II and Class III skeletons","authors":"Katherine O’Friel ,&nbsp;Andrew Chapple ,&nbsp;Richard Ballard ,&nbsp;Paul Armbruster","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100926","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100926","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the accuracy and precision of the AudaxCeph® fully automated software in identifying cephalometric landmarks on lateral cephalograms of Class II and Class III skeletal relationships, comparing its performance against experienced orthodontists using manual tracing within the same software environment.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>Sixty cephalograms depicting severe Class II or Class III skeletal discrepancies were assessed by two board-certified orthodontists and AudaxCeph®’s artificial intelligence automatic tracing software. Among these, 40 cases were classified as Class II and 20 as Class III. An X–Y axis was established at the bottom left corner of each cephalogram, and subsequent X and Y coordinates for the landmarks were exported to Excel. Thirteen cephalometric landmarks were identified and used for comparing manual and automatic tracing methods, with no alteration of landmark positions post-tracing. Measures of the X coordinate, Y coordinate, and radial distance for each landmark were compared using <em>t</em>-tests for equivalence with a 2<!--> <!-->mm margin, both against AudaxCeph®’s positions and intra-operator reliability.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Analysis revealed that while most operator measurements closely approximated AudaxCeph® values, discrepancies exceeding 2<!--> <!-->mm were notable at Gonion and Porion landmarks. Slight variability was noted in one instance during intra-examiner evaluation at the Gonion landmark.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study concludes that AudaxCeph®’s artificial intelligence-driven automatic tracing of cephalograms offers a reliable and accurate method for orthodontic treatment planning across various skeletal types and severities. On average, it exhibits minimal discrepancies exceeding 2<!--> <!-->mm compared to manual operators, with notable variations observed primarily at the Gonion and Porion landmarks. While AudaxCeph® is an acceptable tool for cephalometric landmark location, it's accuracy still require the practitioner to verify some less reliable landmark locations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"22 4","pages":"Article 100926"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142394130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cantilever-aided bodily protraction of a mandibular molar with clear aligner: A finite element analysis","authors":"Yi Yang ,&nbsp;Lu Liu ,&nbsp;Qingsong Jiang ,&nbsp;Qi Fan ,&nbsp;Haoxin Zhang ,&nbsp;Jialun Li ,&nbsp;Wenli Lai ,&nbsp;Hu Long","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100924","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100924","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To analyse the biomechanics of molar protraction through clear aligner therapy (CAT) with and without a buccal cantilever.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Models were composed of mandible, lower dentition, periodontal ligaments, attachments, a buccal cantilever, and clear aligner. Four groups were designed: (1) control (aligner only), (2) aligner<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->buccal cantilever with buccal class II traction, (3) aligner<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->buccal cantilever with buccal class II and lingual class II tractions, (4) aligner<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->buccal cantilever with buccal horizontal traction named buccal class I, buccal class II, and lingual class II tractions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>CAT alone caused mesial tipping, lingual tipping, and intrusion of mandibular second molar. Adding the buccal cantilever on the mandibular second molar with 100-g buccal class II traction was effective in preventing the mesial tipping of mandibular second molar, but resulted in a greater lingual tipping tendency. Further addition of lingual class II traction prevented aforementioned lingual tipping and bodily protraction was achieved in sagittal dimension, while buccal tipping was present. Bodily protraction without buccolingual tipping was achieved through clear aligner, buccal class II, lingual class II, and buccal class I tractions, and the stress concentrated on the alveolar bone was reduced.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>CAT produced mesial tipping, lingual tipping, and intrusion of mandibular molar during protraction. The incorporation of the buccal cantilever into the clear aligner improves the biomechanical effect of molar protraction. Bodily molar protraction can be achieved with a judicious combination of buccal class II, lingual class II and buccal class I tractions with clear aligner and buccal cantilever.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"22 4","pages":"Article 100924"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142359042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing the effect of two polishing systems on surface roughness of feldspathic, lithium disilicate, and translucent zirconia ceramics after orthodontic bracket debonding: An in vitro study","authors":"Mohammad Amin Fahimi ,&nbsp;Saeed Azarbayejani ,&nbsp;Mahshid Mohammadi-Bassir","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100923","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100923","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Debonding of orthodontic brackets on ceramic restorations leave a rough surface which should be efficiently polished. In this study the effect of two diamond polishing systems (DPS), namely Optra Fine® (OF) and Diapol Twist® (DT) on surface roughness (SR) of feldspathic (F), lithium disilicate (LD), and translucent zirconia (TZ) ceramics assessed after bracket debonding.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Ninety disc-shaped specimens fabricated from F, LD, and TZ ceramics and glazed (Gl). Ten glazed specimens of 3 ceramic types served as control (C) groups (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->30). Other 60 specimens were deglazed, and after specific surface preparation according to ceramic type, upper central incisor brackets were bonded. After debonding, the remaining adhesive composite removed with tungsten carbide bur and specimens randomly assigned into 6 groups. The nine experimental groups defined as: Glazed F specimens (C), Deglazed F specimens polished with DT, Deglazed F specimens polished with OF, Glazed LD specimens (C), Deglazed LD specimens polished with DT, Deglazed LD specimens polished with OF, Glazed TZ specimens (C), Deglazed TZ specimens polished with DT, Deglazed TZ specimens polished with OF. The SR assessed quantitatively by profilometry (Ra and Rz parameter) and qualitatively by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Quantitative data were statistically analysed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, two-way ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc test (α<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>No significant difference found in SR of three glazed ceramic types (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.293 for Ra and <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.473 for Rz). There was no significant difference of Ra between polished and glazed groups (<em>P</em> <!-->&gt;<!--> <!-->0.05). However, difference in Rz was significant (<em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.05), and only TZ specimens could reach to the level of smoothness caused by glazing.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Both diamond polishing systems can efficiently reduce the surface roughness, despite of ceramic type. Optra Fine® system showed a superior performance than Diapol Twist® without significant difference.</div></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><div>In this study only one brand of each ceramic type was investigated.</div><div>This study was approved by Ethical Review Committee (IR.IAU.KHUISF.REC.1401.156).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"22 4","pages":"Article 100923"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142322167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring bracket torque expression: A comparative in vitro study of new self-ligating bracket designs and archwire geometries","authors":"Vincent Thomas ,&nbsp;Gaëlle Dol ,&nbsp;Ziad Tannouri ,&nbsp;Olivier François ,&nbsp;Emmanuel Nicolas ,&nbsp;Delphine Soulier-Peigue ,&nbsp;Marwan El Helou","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100922","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100922","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the torque expression efficiency when it is integrated into the bracket slot versus the bracket base. Additionally, the impact of archwire geometry (rectangular vs. rhomboid) on torque expression has been examined.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>The torque expression was evaluated in a full arch printed maxillary model, focusing on tooth #11, which was positioned within an alveolus filled with Typodont wax. Three different types of brackets were utilized: conventional metallic bracket (Minidiamond™), self-ligating bracket with torque in base (Damon Q2™), and a new self-ligating bracket design with torque in slot (Damon Ultima™). Two variations of archwires were used: rectangular and rhomboid stainless steel, measuring 0.019<!--> <!-->×<!--> <!-->0.025 inches and 0.019<!--> <!-->×<!--> <!-->0.0275 inches, respectively, from ORMCO™. The study included seven groups: six experimental groups and a control group, with 15 measurements in each group, totaling 105 torque measurements. Optical impressions were taken of the tooth's original position and its final position after torque expression. STL files were superimposed using GEOMAGIC software to calculate the percentage of torque expression.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The self-ligating bracket with torque in slot (Damon Ultima™) shows significantly higher torque expression than the self-ligating bracket with torque in base (Damon Q2™) with a rectangular stainless steel archwire (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.00015). The Ultima™ bracket also demonstrates higher torque expression than both the Q2™ and conventional 22° brackets with a rhomboid stainless steel archwire (<em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.003). No significant difference in torque expression was found between the rectangular and rhomboid stainless steel archwires for any bracket group (<em>P</em> <!-->&gt;<!--> <!-->0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The self-ligating bracket with torque in slot shows comparable torque expression effectiveness to the conventional bracket, outperforming the self-ligating bracket with torque in base. Archwire geometry does not significantly impact torque expression.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"22 4","pages":"Article 100922"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1761722724000780/pdfft?md5=e8bcee05c2cd1c9ec41d6248cbbcf6d8&pid=1-s2.0-S1761722724000780-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142312397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of low-intensity electrical current in accelerating the en-masse retraction of the upper anterior teeth following first-premolar extraction in young adult patients with Class II division 1 malocclusion: A randomized controlled clinical trial","authors":"Rashad I. Shaadouh ,&nbsp;Mohammad Y. Hajeer ,&nbsp;Mohammed Adel Awawdeh ,&nbsp;Samer T. Jaber ,&nbsp;Ghiath A. Mahmoud ,&nbsp;Imad-Addin Almasri","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100921","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100921","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Introduction&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Many efforts have been made to shorten fixed appliance orthodontic treatment time by accelerating the rate of tooth movement. Low-intensity electrical stimulation (LIES) is one of the proposed physical methods that has not yet been well studied in the medical literature. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of LIES in accelerating orthodontic tooth movement in cases of en-mass retraction of the upper anterior teeth.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Patients who attended the Department of Orthodontics at the Faculty of Dentistry, University of Damascus, between September 2019 and February 2021, for treatment were carefully checked. All patients who met the eligibility criteria were invited to participate in this RCT. Young adult patients having class II division I malocclusion were equally and randomly assigned into the low-intensity electrical stimulation group (LIES), and traditional en-masse retraction group (TRAD). The mini-implants assisted en-masse retraction technique was used to close the extracted upper first premolar spaces in both groups. NiTi closed coil springs (250&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;g/side) were used. Electrical stimulation of 15-20&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;μA for each tooth was applied on the upper anterior teeth using a recently developed intraorally removable device in the LIES group. The primary outcome was the en-masse retraction rate, the secondary outcomes were changes in the first molar position, intermolar width, and intercanine width. These outcomes were measured on the digital photographs of the maxilla cast using the Image J program. Two-sample t-test with Bonferroni's correction was utilized to explore any significant differences between the two groups in all studied variables.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Of the 168 patients examined by the researcher, 38 patients with Class II division I malocclusion (30 females and 8 males; mean age: 21.1&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;±&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;2.31 years) were finally recruited in this RCT. The overall en-masse retraction rate was significantly greater in the LIES group compared to the TRAD group (1.02&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;±&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.08, 0.73&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;±&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.04&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;mm/month respectively; &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt;!--&gt;&lt;&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.001). In addition, the monthly rate of space closure was significantly greater in this group at all evaluation times (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt;!--&gt;&lt;&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.001). A small increase was noted in the intercanine width (1.60&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;±&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.27, and 1.65&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;±&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.33&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;mm respectively). Negligible changes were noted in the first molar positions and intermolar width, with insignificant differences between the two groups.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;LIES according to the protocol applied in this trial accelerated the upper anterior teeth en-masse retraction rate by approximately 28% compared to the traditional en-masse retraction method. While this acceleration was statistically significant, may not have substantial clin","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"22 4","pages":"Article 100921"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142312308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}