Journal of Medical Ultrasound最新文献

Knowledge of the color Doppler ultrasound (US) characteristics of parotid malignant mucoepidermoid carcinoma and benign basal cell adenoma remains limited. To enhance understanding of these two diseases, we retrospectively analyzed 9 cases of surgically and histopathologically confirmed mucoepidermoid carcinomas and 18 cases of basal cell adenomas. The results revealed that mucoepidermoid carcinomas exhibited irregular and deeply lobulated shapes in 55.5% of cases, ambiguous margins in 88.8%, and punctuate calcifications in 66.7%. In contrast, basal cell adenomas demonstrated regular and shallowly lobulated shapes in 72.2% of cases, clear margins in 100%, and calcifications in only 5.6%. Significant differences were observed in these characteristics between the two tumor types. Therefore, we conclude that the color Doppler US features closely associated with mucoepidermoid carcinoma include deeply lobulated or irregular shapes, ambiguous margins, and punctate calcifications. Recognizing these characteristics can facilitate the differential diagnosis of the two kinds of tumors.

With the rapid advancement and increasing resolution of ultrasound technology, ultrasound has become an indispensable tool in fetal diagnosis and therapy. The concept of "Treating the Fetus as a Patient," first proposed in 2008, has gained increasing attention and has been actively practiced in Europe and the United States since the 1990s. Traditionally, fetal anomalies led to pregnancy termination or postnatal treatment, but recent advancements have made in utero interventions a viable option. As the transparency and accessibility of medical knowledge improve, more families are seeking fetal therapy or surgery as a means of intervention. The development of a comprehensive fetal therapy center at Taipei Chang Gung Memorial Hospital represents a major step forward in Taiwan's capabilities. This paper reviews current techniques, outcomes, and future directions of fetal therapy using ultrasound guidance.

[This corrects the article on p. 154 in vol. 33, PMID: 40521309.].

Background: An increasing number of physicians use ultrasound (US) to evaluate the thyroid. Consequently, many individuals in the general population have been diagnosed with thyroid nodules. However, there has been no systematic review examining the prevalence of incidental thyroid nodules among asymptomatic adults or elucidating the associated factors.

Methods: We searched the MEDLINE and Embase databases to identify studies focused on thyroid incidentaloma observed through the US.

Results: A total of 95,394 adults were enrolled, and 35,971 people were found to have thyroid incidentaloma through the US. The results revealed that the prevalence of incidentaloma was 30.6% (95% confidence interval: 26.3-36.3, I ² = 99%, P < 0.01). The subgroup analysis indicated that the prevalence rates of thyroid incidentaloma were 34% and 23% for females and males, respectively. The prevalence of thyroid incidentaloma was 42% and 20% for individuals aged more than 50-55 and <50-55 years, respectively. The prevalence of thyroid incidentaloma was 60% and 25% for high-frequency (>12 MHz) and low-frequency US, respectively. The majority of thyroid incidentalomas were smaller than one centimeter and had singular nodules.

Conclusion: According to this systematic review and meta-analysis, up to 30% of asymptomatic adults will have thyroid incidentalomas detected by the US. More thyroid incidentalomas were found in women, older people, and those with a higher-frequency US.

Background: Targeting femoral, obturator, and sciatic nerves with an anterior approach is a daunting task. Surface landmarks have been described but with limited success. This feasibility study describes a single-puncture approach to the three nerves in real time under the guidance of a curvilinear probe and investigates the feasibility in the proximal thigh for patients undergoing bicondylar fixation with fractures of the proximal tibia.

Methods: Forty patients with fractures of the proximal tibia planned for a bicolumnar open reduction and fixation with a plate were recruited in this feasibility study. We named this unique approach the "triple nerve injection" (TNI) block. These blocks were injected with 40 mL of 0.2% ropivacaine injected in the vicinity of the branches of the femoral nerve (10 mL), the sciatic nerve (20 mL), and between the adductors targeting the anterior and posterior division of the obturator nerves (5 mL each).

Results: The pain was perceived at a mean of the 12^th h on the medial side as against a mean of the 13^th h on the lateral aspect. The time to rescue analgesia was 12 h. An optimal spread was visualized in 90% of blocks, while the diffusion in 10% of sciatic blocks was inadequate.

Conclusion: A TNI block facilitates a single-puncture and a single-probe placement technique enables a satisfactory visualization of three fascial planes, together with a single needle redirection.