Pub Date : 2023-11-06DOI: 10.1108/jacpr-09-2023-0827
E.P. Abdul Azeez, Dandub Palzor Negi, Tanu Kukreja, Kamini C. Tanwar, M. Surya Kumar, V. Kalyani, Darakhshan Harmain
Purpose Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a prevalent public health issue impacting women’s physical and mental health and psychosocial walks of life across cultures and societies. Despite this, many women continue to stay in such relationships. This study aims to examine, from a constructionist perspective, why women stay in abusive marriages and what factors prevent them from taking appropriate actions. Also, women’s experiences of surviving IPV were explored. Design/methodology/approach Using a descriptive qualitative research method, the authors recruited and interviewed 17 women from northern India. The data were analysed thematically. Findings The underlying themes that emerged in response to the research questions were the lack of family support, societal ideals, the culture of normalizing violence, fear, love and hope and emotional turmoil. The reason for women not to leave abusive marriages corresponds to the broader social constructions of marriage and women’s perceived positions in family and society. Originality/value Research on women’s decision to stay in abusive relationships is limited, especially from the Global South. This study generates fresh evidence on the subject matter, specifically from the Indian context. The study result contributes uniquely by approaching the problem of staying in an abusive relationship from a social constructionist perspective. This study has implications for policy and psychosocial interventions to bring progressive changes in the lives of women experiencing IPV.
{"title":"Why do they decide to stay? Experience of Indian women surviving intimate partner violence","authors":"E.P. Abdul Azeez, Dandub Palzor Negi, Tanu Kukreja, Kamini C. Tanwar, M. Surya Kumar, V. Kalyani, Darakhshan Harmain","doi":"10.1108/jacpr-09-2023-0827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jacpr-09-2023-0827","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a prevalent public health issue impacting women’s physical and mental health and psychosocial walks of life across cultures and societies. Despite this, many women continue to stay in such relationships. This study aims to examine, from a constructionist perspective, why women stay in abusive marriages and what factors prevent them from taking appropriate actions. Also, women’s experiences of surviving IPV were explored. Design/methodology/approach Using a descriptive qualitative research method, the authors recruited and interviewed 17 women from northern India. The data were analysed thematically. Findings The underlying themes that emerged in response to the research questions were the lack of family support, societal ideals, the culture of normalizing violence, fear, love and hope and emotional turmoil. The reason for women not to leave abusive marriages corresponds to the broader social constructions of marriage and women’s perceived positions in family and society. Originality/value Research on women’s decision to stay in abusive relationships is limited, especially from the Global South. This study generates fresh evidence on the subject matter, specifically from the Indian context. The study result contributes uniquely by approaching the problem of staying in an abusive relationship from a social constructionist perspective. This study has implications for policy and psychosocial interventions to bring progressive changes in the lives of women experiencing IPV.","PeriodicalId":45499,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aggression Conflict and Peace Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135584737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.1108/jacpr-09-2023-0825
James M. Honeycutt
Purpose The purpose of this commentary is discuss how musical intervention and imagined interactions can be used to deal with conflict. Music has been called the universal language because of its tonality and rhythm. It affects conflict and aggression and helps people to deal with stress. Research is reviewed showing physiological arousal with background music. The effects of music on aggression are summarized in terms of emotional regulation, catharsis and empathy, and the use of mental imagery in the form of imagined interactions, including relational maintenance catharsis and conflict linkage, is discussed. The incremental sound organizer (ISO) principle of music therapy is discussed as a mechanism to affect emotions while listening to music. Finally, a tool to measure the emotional effect of music on listeners is discussed in terms of the musical mood wheel. Design/methodology/approach This is a commentary on the effects of background music on reducing aggression. Findings Music can reduce aggression, depending on how it is used. Music affects how we manage our emotions, reduces stress, provides catharsis and can be a distracting element. Music can enhance empathic feeling; induce positive moods, social bonding, physiological changes and neurobiological changes; and affect our arousal. Research limitations/implications Music therapy and musical intervention can be applied to conflict resolution. Practical implications The ISO principle of music therapy is designed to deal with changing a person’s emotions as they listen to a medley of music. The mood of the person is measured using a series of scales reflecting a continuum of sadness to happiness, and the music is designed to match the mood of the patient to the music being played and/or listened to, which in turn fosters the achievement of an altered state of consciousness. For example, if you are angry, start with music that is loud and gradually switch to a more tranquil piece of music. “The vectoring power of music is that we change the mood or emotion of persons from one affective pole (joy) to its opposite (anger) through small incremental changes in the rhythm and intensity of the music” (Honeycutt, 2003, p. 82). Social implications Background music in music psychology literature is often referred to as musical intervention. Background music can help us recall positive and negative scenes as the music triggers endorphins in the brain (Salimpoor et al. , 2011). Background music is intended to enhance the surrounding context without drawing significant attention. It is often played in spaces such as restaurants, stores, offices or public places to create a certain mood or ambiance. Originality/value It is important to note that the effectiveness of musical intervention in reducing aggression can vary based on individual preferences, the specific type of music used, and the context in which it is applied. Additionally, while music intervention can play a role in aggression reduction, it i
这篇评论的目的是讨论如何使用音乐干预和想象的互动来处理冲突。音乐因其调性和节奏而被称为世界通用语言。它影响冲突和侵略，帮助人们应对压力。研究回顾了背景音乐对生理唤醒的影响。从情绪调节、宣泄和共情三个方面总结了音乐对攻击行为的影响，并讨论了想象互动形式的心理意象的使用，包括关系维持宣泄和冲突联系。本文讨论了音乐治疗的增量声音组织者(ISO)原则作为一种聆听音乐时影响情绪的机制。最后，从音乐情绪轮的角度探讨了一种测量音乐对听者情绪影响的工具。这是一篇关于背景音乐对减少攻击性的影响的评论。音乐可以减少攻击性，这取决于如何使用它。音乐影响我们管理情绪的方式，减轻压力，提供宣泄，也可能成为分散注意力的因素。音乐可以增强同理心;诱发积极情绪、社会联系、生理变化和神经生物学变化;并影响我们的觉醒。研究局限/启示音乐疗法和音乐干预可以应用于冲突解决。音乐治疗的ISO原则是用来处理一个人在听混合音乐时情绪的变化。病人的情绪是用一系列反映悲伤到快乐的连续尺度来衡量的，音乐的设计是为了使病人的情绪与播放和/或听的音乐相匹配，这反过来又促进了意识状态改变的实现。例如，如果你很生气，从嘈杂的音乐开始，逐渐切换到更安静的音乐。“音乐的矢量力量是，我们通过音乐节奏和强度的微小增量变化，将人们的情绪或情感从一个情感极(喜悦)改变为相反的(愤怒)”(Honeycutt, 2003, p. 82)。背景音乐在音乐心理学文献中通常被称为音乐干预。背景音乐可以帮助我们回忆起积极和消极的场景，因为音乐会触发大脑中的内啡肽(Salimpoor et al.， 2011)。背景音乐的目的是在不引人注意的情况下增强周围的环境。它经常在餐馆、商店、办公室或公共场所播放，以创造某种情绪或氛围。值得注意的是，音乐干预在减少攻击性方面的有效性可能会因个人偏好、所使用的特定音乐类型以及应用音乐的背景而有所不同。此外，虽然音乐干预可以在减少攻击性方面发挥作用，但当作为综合治疗方法的一部分时，它通常是最有效的。
{"title":"Invited commentary on using music intervention and imagined interaction to deal with aggression and conflict","authors":"James M. Honeycutt","doi":"10.1108/jacpr-09-2023-0825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jacpr-09-2023-0825","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose The purpose of this commentary is discuss how musical intervention and imagined interactions can be used to deal with conflict. Music has been called the universal language because of its tonality and rhythm. It affects conflict and aggression and helps people to deal with stress. Research is reviewed showing physiological arousal with background music. The effects of music on aggression are summarized in terms of emotional regulation, catharsis and empathy, and the use of mental imagery in the form of imagined interactions, including relational maintenance catharsis and conflict linkage, is discussed. The incremental sound organizer (ISO) principle of music therapy is discussed as a mechanism to affect emotions while listening to music. Finally, a tool to measure the emotional effect of music on listeners is discussed in terms of the musical mood wheel. Design/methodology/approach This is a commentary on the effects of background music on reducing aggression. Findings Music can reduce aggression, depending on how it is used. Music affects how we manage our emotions, reduces stress, provides catharsis and can be a distracting element. Music can enhance empathic feeling; induce positive moods, social bonding, physiological changes and neurobiological changes; and affect our arousal. Research limitations/implications Music therapy and musical intervention can be applied to conflict resolution. Practical implications The ISO principle of music therapy is designed to deal with changing a person’s emotions as they listen to a medley of music. The mood of the person is measured using a series of scales reflecting a continuum of sadness to happiness, and the music is designed to match the mood of the patient to the music being played and/or listened to, which in turn fosters the achievement of an altered state of consciousness. For example, if you are angry, start with music that is loud and gradually switch to a more tranquil piece of music. “The vectoring power of music is that we change the mood or emotion of persons from one affective pole (joy) to its opposite (anger) through small incremental changes in the rhythm and intensity of the music” (Honeycutt, 2003, p. 82). Social implications Background music in music psychology literature is often referred to as musical intervention. Background music can help us recall positive and negative scenes as the music triggers endorphins in the brain (Salimpoor et al. , 2011). Background music is intended to enhance the surrounding context without drawing significant attention. It is often played in spaces such as restaurants, stores, offices or public places to create a certain mood or ambiance. Originality/value It is important to note that the effectiveness of musical intervention in reducing aggression can vary based on individual preferences, the specific type of music used, and the context in which it is applied. Additionally, while music intervention can play a role in aggression reduction, it i","PeriodicalId":45499,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aggression Conflict and Peace Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135161152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.1108/jacpr-10-2022-0744
John Marc Hamel
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to improve the understanding of how collaboration agreements function and their benefits for the environments where they are implemented. The goal of these initiatives is to bring together in partnerships the actors concerned by domestic violence and coordinate their actions to ensure the safety of persons at risk of intrafamilial homicides through an effective collaboration structure. Design/methodology/approach The synthesis data originates from four research projects research work with the partners of four studied agreements: A-GIR (Arrimage-Groupe d’Intervention Rapide [Rapid Intervention Unit]) in Laval, Alerte-Lanaudière [Lanaudière Alert] in the Lanaudière region, P.H.A.R.E. (Prévention des homicides intrafamiliaux par des Actions Rapides et Engagées [Domestic Homicide Prevention through Rapid and Committed Action]) in South Western Montérégie and the Rabaska Protocol in Abitibi-Témiscamingue. Findings Overall, the interveners agree on the positive impacts resulting from the relationships between the partners, the development of a common expertise and the collective responsibility acting to prevent intrafamilial homicides, while highlighting the challenges met and the essential conditions for the success of these collaboration initiatives. Research limitations/implications Findings are drawn from participants in a particular locale – i.e. French–Canada, and may not entirely apply to other regions and cultures. Additional research should be conducted with similar methodology in other regions of Canada and elsewhere. Practical implications The findings should help in the further development of best practices for IPH prevention and therefore protect potential victims from lethal assaults of domestic violence. Originality/value Few studies have been conducted on how stakeholders involved in IPH prevention actually work together in collaborative efforts, and none, as far as we know, specifically on drawing up formal agreements.
{"title":"The appreciation of the collaboration agreements used to prevent intrafamilial homicides","authors":"John Marc Hamel","doi":"10.1108/jacpr-10-2022-0744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jacpr-10-2022-0744","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose The purpose of this paper is to improve the understanding of how collaboration agreements function and their benefits for the environments where they are implemented. The goal of these initiatives is to bring together in partnerships the actors concerned by domestic violence and coordinate their actions to ensure the safety of persons at risk of intrafamilial homicides through an effective collaboration structure. Design/methodology/approach The synthesis data originates from four research projects research work with the partners of four studied agreements: A-GIR (Arrimage-Groupe d’Intervention Rapide [Rapid Intervention Unit]) in Laval, Alerte-Lanaudière [Lanaudière Alert] in the Lanaudière region, P.H.A.R.E. (Prévention des homicides intrafamiliaux par des Actions Rapides et Engagées [Domestic Homicide Prevention through Rapid and Committed Action]) in South Western Montérégie and the Rabaska Protocol in Abitibi-Témiscamingue. Findings Overall, the interveners agree on the positive impacts resulting from the relationships between the partners, the development of a common expertise and the collective responsibility acting to prevent intrafamilial homicides, while highlighting the challenges met and the essential conditions for the success of these collaboration initiatives. Research limitations/implications Findings are drawn from participants in a particular locale – i.e. French–Canada, and may not entirely apply to other regions and cultures. Additional research should be conducted with similar methodology in other regions of Canada and elsewhere. Practical implications The findings should help in the further development of best practices for IPH prevention and therefore protect potential victims from lethal assaults of domestic violence. Originality/value Few studies have been conducted on how stakeholders involved in IPH prevention actually work together in collaborative efforts, and none, as far as we know, specifically on drawing up formal agreements.","PeriodicalId":45499,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aggression Conflict and Peace Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135161156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-12DOI: 10.1108/jacpr-02-2023-0775
Abubakar Yinusa Muhammed, Waziri B. Adisa, Johnson Ayodele, Olawale James Gbadeyan, Esther Garba
Purpose Conflicts between herders and farmers in Nigeria in the last five years have been destructive to the corporate existence of Nigerian society and the Nigerian State, especially in Northcentral, Northwestern and Southern Nigeria. This paper aims to investigate the relationships between state responses and peace-building in rural grazing communities in Nigeria using a National Survey on Peace-building in Nigeria conducted by this team using a cross-sectional survey of 1,711 farmers and herders. Design/methodology/approach The study adopted the political economy of the herder–farmers conflict in Africa to contextualise the problem. Data generated from the study were analysed using chi-square test and binary logistic regression model. Findings The results showed that protection of victims of herder–farmers conflict ( P = 0.024), blockage of sources of illicit weapons ( P = 0.000), arrest of leaders ( P = 0.043), provision of shelter ( P = 0.030), provision of food ( P = 0.037), protection of women from sexual exploitation and abuse ( P = 0.019) and use of the media were positively related to peace-building in the rural grazing areas. The study further found that when the Federal Government ( ß = 0.452, P = 0.018), State Government ( ß = 0.522, P = 0.018), private individuals ( ß = 0.855, P = 0.000) and cooperative societies ( ß = 0.744, P = 0.021) established ranches, peace was likely to be guaranteed as opposed to where herders ( ß = –0.355, P = 0.029) were allowed to establish ranches in the rural grazing communities in Nigeria implying that the Federal and State Government must be cautious in the implementation of the Livestock Transformation Plans not to create an impression that it is designed to favour the herders. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is original and the paper has not been submitted to any journal.
在过去五年中，尼日利亚牧民和农民之间的冲突对尼日利亚社会和尼日利亚国家的整体存在具有破坏性，特别是在尼日利亚中北部、西北部和南部。本文旨在通过该团队对1711名农民和牧民进行的横断面调查，调查尼日利亚农村放牧社区的国家反应与和平建设之间的关系。这项研究采用了非洲牧民与农民冲突的政治经济学来分析这个问题。研究数据采用卡方检验和二元logistic回归模型进行分析。结果表明，保护牧民冲突受害者(P = 0.024)、封锁非法武器来源(P = 0.000)、逮捕领导人(P = 0.043)、提供住所(P = 0.030)、提供食物(P = 0.037)、保护妇女免受性剥削和性虐待(P = 0.019)和使用媒体与农村牧区和平建设呈正相关。该研究进一步发现，当联邦政府(ß = 0.452, P = 0.018)、州政府(ß = 0.522, P = 0.018)、私人(ß = 0.855, P = 0.000)和合作社(ß = 0.744, P = 0.021)建立牧场时，和平可能得到保障，而牧民(ß = -0.355, P = 0.018)、P = 0.029)被允许在尼日利亚的农村放牧社区建立牧场，这意味着联邦和州政府在实施牲畜转型计划时必须谨慎，不要造成一种旨在有利于牧民的印象。原创性/价值据作者所知，本研究是原创的，论文尚未提交给任何期刊。
{"title":"State responses to herder–farmers conflict and peace-building in rural grazing areas of Nigeria","authors":"Abubakar Yinusa Muhammed, Waziri B. Adisa, Johnson Ayodele, Olawale James Gbadeyan, Esther Garba","doi":"10.1108/jacpr-02-2023-0775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jacpr-02-2023-0775","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose Conflicts between herders and farmers in Nigeria in the last five years have been destructive to the corporate existence of Nigerian society and the Nigerian State, especially in Northcentral, Northwestern and Southern Nigeria. This paper aims to investigate the relationships between state responses and peace-building in rural grazing communities in Nigeria using a National Survey on Peace-building in Nigeria conducted by this team using a cross-sectional survey of 1,711 farmers and herders. Design/methodology/approach The study adopted the political economy of the herder–farmers conflict in Africa to contextualise the problem. Data generated from the study were analysed using chi-square test and binary logistic regression model. Findings The results showed that protection of victims of herder–farmers conflict ( P = 0.024), blockage of sources of illicit weapons ( P = 0.000), arrest of leaders ( P = 0.043), provision of shelter ( P = 0.030), provision of food ( P = 0.037), protection of women from sexual exploitation and abuse ( P = 0.019) and use of the media were positively related to peace-building in the rural grazing areas. The study further found that when the Federal Government ( ß = 0.452, P = 0.018), State Government ( ß = 0.522, P = 0.018), private individuals ( ß = 0.855, P = 0.000) and cooperative societies ( ß = 0.744, P = 0.021) established ranches, peace was likely to be guaranteed as opposed to where herders ( ß = –0.355, P = 0.029) were allowed to establish ranches in the rural grazing communities in Nigeria implying that the Federal and State Government must be cautious in the implementation of the Livestock Transformation Plans not to create an impression that it is designed to favour the herders. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is original and the paper has not been submitted to any journal.","PeriodicalId":45499,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aggression Conflict and Peace Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135825609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-14DOI: 10.1108/jacpr-03-2023-0788
A. Griffin, R. Worthington
Purpose Social psychology has focused on an individual’s reaction to emergencies and witnessing a crime, which has developed theories of bystander intervention and bystander apathy. The purpose of this study is to explore why people choose to intervene when they are a bystander to intimate partner violence (IPV) and the psychological processes that underpin this. Decision-making was explored drawing on literature from the whistleblowing field. Design/methodology/approach Through a mixed methods epistemology, this study explored factors that explained intervening behaviour concerning IPV. In total, 212 participants who had known someone who was a victim of IPV were recruited from the general population. Findings A logistic regression model indicated that conscientiousness and fairness were found to predict intervening behaviour. Being a child witness was found to predict non-intervening behaviour. Qualitative analysis revealed three types of bystander apathy: those who lacked capability as they were children; those who were indifferent and did not see it as their place to intervene; and those who wanted to intervene but did not as they were frightened of exacerbating the situation. Practical implications IPV has significant physical and psychological effects on victims. However, the choice to intervene is complex, and bystander intervention in this study was also associated in some cases with not only a continuation of the IPV behaviour towards the victim but also aggression and physical violence towards the bystander (whistleblower retaliation). Based on the findings of this study, recommendations are made for how to support bystanders and victims of IPV. Originality/value This study involved participants with real-life experience of being a bystander to IPV. The mixed methodology provided an insight into the psychological processes, which underpin bystander experiences of IPV and maps onto the literature in relation to whistleblowing.
{"title":"To stay silent or to blow the whistle? Bystander’s intervening acts when witnessing intimate partner violence (IPV)","authors":"A. Griffin, R. Worthington","doi":"10.1108/jacpr-03-2023-0788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jacpr-03-2023-0788","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000Social psychology has focused on an individual’s reaction to emergencies and witnessing a crime, which has developed theories of bystander intervention and bystander apathy. The purpose of this study is to explore why people choose to intervene when they are a bystander to intimate partner violence (IPV) and the psychological processes that underpin this. Decision-making was explored drawing on literature from the whistleblowing field.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000Through a mixed methods epistemology, this study explored factors that explained intervening behaviour concerning IPV. In total, 212 participants who had known someone who was a victim of IPV were recruited from the general population.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000A logistic regression model indicated that conscientiousness and fairness were found to predict intervening behaviour. Being a child witness was found to predict non-intervening behaviour. Qualitative analysis revealed three types of bystander apathy: those who lacked capability as they were children; those who were indifferent and did not see it as their place to intervene; and those who wanted to intervene but did not as they were frightened of exacerbating the situation.\u0000\u0000\u0000Practical implications\u0000IPV has significant physical and psychological effects on victims. However, the choice to intervene is complex, and bystander intervention in this study was also associated in some cases with not only a continuation of the IPV behaviour towards the victim but also aggression and physical violence towards the bystander (whistleblower retaliation). Based on the findings of this study, recommendations are made for how to support bystanders and victims of IPV.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000This study involved participants with real-life experience of being a bystander to IPV. The mixed methodology provided an insight into the psychological processes, which underpin bystander experiences of IPV and maps onto the literature in relation to whistleblowing.\u0000","PeriodicalId":45499,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aggression Conflict and Peace Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48550199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-18DOI: 10.1108/jacpr-11-2022-0755
H. Kahraman, Dilara Kına
Purpose Collective political traumas emerge from human behavior as a result of political motivation. These events include destructive and intense violence that disrupt the biopsychosocial processes of people in general. A study was conducted on individuals involved in the conflict between the Kurds in southeastern Turkey and security forces. This study aims to determine whether perceived social support, assumptions about the world, psychological resilience and psychological symptoms predict post-traumatic growth (PTG). In addition, the study examines whether differences existed between the participants’ PTG and the four cited variables according to the type of trauma and major sociodemographic variables. Design/methodology/approach This study recruited 324 individuals who completed the PTG Inventory, Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale, World Assumption Scale, Brief Psychological Resilience Scale and Symptom Checklist-90-R Symptom Screening List. Data were analyzed using regression analysis, ANOVA and t-test for independent groups. Findings Analysis revealed that assumptions about the world, perceived social support and level of psychological symptoms significantly predicted PTG level. The level of psychological symptoms was significantly higher among individuals exposed than those not exposed to prison. Moreover, participants with low levels of education and income displayed low levels of social support and psychological resilience but high levels of psychological symptoms. When working with victims of collective political trauma, the fact that people who are exposed to prison and torture experience and those with low socioeconomic levels pose serious risks in terms of psychological problems must be considered. Originality/value This research is important because it collects data on the effects of collective political traumas.
{"title":"Psychological effects of collective political traumas and post-traumatic growth","authors":"H. Kahraman, Dilara Kına","doi":"10.1108/jacpr-11-2022-0755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jacpr-11-2022-0755","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000Collective political traumas emerge from human behavior as a result of political motivation. These events include destructive and intense violence that disrupt the biopsychosocial processes of people in general. A study was conducted on individuals involved in the conflict between the Kurds in southeastern Turkey and security forces. This study aims to determine whether perceived social support, assumptions about the world, psychological resilience and psychological symptoms predict post-traumatic growth (PTG). In addition, the study examines whether differences existed between the participants’ PTG and the four cited variables according to the type of trauma and major sociodemographic variables.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000This study recruited 324 individuals who completed the PTG Inventory, Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale, World Assumption Scale, Brief Psychological Resilience Scale and Symptom Checklist-90-R Symptom Screening List. Data were analyzed using regression analysis, ANOVA and t-test for independent groups.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000Analysis revealed that assumptions about the world, perceived social support and level of psychological symptoms significantly predicted PTG level. The level of psychological symptoms was significantly higher among individuals exposed than those not exposed to prison. Moreover, participants with low levels of education and income displayed low levels of social support and psychological resilience but high levels of psychological symptoms. When working with victims of collective political trauma, the fact that people who are exposed to prison and torture experience and those with low socioeconomic levels pose serious risks in terms of psychological problems must be considered.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000This research is important because it collects data on the effects of collective political traumas.\u0000","PeriodicalId":45499,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aggression Conflict and Peace Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44551562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-11DOI: 10.1108/jacpr-03-2023-0787
G. Myers, Christopher Kowal
Purpose Violence toward frontline health-care workers (HCWs) from patients and visitors is a pervasive issue that ranges from verbal and psychological abuse to physical assault. The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic has led to increased reports of escalated verbal workplace aggressions (VWPAs); however, most studies have been conducted internationally. Studies based in the USA have focused on physical violence experienced by nurses and paramedics in emergency situations. The purpose of this study is to learn about the experiences of different levels of frontline HCWs with VWPA from patients and visitors and discover ways to address this issue. Design/methodology/approach This qualitative descriptive study asked registered nurses, licensed practical nurses and patient care technicians from one health-care system about their experiences with patient and visitor VWPA using an anonymous, voluntary open-ended survey and in-person interviews. In all, 31 participants completed the survey and 2 were interviewed. Data were analyzed using content analysis. Findings Three themes emerged from the data: the experience, moving through and moving forward. Frontline HCWs described experiences of VWPA, indicating its forms, frequency and conditions. They used coping, along with personal and professional measures, to manage and move through the situation. Moving forward was captured as suggestions for the future and conveyed hope for a perfect state. Originality/value The experiences of frontline HCWs offered insight into how they perceive and cope with difficult encounters. Recommendations relate to not only implementing interventions that support frontline HCWs but also creating a culture where aggression is not tolerated and addressing perpetrator behavior is a priority.
{"title":"Patient and visitor verbal aggression toward frontline health-care workers: a qualitative study of experiences and potential solutions","authors":"G. Myers, Christopher Kowal","doi":"10.1108/jacpr-03-2023-0787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jacpr-03-2023-0787","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000Violence toward frontline health-care workers (HCWs) from patients and visitors is a pervasive issue that ranges from verbal and psychological abuse to physical assault. The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic has led to increased reports of escalated verbal workplace aggressions (VWPAs); however, most studies have been conducted internationally. Studies based in the USA have focused on physical violence experienced by nurses and paramedics in emergency situations. The purpose of this study is to learn about the experiences of different levels of frontline HCWs with VWPA from patients and visitors and discover ways to address this issue.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000This qualitative descriptive study asked registered nurses, licensed practical nurses and patient care technicians from one health-care system about their experiences with patient and visitor VWPA using an anonymous, voluntary open-ended survey and in-person interviews. In all, 31 participants completed the survey and 2 were interviewed. Data were analyzed using content analysis.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000Three themes emerged from the data: the experience, moving through and moving forward. Frontline HCWs described experiences of VWPA, indicating its forms, frequency and conditions. They used coping, along with personal and professional measures, to manage and move through the situation. Moving forward was captured as suggestions for the future and conveyed hope for a perfect state.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000The experiences of frontline HCWs offered insight into how they perceive and cope with difficult encounters. Recommendations relate to not only implementing interventions that support frontline HCWs but also creating a culture where aggression is not tolerated and addressing perpetrator behavior is a priority.\u0000","PeriodicalId":45499,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aggression Conflict and Peace Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45133433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.1108/jacpr-08-2022-0740
R. Hill, Sarah Pardue-Bourgeois, Kaylee M Perkins, Zain Hussain
Purpose Suicidal ideation (SI) is a serious public health concern among youth and young adults in the USA. It is critical to evaluate potential risk and protective factors associated with SI among young adults to develop prevention strategies that target novel mechanistic outcomes. Design/methodology/approach This study sought to evaluate the association between negative social exchange (NSE) and SI via the framework of the interpersonal theory of suicide. Participants were a diverse sample of N = 243 college students, with a mean age of 19.98 years (SD = 3.15). Participants were predominantly female (68.3%) and Hispanic/Latinx (39.5%), white (21.4%) or multiracial/multiethnic (24.3%). Participants completed survey measures to assess each of the constructs of interest. Findings Results indicated a significant indirect effect from NSE to SI via perceived burdensomeness, but not thwarted belongingness. Originality/value While individual-level interventions target emotional reactivity and managing emotional responses, larger public health–focused interventions on campus may wish to target reductions in NSE on campus. Future work should evaluate these associations using longitudinal study designs to further evaluate the statistical models.
{"title":"Examining the relationship between negative social exchange and suicidal ideation: the role of thwarted interpersonal needs","authors":"R. Hill, Sarah Pardue-Bourgeois, Kaylee M Perkins, Zain Hussain","doi":"10.1108/jacpr-08-2022-0740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jacpr-08-2022-0740","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000Suicidal ideation (SI) is a serious public health concern among youth and young adults in the USA. It is critical to evaluate potential risk and protective factors associated with SI among young adults to develop prevention strategies that target novel mechanistic outcomes.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000This study sought to evaluate the association between negative social exchange (NSE) and SI via the framework of the interpersonal theory of suicide. Participants were a diverse sample of N = 243 college students, with a mean age of 19.98 years (SD = 3.15). Participants were predominantly female (68.3%) and Hispanic/Latinx (39.5%), white (21.4%) or multiracial/multiethnic (24.3%). Participants completed survey measures to assess each of the constructs of interest.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000Results indicated a significant indirect effect from NSE to SI via perceived burdensomeness, but not thwarted belongingness.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000While individual-level interventions target emotional reactivity and managing emotional responses, larger public health–focused interventions on campus may wish to target reductions in NSE on campus. Future work should evaluate these associations using longitudinal study designs to further evaluate the statistical models.\u0000","PeriodicalId":45499,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aggression Conflict and Peace Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45906658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-08DOI: 10.1108/jacpr-12-2022-0765
E. Esho
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine peace as a paradigm for promoting peace culture. Design/methodology/approach The paper amalgamates paradigmatic concepts, insights and analytical writing while building on existing literature. Findings The findings of this research suggest that the paradigm of peace can be used as a model to promote peace culture and harmony in the 21st century, which is characterized by “hyper” and “super” diversity. Diversity is everywhere, including schools, workplaces and marketplaces. Diversity is very complex and encompasses nearly every element of human life. Diversity should not only be based on the race, culture, ethnicity, religion or gender of an individual. Diversity should be based on the uniqueness of an individual. The fact that we live in a diverse world does not mean that we cannot coexist harmoniously. This paper explores the paradigm of peace research by focusing on how it enhances peace culture to thrive amidst diversity. This study also illustrates that peace and conflict studies cannot be restricted to the resolution of war, violence and conflict. It can likewise aid us in addressing cultural, racial, religious and ethnic concerns. In addition, this research demonstrates that encouraging positive peace (and discouraging negative peace) can be used as a deterrent against violence, including war and conflict. Furthermore, this paper demonstrates the significance of personal peace and some other types of peace. It demonstrates that inner peace combined with external peace yields personal peace. Therefore, an individual may not be able to enjoy the holistic values of personal peace without inner and external peace. Also, this research indicates that encouraging a daily culture of peace can assist us in becoming quotidian agents of peace. Originality/value Most publications focused on peace and conflict but made no connection between peace and culture. In addition, the majority of publications did not discuss peace as a paradigm that can aid in promoting a culture of peace and nonviolence. In addition, most papers did not link peace culture with diversity. Moreover, the majority of studies did not connect peace with the environment. This study addresses these gaps by introducing peace as a paradigm for fostering a culture of peace amidst diversity in the 21st century. This paper introduces peace as a paradigm for promoting nonviolence, peace culture and harmony. This study also emphasizes the need for environmental peace, thereby increasing awareness of the problems that affect the planet. This study also includes a discussion of positive and negative peace, as well as other definitions and viewpoints of peace. It also underlines the importance of establishing positive peace. This paper can be used as an introductory pathway to understanding the intriguing aspect of peace that fosters a peace culture if practiced adequately and why a peace culture is important in a world of diversity.
{"title":"The paradigm of peace enhancing peace culture","authors":"E. Esho","doi":"10.1108/jacpr-12-2022-0765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jacpr-12-2022-0765","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000The purpose of this paper is to examine peace as a paradigm for promoting peace culture.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000The paper amalgamates paradigmatic concepts, insights and analytical writing while building on existing literature.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The findings of this research suggest that the paradigm of peace can be used as a model to promote peace culture and harmony in the 21st century, which is characterized by “hyper” and “super” diversity. Diversity is everywhere, including schools, workplaces and marketplaces. Diversity is very complex and encompasses nearly every element of human life. Diversity should not only be based on the race, culture, ethnicity, religion or gender of an individual. Diversity should be based on the uniqueness of an individual. The fact that we live in a diverse world does not mean that we cannot coexist harmoniously. This paper explores the paradigm of peace research by focusing on how it enhances peace culture to thrive amidst diversity. This study also illustrates that peace and conflict studies cannot be restricted to the resolution of war, violence and conflict. It can likewise aid us in addressing cultural, racial, religious and ethnic concerns. In addition, this research demonstrates that encouraging positive peace (and discouraging negative peace) can be used as a deterrent against violence, including war and conflict. Furthermore, this paper demonstrates the significance of personal peace and some other types of peace. It demonstrates that inner peace combined with external peace yields personal peace. Therefore, an individual may not be able to enjoy the holistic values of personal peace without inner and external peace. Also, this research indicates that encouraging a daily culture of peace can assist us in becoming quotidian agents of peace.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000Most publications focused on peace and conflict but made no connection between peace and culture. In addition, the majority of publications did not discuss peace as a paradigm that can aid in promoting a culture of peace and nonviolence. In addition, most papers did not link peace culture with diversity. Moreover, the majority of studies did not connect peace with the environment. This study addresses these gaps by introducing peace as a paradigm for fostering a culture of peace amidst diversity in the 21st century. This paper introduces peace as a paradigm for promoting nonviolence, peace culture and harmony. This study also emphasizes the need for environmental peace, thereby increasing awareness of the problems that affect the planet. This study also includes a discussion of positive and negative peace, as well as other definitions and viewpoints of peace. It also underlines the importance of establishing positive peace. This paper can be used as an introductory pathway to understanding the intriguing aspect of peace that fosters a peace culture if practiced adequately and why a peace culture is important in a world of diversity.\u0000","PeriodicalId":45499,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aggression Conflict and Peace Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49551252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-08DOI: 10.1108/jacpr-12-2022-0766
Kudakwashe Chirambwi
Purpose It is assumed that fieldwork experiential learning on constraints of survey and ethnography research orientations in investigating armed conflict in Africa can contribute to the body of knowledge and help practitioners as well as other researchers working in difficult situations, such as war zones. More importantly, this paper aims to understand significant problems in Southern Africa, further methodological debates and produce new frontiers of knowledge in Southern African research studies. This paper will help other researchers who will be planning to conduct research in ongoing war-torn zones to be flexible with mixed research methodologies and data collection techniques that can ensure not only reliability and validity of the data but also, and more importantly, greater generalizability of this study. Design/methodology/approach This research in Cabo was initially guided by survey and ethnographic approaches. After facing constraints in their use in investigating the complexity of new wars, the author developed and shifted to interpretivism methodology as an alternative. It is essential that researchers be sensitive to the tensions between survey and ethnography methodologies and how they can be a mismatch to the research purpose. Findings The fieldwork experiences, using standardised survey and ethnography research orientations in Gabo, show that there is no generally appropriate blueprint of how to conduct research in violent conflicts. The valorised survey and ethnographic research strategies were not closely matched to facilitate understanding of the complexity of hybrid armed actors, indiscriminate and targeted violence which combined to militate against data generation. In the face of these problems, the author developed a new methodology, interpretivism, which embedded the descriptive, explanatory and predictive approaches. In tumultuous contexts, the standardised methodologies prioritize data generation more than critical thinking. Originality/value It is essential to study the nature of African armed conflicts by combining creativity and flexibility in the selection of research strategies. The constraints on peace research in war-torn situations in Cabo Delgado, Mozambique, have laid out the weaknesses of peacetime research methodologies, including survey research and ethnographic approaches. Now is the time to reassess fieldwork-based research particularly in violent settings.
{"title":"Constraints on peace research in war-torn situations: Cabo Delgado, Mozambique","authors":"Kudakwashe Chirambwi","doi":"10.1108/jacpr-12-2022-0766","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jacpr-12-2022-0766","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000It is assumed that fieldwork experiential learning on constraints of survey and ethnography research orientations in investigating armed conflict in Africa can contribute to the body of knowledge and help practitioners as well as other researchers working in difficult situations, such as war zones. More importantly, this paper aims to understand significant problems in Southern Africa, further methodological debates and produce new frontiers of knowledge in Southern African research studies. This paper will help other researchers who will be planning to conduct research in ongoing war-torn zones to be flexible with mixed research methodologies and data collection techniques that can ensure not only reliability and validity of the data but also, and more importantly, greater generalizability of this study.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000This research in Cabo was initially guided by survey and ethnographic approaches. After facing constraints in their use in investigating the complexity of new wars, the author developed and shifted to interpretivism methodology as an alternative. It is essential that researchers be sensitive to the tensions between survey and ethnography methodologies and how they can be a mismatch to the research purpose.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The fieldwork experiences, using standardised survey and ethnography research orientations in Gabo, show that there is no generally appropriate blueprint of how to conduct research in violent conflicts. The valorised survey and ethnographic research strategies were not closely matched to facilitate understanding of the complexity of hybrid armed actors, indiscriminate and targeted violence which combined to militate against data generation. In the face of these problems, the author developed a new methodology, interpretivism, which embedded the descriptive, explanatory and predictive approaches. In tumultuous contexts, the standardised methodologies prioritize data generation more than critical thinking.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000It is essential to study the nature of African armed conflicts by combining creativity and flexibility in the selection of research strategies. The constraints on peace research in war-torn situations in Cabo Delgado, Mozambique, have laid out the weaknesses of peacetime research methodologies, including survey research and ethnographic approaches. Now is the time to reassess fieldwork-based research particularly in violent settings.\u0000","PeriodicalId":45499,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aggression Conflict and Peace Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48600611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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