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Why do they decide to stay? Experience of Indian women surviving intimate partner violence 他们为什么决定留下来?印度妇女在亲密伴侣暴力中幸存的经验
Q4 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-11-06 DOI: 10.1108/jacpr-09-2023-0827
E.P. Abdul Azeez, Dandub Palzor Negi, Tanu Kukreja, Kamini C. Tanwar, M. Surya Kumar, V. Kalyani, Darakhshan Harmain
Purpose Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a prevalent public health issue impacting women’s physical and mental health and psychosocial walks of life across cultures and societies. Despite this, many women continue to stay in such relationships. This study aims to examine, from a constructionist perspective, why women stay in abusive marriages and what factors prevent them from taking appropriate actions. Also, women’s experiences of surviving IPV were explored. Design/methodology/approach Using a descriptive qualitative research method, the authors recruited and interviewed 17 women from northern India. The data were analysed thematically. Findings The underlying themes that emerged in response to the research questions were the lack of family support, societal ideals, the culture of normalizing violence, fear, love and hope and emotional turmoil. The reason for women not to leave abusive marriages corresponds to the broader social constructions of marriage and women’s perceived positions in family and society. Originality/value Research on women’s decision to stay in abusive relationships is limited, especially from the Global South. This study generates fresh evidence on the subject matter, specifically from the Indian context. The study result contributes uniquely by approaching the problem of staying in an abusive relationship from a social constructionist perspective. This study has implications for policy and psychosocial interventions to bring progressive changes in the lives of women experiencing IPV.
亲密伴侣暴力是一个普遍存在的公共卫生问题,影响着各种文化和社会中妇女的身心健康和社会心理生活阶层。尽管如此,许多女性还是继续维持这种关系。本研究旨在从建构主义的角度,检视女性为何会留在受虐婚姻中,以及有哪些因素阻碍她们采取适当的行动。此外,还探讨了女性在IPV中的生存经历。采用描述性定性研究方法,作者从印度北部招募并采访了17名妇女。对数据进行了专题分析。在回答研究问题时出现的潜在主题是缺乏家庭支持、社会理想、暴力正常化的文化、恐惧、爱和希望以及情感动荡。妇女不离开虐待婚姻的原因与婚姻的更广泛的社会结构和妇女在家庭和社会中的地位是一致的。独创性/价值关于女性决定留在虐待关系中的研究是有限的,尤其是来自全球南方的研究。这项研究为这一主题提供了新的证据,特别是来自印度的证据。该研究结果从社会建构主义的角度探讨了虐待关系中的问题。这项研究对政策和社会心理干预具有启示意义,可以逐步改变经历IPV的妇女的生活。
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引用次数: 0
Invited commentary on using music intervention and imagined interaction to deal with aggression and conflict 邀请评论使用音乐干预和想象互动来处理侵略和冲突
Q4 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1108/jacpr-09-2023-0825
James M. Honeycutt
Purpose The purpose of this commentary is discuss how musical intervention and imagined interactions can be used to deal with conflict. Music has been called the universal language because of its tonality and rhythm. It affects conflict and aggression and helps people to deal with stress. Research is reviewed showing physiological arousal with background music. The effects of music on aggression are summarized in terms of emotional regulation, catharsis and empathy, and the use of mental imagery in the form of imagined interactions, including relational maintenance catharsis and conflict linkage, is discussed. The incremental sound organizer (ISO) principle of music therapy is discussed as a mechanism to affect emotions while listening to music. Finally, a tool to measure the emotional effect of music on listeners is discussed in terms of the musical mood wheel. Design/methodology/approach This is a commentary on the effects of background music on reducing aggression. Findings Music can reduce aggression, depending on how it is used. Music affects how we manage our emotions, reduces stress, provides catharsis and can be a distracting element. Music can enhance empathic feeling; induce positive moods, social bonding, physiological changes and neurobiological changes; and affect our arousal. Research limitations/implications Music therapy and musical intervention can be applied to conflict resolution. Practical implications The ISO principle of music therapy is designed to deal with changing a person’s emotions as they listen to a medley of music. The mood of the person is measured using a series of scales reflecting a continuum of sadness to happiness, and the music is designed to match the mood of the patient to the music being played and/or listened to, which in turn fosters the achievement of an altered state of consciousness. For example, if you are angry, start with music that is loud and gradually switch to a more tranquil piece of music. “The vectoring power of music is that we change the mood or emotion of persons from one affective pole (joy) to its opposite (anger) through small incremental changes in the rhythm and intensity of the music” (Honeycutt, 2003, p. 82). Social implications Background music in music psychology literature is often referred to as musical intervention. Background music can help us recall positive and negative scenes as the music triggers endorphins in the brain (Salimpoor et al. , 2011). Background music is intended to enhance the surrounding context without drawing significant attention. It is often played in spaces such as restaurants, stores, offices or public places to create a certain mood or ambiance. Originality/value It is important to note that the effectiveness of musical intervention in reducing aggression can vary based on individual preferences, the specific type of music used, and the context in which it is applied. Additionally, while music intervention can play a role in aggression reduction, it i
这篇评论的目的是讨论如何使用音乐干预和想象的互动来处理冲突。音乐因其调性和节奏而被称为世界通用语言。它影响冲突和侵略,帮助人们应对压力。研究回顾了背景音乐对生理唤醒的影响。从情绪调节、宣泄和共情三个方面总结了音乐对攻击行为的影响,并讨论了想象互动形式的心理意象的使用,包括关系维持宣泄和冲突联系。本文讨论了音乐治疗的增量声音组织者(ISO)原则作为一种聆听音乐时影响情绪的机制。最后,从音乐情绪轮的角度探讨了一种测量音乐对听者情绪影响的工具。这是一篇关于背景音乐对减少攻击性的影响的评论。音乐可以减少攻击性,这取决于如何使用它。音乐影响我们管理情绪的方式,减轻压力,提供宣泄,也可能成为分散注意力的因素。音乐可以增强同理心;诱发积极情绪、社会联系、生理变化和神经生物学变化;并影响我们的觉醒。研究局限/启示音乐疗法和音乐干预可以应用于冲突解决。音乐治疗的ISO原则是用来处理一个人在听混合音乐时情绪的变化。病人的情绪是用一系列反映悲伤到快乐的连续尺度来衡量的,音乐的设计是为了使病人的情绪与播放和/或听的音乐相匹配,这反过来又促进了意识状态改变的实现。例如,如果你很生气,从嘈杂的音乐开始,逐渐切换到更安静的音乐。“音乐的矢量力量是,我们通过音乐节奏和强度的微小增量变化,将人们的情绪或情感从一个情感极(喜悦)改变为相反的(愤怒)”(Honeycutt, 2003, p. 82)。背景音乐在音乐心理学文献中通常被称为音乐干预。背景音乐可以帮助我们回忆起积极和消极的场景,因为音乐会触发大脑中的内啡肽(Salimpoor et al., 2011)。背景音乐的目的是在不引人注意的情况下增强周围的环境。它经常在餐馆、商店、办公室或公共场所播放,以创造某种情绪或氛围。值得注意的是,音乐干预在减少攻击性方面的有效性可能会因个人偏好、所使用的特定音乐类型以及应用音乐的背景而有所不同。此外,虽然音乐干预可以在减少攻击性方面发挥作用,但当作为综合治疗方法的一部分时,它通常是最有效的。
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引用次数: 0
The appreciation of the collaboration agreements used to prevent intrafamilial homicides 赞赏用于防止家庭内部杀人的合作协议
Q4 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1108/jacpr-10-2022-0744
John Marc Hamel
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to improve the understanding of how collaboration agreements function and their benefits for the environments where they are implemented. The goal of these initiatives is to bring together in partnerships the actors concerned by domestic violence and coordinate their actions to ensure the safety of persons at risk of intrafamilial homicides through an effective collaboration structure. Design/methodology/approach The synthesis data originates from four research projects research work with the partners of four studied agreements: A-GIR (Arrimage-Groupe d’Intervention Rapide [Rapid Intervention Unit]) in Laval, Alerte-Lanaudière [Lanaudière Alert] in the Lanaudière region, P.H.A.R.E. (Prévention des homicides intrafamiliaux par des Actions Rapides et Engagées [Domestic Homicide Prevention through Rapid and Committed Action]) in South Western Montérégie and the Rabaska Protocol in Abitibi-Témiscamingue. Findings Overall, the interveners agree on the positive impacts resulting from the relationships between the partners, the development of a common expertise and the collective responsibility acting to prevent intrafamilial homicides, while highlighting the challenges met and the essential conditions for the success of these collaboration initiatives. Research limitations/implications Findings are drawn from participants in a particular locale – i.e. French–Canada, and may not entirely apply to other regions and cultures. Additional research should be conducted with similar methodology in other regions of Canada and elsewhere. Practical implications The findings should help in the further development of best practices for IPH prevention and therefore protect potential victims from lethal assaults of domestic violence. Originality/value Few studies have been conducted on how stakeholders involved in IPH prevention actually work together in collaborative efforts, and none, as far as we know, specifically on drawing up formal agreements.
本文的目的是提高对协作协议如何发挥作用及其对实现协作协议的环境的好处的理解。这些倡议的目标是使与家庭暴力有关的行为者结成伙伴关系,并协调他们的行动,通过有效的合作结构确保有家庭内部杀人危险的人的安全。设计/方法/方法综合数据来自四个研究项目研究工作与四个研究协议的合作伙伴:在拉瓦尔建立了A-GIR(快速干预小组),在拉瓦尔地区建立了alerte - lanaudiires(快速干预小组),在蒙特州西南部建立了P.H.A.R.E.(通过快速和坚定的行动预防家庭凶杀),并在阿比提比-萨梅斯camingue建立了《拉巴卡议定书》。总体而言,参与人员一致认为,合作伙伴之间的关系、共同专业知识的发展和防止家庭内部杀人的集体责任所产生的积极影响,同时强调了这些合作倡议所面临的挑战和成功的必要条件。研究局限/影响研究结果来自特定地区的参与者-即法裔加拿大,可能并不完全适用于其他地区和文化。应在加拿大其他区域和其他地方以类似的方法进行进一步的研究。实际意义研究结果应有助于进一步制定预防IPH的最佳做法,从而保护潜在受害者免受家庭暴力的致命攻击。关于IPH预防的利益相关者如何在合作努力中实际合作的研究很少,据我们所知,也没有专门针对起草正式协议的研究。
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引用次数: 0
State responses to herder–farmers conflict and peace-building in rural grazing areas of Nigeria 尼日利亚农村牧区对牧民冲突和和平建设的国家应对
Q4 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-09-12 DOI: 10.1108/jacpr-02-2023-0775
Abubakar Yinusa Muhammed, Waziri B. Adisa, Johnson Ayodele, Olawale James Gbadeyan, Esther Garba
Purpose Conflicts between herders and farmers in Nigeria in the last five years have been destructive to the corporate existence of Nigerian society and the Nigerian State, especially in Northcentral, Northwestern and Southern Nigeria. This paper aims to investigate the relationships between state responses and peace-building in rural grazing communities in Nigeria using a National Survey on Peace-building in Nigeria conducted by this team using a cross-sectional survey of 1,711 farmers and herders. Design/methodology/approach The study adopted the political economy of the herder–farmers conflict in Africa to contextualise the problem. Data generated from the study were analysed using chi-square test and binary logistic regression model. Findings The results showed that protection of victims of herder–farmers conflict ( P = 0.024), blockage of sources of illicit weapons ( P = 0.000), arrest of leaders ( P = 0.043), provision of shelter ( P = 0.030), provision of food ( P = 0.037), protection of women from sexual exploitation and abuse ( P = 0.019) and use of the media were positively related to peace-building in the rural grazing areas. The study further found that when the Federal Government ( ß = 0.452, P = 0.018), State Government ( ß = 0.522, P = 0.018), private individuals ( ß = 0.855, P = 0.000) and cooperative societies ( ß = 0.744, P = 0.021) established ranches, peace was likely to be guaranteed as opposed to where herders ( ß = –0.355, P = 0.029) were allowed to establish ranches in the rural grazing communities in Nigeria implying that the Federal and State Government must be cautious in the implementation of the Livestock Transformation Plans not to create an impression that it is designed to favour the herders. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is original and the paper has not been submitted to any journal.
在过去五年中,尼日利亚牧民和农民之间的冲突对尼日利亚社会和尼日利亚国家的整体存在具有破坏性,特别是在尼日利亚中北部、西北部和南部。本文旨在通过该团队对1711名农民和牧民进行的横断面调查,调查尼日利亚农村放牧社区的国家反应与和平建设之间的关系。这项研究采用了非洲牧民与农民冲突的政治经济学来分析这个问题。研究数据采用卡方检验和二元logistic回归模型进行分析。结果表明,保护牧民冲突受害者(P = 0.024)、封锁非法武器来源(P = 0.000)、逮捕领导人(P = 0.043)、提供住所(P = 0.030)、提供食物(P = 0.037)、保护妇女免受性剥削和性虐待(P = 0.019)和使用媒体与农村牧区和平建设呈正相关。该研究进一步发现,当联邦政府(ß = 0.452, P = 0.018)、州政府(ß = 0.522, P = 0.018)、私人(ß = 0.855, P = 0.000)和合作社(ß = 0.744, P = 0.021)建立牧场时,和平可能得到保障,而牧民(ß = -0.355, P = 0.018)、P = 0.029)被允许在尼日利亚的农村放牧社区建立牧场,这意味着联邦和州政府在实施牲畜转型计划时必须谨慎,不要造成一种旨在有利于牧民的印象。原创性/价值据作者所知,本研究是原创的,论文尚未提交给任何期刊。
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引用次数: 0
To stay silent or to blow the whistle? Bystander’s intervening acts when witnessing intimate partner violence (IPV) 保持沉默还是告密?旁观者在目睹亲密伴侣暴力(IPV)时的干预行为
IF 0.8 Q4 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-08-14 DOI: 10.1108/jacpr-03-2023-0788
A. Griffin, R. Worthington
PurposeSocial psychology has focused on an individual’s reaction to emergencies and witnessing a crime, which has developed theories of bystander intervention and bystander apathy. The purpose of this study is to explore why people choose to intervene when they are a bystander to intimate partner violence (IPV) and the psychological processes that underpin this. Decision-making was explored drawing on literature from the whistleblowing field.Design/methodology/approachThrough a mixed methods epistemology, this study explored factors that explained intervening behaviour concerning IPV. In total, 212 participants who had known someone who was a victim of IPV were recruited from the general population.FindingsA logistic regression model indicated that conscientiousness and fairness were found to predict intervening behaviour. Being a child witness was found to predict non-intervening behaviour. Qualitative analysis revealed three types of bystander apathy: those who lacked capability as they were children; those who were indifferent and did not see it as their place to intervene; and those who wanted to intervene but did not as they were frightened of exacerbating the situation.Practical implicationsIPV has significant physical and psychological effects on victims. However, the choice to intervene is complex, and bystander intervention in this study was also associated in some cases with not only a continuation of the IPV behaviour towards the victim but also aggression and physical violence towards the bystander (whistleblower retaliation). Based on the findings of this study, recommendations are made for how to support bystanders and victims of IPV.Originality/valueThis study involved participants with real-life experience of being a bystander to IPV. The mixed methodology provided an insight into the psychological processes, which underpin bystander experiences of IPV and maps onto the literature in relation to whistleblowing.
目的社会心理学关注个人对突发事件和目击犯罪的反应,发展了旁观者干预和旁观者冷漠理论。本研究的目的是探讨为什么当人们是亲密伴侣暴力(IPV)的旁观者时,他们会选择干预,以及支撑这一行为的心理过程。借鉴检举领域的文献对决策进行了探讨。设计/方法/方法通过混合方法认识论,本研究探讨了解释IPV干预行为的因素。总共有212名参与者从普通人群中招募,他们知道有人是IPV的受害者。结果logistic回归模型显示严谨性和公平性对干预行为有预测作用。作为儿童证人被发现预示着不干预行为。定性分析揭示了旁观者冷漠的三种类型:儿童时期缺乏能力者;那些漠不关心,不认为自己应该干预的人;还有那些想要干预但没有干预的人,因为他们害怕使局势恶化。sipv对受害者有显著的生理和心理影响。然而,干预的选择是复杂的,在本研究中,旁观者干预在某些情况下不仅与对受害者的IPV行为的延续有关,还与对旁观者的攻击和身体暴力(举报人报复)有关。根据本研究的结果,对如何支持IPV的旁观者和受害者提出了建议。原创性/价值本研究的参与者在现实生活中是IPV的旁观者。这种混合的方法提供了对心理过程的洞察,它支撑了旁观者的IPV经验,并映射到与举报有关的文献。
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引用次数: 0
Psychological effects of collective political traumas and post-traumatic growth 集体政治创伤和创伤后成长的心理影响
IF 0.8 Q4 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-07-18 DOI: 10.1108/jacpr-11-2022-0755
H. Kahraman, Dilara Kına
PurposeCollective political traumas emerge from human behavior as a result of political motivation. These events include destructive and intense violence that disrupt the biopsychosocial processes of people in general. A study was conducted on individuals involved in the conflict between the Kurds in southeastern Turkey and security forces. This study aims to determine whether perceived social support, assumptions about the world, psychological resilience and psychological symptoms predict post-traumatic growth (PTG). In addition, the study examines whether differences existed between the participants’ PTG and the four cited variables according to the type of trauma and major sociodemographic variables.Design/methodology/approachThis study recruited 324 individuals who completed the PTG Inventory, Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale, World Assumption Scale, Brief Psychological Resilience Scale and Symptom Checklist-90-R Symptom Screening List. Data were analyzed using regression analysis, ANOVA and t-test for independent groups.FindingsAnalysis revealed that assumptions about the world, perceived social support and level of psychological symptoms significantly predicted PTG level. The level of psychological symptoms was significantly higher among individuals exposed than those not exposed to prison. Moreover, participants with low levels of education and income displayed low levels of social support and psychological resilience but high levels of psychological symptoms. When working with victims of collective political trauma, the fact that people who are exposed to prison and torture experience and those with low socioeconomic levels pose serious risks in terms of psychological problems must be considered.Originality/valueThis research is important because it collects data on the effects of collective political traumas.
目的集体政治创伤源于人类行为,是政治动机的结果。这些事件包括破坏性和强烈的暴力,破坏了人们的生物心理社会过程。对参与土耳其东南部库尔德人与安全部队冲突的个人进行了一项研究。本研究旨在确定感知的社会支持、对世界的假设、心理韧性和心理症状是否能预测创伤后成长(PTG)。此外,该研究还根据创伤类型和主要社会人口统计学变量,考察了参与者的PTG与四个引用的变量之间是否存在差异。设计/方法/方法本研究招募了324名完成PTG量表、多维感知社会支持量表、世界假设量表、简要心理韧性量表和症状检查表-90-R症状筛查表的个体。使用回归分析、方差分析和独立组的t检验对数据进行分析。FindingsAnalysis显示,对世界的假设、感知到的社会支持和心理症状水平显著预测了PTG水平。暴露在监狱中的人的心理症状水平明显高于未暴露在监狱的人。此外,受教育程度和收入水平较低的参与者表现出较低的社会支持和心理韧性,但心理症状水平较高。在与集体政治创伤的受害者合作时,必须考虑到暴露在监狱和酷刑中的人以及社会经济水平低的人在心理问题方面构成严重风险。原创性/价值这项研究很重要,因为它收集了关于集体政治创伤影响的数据。
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引用次数: 0
Patient and visitor verbal aggression toward frontline health-care workers: a qualitative study of experiences and potential solutions 病人和访客对一线卫生保健工作者的言语攻击:经验和潜在解决方案的定性研究
IF 0.8 Q4 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-07-11 DOI: 10.1108/jacpr-03-2023-0787
G. Myers, Christopher Kowal
PurposeViolence toward frontline health-care workers (HCWs) from patients and visitors is a pervasive issue that ranges from verbal and psychological abuse to physical assault. The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic has led to increased reports of escalated verbal workplace aggressions (VWPAs); however, most studies have been conducted internationally. Studies based in the USA have focused on physical violence experienced by nurses and paramedics in emergency situations. The purpose of this study is to learn about the experiences of different levels of frontline HCWs with VWPA from patients and visitors and discover ways to address this issue.Design/methodology/approachThis qualitative descriptive study asked registered nurses, licensed practical nurses and patient care technicians from one health-care system about their experiences with patient and visitor VWPA using an anonymous, voluntary open-ended survey and in-person interviews. In all, 31 participants completed the survey and 2 were interviewed. Data were analyzed using content analysis.FindingsThree themes emerged from the data: the experience, moving through and moving forward. Frontline HCWs described experiences of VWPA, indicating its forms, frequency and conditions. They used coping, along with personal and professional measures, to manage and move through the situation. Moving forward was captured as suggestions for the future and conveyed hope for a perfect state.Originality/valueThe experiences of frontline HCWs offered insight into how they perceive and cope with difficult encounters. Recommendations relate to not only implementing interventions that support frontline HCWs but also creating a culture where aggression is not tolerated and addressing perpetrator behavior is a priority.
目的患者和访客对一线卫生保健工作者(HCWs)的暴力行为是一个普遍存在的问题,从言语和心理虐待到身体攻击。2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)大流行的出现导致工作场所言语攻击升级的报告增多;然而,大多数研究都是在国际上进行的。在美国进行的研究侧重于护士和护理人员在紧急情况下遭受的身体暴力。本研究的目的是了解不同级别的前线医护人员对病人和访客的经验,并探讨如何解决这个问题。设计/方法/方法本定性描述性研究采用匿名、自愿开放式调查和面对面访谈的方式,询问来自同一医疗保健系统的注册护士、执业护士和病人护理技术人员对病人和来访者VWPA的体验。总共有31名参与者完成了调查,其中2人接受了采访。数据采用内容分析法进行分析。调查结果数据显示了三个主题:经历、前进和前进。前线医护人员描述了VWPA的经历,说明了其形式、频率和情况。他们通过应对以及个人和专业措施来管理和克服这种情况。“前进”是对未来的建议,表达了对一个完美国家的希望。原创性/价值前线医护人员的经历让我们了解他们如何看待和应对困难。建议不仅涉及实施支持一线卫生保健工作者的干预措施,而且涉及创造一种不容忍侵略和优先处理肇事者行为的文化。
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引用次数: 0
Examining the relationship between negative social exchange and suicidal ideation: the role of thwarted interpersonal needs 考察消极社会交往与自杀意念之间的关系:人际需求受挫的作用
IF 0.8 Q4 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.1108/jacpr-08-2022-0740
R. Hill, Sarah Pardue-Bourgeois, Kaylee M Perkins, Zain Hussain
PurposeSuicidal ideation (SI) is a serious public health concern among youth and young adults in the USA. It is critical to evaluate potential risk and protective factors associated with SI among young adults to develop prevention strategies that target novel mechanistic outcomes.Design/methodology/approachThis study sought to evaluate the association between negative social exchange (NSE) and SI via the framework of the interpersonal theory of suicide. Participants were a diverse sample of N = 243 college students, with a mean age of 19.98 years (SD = 3.15). Participants were predominantly female (68.3%) and Hispanic/Latinx (39.5%), white (21.4%) or multiracial/multiethnic (24.3%). Participants completed survey measures to assess each of the constructs of interest.FindingsResults indicated a significant indirect effect from NSE to SI via perceived burdensomeness, but not thwarted belongingness.Originality/valueWhile individual-level interventions target emotional reactivity and managing emotional responses, larger public health–focused interventions on campus may wish to target reductions in NSE on campus. Future work should evaluate these associations using longitudinal study designs to further evaluate the statistical models.
目的自杀意念(SI)是美国青少年和年轻人中一个严重的公共卫生问题。评估年轻成人中与SI相关的潜在风险和保护因素对于制定针对新的机制结果的预防策略至关重要。设计/方法/方法本研究试图通过人际自杀理论的框架来评估负性社会交换(NSE)与自杀之间的关系。研究对象为N = 243名大学生,平均年龄为19.98岁(SD = 3.15)。参与者主要是女性(68.3%)、西班牙裔/拉丁裔(39.5%)、白人(21.4%)或多种族/多民族(24.3%)。参与者完成了评估每个感兴趣的构念的调查措施。研究结果表明,NSE通过感知负担对SI有显著的间接影响,但不妨碍归属感。原创性/价值虽然个人层面的干预针对情绪反应和管理情绪反应,但更大的校园公共卫生干预可能希望以减少校园NSE为目标。未来的工作应该使用纵向研究设计来评估这些关联,以进一步评估统计模型。
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引用次数: 0
The paradigm of peace enhancing peace culture 促进和平的和平文化模式
IF 0.8 Q4 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-06-08 DOI: 10.1108/jacpr-12-2022-0765
E. Esho
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine peace as a paradigm for promoting peace culture.Design/methodology/approachThe paper amalgamates paradigmatic concepts, insights and analytical writing while building on existing literature.FindingsThe findings of this research suggest that the paradigm of peace can be used as a model to promote peace culture and harmony in the 21st century, which is characterized by “hyper” and “super” diversity. Diversity is everywhere, including schools, workplaces and marketplaces. Diversity is very complex and encompasses nearly every element of human life. Diversity should not only be based on the race, culture, ethnicity, religion or gender of an individual. Diversity should be based on the uniqueness of an individual. The fact that we live in a diverse world does not mean that we cannot coexist harmoniously. This paper explores the paradigm of peace research by focusing on how it enhances peace culture to thrive amidst diversity. This study also illustrates that peace and conflict studies cannot be restricted to the resolution of war, violence and conflict. It can likewise aid us in addressing cultural, racial, religious and ethnic concerns. In addition, this research demonstrates that encouraging positive peace (and discouraging negative peace) can be used as a deterrent against violence, including war and conflict. Furthermore, this paper demonstrates the significance of personal peace and some other types of peace. It demonstrates that inner peace combined with external peace yields personal peace. Therefore, an individual may not be able to enjoy the holistic values of personal peace without inner and external peace. Also, this research indicates that encouraging a daily culture of peace can assist us in becoming quotidian agents of peace.Originality/valueMost publications focused on peace and conflict but made no connection between peace and culture. In addition, the majority of publications did not discuss peace as a paradigm that can aid in promoting a culture of peace and nonviolence. In addition, most papers did not link peace culture with diversity. Moreover, the majority of studies did not connect peace with the environment. This study addresses these gaps by introducing peace as a paradigm for fostering a culture of peace amidst diversity in the 21st century. This paper introduces peace as a paradigm for promoting nonviolence, peace culture and harmony. This study also emphasizes the need for environmental peace, thereby increasing awareness of the problems that affect the planet. This study also includes a discussion of positive and negative peace, as well as other definitions and viewpoints of peace. It also underlines the importance of establishing positive peace. This paper can be used as an introductory pathway to understanding the intriguing aspect of peace that fosters a peace culture if practiced adequately and why a peace culture is important in a world of diversity.
目的本文的目的是考察和平作为促进和平文化的一种范式。设计/方法论/方法这篇论文融合了范例概念、见解和分析写作,同时建立在现有文献的基础上。研究结果表明,和平范式可以作为21世纪促进和平文化与和谐的模式,其特征是“超”和“超”多样性。多样性无处不在,包括学校、工作场所和市场。多样性非常复杂,几乎涵盖了人类生活的每一个元素。多样性不应仅基于个人的种族、文化、族裔、宗教或性别。多样性应该建立在个人独特性的基础上。我们生活在一个多样化的世界,这并不意味着我们不能和谐共处。本文探讨了和平研究的范式,重点是如何增强和平文化,使其在多样性中蓬勃发展。这项研究还表明,和平与冲突研究不能局限于解决战争、暴力和冲突。它同样可以帮助我们解决文化、种族、宗教和族裔问题。此外,这项研究表明,鼓励积极的和平(和劝阻消极的和平)可以用来威慑暴力,包括战争和冲突。此外,本文还论证了个人平静和其他一些类型的平静的意义。它表明,内心的和平与外在的和平相结合会产生个人的和平。因此,如果没有内部和外部的和平,个人可能无法享受个人和平的整体价值观。此外,这项研究表明,鼓励日常和平文化可以帮助我们成为日常和平的推动者。原创性/价值大多数出版物关注和平与冲突,但没有将和平与文化联系起来。此外,大多数出版物都没有将和平作为一种有助于促进和平与非暴力文化的范式进行讨论。此外,大多数论文没有将和平文化与多样性联系起来。此外,大多数研究都没有将和平与环境联系起来。这项研究通过将和平作为在21世纪促进多样性中的和平文化的典范来解决这些差距。本文介绍了和平作为促进非暴力、和平文化与和谐的典范。这项研究还强调了环境和平的必要性,从而提高了人们对影响地球的问题的认识。本研究还包括对积极和平和消极和平的讨论,以及和平的其他定义和观点。它还强调了建立积极和平的重要性。这篇论文可以作为一个入门性的途径来理解和平的有趣方面,如果充分实践,和平文化会促进和平文化,以及为什么和平文化在多样性的世界中很重要。
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引用次数: 0
Constraints on peace research in war-torn situations: Cabo Delgado, Mozambique 受战争蹂躏局势下和平研究的制约因素:莫桑比克德尔加杜角
IF 0.8 Q4 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-06-08 DOI: 10.1108/jacpr-12-2022-0766
Kudakwashe Chirambwi
PurposeIt is assumed that fieldwork experiential learning on constraints of survey and ethnography research orientations in investigating armed conflict in Africa can contribute to the body of knowledge and help practitioners as well as other researchers working in difficult situations, such as war zones. More importantly, this paper aims to understand significant problems in Southern Africa, further methodological debates and produce new frontiers of knowledge in Southern African research studies. This paper will help other researchers who will be planning to conduct research in ongoing war-torn zones to be flexible with mixed research methodologies and data collection techniques that can ensure not only reliability and validity of the data but also, and more importantly, greater generalizability of this study.Design/methodology/approachThis research in Cabo was initially guided by survey and ethnographic approaches. After facing constraints in their use in investigating the complexity of new wars, the author developed and shifted to interpretivism methodology as an alternative. It is essential that researchers be sensitive to the tensions between survey and ethnography methodologies and how they can be a mismatch to the research purpose.FindingsThe fieldwork experiences, using standardised survey and ethnography research orientations in Gabo, show that there is no generally appropriate blueprint of how to conduct research in violent conflicts. The valorised survey and ethnographic research strategies were not closely matched to facilitate understanding of the complexity of hybrid armed actors, indiscriminate and targeted violence which combined to militate against data generation. In the face of these problems, the author developed a new methodology, interpretivism, which embedded the descriptive, explanatory and predictive approaches. In tumultuous contexts, the standardised methodologies prioritize data generation more than critical thinking.Originality/valueIt is essential to study the nature of African armed conflicts by combining creativity and flexibility in the selection of research strategies. The constraints on peace research in war-torn situations in Cabo Delgado, Mozambique, have laid out the weaknesses of peacetime research methodologies, including survey research and ethnographic approaches. Now is the time to reassess fieldwork-based research particularly in violent settings.
目的假设在调查非洲武装冲突时,在调查和民族志研究方向的限制下进行实地体验式学习,可以有助于丰富知识,帮助从业者以及其他在困难情况下工作的研究人员,如战区。更重要的是,本文旨在了解南部非洲的重大问题,进一步进行方法论辩论,并在南部非洲研究中开辟新的知识前沿。这篇论文将帮助其他计划在正在遭受战争蹂躏的地区进行研究的研究人员灵活使用混合的研究方法和数据收集技术,不仅可以确保数据的可靠性和有效性,而且更重要的是,可以确保这项研究的可推广性。设计/方法论/方法这项在卡波的研究最初是以调查和人种学方法为指导的。在研究新战争的复杂性时,作者在使用这些方法时遇到了限制,于是作者发展并转向了解释主义方法论作为一种替代方法。研究人员必须对调查和民族志方法之间的紧张关系保持敏感,以及它们如何与研究目的不匹配。调查结果在加博使用标准化调查和民族志研究方向的实地调查经验表明,对于如何在暴力冲突中进行研究,没有一个普遍合适的蓝图。有价值的调查和民族志研究策略没有紧密匹配,无法促进对混合武装行为者、不分青红皂白和有针对性的暴力的复杂性的理解,这些行为结合在一起阻碍了数据的生成。面对这些问题,作者发展了一种新的方法论——解释主义,它嵌入了描述性、解释性和预测性的方法。在动荡的环境中,标准化的方法论优先考虑数据生成,而不是批判性思维。独创性/价值通过在选择研究策略时结合创造性和灵活性来研究非洲武装冲突的性质至关重要。在莫桑比克德尔加杜角饱受战争蹂躏的局势中,和平研究受到限制,这暴露了和平时期研究方法的弱点,包括调查研究和民族志方法。现在是时候重新评估基于实地调查的研究了,尤其是在暴力环境中。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Aggression Conflict and Peace Research
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