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Geographical Insights on the Partisan Polarization of the Acceptance of Human-Caused Climate Change in the US 对美国接受人为气候变化的党派两极分化的地理见解
IF 0.7 Q3 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2023-05-19 DOI: 10.1353/sgo.2023.0012
Johnathan W. Sugg, C. Weir
abstract:Despite political partisanship, growing segments of the American public are concerned and even alarmed about climate change. Yet a common finding in the research literature is that climate change beliefs are filtered through an ideological lens. In this study, we examine whether politics remain a reliable indicator of climate change belief by comparing the percent margin of victory for both parties in the last four Presidential elections with the estimated percentage who think global warming is mostly caused by human activities in each county. There were increasing positive trends between the Democratic margin of victory and the acceptance of human-caused climate change. However, this effect was different for counties with different types of climate change beliefs. Election results were less reliable indicators of the acceptance of human-caused climate change in Republican-voting counties until the two most recent general elections in 2016 and 2020. The results underscore the partisanship of climate politics at the national level. Using the southeastern US as an example, this study highlights the need to understand the regional variability of climate change beliefs as an important step in finding less polarizing climate solutions.
摘要:尽管存在政治党派之争,但越来越多的美国公众对气候变化感到担忧甚至担忧。然而,研究文献中的一个常见发现是,气候变化信念是通过意识形态的视角过滤出来的。在这项研究中,我们通过比较两党在过去四次总统选举中获胜的百分比与认为全球变暖主要由每个县的人类活动引起的估计百分比,来检验政治是否仍然是气候变化信念的可靠指标。在民主党的胜利优势和对人为气候变化的接受之间,出现了越来越积极的趋势。然而,对于具有不同类型气候变化信念的县来说,这种影响是不同的。直到2016年和2020年的两次大选,选举结果才是共和党投票县接受人为气候变化的可靠指标。研究结果突显了国家层面气候政治的党派之争。以美国东南部为例,这项研究强调了了解气候变化信念的区域可变性的必要性,这是寻找不那么两极分化的气候解决方案的重要一步。
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引用次数: 0
Shoal Destruction at Mancil Rock, Conecuh River, Alabama 阿拉巴马州Conecuh河Mancil Rock的浅滩破坏
IF 0.7 Q3 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2023-05-19 DOI: 10.1353/sgo.2023.0010
J. Mossa
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引用次数: 0
Microstegium vimineum Habitat Suitability Analysis in the Kentuckiana Region Using Geographic Information System (GIS) Modeling 基于地理信息系统(GIS)模型的肯塔基州微假蝇生境适宜性分析
IF 0.7 Q3 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2023-05-19 DOI: 10.1353/sgo.2023.0014
K. Koenig, C. Day
abstract:Microstegium vimineum or stiltgrass is a novel invader widely considered one of the most significant threats to oak-hickory woodlands in the eastern United States. Due to the insubstantial weight and buoyancy of seeds, Microstegium can disperse not only via overland dispersal routes but also via sheet flow, flooding, and stream channels, creating rapid progression of existing populations and greater likelihood of introduction to new areas. Using the knowledge of Microstegium habitat from previous research and field mapping of current populations, we identified and assessed environmental variables for use in habitat suitability modeling. We found canopy openness, distance from roads, and distance from streams to be the primary drivers of Microstegium presence. We then applied a GIS-based habitat suitability analysis across seven nature reserves in Kentuckiana as a potential tool for land management. Our pilot study developed a model which can potentially guide managers of natural areas to decide where best to focus mitigation and prevention of potential Microstegium invasion and population expansion when resources are limited.
vimineum Microstegium或吊脚草是一种新型入侵者,被广泛认为是美国东部橡树山核桃林地最严重的威胁之一。由于种子的重量和浮力很小,Microstegium不仅可以通过陆地传播途径传播,还可以通过席流、洪水和溪流渠道传播,从而使现有种群快速发展,并更有可能引入新的地区。利用先前研究和当前种群实地测绘中关于微盖藻栖息地的知识,我们确定并评估了用于栖息地适宜性建模的环境变量。我们发现树冠的开放性、与道路的距离和与溪流的距离是Microstegium存在的主要驱动因素。然后,我们将基于GIS的栖息地适宜性分析应用于肯塔基州的七个自然保护区,作为土地管理的潜在工具。我们的试点研究开发了一个模型,该模型可以指导自然区域的管理者在资源有限的情况下,决定在哪里最好地缓解和预防潜在的Microstegium入侵和种群扩张。
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引用次数: 0
Contested Campus Landscape Placemaking of Socio-Ecological Systems through Actor-Network Theory 基于行动者网络理论的社会生态系统竞争校园景观场所营造
IF 0.7 Q3 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2023-05-19 DOI: 10.1353/sgo.2023.0013
Sophia Friis, Geoffrey Habron
abstract:This research study analyzes placemaking tension and dynamics at a university in the southern United States known for its beautiful landscape as well as its dedication to sustainability science education. This study aims to discover the decision-making framework of the University’s Grounds Department using actor-network theory to explore relationships among actors of turfgrass, soil, water, oak trees, and humans as a socio-ecological system within the institutional context of the university. Methodology includes participatory observation, interviews, focus groups, document analysis, and quantitative data collection. Data collected showed a high aesthetic expectation and high human intervention on a site-by-site level. The turfgrass at the front of campus is a symbol of the university. It is intensely managed by the Grounds Department and aesthetic quality is the highest priority. Our results reveal that legacies of intense management have caused more frequent turfgrass patchiness and plant inconsistency. The study reveals a highly contested socio-ecological system of dynamic interactions among humans, soils, water, trees, and turfgrass. This research provides the decision-making framework of the Grounds Department and describes feedbacks within the socio-ecological system. Nonetheless, alternatives exist to balance the demands of the socio-ecological system with the desire to maintain the aesthetic of campus.
本研究分析了美国南部一所大学的空间营造张力和动态,该大学以其美丽的景观和致力于可持续发展科学教育而闻名。本研究旨在利用行动者网络理论来探索作为大学制度背景下社会生态系统的草坪草、土壤、水、橡树和人类行动者之间的关系,从而发现大学地面部的决策框架。方法包括参与性观察、访谈、焦点小组、文件分析和定量数据收集。收集的数据显示,在每个站点的水平上,审美期望很高,人为干预也很高。校园前面的草坪是这所大学的象征。它由地面部严格管理,审美质量是最优先考虑的。我们的研究结果表明,密集管理的遗留问题导致了更频繁的草坪斑块和植物不一致。该研究揭示了人类、土壤、水、树木和草坪草之间动态相互作用的高度争议的社会生态系统。本研究提供了地面部门的决策框架,并描述了社会生态系统内的反馈。尽管如此,仍然存在其他选择来平衡社会生态系统的需求和保持校园美学的愿望。
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引用次数: 0
Introduction from the Editorial Team 编辑团队的介绍
IF 0.7 Q3 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2023-05-19 DOI: 10.1353/sgo.2023.0011
Selima Sultana, P. Knapp, Ridwaana Allen, T. Mitchell
One of the many strengths of the Southeastern Division of the Association of American Geographers (SEDAAG) has been the broad and long-standing support of its members and their strong service commitment to ensure the vitality of the division. These contributions are best expressed during the annual meeting each November held in a variety of cities from small (e.g., Florence, Alabama) to large (e.g., Atlanta, Georgia) located within the SEDAAG region. Regardless of location, the meetings offer an opportunity for many of the attendees to travel, which is part of the enjoyment of the meeting, especially when exploration is integrated into the trip. As geographers, we know that visiting places with interesting geographical qualities can be highly educational and initiate new ideas. This travel can help satiate the wanderlust that is inherent to geographers, and when done as a group, initiate long-lasting friendships and promote great conversions. That said, the reason for the travel — to attend the meeting — is made possible by a suite of individuals who organize the event. For the 2022 meeting, we recognize the efforts of SEDAAG President Bill Graves, SEDAAG Vice President Jennifer Rahn, and local organizer Eric Spears who spent numerous hours working to create an event that was widely enjoyed. We also recognize the contributions of the State Representatives and committee members, and for the latter particularly, Phillip Schmutz, who served as Chair of the Honors Committee. The awards banquet keynote address by AAG President Marilyn Raphael made the conference even more special. Finally, the success of the meeting does not occur without participation on panels, in sessions, and in the honors competition. The exceptional contributions for 2022 are listed below:
美国地理学家协会东南分部的众多优势之一是其成员的广泛和长期支持,以及他们对确保分部活力的坚定服务承诺。这些贡献在每年11月的年会上得到了最好的表达,年会在SEDAAG地区的各个城市举行,从小城市(如阿拉巴马州的佛罗伦萨)到大城市(如佐治亚州的亚特兰大)。无论地点如何,会议都为许多与会者提供了旅行的机会,这是会议乐趣的一部分,尤其是当探索融入旅行时。作为地理学家,我们知道参观具有有趣地理品质的地方可以具有很高的教育意义,并引发新的想法。这种旅行可以帮助满足地理学家固有的旅行欲望,当作为一个团队进行旅行时,可以建立长期的友谊,促进伟大的皈依。也就是说,这次旅行的原因——参加会议——是由组织此次活动的一系列个人促成的。对于2022年的会议,我们认可SEDAG总裁Bill Graves、SEDAG副总裁Jennifer Rahn和当地组织者Eric Spears所做的努力,他们花了很多时间创造了一个广受欢迎的活动。我们也感谢州代表和委员会成员的贡献,特别是担任荣誉委员会主席的菲利普·施穆茨。AAG主席Marilyn Raphael在颁奖宴会上的主旨演讲使会议更加特别。最后,会议的成功离不开参加小组讨论、会议和荣誉竞赛。2022年的特殊捐款如下:
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引用次数: 0
Guest Editors' Introduction: Protected Areas of the American Southeast 客座编辑介绍:美国东南部的保护区
IF 0.7 Q3 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1353/sgo.2023.0002
Joe Weber, J. Kupfer
. Their results identify themes that were common across the entire biosphere region (e.g
. 他们的结果确定了整个生物圈区域的共同主题(例如
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引用次数: 0
Uwharrie National Forest—An Ecological Gem in the North Carolina Piedmont Uwharrie国家森林-北卡罗莱纳州皮埃蒙特的生态宝石
IF 0.7 Q3 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1353/sgo.2023.0000
Hunter Lewis, Selima Sultana, P. Knapp, Ridwaana Allen, T. Mitchell, Joe Weber, J. Kupfer, Joshua Z. Merced, Gregory J. Carlton, Reilly T. Corkran, Amy E. Potter, P. Schmutz, M. J. Flynn, T. Allen, Meaghan E. Johnson, D. Hallac, Maegen L. Rochner, T. Patterson, K. J. Heeter, G. Harley, Lilian Hutchens, Peng Gao, Cade Gouin, Yujie Hu, J. Mossa
abstract:The framing of national parks as "America's best idea" has undergone a multi-disciplinary critique for its failure to address the scarcity of racial minority visitors, particularly Black Americans. Slavery, segregation, and ongoing racial politics demand a process of unlearning and undoing by centering Black voices. This research seeks to re-examine Black Americans' motivations for and deterrents against visiting national parks using Great Smoky Mountains National Park (GSMNP) as a preliminary case study. A review of archival documents (e.g., park history and promotional materials), interpretation programs, exhibits, and the racial composition of surrounding communities and park employees was conducted to identify gaps in Black Americans' representation within the core messages created and promoted by GSMNP. The results suggest that Black Americans are rarely seen in archival documents, and marginally represented in publicly accessible literature and exhibits. This legacy may send a message to Black Americans that the park is a "White" space, where their ancestors were treated as second-class citizens or excluded entirely. Under the shadow of Jim Crow laws, segregation, racism, and discrimination, this space may have been associated with danger or considered unsafe and unwelcoming. Our findings contribute to the broader understanding of how landscapes and institutions are racialized, and how the power of narrative can be used to dismantle racialization.
将国家公园作为“美国最好的主意”的框架,由于未能解决少数民族游客,特别是美国黑人游客的稀缺问题,受到了多学科的批评。奴隶制、种族隔离和持续的种族政治需要一个以黑人的声音为中心的忘却和毁灭的过程。本研究以大烟山国家公园(Great Smoky Mountains national Park, GSMNP)为初步案例,试图重新审视美国黑人参观国家公园的动机和阻碍因素。通过对档案文件(如公园历史和宣传材料)、解说项目、展览以及周边社区和公园员工的种族构成进行审查,以确定美国黑人在GSMNP创建和推广的核心信息中的代表性差距。研究结果表明,美国黑人很少出现在档案文件中,在公共文献和展览中也很少出现。这一遗产可能会向美国黑人传递一个信息,即公园是一个“白人”空间,他们的祖先在这里被视为二等公民或被完全排除在外。在吉姆·克劳法、种族隔离、种族主义和歧视的阴影下,这个空间可能与危险联系在一起,或者被认为不安全、不受欢迎。我们的研究结果有助于更广泛地理解景观和制度是如何种族化的,以及如何利用叙事的力量来消除种族化。
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引用次数: 0
Spatial Patterns of Conservation Benefits, Priorities, and Barriers in the Congaree Biosphere Region 刚果(金)生物圈地区保护效益、优先事项和障碍的空间格局
IF 0.7 Q3 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1353/sgo.2023.0007
Lilian Hutchens, J. Kupfer, P. Gao
abstract:UNESCO biosphere reserves contain areas with widely varied environmental, ecological, and economic characteristics, human land uses, and management jurisdictions and goals. Effective conservation planning thus requires consideration of the spatial patterns of factors that may influence management activities across the landscape. In this study, we examined spatial variation in conservation benefits, priorities, and barriers in the Congaree Biosphere Region (CBR), near Columbia, SC. We first used GIS-based clustering to subdivide the CBR into subregions with comparatively homogeneous land cover and habitats. We then surveyed local stakeholders and conservation experts to identify their perceptions of: 1) existing environmental, economic, and social benefits provided by features within each subregion, and 2) future subregional priorities for and barriers to conservation opportunities. Our results identified both overarching themes that were common across the entire CBR (e.g., the need for enhancing collaborative partnerships; improving habitat quality and connectivity) and subregional differences that could be linked to variations in land cover, protected areas, and existing environmental, social, and cultural features. We conclude by exploring how the identification of CBR subregions and analysis and organization of survey results can facilitate the development of community-informed management strategies based on shared knowledge of conservation benefits and barriers.
摘要:联合国教科文组织生物圈保护区包含各种各样的环境、生态和经济特征、人类土地利用、管理管辖权和目标的区域。因此,有效的保护规划需要考虑可能影响整个景观管理活动的因素的空间模式。在这项研究中,我们研究了南卡罗来纳州哥伦比亚附近的Congaree生物圈区域(CBR)在保护效益、优先事项和障碍方面的空间变化。我们首先使用基于GIS的聚类将CBR细分为土地覆盖和栖息地相对均匀的子区域。然后,我们调查了当地利益相关者和保护专家,以确定他们对以下方面的看法:1)每个次区域内的特征所带来的现有环境、经济和社会效益,以及2)保护机会的未来次区域优先事项和障碍。我们的研究结果确定了整个CBR中共同的总体主题(例如,加强合作伙伴关系的必要性;改善栖息地质量和连通性),以及可能与土地覆盖、保护区和现有环境、社会和文化特征变化有关的次区域差异。最后,我们探讨了CBR次区域的确定以及调查结果的分析和组织如何促进在共享保护利益和障碍知识的基础上制定社区知情管理战略。
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引用次数: 0
Increased Growth Synchrony of Red Spruce in Response to Acid Deposition Recovery and Climate Change across its Southern Range Extent, Southeastern USA 美国东南部南部山脉红云杉生长同步性增加对酸沉降恢复和气候变化的响应
IF 0.7 Q3 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1353/sgo.2023.0006
Maegen L. Rochner, T. Patterson, K. J. Heeter, G. Harley
abstract:In a complex system of natural and human-caused disturbance, shifting climate, and documented, widespread decline and recovery of red spruce populations prior to and following the United States (US) Clean Air Act and amendments (CAAA)—all within the last century—a better understanding of the potential influence of these disturbances on the climate sensitivity and resiliency of red spruce under projected future conditions is needed. We investigated the potential recovery of annual growth in southeastern US red spruce populations following the CAAA and the influence of this recovery vs. ongoing climate change. Using a recently collected network of red spruce tree-ring data from across the southern Appalachian range, we examined temporal trends in stand-level growth and climate sensitivity in the context of acidic (acid) deposition and recovery and modern climate change. We demonstrated that in recent decades, spruce growth is becoming synchronous and climate sensitive in conjunction with a reduction in acid deposition coupled with changes in climate conditions. The emergence of synchronous growth across sites is a new phenomenon that highlights the potential of and the need for region-wide management. Our results provide a temporal perspective that can aid future management strategies in an era of reduced air pollution and a changing climate.
摘要:在一个由自然和人类造成的复杂系统中,气候变化和文献记录,在上个世纪的《美国清洁空气法》和修正案(CAAA)之前和之后,红皮云杉种群的大范围下降和恢复,需要更好地了解这些干扰对红皮云杉在预计未来条件下的气候敏感性和弹性的潜在影响。我们调查了CAAA后美国东南部红云杉种群年度增长的潜在恢复,以及这种恢复对持续气候变化的影响。利用最近收集的阿巴拉契亚山脉南部红云杉年轮数据网络,我们研究了酸性(酸性)沉积和恢复以及现代气候变化背景下林分水平增长和气候敏感性的时间趋势。我们证明,近几十年来,随着酸沉积的减少和气候条件的变化,云杉的生长正变得同步和对气候敏感。跨站点同步增长的出现是一种新现象,突出了全区域管理的潜力和必要性。我们的研究结果提供了一个时间视角,可以帮助在空气污染减少和气候变化的时代制定未来的管理策略。
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引用次数: 0
Right of Way: Race, Class, and the Silent Epidemic of Pedestrian Deaths in America by Angie Schmitt (review) 《通行权:种族、阶级和美国无声的行人死亡流行病》,安吉·施密特著(综述)
IF 0.7 Q3 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1353/sgo.2023.0008
Cade Gouin, Yujie Hu
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引用次数: 0
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