Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.1080/09584935.2023.2203899
Smith Mehta, Stuart Cunningham
ABSTRACT This article analyzes the significant events that led to the emergence and growth of the online Indian audio-visual sector. The principal argument that drives this narrative is the co-evolution of Indian formal and informal media economies that led to the media industries’ digital transformation. Drawing on historical analysis of the Indian film and television industries, we argue that just as the informal means of finance, social relations, illegal cable and satellite distribution had a formative influence on how these industries formalized, the Indian online audio-visual sector is driven by distinctive formalization processes, led by creators who are engaging with both local and global UGC-led platforms as well as PGC-led portals. Using a critical media industries framework, with data gathered from semi-structured interviews with ‘above-the-line’ Indian online media practitioners together with trade press literature, we propose an analytical framework that incorporates both platforms and portals as industrial objects for mapping digital production cultures that originate as inherently informal.
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Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.1080/09584935.2023.2207907
S. Amrutha, Luke Gerard Christie
changes associated with the Kali Yuga. It is not just limited to economic and environmental conditions, but the fear of contagion and other gendered stigmas profoundly affect their social standing, which is only worsened by notions of morality reinforced by public health camps. As opposed to the disclosure of diagnosis to patients, withholding the truth from them was considered an act of care by many patients. The loss of body parts such as breasts, uterus and hair as a result of radiation comes not just with immense physical and mental pain but also various exclusions (especially in the economic and sexual realm) with the stigma attached to it. Van Hollen’s ethnographic inquiry exposes the deeply intertwined nature of biomedical interventions and spiritual healing as several of these women simultaneously reached out to Samiyars – intermediaries between Gods and humankind – and the Pentecostal church in addition to the biomedical treatment they received. Emphasizing the structural violence faced by these women, Van Hollen concludes that healthcare initiatives do not account for their concerns for care and causality. Van Hollen’s work is extremely significant in the realm of medical anthropology as it vividly delineates the experience of these specific cancer patients whilst also offering a multidimensional understanding. It is empirically grounded and brings out the nuances of everyday lived experiences. While Van Hollen clearly deconstructs notions of morality embedded in public health campaigns, it would have been useful to dig deeper, in order to acknowledge the colonial residues inherent in the discourse, as evident in anti-abortion arguments and the emphasis on hygiene, sterilization and monogamous sex. In other words, it is crucial to observe the historical continuities through which Victorian morality is still reflected in our healthcare attitudes and conceptions, especially in stateled healthcare. In addition, although Van Hollen captures an extensive field view of cancer and suffering, her subaltern critique does not rise to posit a critique of the biomedical model in itself, as Arthur Kleinman has demonstrated in The Illness Narratives: Suffering, Healing and the Human Condition (Basic Books, 1988). As she rightly points out, the public health discourse neither accommodates people’s beliefs in spiritual modalities of healing nor considers their socio-economic conditions. However, it is also vital to take a step further to argue that the rational, scientific and medico-legal vocabulary of biomedicine is intrinsic to public health discourse. More importantly, the critique of biomedicine as a system needs to be foregrounded, as it establishes itself as a distinct paradigm on a higher pedestal, through which the healing process becomes increasingly depersonalized and unidimensional. Nevertheless, her work offers a remarkable reading experience and hence, is highly recommended for medical anthropologists.
与卡利尤加相关的变化。这不仅限于经济和环境条件，对传染病的恐惧和其他性别污名深刻影响了他们的社会地位，而公共卫生营强化的道德观念只会使他们的社会状况恶化。与向患者披露诊断相反，许多患者认为隐瞒真相是一种照顾行为。辐射造成的乳房、子宫和头发等身体部位的损失不仅带来巨大的身心痛苦，还带来各种排斥（尤其是在经济和性领域），并带来耻辱。Van Hollen的民族志调查揭示了生物医学干预和精神治疗的深刻交织性质，因为这些女性中的一些人除了接受生物医学治疗外，还同时接触了神与人类之间的中间人Samiyars和五旬节教会。Van Hollen强调了这些妇女面临的结构性暴力，他得出结论，医疗保健举措没有考虑到她们对护理和因果关系的担忧。Van Hollen的工作在医学人类学领域具有极其重要的意义，因为它生动地描绘了这些特定癌症患者的经历，同时也提供了多层面的理解。它以经验为基础，展现了日常生活经历的细微差别。虽然范霍伦显然解构了公共卫生运动中的道德观念，但更深入地挖掘，以承认话语中固有的殖民残余，这在反堕胎的论点和对卫生、绝育和一夫一妻制性行为的强调中是显而易见的。换言之，观察维多利亚时代的道德仍然反映在我们的医疗保健态度和观念中的历史连续性，尤其是在国家医疗保健中，这一点至关重要。此外，尽管Van Hollen对癌症和痛苦有着广泛的视野，但她的下层批判并没有像Arthur Kleinman在《疾病叙述：痛苦、治愈和人类状况》（the Disease Narratives:Painting，Healing and the Human Condition）（基础书籍，1988）中所展示的那样，对生物医学模式本身提出批判。正如她正确指出的那样，公共卫生话语既没有考虑到人们对治愈精神模式的信仰，也没有考虑到他们的社会经济条件。然而，同样重要的是，要进一步证明生物医学的理性、科学和医学法律词汇是公共卫生话语的内在内容。更重要的是，对生物医学作为一个系统的批判需要有前瞻性，因为它将自己建立在一个更高的基础上，成为一个独特的范式，通过这个范式，治愈过程变得越来越个人化和单一化。尽管如此，她的作品提供了非凡的阅读体验，因此强烈推荐给医学人类学家。
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Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.1080/09584935.2023.2203902
Philippe Bouquillion, Christine Ithurbide
ABSTRACT This article examines the evolution of public policy for cultural and creative industries in the context of building India as a digital nation. How has the rise of digital industries in the building of the country permeated policies related to cultural industries, and what have been the consequences of this trend? It will also explore the tensions regarding the evolution of the role of the State in shaping and regulating such industries in the broader context of culture being increasingly associated with national identity. This article starts by showing that in a context where cultural policies remain centered on heritage, the support to culture by the state has remained limited, both in financial terms as well as regarding the implementation of specific regulations which would require protection from traditional market forces. Then, it analyzes several action plans that have been developed as part of the Digital India government initiative and assesses emerging issues for the cultural and creative industries, which are increasingly associated with the functioning of digital devices and operators. Finally, it discussed recent modalities of state intervention through the transfer of the role of cultural operator to digital platforms and the attempts to control expressions.
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Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.1080/09584935.2023.2203904
Christine Ithurbide, Philippe Bouquillion, V. Parthasarathi, P. Sneha
ABSTRACT Recent developments in digital technologies in South Asia require special attention on the restructuring of industries based on creativity, arts and culture. More specifically, powerful players from the communication industries have been at the heart of changes in the legacy creative industries. The aim of this special section is twofold. On the one hand, to critically assess transformations taking place in the industrial and policy dynamics shaping the creative industries in India; and, on the other hand, to identify the peculiarity of Indian dynamics amidst what is widely perceived as a fairly uniform set of global phenomena. Through examples focusing on audiovisual and music sectors, the contributions explore how these dynamics are deeply anchored within social and political contexts at the local, national and global scales, and how – far from its emancipatory promise – the digital often tends to reinforce uneven economic scenarios and power relations.
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Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.1080/09584935.2023.2207905
S. Sathianathan
communities and national (and, before that, colonialist and missionary) value systems. The main prisms through which Dasgupta elucidates ‘tribal’ identity as an open concept involving multiple perspectives and dynamic processes of ordering and reordering are the Oraons of Chhotanagpur and their influential participation in the infamous Tana Bhagat movement. Alongside the Santals, Mundas, Bhumij, and Hos, ‘the Oraons’ are one of the dominant ‘tribal’ communities in southern Jharkhand, whose stereotypical presence in the colonial imaginary gave way in the preIndependence period to a culture of Gandhian protest. This became operational via a new aesthetics of devotion (bhakti) and demanded a new politics of representation. It is the overtly ‘Oraon’ (or tribal) politics of presenting rights, demands and aspirations as Adivasi that sustains Dasgupta’s multifaceted enquiry. This signals a broader objective: to deconstruct, and thereby to present a nuanced and critical account of, the constituent cultural voices and social agents that combined in this historic shift, which has assumed post-Independence resonance for many contemporary Oraons. A prolonged assessment of the internal dynamics and changing ecology of the Oraons’ agrarian polities (the ‘tanas’), and associated protest and heritage movements, therefore ensues. The author’s standing as one of the earliest and most committed exponents of Adivasi Studies in India itself a multidisciplinary project that attempts to ensure within the context of Higher Education the kinds of mutual understanding and respect outlined above means that the book will interest historians of India’s indigenous and minority peoples, as well as sociologists and anthropologists involved in reassessing the significance of national, Gandhian, revolutionary, judicial and historiographic projects in regions like Jharkhand. It is very interesting that the Adivasi and overtly Oraon worlds that are under consideration here are animated by important non-Adivasi figures within India’s anthropological, legal and political history, namely Sarat Chandra Roy, Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi and K.S. Singh. The stories and identities that emerge are simultaneously ‘tribal’ and Indigenous, regional and national.
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Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.1080/09584935.2023.2206995
Tanya Jakimow
ABSTRACT ‘Politics is dirty’ is a truism, a taken-for-granted reality in much of the world, particularly in India. Its implications are likewise seen as inescapable. Scholarship examining women’s political underrepresentation often cites the ‘dirty’ nature of democratic politics as a key disincentive for women to participate. While not disputing that politics is, in some respects, ‘dirty’, I question the mechanisms through which it is said to hinder women’s political representation. Drawing upon ethnographic research with female party workers and elected municipal councillors in Dehradun, North India, I analyse how ‘dirty politics’ positions women as ‘out of place’ within the political realm. While both men and women engage in acts of political care, men can more easily transgress the boundaries between them, straddling both ‘dirty politics’ and a ‘politics of care’. This production of the ‘political’ as a realm unsuitable for women or mismatched with their activities, is one factor contributing to the underrepresentation of women in politics in South Asia, and beyond.
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Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.1080/09584935.2023.2207912
{"title":"Books Available for Review","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/09584935.2023.2207912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09584935.2023.2207912","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45569,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary South Asia","volume":"123 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135718224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.1080/09584935.2023.2206996
K. Bhatia
ABSTRACT In this article, I analyze discourses around the introduction of Intermediary Guidelines and Digital Media Code – new changes in laws regulating new media companies in India, and how these discourses inform the imaginations about the rights and duties of corporations and citizens in the country. I argue that though these guidelines were brought into effect through legal and juridical channels, they were reified through state-led and user-generated political discourse, constituting bottom-up imaginaries about the governance of social media platforms. To comprehensively analyze the impact of the guidelines regulating social media companies, this article argues for the need to examine the interlinkages between online discourse and policy regulations at three levels of operation: (a) the government’s imagination for the country’s digital future, (b) quotidian online discourse reifying the politics of regulation and (c) the dominant imagination of social media as socio-political actors responsible for upholding democracy, the freedom of speech of users, and dissent. Based on the findings and analysis, I argue that the regulation of social media platforms in India demonstrates reconfiguring relationships between social media companies, emerging forms of nationalism, and the government’s expectations of compliance from social media companies.
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Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.1080/09584935.2023.2203900
Papari Saikia
ABSTRACT This article investigates the relationship of a migrant community with the state in a borderland. The relationship between the Indian state and Chinese-origin migrants in post-colonial Assam can be characterised by two themes: control and resilience. On the one hand, the state tried to control the community through strict bureaucratic procedures. On the other hand, the Chinese community showed resilience by adhering to or negotiating with the control mechanisms. This article also seeks to understand the nationality and citizenship issues of community members, in particular the second and third generations of migrants. In this article, I argue that ambiguities of citizenship status, and the state’s reluctance or negligence in resolving their citizenship issues, had grave consequences for the community as they had to struggle for their fundamental rights. This issue of ambiguous citizenship caused severe unrest in the region in the later decades, which could also have been avoided.
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Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.1080/09584935.2023.2207903
S. K. Ananda Krishnan
{"title":"Painting stories: lives and legacies from an Indian crafts village","authors":"S. K. Ananda Krishnan","doi":"10.1080/09584935.2023.2207903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09584935.2023.2207903","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45569,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary South Asia","volume":"31 1","pages":"342 - 343"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44005119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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