Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.21307/ijssis-2020-022
Alice James, Avishkar Seth, S. Mukhopadhyay
Abstract A descriptive guide to develop smart sensor nodes for Internet of Things (IoT) application has been presented in the paper. The current technology of low-power wide area network (LPWAN) which transmits data with low power consumption over a wide area has been illustrated in the scope of this project. An overview of the transition of IoT devices from a limited range personal area network to wide area network is justified. A sensor node has been developed and tested to validate the implementation of a LoRa network, which can be an exemplar for sensor nodes for various applications.
{"title":"IoT enabled sensor node: a tutorial paper","authors":"Alice James, Avishkar Seth, S. Mukhopadhyay","doi":"10.21307/ijssis-2020-022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21307/ijssis-2020-022","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A descriptive guide to develop smart sensor nodes for Internet of Things (IoT) application has been presented in the paper. The current technology of low-power wide area network (LPWAN) which transmits data with low power consumption over a wide area has been illustrated in the scope of this project. An overview of the transition of IoT devices from a limited range personal area network to wide area network is justified. A sensor node has been developed and tested to validate the implementation of a LoRa network, which can be an exemplar for sensor nodes for various applications.","PeriodicalId":45623,"journal":{"name":"International Journal on Smart Sensing and Intelligent Systems","volume":"13 1","pages":"1 - 18"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44068856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.21307/ijssis-2020-013
M. Emetere, Adeyemo Nehemiah
Abstract Over the years, it has been noticed that there is a rising interest in spectral filtering to increase the overall efficiency or output of photovoltaic solar systems. Meanwhile methods for comparing the performance of spectral filtering and the effects of optical spectral filter design on system performance are not well developed. This research emphasizes on two areas, that is, to screen plant extract to serve as a coating to elongate the life span or improve the efficiency of solar cells, to test for the different spectral incident on solar cells and to apply silver-coated plant extract to filter spectral hitting the PV cells. The parameters (voltage, current, and radiation) obtained during the experiment indicate the benefit of using plant extract to coat the PV cells’ surface. Data are obtained to assess the performance of experimental spectral filters in different spectral filtering configurations. The result shows that the efficiency of the PV cell increased by 8%. This research has shown that these spectra filtering method is viable. Hence, it is recommended that solar companies concentrate on the protective layer to improve solar cell efficiency.
{"title":"Spectral filtering of photovoltaic cells using novel bio-filter: silver-coated Ixora extract using water as a solution","authors":"M. Emetere, Adeyemo Nehemiah","doi":"10.21307/ijssis-2020-013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21307/ijssis-2020-013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Over the years, it has been noticed that there is a rising interest in spectral filtering to increase the overall efficiency or output of photovoltaic solar systems. Meanwhile methods for comparing the performance of spectral filtering and the effects of optical spectral filter design on system performance are not well developed. This research emphasizes on two areas, that is, to screen plant extract to serve as a coating to elongate the life span or improve the efficiency of solar cells, to test for the different spectral incident on solar cells and to apply silver-coated plant extract to filter spectral hitting the PV cells. The parameters (voltage, current, and radiation) obtained during the experiment indicate the benefit of using plant extract to coat the PV cells’ surface. Data are obtained to assess the performance of experimental spectral filters in different spectral filtering configurations. The result shows that the efficiency of the PV cell increased by 8%. This research has shown that these spectra filtering method is viable. Hence, it is recommended that solar companies concentrate on the protective layer to improve solar cell efficiency.","PeriodicalId":45623,"journal":{"name":"International Journal on Smart Sensing and Intelligent Systems","volume":"13 1","pages":"1 - 7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45877161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.21307/ijssis-2020-025
Panjit Musik
Abstract Traditional agriculture-based orchards often encounter quality problems that do not meet the market demand. Technology development is required for increasing the quality of the production and reducing the production costs. The objective of this research is to develop an automated water management system to improve production in orchards and implementing them in the field. The proposed water management system contains the equipment for water supply systems, automatic measurement, and control systems. The system was developed first inside a demonstration fruit garden. Afterward, a set of water management systems was installed in the mangosteen and durian gardens of farmers, and the system was controlled via mobile phones. The results are promising and showed that the proposed system might be useful for reducing production costs by reducing labor, water, and electricity costs. Moreover, the farmers were able to produce a higher amount of quality products in Nakhon Si Thammarat Province.
{"title":"Development of an automated water management system in orchards in southern Thailand","authors":"Panjit Musik","doi":"10.21307/ijssis-2020-025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21307/ijssis-2020-025","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Traditional agriculture-based orchards often encounter quality problems that do not meet the market demand. Technology development is required for increasing the quality of the production and reducing the production costs. The objective of this research is to develop an automated water management system to improve production in orchards and implementing them in the field. The proposed water management system contains the equipment for water supply systems, automatic measurement, and control systems. The system was developed first inside a demonstration fruit garden. Afterward, a set of water management systems was installed in the mangosteen and durian gardens of farmers, and the system was controlled via mobile phones. The results are promising and showed that the proposed system might be useful for reducing production costs by reducing labor, water, and electricity costs. Moreover, the farmers were able to produce a higher amount of quality products in Nakhon Si Thammarat Province.","PeriodicalId":45623,"journal":{"name":"International Journal on Smart Sensing and Intelligent Systems","volume":" ","pages":"1 - 7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49167315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.21307/ijssis-2020-011
A. Eltayeb, M. F. Rahmat, M. Basri
Abstract Recently, the quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) are attracting significant interest from researchers due to its widespread applications, which involve the civilian and military sectors. In this paper, a robust sliding mode control (SMC) algorithm is designed to stabilize the attitude and track the altitude of quadrotor UAV. The switching function in the SMC control law has been replaced by the error function to reduce the chattering influences. The chattering phenomenon is induced by the parameter uncertainties and external disturbances and results in critical issues, for instance, the vibration in the mechanical components. The simulation results of the traditional SMC and feedback linearization (FBL) are used as the benchmark to test and evaluate the performance of the proposed SMC, which proved that the proposed controller outperforms the traditional SMC and FBL controllers.
{"title":"Sliding mode control design for the attitude and altitude of the quadrotor UAV","authors":"A. Eltayeb, M. F. Rahmat, M. Basri","doi":"10.21307/ijssis-2020-011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21307/ijssis-2020-011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Recently, the quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) are attracting significant interest from researchers due to its widespread applications, which involve the civilian and military sectors. In this paper, a robust sliding mode control (SMC) algorithm is designed to stabilize the attitude and track the altitude of quadrotor UAV. The switching function in the SMC control law has been replaced by the error function to reduce the chattering influences. The chattering phenomenon is induced by the parameter uncertainties and external disturbances and results in critical issues, for instance, the vibration in the mechanical components. The simulation results of the traditional SMC and feedback linearization (FBL) are used as the benchmark to test and evaluate the performance of the proposed SMC, which proved that the proposed controller outperforms the traditional SMC and FBL controllers.","PeriodicalId":45623,"journal":{"name":"International Journal on Smart Sensing and Intelligent Systems","volume":"13 1","pages":"1 - 13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43226922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.21307/ijssis-2020-035
D. Magdalene Delighta Angeline, P. Ramasubramanian, I. Samuel Peter James
Abstract The effective learning requires putting down various associations of new ideas to old ones to integrate some innovative thoughts. The learners must change the associations among the things they already know, or even reject some long-held attitude about the world. The choice to the essential reformation is to deform the new information to fit their old ideas or to reject the new information entirely. Learners come to the classroom with their own ideas, some may be correct and some may not be, concerning roughly each topic they are expected to come across. If their perception and misunderstanding are unnoticed or discharged out of control, it affects the learning of a learner. The learners must be encouraged to build up new observation by seeing how such observation helps them make better sense of the world. The objective of this research paper is to put down the fundamentals of learning that promotes effective learning in an instructor-led virtual classroom and to analyze the learners’ learning performance using the Discriminant Analysis, a data mining technique. The Discriminant Analysis uses statistically significant determinants to predict learners’ learning in a classroom.
{"title":"The Discriminant Analysis Approach for Evaluating Effectiveness of Learning in an Instructor-Led Virtual Classroom","authors":"D. Magdalene Delighta Angeline, P. Ramasubramanian, I. Samuel Peter James","doi":"10.21307/ijssis-2020-035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21307/ijssis-2020-035","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The effective learning requires putting down various associations of new ideas to old ones to integrate some innovative thoughts. The learners must change the associations among the things they already know, or even reject some long-held attitude about the world. The choice to the essential reformation is to deform the new information to fit their old ideas or to reject the new information entirely. Learners come to the classroom with their own ideas, some may be correct and some may not be, concerning roughly each topic they are expected to come across. If their perception and misunderstanding are unnoticed or discharged out of control, it affects the learning of a learner. The learners must be encouraged to build up new observation by seeing how such observation helps them make better sense of the world. The objective of this research paper is to put down the fundamentals of learning that promotes effective learning in an instructor-led virtual classroom and to analyze the learners’ learning performance using the Discriminant Analysis, a data mining technique. The Discriminant Analysis uses statistically significant determinants to predict learners’ learning in a classroom.","PeriodicalId":45623,"journal":{"name":"International Journal on Smart Sensing and Intelligent Systems","volume":" ","pages":"1 - 15"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42966795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.21307/ijssis-2020-002
Suma M. N., V. Gaddam, M. Prasad, M. Nayak, K. Rajanna
Abstract ZnO thin films were prepared by RF reactive magnetron sputtering on phynox substrate at room temperature for four different thicknesses by varying deposition duration. The structural and morphological properties and composition of these films were characterized using XRD, SEM, and EDS, respectively. Suitability of these films for dynamic pressure sensing applications and the effect of film thickness on dynamic pressure sensing were evaluated experimentally using a shock tube equipment. Shock tube test results show the pure dynamic behavior of ZnO films with fast rise and discharge. Sensors with higher film thickness showed improved sensitivity which is on par with commercially available dynamic pressure sensors. This work demonstrates that the cost-effective sensors based on ZnO thin film are capable of sensing dynamic pressures for different pressure ranges.
{"title":"Study on the suitability of ZnO thin film for dynamic pressure sensing application","authors":"Suma M. N., V. Gaddam, M. Prasad, M. Nayak, K. Rajanna","doi":"10.21307/ijssis-2020-002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21307/ijssis-2020-002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract ZnO thin films were prepared by RF reactive magnetron sputtering on phynox substrate at room temperature for four different thicknesses by varying deposition duration. The structural and morphological properties and composition of these films were characterized using XRD, SEM, and EDS, respectively. Suitability of these films for dynamic pressure sensing applications and the effect of film thickness on dynamic pressure sensing were evaluated experimentally using a shock tube equipment. Shock tube test results show the pure dynamic behavior of ZnO films with fast rise and discharge. Sensors with higher film thickness showed improved sensitivity which is on par with commercially available dynamic pressure sensors. This work demonstrates that the cost-effective sensors based on ZnO thin film are capable of sensing dynamic pressures for different pressure ranges.","PeriodicalId":45623,"journal":{"name":"International Journal on Smart Sensing and Intelligent Systems","volume":" ","pages":"1 - 9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42972037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.21307/ijssis-2020-014
M. Emetere, Gabe-Oji Testimony
Abstract The efficiency of the photovoltaic (PV) panel was queried in this research. Past research on spectra response has shown that the maximum solar response, i.e. using color filters is 24%. This result is not very good for a PV system exposed to the harsh weather condition in any part of the African continent. In this research, the bio-filter was used to perform spectral filtering of harmful solar radiation hitting the surface of the solar PV panel. The bio-filter was synthesized from the extract of the hibiscus flower. Hibiscus is a common plant found in almost all parts of Africa. The results show that the bio-filter has a relative efficiency of 94%. This makes the product a novel to be adopted in Africa and other tropical belts to elongate the life span and performance of the solar photovoltaic panel.
{"title":"Spectral filtering copper-coated hibiscus-butanol extract for photovoltaic cells","authors":"M. Emetere, Gabe-Oji Testimony","doi":"10.21307/ijssis-2020-014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21307/ijssis-2020-014","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The efficiency of the photovoltaic (PV) panel was queried in this research. Past research on spectra response has shown that the maximum solar response, i.e. using color filters is 24%. This result is not very good for a PV system exposed to the harsh weather condition in any part of the African continent. In this research, the bio-filter was used to perform spectral filtering of harmful solar radiation hitting the surface of the solar PV panel. The bio-filter was synthesized from the extract of the hibiscus flower. Hibiscus is a common plant found in almost all parts of Africa. The results show that the bio-filter has a relative efficiency of 94%. This makes the product a novel to be adopted in Africa and other tropical belts to elongate the life span and performance of the solar photovoltaic panel.","PeriodicalId":45623,"journal":{"name":"International Journal on Smart Sensing and Intelligent Systems","volume":"13 1","pages":"1 - 6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46375372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.21307/ijssis-2020-012
Yasser Almadany, K. M. Saffer, Ahmed K. Jameil, Saad Albawi
Abstract Social media networks are an attractive and hot research area in the big data community because of their numerous active users. One of the most widely studied topics in social networks is the prediction from the public available data. Recently, researchers have successfully predicted many statistical and human properties from social media networks using different machine learning algorithms. In this paper, a new efficient and accurate algorithm is proposed to predict the country location of a Twitter user using his or her public information only. The proposed algorithm employs the public information of the Twitter user and that of his or her followers and friends to predict his or her location without using GPS data. A convenient data set of Twitter users is gathered and used to test our proposed algorithm using KNIME software. The proposed algorithm is compared with other state-of-the-art algorithms, and results showed that our proposed algorithm significantly outperforms other location detection algorithms by using Twitter users from different countries.
{"title":"A novel algorithm for estimation of Twitter users location using public available information","authors":"Yasser Almadany, K. M. Saffer, Ahmed K. Jameil, Saad Albawi","doi":"10.21307/ijssis-2020-012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21307/ijssis-2020-012","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Social media networks are an attractive and hot research area in the big data community because of their numerous active users. One of the most widely studied topics in social networks is the prediction from the public available data. Recently, researchers have successfully predicted many statistical and human properties from social media networks using different machine learning algorithms. In this paper, a new efficient and accurate algorithm is proposed to predict the country location of a Twitter user using his or her public information only. The proposed algorithm employs the public information of the Twitter user and that of his or her followers and friends to predict his or her location without using GPS data. A convenient data set of Twitter users is gathered and used to test our proposed algorithm using KNIME software. The proposed algorithm is compared with other state-of-the-art algorithms, and results showed that our proposed algorithm significantly outperforms other location detection algorithms by using Twitter users from different countries.","PeriodicalId":45623,"journal":{"name":"International Journal on Smart Sensing and Intelligent Systems","volume":"13 1","pages":"1 - 10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42295988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.21307/ijssis-2020-033
Ankush Kapoor, Ranjan Mishra, P. Kumar
Abstract The design of a compact wideband partial slotted ground rectangular-printed antenna is presented. The design approach utilizing the slotted partial ground plane is much more flexible for improving the antenna performance. A detailed design guideline to estimate the antenna dimensions is given, which is based on mathematical and parametric analysis. The effects of variation of length of the ground and slot position in the ground plane are investigated. The simulation has been performed by using HFSS V20 simulator. The designed antenna is meant for being operated in the C band of super-high-frequency (SHF) spectrum and in the n77 band (3.3-4.2 GHz) and n78 band (3.3-3.8 GHz) of frequency range 1 (FR1) in sub-6 GHz 5G-frequency bands. The designed antenna is showing a wide bandwidth (700 MHz) with a low-reflection coefficient of −31.15 dB. The wide bandwidth and compact size of the antenna makes it suitable for use in sub-6 GHz 5G compact wireless communication systems. The measured results of the antenna prototype are firmly authenticated with simulation estimations.
{"title":"Compact wideband-printed antenna for sub-6 GHz fifth-generation applications","authors":"Ankush Kapoor, Ranjan Mishra, P. Kumar","doi":"10.21307/ijssis-2020-033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21307/ijssis-2020-033","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The design of a compact wideband partial slotted ground rectangular-printed antenna is presented. The design approach utilizing the slotted partial ground plane is much more flexible for improving the antenna performance. A detailed design guideline to estimate the antenna dimensions is given, which is based on mathematical and parametric analysis. The effects of variation of length of the ground and slot position in the ground plane are investigated. The simulation has been performed by using HFSS V20 simulator. The designed antenna is meant for being operated in the C band of super-high-frequency (SHF) spectrum and in the n77 band (3.3-4.2 GHz) and n78 band (3.3-3.8 GHz) of frequency range 1 (FR1) in sub-6 GHz 5G-frequency bands. The designed antenna is showing a wide bandwidth (700 MHz) with a low-reflection coefficient of −31.15 dB. The wide bandwidth and compact size of the antenna makes it suitable for use in sub-6 GHz 5G compact wireless communication systems. The measured results of the antenna prototype are firmly authenticated with simulation estimations.","PeriodicalId":45623,"journal":{"name":"International Journal on Smart Sensing and Intelligent Systems","volume":" ","pages":"1 - 10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48960950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.21307/ijssis-2020-027
S. Njokweni, P. Kumar
Abstract One of the reasons for many diseases such as diabetes, stroke, high blood pressure, kidney disease, etc., is the excess consumption of salt and sugar in the diet. So, to minimize these health problems, it is important to consume appropriate quantity of salt and sugar in the diet. This paper presents the design and development of a salt and sugar detection system using a low cost compact microstrip patch antenna. The salt and sugar detection system using a compact microstrip antenna is based upon the variation of antenna parameters in the solutions of different concentrations of salt and sugar. The defected ground structure (DGS) is utilized for decreasing the size and improving the performance of the proposed microstrip patch antenna. The antenna is fed by using a microstrip line and it resonates at 2.4 GHz. The designed antenna is simulated and optimized using the computer simulation technology (CST) microwave studio. The antenna with optimized dimensions is fabricated and measured. The measurements of the return loss of the fabricated microstrip patch antenna for various solutions with different concentrations of salt and sugar are performed. The measured results confirm that the proposed compact microstrip patch antenna is suitable to detect the concentration of salt and sugar in the water. From the measured results, it is observed that the return loss of the antenna decreases, when the concentration of salt and sugar is increased. The proposed antenna is also suitable for compact 2.4 GHz wireless local area networks (WLAN) applications.
{"title":"Salt and sugar detection system using a compact microstrip patch antenna","authors":"S. Njokweni, P. Kumar","doi":"10.21307/ijssis-2020-027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21307/ijssis-2020-027","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract One of the reasons for many diseases such as diabetes, stroke, high blood pressure, kidney disease, etc., is the excess consumption of salt and sugar in the diet. So, to minimize these health problems, it is important to consume appropriate quantity of salt and sugar in the diet. This paper presents the design and development of a salt and sugar detection system using a low cost compact microstrip patch antenna. The salt and sugar detection system using a compact microstrip antenna is based upon the variation of antenna parameters in the solutions of different concentrations of salt and sugar. The defected ground structure (DGS) is utilized for decreasing the size and improving the performance of the proposed microstrip patch antenna. The antenna is fed by using a microstrip line and it resonates at 2.4 GHz. The designed antenna is simulated and optimized using the computer simulation technology (CST) microwave studio. The antenna with optimized dimensions is fabricated and measured. The measurements of the return loss of the fabricated microstrip patch antenna for various solutions with different concentrations of salt and sugar are performed. The measured results confirm that the proposed compact microstrip patch antenna is suitable to detect the concentration of salt and sugar in the water. From the measured results, it is observed that the return loss of the antenna decreases, when the concentration of salt and sugar is increased. The proposed antenna is also suitable for compact 2.4 GHz wireless local area networks (WLAN) applications.","PeriodicalId":45623,"journal":{"name":"International Journal on Smart Sensing and Intelligent Systems","volume":" ","pages":"1 - 9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47905289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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