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Effects of Thermal Aging on the Oxidation Behavior of 316L Austenitic Steel in 600 °C Supercritical Fired Boiler: Mechanism Based on Interface Features 热老化对 316L 奥氏体钢在 600 °C 超临界燃烧锅炉中氧化行为的影响:基于界面特征的机理
IF 2.9 2区 材料科学 Q2 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1007/s40195-024-01789-8
Tianyi Zhang, Chenjun Yu, Bo Xiao, Ju Liu, Zhongliang Zhu, Naiqiang Zhang

The oxidation behavior of 316L austenitic steel after thermal aging process at 600 °C for 6 h was investigated in the supercritical water (600 °C/25 MPa) with 1000 h. Results showed that the grain size and the proportion of high angle grain boundaries (HAGB) increased in the steel after thermal aging process, with the observation of micro-textures. The weight gain rate of the steel after aging process increased, presenting the decreased Cr2O3 contain in the oxide layer, which resulted in the increasing diffusion rate of Fe and O ions in oxide layer. The molecular dynamics simulation results confirmed the high oxidation rate in HAGB and micro-textures for the 316L steel after aging process.

研究了 316L 奥氏体钢在超临界水(600 ℃/25 MPa)中 600 ℃ 6 h 热时效 1000 h 后的氧化行为。结果表明,热时效后钢的晶粒尺寸和高角晶界(HAGB)比例增加,并观察到微观纹理。时效处理后钢的增重率增加,表明氧化层中的 Cr2O3 含量减少,导致氧化层中 Fe 和 O 离子的扩散率增加。分子动力学模拟结果证实了 HAGB 中的高氧化率和 316L 钢在时效处理后的微观纹理。
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引用次数: 0
ZIF-8 Modified Ce–Sol–gel Film on Rebar for Enhancing Corrosion Resistance 用于增强钢筋耐腐蚀性的 ZIF-8 改性水泥溶胶凝胶薄膜
IF 2.9 2区 材料科学 Q2 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING Pub Date : 2024-10-12 DOI: 10.1007/s40195-024-01768-z
Yanwei Zeng, Peng Xu, Guoqiang Liu, Tianguan Wang, Bing Lei, Zhiyuan Feng, Ping Zhang, Guozhe Meng

Chloride-induced corrosion of steel reinforcement is the key factor leading to the degradation of reinforced concrete building durability. Improving the corrosion resistance of oxide scale of rebar has always been a research hotspot in the field of civil engineering materials. A ZIF-8 modified Ce–Sol–gel (ZCS) film was prepared on oxide scale of plain steel rebars by sol–gel method. It is observed that the |Z|0.01 Hz value of the ZCS film reached 320 kΩ cm2, which is about 29 times higher than that of blank rebar in simulated concrete pore (SCP) solution with 0.1 M NaCl. Then, they were inserted into mortar block and curing them in a curing box at T = 20 ± 2 °C and RH = 95 ± 2% for 28 days. Subsequently, these samples were subject to electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in 3.5 wt% NaCl. The |Z|0.01 Hz value of the rebar with the ZCS film was six times higher than that of the blank rebar after immersing for 20 days, resulting in an overall increase in corrosion resistance for rebar. The results indicated that the modification by ZIF-8 could reduce the porosity of Ce–sol–gel (CS) film and improved the “labyrinth effect” of the film. Additionally, the negative charge on the surface of ZIF-8 in alkaline condition increased the repulsion effect with Cl, significantly reducing the sensitivity of rebar to Cl.

氯化物引起的钢筋腐蚀是导致钢筋混凝土建筑耐久性退化的关键因素。提高钢筋氧化皮的耐腐蚀性一直是土木工程材料领域的研究热点。本研究采用溶胶-凝胶法在普通钢筋氧化皮上制备了 ZIF-8 改性 Ce 溶胶-凝胶(ZCS)膜。在 0.1 M NaCl 模拟混凝土孔隙(SCP)溶液中,ZCS 薄膜的 |Z|0.01 Hz 值达到 320 kΩ cm2,是空白钢筋的 29 倍。然后,将它们插入砂浆块中,并在 T = 20 ± 2 °C 和 RH = 95 ± 2% 的养护箱中养护 28 天。随后,在 3.5 wt% 的氯化钠中对这些样品进行电化学阻抗光谱分析。浸泡 20 天后,带有 ZCS 薄膜的螺纹钢的 |Z|0.01 Hz 值是空白螺纹钢的六倍,从而全面提高了螺纹钢的耐腐蚀性。结果表明,ZIF-8 的改性可以降低水泥溶胶凝胶(CS)薄膜的孔隙率,改善薄膜的 "迷宫效应"。此外,在碱性条件下,ZIF-8 表面的负电荷增加了与 Cl- 的斥力效应,大大降低了螺纹钢对 Cl- 的敏感性。
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引用次数: 0
Design of Ultra-Strong As-Cast Titanium Alloy at 600 ℃ by Using Cluster Formula 利用簇式公式设计 600 ℃ 超强铸造钛合金
IF 2.9 2区 材料科学 Q2 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING Pub Date : 2024-10-12 DOI: 10.1007/s40195-024-01778-x
Zhihao Zhu, Cenyang Wang, Tianyu Liu, Shuang Zhang, Chuang Dong

A Ti–5.4Al–6.4Zr–6.2Sn–0.4Mo–1.6W–0.4Nb–3.2Ta–0.5Si alloy is designed following cluster formula approach that achieves a strength level of 1 GPa at 600 ℃ in the as-cast state, superior to any existing high-temperature Ti alloys. Its composition is formulated by 17 basic units, α-{[Al-Ti12](AlTi2)}12 + β-{[Al-Ti12Zr2](Mo0.125Nb0.125Ta0.5W0.25Sn1.5Si0.5)}5, each unit covering a nearest-neighbor cluster plus a few next-neighbor glue atoms. This design is on the basis of the composition formula of Ti65 alloy, with an enhanced β stability via more Zr, Mo, Nb, Ta, W, Sn, and Si co-alloying. Upon copper-mold pour casting, this alloy shows a good microstructure stability. In tensile testing below at 650 ℃, its α plates thickness is nearly at the same level of 0.2 μm, which is much smaller than 0.7–0.8 μm of Ti65 at the same condition. The changes in volume fraction of β phase are increased by 86%, much less than by 105% in Ti65. Its room-temperature strength reaches the ultra-high-strength level, with an ultimate tensile strength of 1328 MPa and a yield strength of 1117 MPa, with a moderate elongation of 3.8%. At 600 ℃, its ultimate tensile strength of 1017 MPa and yield strength of 936 MPa are superior to those of any existing high-temperature Ti alloys, with an elongation of 7.2%. At 650 ℃, its ultimate tensile strength of 848 MPa still maintains a high level.

根据聚类公式法设计了一种钛-5.4Al-6.4Zr-6.2Sn-0.4Mo-1.6W-0.4Nb-3.2Ta-0.5Si 合金,在 600 ℃ 时的铸态强度达到 1 GPa,优于现有的任何高温钛合金。其成分由 17 个基本单元组成:α-{[Al-Ti12](AlTi2)}12 + β-{[Al-Ti12Zr2](Mo0.125Nb0.125Ta0.5W0.25Sn1.5Si0.5)}5,每个单元包括一个近邻原子团和几个近邻胶原子。这种设计以 Ti65 合金的成分式为基础,通过更多的 Zr、Mo、Nb、Ta、W、Sn 和 Si 共合金化来增强 β 稳定性。在铜模浇铸过程中,这种合金显示出良好的微观结构稳定性。在 650 ℃ 以下进行拉伸测试时,其 α 板厚度几乎保持在 0.2 μm 的水平,远小于相同条件下 Ti65 的 0.7-0.8 μm。β 相体积分数的变化增加了 86%,远小于 Ti65 的 105%。其室温强度达到超高强度水平,极限抗拉强度为 1328 兆帕,屈服强度为 1117 兆帕,伸长率为 3.8%。在 600 ℃ 时,其极限抗拉强度为 1017 兆帕,屈服强度为 936 兆帕,优于现有的任何高温钛合金,伸长率为 7.2%。在 650 ℃ 时,其极限抗拉强度仍保持在 848 兆帕的高水平。
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引用次数: 0
Microstructure Evolution and High Strength-Ductility Synergy of Ti-13Nb-13Zr-2Ta Alloy Fabricated by Laser Powder Bed Fusion 激光粉末床熔融技术制造的 Ti-13Nb-13Zr-2Ta 合金的微观结构演变和高强度-延展性协同作用
IF 2.9 2区 材料科学 Q2 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING Pub Date : 2024-09-29 DOI: 10.1007/s40195-024-01763-4
Libo Zhou, Biao Peng, Jian Chen, Yanjie Ren, Yan Niu, Wei Qiu, Jianzhong Tang, Zhou Li, Wei Chen, Weiying Huang, Cong Li

This work systematically investigates the densification, microstructure evolution and the attainment of high strength-ductility in Ti-13Nb-13Zr-2Ta alloy processed by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). A narrow and viable process window (Plaser power = 175 W, vscanning speed = 1000 mm/s, hscanning distance = 0.1 mm and dlayer thickness = 0.03 mm) was accordingly determined and the relative density of Ti-13Nb-13Zr-2Ta alloy reaches 99.76%. The depth of molten pool increases gradually with the increase of energy density, and the relationship between the depth of molten pool and energy density has been quantitatively described. Three types of α′ martensites with average grain width less than 3 μm can be observed in the LPBF-fabricated Ti-13Nb-13Zr-2Ta alloys, attributed to the significantly high cooling rate and remelting process. The fine grain size, high density dislocations, nanotwins, ordered oxygen complexes and α + α″ heterostructure all contributed to the high strength (1037.75 ± 25.18 MPa) and ductility (20.32% ± 1.39%) of LPBF-fabricated Ti-13Nb-13Zr-2Ta alloy in this work.

这项工作系统地研究了通过激光粉末床熔融(LPBF)工艺加工的 Ti-13Nb-13Zr-2Ta 合金的致密化、微观结构演变和高强度-电导率的实现。据此确定了一个狭窄可行的工艺窗口(激光器功率 = 175 W,扫描速度 = 1000 mm/s,扫描距离 = 0.1 mm,层厚 = 0.03 mm),Ti-13Nb-13Zr-2Ta 合金的相对密度达到 99.76%。熔池深度随能量密度的增加而逐渐增大,熔池深度与能量密度的关系得到了定量描述。在 LPBF 制备的 Ti-13Nb-13Zr-2Ta 合金中,可以观察到平均晶粒宽度小于 3 μm 的三种类型的 α′ 马氏体,这归因于显著较高的冷却速率和重熔过程。细晶粒尺寸、高密度位错、纳米丝、有序氧复合物和α + α″异质结构都有助于 LPBF 制备的 Ti-13Nb-13Zr-2Ta 合金获得高强度(1037.75 ± 25.18 MPa)和延展性(20.32% ± 1.39%)。
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引用次数: 0
Improvement of Formation, Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of TIG Welded TC4 Titanium Alloy by Ultrasonic Coaxial Radiation 超声波同轴辐射改善 TIG 焊接 TC4 钛合金的成形、显微组织和机械性能
IF 2.9 2区 材料科学 Q2 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1007/s40195-024-01766-1
Yihao Gao, Boqiao Ren, Yunhao Chen, Xinchen Sui, Xiaohui Zhao, Chenglei Fan, Chao Chen

In this study, the effects of ultrasonic coaxial assisted TIG welding (U-TIG) on the formation, microstructure, and mechanical properties of TC4 titanium alloy welded joints were investigated. The results indicated that at optimal ultrasonic power and welding current settings, remarkable improvements of welded joint were observed. Specifically, the weld depth-to-width ratio increased by 267% compared to conventional TIG welding, reaching 0.22. Furthermore, the microhardness of the welded seam increased by 53%, reaching 550.1 HV, while the tensile strength of the welded joint rose to 1197.7 MPa, representing a 12.2% enhancement. The compressing effect of ultrasound concentrates the energy of the arc, thereby improving the penetration depth of the welded seam. In addition, ultrasonic cavitation plays a crucial role in refining the grain structure of the weld seam, consequently enhancing its strength.

本研究探讨了超声波同轴辅助氩弧焊(U-TIG)对 TC4 钛合金焊接接头的形成、微观结构和机械性能的影响。结果表明,在最佳超声波功率和焊接电流设置下,焊接接头有显著改善。具体来说,与传统的氩弧焊相比,焊缝深度与宽度比增加了 267%,达到 0.22。此外,焊缝的显微硬度提高了 53%,达到 550.1 HV,而焊接接头的抗拉强度则提高到 1197.7 MPa,提高了 12.2%。超声波的压缩效应集中了电弧的能量,从而提高了焊缝的穿透深度。此外,超声波空化在细化焊缝晶粒结构方面发挥了重要作用,从而提高了焊缝强度。
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引用次数: 0
Achieving Twin Strengthening in Bulk Aluminum via Adding Nanoparticles Combined with Tailoring Hot Pressing Temperature 通过添加纳米颗粒和调整热压温度实现散装铝的双倍强度
IF 2.9 2区 材料科学 Q2 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING Pub Date : 2024-09-15 DOI: 10.1007/s40195-024-01771-4
Ke Zhao, Zhongying Duan, Jinling Liu, Linan An

It is extremely difficult to strengthen bulk aluminum (Al) by twins, due to its high stacking fault energy under standard loading conditions. In this study, a simple yet effective solution was proposed for introducing twins to strengthen bulk Al. The method involves the addition of nanoparticles with high volume fraction combined with the tailoring of sintering temperature toward the melting point of Al during hot pressing. Sintering temperature plays an important role in forming twins in bulk Al containing high content nanoparticles. The twin content increases with increasing sintering temperature in the range of 590–640 °C. At sintering temperature of 640 °C, the twin content reaches 17%, enabling the significant improvement in the yield strength of the bulk Al from 251 to 400 MPa, compared with the sample with few or no twins. The twin strengthening may serve as a major strengthening mechanism for bulk Al, and its strengthening contribution is comparable to the dominant Orowan strengthening resulting from the added nanoparticles.

在标准加载条件下,散装铝(Al)的堆积断层能量很高,因此用孪晶来强化散装铝非常困难。本研究提出了一种简单而有效的解决方案,通过引入孪晶来强化铝块。该方法包括添加高体积分数的纳米颗粒,并在热压过程中将烧结温度调整到铝的熔点。烧结温度在含有高含量纳米粒子的块状铝中形成孪晶方面起着重要作用。在 590-640 °C 的烧结温度范围内,孪晶含量随着烧结温度的升高而增加。烧结温度为 640 ℃ 时,孪晶含量达到 17%,与孪晶很少或没有孪晶的样品相比,块状铝的屈服强度从 251 MPa 显著提高到 400 MPa。孪晶强化可能是块状铝的一种主要强化机制,其强化贡献与添加纳米粒子产生的主要奥罗旺强化相当。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of Al on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of ATI 718Plus by Laser Additive Manufacturing 激光增材制造技术中铝对 ATI 718Plus 显微结构和力学性能的影响
IF 2.9 2区 材料科学 Q2 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING Pub Date : 2024-09-15 DOI: 10.1007/s40195-024-01764-3
Zhipeng Zhang, Jide Liu, Xinguang Wang, Zhaokuang Chu, Yizhou Zhou, Jianjun Wang, Jinguo Li

To clarify the mechanism of the role of Al element in the additive manufacturing of Ni-based superalloys, ATI 718Plus alloys with varying Al contents (1, 3, and 5 wt%) were fabricated using the laser additive manufacturing and the effects of Al content on the microstructure and mechanical properties were systematically analyzed. The experimental and CALPHAD simulation results show that with the increase in Al addition, the freezing range of the alloys was lowered, but this has a paradoxical effect on the susceptibility of the alloy to hot-tearing and solid-state cracking. The addition of Al increased the γ′ and Laves phase volume fractions and suppressed the precipitation of the η phase. Simultaneously improving γ/γ′ lattice misfits effectively promoted the transformation of γ′ phase from spherical to cubic. The precipitation of NiAl phase in the 5 wt% Al-added alloy was determined, the formation mechanism of NiAl phase was analyzed, and the solidification sequence of the precipitated phase in the alloy was summarized. In addition, with the increase in Al addition, the microhardness of the alloy increased gradually, the tensile strength increased at first and then decreased, but the plasticity deteriorated seriously. The insights gained from this study offer valuable theoretical guidance for the strategic compositional design of additively manufactured Ni-based superalloys destined for deployment under extreme conditions.

为了阐明铝元素在镍基超合金添加剂制造中的作用机理,采用激光添加剂制造技术制造了不同铝含量(1、3 和 5 wt%)的 ATI 718Plus 合金,并系统分析了铝含量对微观结构和力学性能的影响。实验和 CALPHAD 模拟结果表明,随着铝添加量的增加,合金的凝固范围降低,但这对合金的热撕裂和固态开裂敏感性产生了矛盾的影响。铝的加入增加了γ′和Laves相的体积分数,抑制了η相的析出。同时,γ/γ′晶格失配的改善有效地促进了γ′相从球形到立方的转变。确定了 5 wt% 加铝合金中 NiAl 相的析出,分析了 NiAl 相的形成机理,总结了合金中析出相的凝固顺序。此外,随着铝添加量的增加,合金的显微硬度逐渐增大,抗拉强度先增大后减小,但塑性严重恶化。本研究获得的启示为在极端条件下部署的添加式制造镍基超合金的战略成分设计提供了宝贵的理论指导。
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引用次数: 0
Machine Learning-Based Comprehensive Prediction Model for L12 Phase-Strengthened Fe–Co–Ni-Based High-Entropy Alloys 基于机器学习的 L12 相强化铁-铜-镍基高熵合金综合预测模型
IF 2.9 2区 材料科学 Q2 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING Pub Date : 2024-09-15 DOI: 10.1007/s40195-024-01774-1
Xin Li, Chenglei Wang, Laichang Zhang, Shengfeng Zhou, Jian Huang, Mengyao Gao, Chong Liu, Mei Huang, Yatao Zhu, Hu Chen, Jingya Zhang, Zhujiang Tan

L12 phase-strengthened Fe–Co–Ni-based high-entropy alloys (HEAs) have attracted considerable attention due to their excellent mechanical properties. Improving the properties of HEAs through conventional experimental methods is costly. Therefore, a new method is needed to predict the properties of alloys quickly and accurately. In this study, a comprehensive prediction model for L12 phase-strengthened Fe–Co–Ni-based HEAs was developed. The existence of the L12 phase in the HEAs was first predicted. A link was then established between the microstructure (L12 phase volume fraction) and properties (hardness) of HEAs, and comprehensive prediction was performed. Finally, two mutually exclusive properties (strength and plasticity) of HEAs were coupled and co-optimized. The Shapley additive explained algorithm was also used to interpret the contribution of each model feature to the comprehensive properties of HEAs. The vast compositional and process search space of HEAs was progressively screened in three stages by applying different prediction models. Finally, four HEAs were screened from hundreds of thousands of possible candidate groups, and the prediction results were verified by experiments. In this work, L12 phase-strengthened Fe–Co–Ni-based HEAs with high strength and plasticity were successfully designed. The new method presented herein has a great cost advantage over traditional experimental methods. It is also expected to be applied in the design of HEAs with various excellent properties or to explore the potential factors affecting the microstructure/properties of alloys.

L12 相强化铁-铜-镍基高熵合金(HEAs)因其优异的机械性能而备受关注。通过传统实验方法提高 HEA 的性能成本高昂。因此,需要一种新方法来快速准确地预测合金的性能。本研究建立了 L12 相强化铁-铜-镍基 HEA 的综合预测模型。首先预测了 L12 相在 HEA 中的存在。然后在 HEA 的微观结构(L12 相体积分数)和性能(硬度)之间建立联系,并进行综合预测。最后,对 HEAs 的两种互斥性质(强度和塑性)进行了耦合和共同优化。此外,还使用 Shapley 加法解释算法来解释每个模型特征对 HEA 综合特性的贡献。通过应用不同的预测模型,分三个阶段对 HEAs 的巨大成分和工艺搜索空间进行了逐步筛选。最后,从数十万可能的候选组中筛选出四种 HEA,并通过实验验证了预测结果。在这项工作中,成功设计出了具有高强度和高塑性的 L12 相强化铁-铜-镍基 HEA。与传统的实验方法相比,本文介绍的新方法具有很大的成本优势。它还有望应用于设计具有各种优异性能的 HEA,或探索影响合金微观结构/性能的潜在因素。
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引用次数: 0
Microstructure, Mechanical and Wear Resistance Properties of AlCoCrFeNi2.1-xNi3Al Eutectic High-Entropy Alloy Matrix Composites AlCoCrFeNi2.1-xNi3Al 共晶高熵合金基复合材料的显微结构、力学性能和耐磨性能
IF 2.9 2区 材料科学 Q2 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING Pub Date : 2024-09-15 DOI: 10.1007/s40195-024-01772-3
Li Li, Xiao Kong, Hui Jiang, Wenna Jiao, Di Jiang, Jichao Ren

AlCoCrFeNi2.1-xNi3Al (x = 0, 5.0, 7.5, and 10 wt%, denoted as Ni3Al0, Ni3Al5.0, Ni3Al7.5, and Ni3Al10) eutectic high-entropy alloy (EHEA) matrix composites were fabricated by mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering methods. The effects of Ni3Al content on the microstructures, mechanical and wear properties of AlCoCrFeNi2.1 EHEA were investigated. The results indicate that the AlCoCrFeNi2.1-xNi3Al composites present cellular grid morphologies composing of FCC/Ll2 and B2 phases, and a small amount of Al2O3 and Cr7C3 phases. The addition of Ni3Al significantly enhanced the compressive yield strength, compressive fracture strength, compressive strain and wear properties of the AlCoCrFeNi2.1 composites. In particular, the Ni3Al10 composite exhibits excellent comprehensive mechanical properties. The compressive yield strength, compressive fracture strength and compressive strain of the Ni3Al10 composite, are 1845 MPa, 2301 MPa and 10.1%, respectively. The friction coefficient, wear width and depth, and mass loss of the Ni3Al10 composite were 0.40, 0.9 mm, 20.5 mm, 0.016 g, respectively. Moreover, the wear mechanism of the Ni3Al10 composite is major abrasive wear with a small amount of adhesive wear.

通过机械合金化和火花等离子烧结方法制备了 AlCoCrFeNi2.1-xNi3Al(x = 0、5.0、7.5 和 10 wt%,分别表示为 Ni3Al0、Ni3Al5.0、Ni3Al7.5 和 Ni3Al10)共晶高熵合金(EHEA)基复合材料。研究了 Ni3Al 含量对 AlCoCrFeNi2.1 EHEA 的微观结构、机械性能和磨损性能的影响。结果表明,AlCoCrFeNi2.1-xNi3Al 复合材料呈现由 FCC/Ll2 和 B2 相以及少量 Al2O3 和 Cr7C3 相组成的蜂窝状网格形态。加入 Ni3Al 后,AlCoCrFeNi2.1 复合材料的抗压屈服强度、抗压断裂强度、抗压应变和磨损性能都得到了显著提高。其中,Ni3Al10 复合材料表现出优异的综合力学性能。Ni3Al10 复合材料的压缩屈服强度、压缩断裂强度和压缩应变分别为 1845 兆帕、2301 兆帕和 10.1%。Ni3Al10 复合材料的摩擦系数、磨损宽度和深度以及质量损失分别为 0.40、0.9 毫米、20.5 毫米和 0.016 克。此外,Ni3Al10 复合材料的磨损机理是主要的磨料磨损和少量的粘着磨损。
{"title":"Microstructure, Mechanical and Wear Resistance Properties of AlCoCrFeNi2.1-xNi3Al Eutectic High-Entropy Alloy Matrix Composites","authors":"Li Li,&nbsp;Xiao Kong,&nbsp;Hui Jiang,&nbsp;Wenna Jiao,&nbsp;Di Jiang,&nbsp;Jichao Ren","doi":"10.1007/s40195-024-01772-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40195-024-01772-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>AlCoCrFeNi<sub>2.1</sub>-<i>x</i>Ni<sub>3</sub>Al (<i>x</i> = 0, 5.0, 7.5, and 10 wt%, denoted as Ni<sub>3</sub>Al0, Ni<sub>3</sub>Al5.0, Ni<sub>3</sub>Al7.5, and Ni<sub>3</sub>Al10) eutectic high-entropy alloy (EHEA) matrix composites were fabricated by mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering methods. The effects of Ni<sub>3</sub>Al content on the microstructures, mechanical and wear properties of AlCoCrFeNi<sub>2.1</sub> EHEA were investigated. The results indicate that the AlCoCrFeNi<sub>2.1</sub>-<i>x</i>Ni<sub>3</sub>Al composites present cellular grid morphologies composing of FCC/Ll<sub>2</sub> and B2 phases, and a small amount of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and Cr<sub>7</sub>C<sub>3</sub> phases. The addition of Ni<sub>3</sub>Al significantly enhanced the compressive yield strength, compressive fracture strength, compressive strain and wear properties of the AlCoCrFeNi<sub>2.1</sub> composites. In particular, the Ni<sub>3</sub>Al10 composite exhibits excellent comprehensive mechanical properties. The compressive yield strength, compressive fracture strength and compressive strain of the Ni<sub>3</sub>Al10 composite, are 1845 MPa, 2301 MPa and 10.1%, respectively. The friction coefficient, wear width and depth, and mass loss of the Ni<sub>3</sub>Al10 composite were 0.40, 0.9 mm, 20.5 mm, 0.016 g, respectively. Moreover, the wear mechanism of the Ni<sub>3</sub>Al10 composite is major abrasive wear with a small amount of adhesive wear.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":457,"journal":{"name":"Acta Metallurgica Sinica-English Letters","volume":"37 12","pages":"2019 - 2028"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142259452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Strengthening Mechanisms and Mechanical Characteristics of Heterogeneous CNT/Al Composites by Finite Element Simulation 通过有限元模拟研究异质 CNT/Al 复合材料的强化机理和力学特性
IF 2.9 2区 材料科学 Q2 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING Pub Date : 2024-09-15 DOI: 10.1007/s40195-024-01767-0
Hui Feng, Shu Yang, Shengyuan Yang, Li Zhou, Junfan Zhang, Zongyi Ma

The refined explicit finite element scheme considering various strengthening mechanisms and damage modes is proposed for simulation of deformation processes and mechanical properties of carbon nanotube (CNT)-reinforced bimodal-grained aluminum matrix nanocomposites. Firstly, the detailed microstructure model is established by constructing the geometry models of CNTs and grain boundaries, which automatically incorporates grain refinement strengthening and load transfer effect. Secondly, a finite element formulation based on the conventional theory of mechanical-based strain gradient plasticity is developed. Furthermore, the deformation and fracture modes for the nanocomposites with various contents and distributions of coarse grains (CGs) are explored based on the scheme. The results indicate that ductility of the composites first increases and then decreases as the content of CGs rises. Moreover, the dispersed distribution exhibits better ductility than concentrated one. Additionally, grain boundaries proved to be the weakest component within the micromodel. A series of interesting phenomena have been observed and discussed upon the refined simulation scheme. This work contributes to the design and further development of CNT/Al nanocomposites, and the proposed scheme can be extended to various bimodal metal composites.

针对碳纳米管(CNT)增强双峰晶粒铝基纳米复合材料的变形过程和力学性能模拟,提出了考虑各种增强机理和损伤模式的精细化显式有限元方案。首先,通过构建碳纳米管和晶界的几何模型,建立了详细的微观结构模型,并自动纳入了晶粒细化强化和载荷传递效应。其次,基于基于力学的应变梯度塑性传统理论,建立了有限元公式。此外,还根据该方案探讨了不同粗晶粒(CG)含量和分布的纳米复合材料的变形和断裂模式。结果表明,随着粗晶粒含量的增加,复合材料的延展性先增大后减小。此外,分散分布比集中分布表现出更好的延展性。此外,晶界被证明是微模型中最薄弱的部分。在改进的模拟方案中观察到并讨论了一系列有趣的现象。这项工作有助于 CNT/Al 纳米复合材料的设计和进一步开发,所提出的方案可扩展到各种双峰金属复合材料。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Acta Metallurgica Sinica-English Letters
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